Differences and Similarities in World Englishes thuyết trinh môn đa dạng tiếng anh

Differences and
Similarities in
World Englishes
Presentator:
1. Trần Thanh Tuyền
2. Văn Thị Cẩm Tú


Table of Contents

03

Grammar

01

02

Phonology

Spelling

04

Lexicon

05
Pragmatics


01

Phonology


Differences
- h dropping in France

Ex: hello
happy

ello
appy

- And /r/ is pronounced
strongly: borrow, jewelry,…


- Irish speakers often get rid of
TH, it is said quickly and lightly
so listeners barely hear it.
Ex: three

tree

- The word ‘pen’ in New Zealand
is usually pronounced ‘pin’, and
sometimes ‘fish and chips’
sounds like ‘fish and chops’.

- In America, they usually link words
and sometimes add /r/ at the end of
words ending in a vowel.
Ex: Cuba [‘kju:bər],
- The use of ‘eh’ tag is very common
in Canada, they use it after
comments and exclamations.
- Furthermore, /t/ sound is not
stressed, it ends up sounding more
like /n/
Ex: Twenty
Tweny


- Speakers in Australia use the
flap /t/ between vowels, that
makes the /t/ sound more
like /d/

Ex: water, letter, butter,…
- Singaporean tend to extend
the last vowel and they don’t
really have sound of TH.
- Last one is India, puff air in
plosive consonants is
omitted.


- Like RP most accents in
England today are

nonrhotic, but there is an
‘r-ful’ pocket in
Lancashire and a rhotic
area in the south-west.
initial fricatives are typically voiced in the southwest, as in finger [v-],
saddle [z-].


- Aitken’s Law or the Scottish Vowel Length Rule (SVLR),

says that vowels are short unless they are followed by /r/, a
voiced fricative, a morpheme boundary, or are final in an
open syllable (cf. Wells 1982:400, Chirrey 1999:224).

- For instance, the vowels in heed and hid, mace and mess,

and the stressed vowel in Peter have the same (short)
duration, whereas those in seethe, sleeve, maze would be
longer



Similarities
Mars

Saturn

Mercury

Venus

Canadian English is in
almost total agreement
with GA

Speakers in Australia and
South Africa don’t
pronouce /r/ at the end of
words

In India, Malaysia and
South Africa, dipthongs
usually become
monothongs.
As England and Welsh
English, French English
also drops /h/ sound.


02
Spelling


Definition of Concepts
- The spelling in World Englishes is really diversed

- American and Canada have some same spellings, that
makes people frequently think AmE and CanE are the
same in pronunciation.
- UK’s and Australia’s spelling quite similar.

- And the spelling between American English and
British English is much different.



03

Grammar


❖
-

Articles
Come from vacuum vs. come from a vacuum
How coconut falls vs. how a coconut falls
Having a knowledge of vs. having knowledge of

❖ Singular/plural
-

other opinion vs. other opinions

❖ Prepositions
- Because due to gravity vs. because of gravity

❖ Verb endings
- Then it start vs. Then it starts

Example of World Englishes
Sri Lankan English
A characteristic syntactic feature:
Ellipsis:
They hardly know that there’s a community called
Eurasians.
Most of them have migrated. [There is] Just a handful here.
Where dressing is concerned also [there is] no place at all
now.


04

Lexicon


- Early Scots shared a great deal of its vocabulary with Nothern Middle
English, including most of its borrowings from Scandinavian
languages. Some examples of words from this source used in Modern
Scots are gate ‘road’, krik ‘church’, big ‘build, lass ‘girl’, lowse ‘loose’,
rowan ‘mountain ash’.
- Trudgill (1999a:125) accounts for regional differences in word for
making tea: make, mash, mask, wet, brew in England English.
- There are also many characteristic idiom, some of which can be
ascribed to the Welsh substratum, whereas the origins of others are
obscure. An example of the latter category is the repetition of an
adjective for intensification, as in She was pretty, pretty.
- The rich vocabury of IrE stems from three sources: English, Scots and
Irish. Many of the English metaphors, idioms and proverbs reflect the
semantics of Irish (Todd 2000: 88)

- In American English, Wolfram and Schilling-Estes (1998: 60ff.) said the
number of dialectally sensitive words runs well into the thousands, faucet
/spigot/ tap ‘a device with a valve for regulating the flow of a liquid’; snap
beans/ string beans/ green beans ‘a type of vegetable with a stringy fiber
on the pods’.
- The following British terms were definitely given as ‘normal’ in CanE:
bonnet and tap, autumn (‘also called fall’), fortnight, queue, shop (line and
store are labelled N. Amer). On the other hand, gasolene is the head entry
with a cross-reference from petrol. As for the well-known pairs sub-wayunderground, sidewalk-pavement, spanner-wrench, candy-sweet.
- The various lects of Singapore/ Malaysia English include a great deal of
local vocabulary. Singlish has a rich supply of local lexicalisations (CRORE
words) derived from Chinese dialects. Chim/cheem ‘excessively
complex/difficult/ serious’, chop ‘reserve a chair, etc. By putting a bag or
garment on it’, peon ‘office boy, office porter’



05

Pragmatics


How do you address a teacher or professor?

-

Claire?

-

Prof. Smith ? Dr. Smith?

-

Dear teacher?

When is it ok to be ironical?

- In informal conversations?
- In the classroom?
- In professional meetings?


Thanks!

Does anyone have any questions?

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