Cấu trúc so sánh trong tiếng anh - Nguyễn Ngọc Anh potx

Khóa hc Luyn đ thi H-C môn Ting Anh – Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh
Cu trúc so sánh

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Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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A. COMAPRISONS OF EQUALITY (SO SÁNH BNG)

As + adj/adv + as
She’s as tall as her brother.
She speaks English as well as
her classmates.
As + much/little + noun (count) + as
I try to spend as little money as possible.
He doesn’t love her as much as
she thought.
As + many/few + Noun (count) + as
You can ask Ms. Hong for as many handouts as
you want.
As + many/much + as + cm N (ch s lng)
There are sometimes as many as 100 students in
our class.
Some of these fish can weigh as much as 80kg.
Trong so sánh bng ph đnh các em s dng cu
trúc:
1. Not … as + adj/adv + as
2. Not … so + adj/adv + as

Mary isn’t as/so sensitive as her mother.
(Khi đng t chính lƠ to be thì NOT đng
ngay trc so hoc as)
He doesn’t work as hard as other members in his
group.
(Khi đng t chnh trong cơu lƠ đng t
thng thì NOT đng sau tr đng t)
She can’t type so quickly as the old typist.
(Khi trong cơu có đng t Modal verb thì
NOT đng sau modal verb.)
As + adj + a/an + Noun + as
Despite her disability, she tries to lead as normal
a life as other girls do.
Not as/so + adj + a/an + Noun
Not such (a/an) + adj + Noun
He is not so good a player as her used to be =
He is not such a good player as
her used to be.
 nhn mnh thêm ý ngha cho cu trúc so sánh,
các em có th thêm mt s trng t phía trc
theo cu trúc sau:
(not) nearly/almost/exactly/just/nothing like/every
bit/not quite + as … + as
I’m not quite as tired as I was yesterday.
She is every bit as nice as
her sister.
 din đt so sánh hn gp my ln thì các em
s dng cu trúc so sánh bng nhng phía trc
as … as phi có trng ng hoc cm t ch s
lng.

Half + as … as + …
The journey took half as long as I expected.
She will never get married to a man who is twice
as old as her.
He speaks three times as much as his roommate.
CU TRÚC SO SÁNH
(TÀI LIU THAM KHO)
Giáo viên: NGUYN NGC ANH
ây là tài liu tham kho “Cu trúc so sánh” thuc khóa hc Luyn thi i hc môn Ting Anh –cô
Nguyn Ngc Anh.  có th nm vng toàn b kin thc ôn thi Tt nghip và i hc môn Ting Anh,
Bn nên tham gia khóa hc Luyn thi i hc môn Ting Anh – cô Nguyn Ngc Anh ti Hocmai.vn.
Khóa hc Luyn đ thi H-C môn Ting Anh – Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh
Cu trúc so sánh

Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit
Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Twice + as … as + …
Three times + as … as + …

B. COMPARATIVE (SO SỄNH HN)


Example
Rules
One-syllable adjectives
The number of channels is greater
than the number of lakes.

Adj + er + than
Two-syllable adjectives
ending
English is easier to learn than
French.
Adj(yi) + er + than
Adjectives with two or
more than two syllables
This map is more helpful than that
one.
She is more tired than Jack.
More + adj + than
Irregular comparative
adjectives
His explanation is better than yours.
The new service for customer in your
company is worse than the previous
one.
Good/well  better
Bad  worse
Far  Farther/further
Little  less; much  more
Few  fewer; many  more
Old  older/elder
 nhn mnh thêm ý ngha cho cu trúc so sánh hn các em chú ý s dng mt s cm t sau đt
trc tính t so sánh:
1. Much/far/very much/a lot/a little/even + adj (so sánh hn)
She is far lazier than what we expect.
Your cooking is even worse than Harry’s
2. Cm t ch s lng + tính t (so sánh hn)  She’s three years younger than her husband.

(Chú ý
: không dùng very trc tính t so sánh; very ch nhn mnh cho tính t hoc trng t  trng
thái không so sánh)

C. SUPERATIVE (SO SÁNH TUYT I/SO SỄNH HN NHT)

So sánh hn nht là so sánh gia 3 ngi hoc 3 vt tr lên vi nhau. Luôn s dng mo t “the” trc
các tính t so sánh hn.

Example
Rules
One-syllable adjectives
Cuu Long river is the longest one
in Vietnam
The + Adj + est
Two-syllable adjectives
ending
Our machine is the noisiest in
the factory.
The + Adj(yi) + est
Adjectives with two or more
than two syllables
That robot is the most intelligent
in our lab.
She is the most active girl I’ve
ever met.
The + Most + adj
Irregular comparative
adjectives
He’s the best looking man we’ve

ever seen.
Good/well  the best
Bad  the worst
Far  the farthest/furthest
Khóa hc Luyn đ thi H-C môn Ting Anh – Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh
Cu trúc so sánh

Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit
Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Little  the lest;
Many/much  the most
Old  the oldest/eldest
1.  nhn mnh thêm ý ngha cho cu trúc so sánh hn nht các em chú ý s dng mt s cm t
sau đt trc tính t so sánh hn nht:
By far/quite/almost/practically/nearly/easily + adj (so sánh tuyt đi)
 He’s by far the most imaginative of them all.
I’m nearly the oldest in this company.
2. S dng đng t nguyên th “to V” sau cu trúc so sánh:
 She’s is the youngest ever to receive that prize.

D. SO SÁNH KÉM

Trong cu trúc so sánh kém ch cn thêm “less” trc các tính t, không phân bit âm tit.
Eg: He’s less rich than his brother.
She seems less attractive than her sister.

E. PARALLEL COMPARISON (SO SÁNH KÉP)

The + adj/adv (so sánh hn) + S1 + V1, the + adj/adv (so sánh hn) + S2 + V2: C c /càng càng
The older she becomes, the more beautiful she gets.
The more you learn, the more you forget.
The more you forget, the better you know.
The better you know, the more you learn.

NOTE

1. So sánh hn vit li câu bng so sánh bng ph đnh và ngc li
He’s better-qualified than his colleagues = His colleagues are not as well-qualified as him.

2. Mt s tính t có 2 âm tit không kt thúc bng “y” nhng khi so sánh hn li thêm “er” và so sánh
hn nht thêm “est”.
Narrow – Narrower – Narrowest simple – simpler – simplest
Clever – Cleverer – Cleverest quiet – quieter – quietest

3. Phân bit farther vi further; the farthest vi the furthest
Father/the farthest: là đ ch khong cách thc t v đa lí.
It is farther from here to my house than to his.
Further/the furthest: là din đt mt khái nim xa hn/xa nht mang tính tru tng (đng ngha vi
more/the most)
I’d like further information about the English classes of Ms.Hong’s (further information = more
information)
That footballer has the furthest practice during this training season. (the furthest practice = the most
practice)
S dng đi t ch đnh that/those trong cu trúc so sánh:
Khóa hc Luyn đ thi H-C môn Ting Anh – Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh
Cu trúc so sánh

Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trng chung ca hc trò Vit
Tng đài t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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Tránh lp li danh t trong mt câu so sánh, các em s dng that đ thay th danh t đm đc s ít hoc
danh t không đm đc và those đ thay th danh t đm đc s nhiu.
The water of Dead Sea is saltier than that of the Pacific Ocean (that đ thay th water)
The students in Ms.Hong’s class are more hard-working than those in the next door one. (those thay th
students)


Giáo viên: Nguyn Ngc Anh
Ngun :
Hocmai.vn