Powerpoint Demand and supply

Unit 5 :

Demand and supply


Unit 5 :demand and supply.

1. Demand

2. Supply

3. Equilibrium


VOCABULARY

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Demand: cầu

a need for goods or services that customers want to buy or use:
increasing/rising/growing demand
declining/falling/slowing demand

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Quantity demanded: lượng cầu
Price of a good: giá của một hàng hóa
Demand curve: đường cầu
Curve: đường cong
Shift factors: yếu tố phi giá (shifters), non-price factors,
Movement: sự di chuyển
Move (v)
Shift (v) + (n) dịch chuyển, sự dịch chuyển


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a decline/drop/shift in demand
Colorful Ceramics hope to tap into the demand for products made out of
recycled materials.

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a rise/increase/boom in demand
demand rises/grows/falls As populations age, demand rises for ever more
complex and expensive health treatments.


Demand (v)
Demand sth/ demand to do sth- cần cái gì/ cần làm gì

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The library demanded $5 for each book returned late.
[ + to infinitive ] I demand to see the person in charge.


Quantity (n) the amount or number of something, especially that can be measured:

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Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession.

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They are now developing ways to produce the vaccine in large quantities and
cheaply.

We consumed vast quantities of food and drink that night.
The (sheer) quantity (= large amount) of equipment needed for the trip is
staggering.


Supply (v) to provide materials, or goods and services:

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supply sth to sb/sth

They supply parts to the automotive industry.
Electrical power is supplied by underground cables.
We supply systems for clients on the Pacific rim.

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supply sb/sth with sth
All employees are supplied with safety equipment.
They were not able to supply us with the relevant data.


Specific (adj) relating to one particular thing and not others:

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A specific provision in the agreement stated that research materials should not
be used for commercial purposes.


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quantity of sth A sudden surge in the quantity of stock available would almost
certainly depress the price.
huge/large/vast quantity Asian central banks have been buying huge quantities
of Treasury bonds.

in large/small quantities Supermarkets, being able to buy in large quantities, can
offer their customers the best prices.


Supply (v) to provide materials, or goods and services:
supply sth to sb/sth – cung cấp cái gì cho ai

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They supply parts to the automotive industry.
Electrical power is supplied by underground cables.
We supply systems for clients on the Pacific rim.


supply sb/sth with sth 

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All employees are supplied with safety equipment.
They were not able to supply us with the relevant data.


Shift (v) to move something to a different place or position: dịch chuyển
shift sth to sth – chuyển đổi cái gì sang cái gì

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They shifted the money to another account.

shift sth out of sth

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Rising costs forced them to shift manufacturing work out of Europe.


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exert/have/exercise (an) influence He is close enough to the President to exert
influence.

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(an) influence on sth Bloggers are expanding their influence on American politics.
(an) influence over sth Consumer groups act as champions and have critical
influence over industry.


VOCABULARY

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Be able to do sth: có thể làm gì
Be willing to do sth: muốn làm gì = want to do sth
Buy (v) mua – to buy sth = purchase
Buyer: người mua
Possible prices: các mức giá có thể
A particular price: một mức giá cụ thể


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Be able to buy = have enough money to buy
Be willing to buy = want to buy

Purchase (n) something that you buy:- hàng hóa được mua

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How do you wish to pay for your purchases?

a big/major purchase

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A car is a major purchase.


Purchase (n) the act of buying something:

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No purchase is necessary for you to enter this competition.
If you wish to make a purchase, we will require your credit card details.
Tax on the purchase of medical equipment can be reclaimed.
This product may be frozen. If required, freeze on day of purchase.
Similar products are available for purchase in the gift shop.
house/ticket/share purchase


Purchase (n) something that you buy:

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How do you wish to pay for your purchases?
a big/major purchase A car is a major purchase.


VOCABULARY

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Supply (n) + (v): cung
Quantity supplied (n): lượng cung
Taxes (n) thuế
Technology (n) công nghệ
Expectations: kỳ vọng
Income: thu nhập
Equilibrium point: điểm cân bằng


Questions
1. What is demand?

2. What is quantity demanded?
3. When other things are equal/ are kept constant, what will happen to demand of a
good if its prices increase?
4. What is supply?
5. What is quantity supplied?
6. When other things are equal, what will happen to supply of a good if its prices
increase?
7. What are shift factors of demand? Give examples.
8. What are shift factors of supply? Give examples.
9. What will happen to demand of a good if one of the shift factors increases or
decreases?/
How do shift factors influence/ affect demand of a good?
10. What will happen to supply of a good if one of the shift factors increases or
decreases?

1. Demand
Definition:
- “Demand” refers to all possible quantities
of a good or a service that the buyers are able
and willing to buy at all possible prices.
- “Quantity demanded” refers to a particular
quantity of a good that the buyers are able
and willing to buy at a particular price.


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Cầu diễn tả tất cả lượng hàng hóa có
thể mà người mua sẵn sàng và có
thể mua ở tất cả những mức giá có
thể.
“Demand” refers to all possible
quantities of a good that the buyers are
able and willing to buy at all possible
prices.


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“Quantity demanded” refers to a
particular quantity of a good that
the buyers are able and willing to
buy at a particular price

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Lượng cầu diễn tả một lượng hàng
hóa cụ thể mà người mua có thể và
muốn mua ở một mức giá cụ thể


1. What does the clause “the buyers are able to buy” mean?

 It means that the buyers have enough money to buy.
2. What does the clause “the buyers are willing to buy” mean?

 It means that the buyers want to buy
Decisions (Choices) of consumers depend on their resources and their preferences.
Demand curve is limited.


f price of a good on its demand

things are kept constant, if price of a good
t’s quantity demanded will increase and
Or price and quantity demanded of a good
y/ negatively related.

nge of a good/ a change in price of a good
ovement along a given demand curve.

1. Demand

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when other things are kept constant, if
price of a good decreases, it’s quantity
demanded will increase and vice versa.

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Or price and quantity demanded of a

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Khi các yếu tố khác được giữ ngun, nếu
giá của một hàng hóa nào đó giảm, thì

good are inversely/ negatively related.

lượng cầu của nó sẽ tăng và ngược lại.

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hoặc giá và lượng cầu của một hàng hóa
quan hệ tỷ lệ nghịch.