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Monika Zaviš
Otázka biologického materstva v islame1
MONIKA ZAVIŠ
Univerzita Komenského, Evanjelická bohoslovecká fakulta, Bratislava
Abstract: From the point of view of comparative religious studies are
bioethical questions dealing with reproductive health the most processed,
considering all world religions, in Christianity and Islam. This study
is focused on the religious perception of biological motherhood in Islam.
Whereas islamic holy scriptures are in this question rather unambiguous,
modern positions of religious authorities from two main streams in islam
do divide, evently argue against. Discrepancy of positions is apparent
particularly in IVF (in vitro fertilisatio), cryoconservance usage, third part
gamete donation or the latest, ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection)
utilization issue. Because of different kinds of restrictive religious regulations
in moslim countries dealing with medical help to infertile couples matter, the
reproductive tourism is put into practice. This solution is providing taking
advantage of all options for achieving the desired descendand.
Keywords: Biological mother. Bioethics. Third part donation. Children.
IVF. Marriage. Conception. Family. Pregnancy. Upbringing.
Úvod
Rodičovstvo je v islame najprirodzenejšou súčasťou manželského
spolužitia. Deti sú vnímané ako Allahov dar, za ktorý majú rodičia zodpovednosť. Biologické materstvo je tou formou materstva, ktorú islam uznáva a veľmi prízvukuje jeho úlohu pre celú ummu2, na rozdiel od surrogátneho3 materstva, ktoré je zakázané. V novšej dobe, keď sa aj na úze1
2
3
Tento článok vznikol vďaka podpore v rámci OP Výskum a vývoj pre dopytovoorientovaný projekt: Univerzitný vedecký park Univerzity Komenského v Bratislave,
ITMS 26240220086 spolufinancovaný zo zdrojov Európskeho fondu regionálneho