Types-of-Morphemes.-23 pdf

Types of morphemes

Morphemes
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

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 !"
3.1. Roots
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Root:
#
!man, hold, book"
$%! "&'(!manly,
coldness"
ROOT )
walks, walking, walked,
3.1. Roots
$%
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!house + hold= household"&'(
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!man + ly = manly"
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!cold +ness = coldness"
Examples
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
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*
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*
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+
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
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
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
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
Exercise
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,
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
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-
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
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.
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
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
3.2. Stem
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*inectional ax+(
! "

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*
/ #!"e.g. work
 #'(e.g. work + er =worker
0 *e.g. work + shop = workshop.
3.3. Base
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#'(
/ 1'(!"
 '(!&"
.
#ROOTSBASES
Free & bound
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$
3.1.1. Free morphemes
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+
22222222)
1. Lexical morphemes
2. Function words

3.1.1.Free morphemes
*Content words
Lexical morphemes
Function words
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3!2)4"
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#%!2"

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5!)"
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#!2"
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6!22"
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#!22"
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7!2"
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6!,222"
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8%!2"
3.1.2.Bound morphemes
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9*

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)permit – commit – admit

)perceive – receive – conceive – deceive

)biology – psychology - pathology
3.2. Axes

#'(!"
*0'(
/ :((re-, un-, dis-, im-)
 '((-ly, -er, -ist,-s)

0 :(
#'(
:( :( '(
Exercise

,'(
;


!"






AFFIXES
,1
Morphological Morphemes
In"ec#onal morphemes
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,1           
,1           

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<
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,
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=s

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4ed
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4ed
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4ing
In"ec#onal morphemes

Unlike derivational morphemes, inectional morphemes:
/ >
 >
English In"ec#onal Morphemes
1. -s !)"
2. -ed !"
3. -ing!"
4. -en !"
5. -s !"
6. -’s !"
7. -er !"
8. -est !"
Examples
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8
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(
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*
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
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*
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?
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#
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4>
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))
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8
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?
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
Deriva#onal Morphemes
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7
7)
&
7        7#    
!full"
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<
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6!"

!"
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!"


!%"
Deriva#onal Morphemes
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70
/ 6:(
 ,:(
0 ?'(
@ !pathology"
Deriva#onal morphemes
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Unlike inectional morphemes, inectional morphemes:
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)
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
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7#

<
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
English Deriva#onal Morphemes
class-changing
1. Nouns  Adjective
2. Verbs  Noun
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 
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 

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<; <;
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 
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 
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 AA
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- 
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 
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 
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 
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 
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 
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 
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 
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 
English Deriva#onal Morphemes
class-changing
3. Adjective  adverb
Nouns  verbs


( (
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A A
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 ;;
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 
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 
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 