Một số biện pháp khắc phục khó khăn tâm lí trong học tập của lưu học sinh lào đang học ở trường cao đẳng sư phạm thừa thiên huế

HOT SO BIE\ PH iP KIliC PHK KHO KH.i\ T i l l l i TRO\(i HOf TAP
CUA lini HOC SINH IJIO DANG HOC 0 IRIfJINIi CAO HANG SII PHAM THllA THHN - HUl
Tins. O O N G V A N T O A N '

H

gc tap la hoat ddng dae trung ciia con ngudi,
la mdl nhan id co ban de hinh thanh va phat
Irien lam li, y thiic nhan each. Qua hpc tap,
con ngudi tiep thu nen van hda xa hdi, kmh nghiem xa
hpi - lich Sli, bien nhung kmh nghiem dd thanh vdn
sd'ng, kinh nghiem ciia ban than, hinh thanh va phat
trien ddi sd'ng tam li. ddi sd'ng ca nhan gdp phan thiic
day suphat trien van h d a - x a h d i . Dodo, hoat ddng
hgc lap ean su quan tam, nghien ctiu, nhim mue
dich tao dieu kien thuan Igi cung nhu giam bdt nhung
khd khan lam li (KKTL) trong hpc tap cho ngudi hpc.
Luu hpc sinh (LHS) Lao dang tlieo hgedTrudng
Cao d i n g supham Thiia Thien - H u e d o thay ddi
mdi tn/dng song, sukhae biet ve ngdn ngiJ, van hda
cung nhu npi dung tri thiic, phudng phap day hpc,
dieu kien hpc tap, ndi quy quy dinh ciia nha trudng .
nen gap nhung trd ngai nhat dinh trong qua trinh
hpe tap. Vi vay, ket qua hgc tap ctia kha nhieu LHS
Lao cdn thap, mdt sd'em nay sinh lam ii chan ehucffig,
khdng mud'n tiep tuc hoc, Thue lien nay ddi hdi cd
nhung nghien ciiu ve cac bien phap khac phuc cae
KKTL eiia LHS Lao trong hpc lap n h i m gitip cae
em nang eao kel qua hge tap. Theo ehiing tdi, de
giai quyet tot van de nay, can chu y mpt so phuong
dipnsau:

1 . Nang eao nhan thiic cho can bp, giang vien
Trudng CDSP Thiia Thien - Hue va L H S Lao
-Can bp, giang vien ct/a nha tnidng va LHS Lao
can nhan thtic rd nhdng KKTL trong hpc tap ctia LHS
Lao va nhung nguyen nhan gay ra nhung khd khan
dd trong mdi trudng hpc lap mdt 6 tn/dng cao dang
cung nhucae quy djnh ve phuong thtic dao lao tin chi
hien nay, t d d d cd y thtic lim each khic phuc; gitip
LHS Lao thich ting vdi mdi In/dng hgc tap mdi ocao
dang, dai hge.
- Nhflng KKTL trong hpc tap cua LHS Lao bao
gom: Khdkhan trong viec tiep thu khd'i lugng kien thtic
ldn, mang tinh tniu tUOTig khd hieu, chua thich ung vdi
phuong phap hpc tap mdi dtn/dng cao dang, dai hpc.
khd khan trong viec tim kiem giao trinh, tai lieu tham

khao...; Nguyen nhan gay ra cac khd khan tren gdm
nguyen nhan chti quan va khach quan nhu da phan
tich va trinh bay dtren. Mat khac. cdn do cae quy dinh
dao tao theo phuong thiie tin chi. ngudi hoc phai tich
cue tu hoc, tu dang ki va xay dung ke hoach hoc tap
eho ban than...
• Viec nang cao nhan Ihirc eho dpi ngu can bd,
giang vien Trudng CDSP Thiia Thien - Hue va LHS
Lao ve nhung KKTL trong hoc tap ma LHS Lao dang
gap phai. va theo ehiing tdi, can tien hanh thdng qua
cae hoatdpng; + Hpe ehinh tri dau nam thdng qua dd
de tuyen truyen, pho bien ve ndi quy, quy dinh ctia
nha In/dng ve ehuong trinh dao tao, ve phuong thiic
dao tao theo he thd'ng tin chi va nhung yeu cau va

nhiem vy cho ngudi hpe; + Hpi nghi phuong phap hpe
tap cho LHS Lao; + Trao ddi kinh nghiem hpc lap giua
cac khda hpc va trao dol kinh nghiem ve phuong phap
hoc tap; + Giang vien can tang eudng ddi mtjiphuong
phap day hgc, phat huy nganh nghe eho ngudi hgc
Irong luong lai
2. Hinh thanh va phattrien kTnang (KN) hoc
tap theo phuong thiic tin chi cho LHS Lao
- Hinh thanh va phat trien nhimg KN hoe tap co
ban cho LHS Lao nhim gitip eae em thieh nghidugc
vdi each Ihiic, mdi trudng hpc lap theo phuong thtic
lin ehl, tiidd nang cao kel qua hpc tap eiia ban than.
- Cac KN hoc tap can thiet can hinh thanh va phal
tnen eho LHS Lao la: KN thiet lap mue tieu hpctap, KN
lap kehoach hpctap, KN quan li thcri gian hpctap, KN
tim kiem va xu ii thdng tin, KN ghi nhd, KN lam bai lhi,
KN nghe giang, KN doc -vie't, KN trinh bay, dae biet la
KNtuhgc..
-Viec hinh thanh va phat Irien nhi/ng KN hpc lap
cho LHS Lao dugc lien hanh Ihdng qua cae each
thiic sau: + Nha tn/dng phdl h t ^ vdi cae khoa. Id'
chtic doan the tap hua'n eae KM hpc lap cho LHS
Lao; + Trao doi kinh nghiem hpc tap gida cac khda
hgc; + Tang eudng st/trao dol ve ptiuong phap hgc
* TrMBg Cao

dang sir ptiam ThiTa Thien - Hue

Tqp chi Gido due so 305
(kil-3/2013)-

19


lap giiia giao vien va LHS; + Sudung cac phuong
phap day hge tieh cue (nhu "tan cdng nao", thao
luan nhdm.vietbaithu hoach. giaiquyet linh hud'ng...)
tao dieu kien eho LHS Lao sudung cac KN hpc tap;
+ Td'chiic cae cau lae bd, sinh hoat tap the gitip LHS
Lao nil n g i n khoang each Irong giao tiep va ren
luyen ngdn ngu tieng Viet cua minh; + Tang cudng
eac chuye'n tham quan thuc te, giao luu van nghe the due the thao.
S.Taomditrudngthuanlgigiup LHS Lao phat
trien ngdn ngu tieng Viet
- Noidung:Jao cae mdi trudng cho LHS Lao ren
luyen va phat trien ngdn ngO d cac phuong dien: tti
vung, phal am, caiu tnJc nguphap nhim giiip cac em
ndi va viet tie'ng Viet luu Ioal trong giao liep va hpc nhu:
•(•Bien soan giao trinh tu dien Viel - Lao, Lao • Viet de
gitip cho viec nghien ctiu, hpc lap ciia LHS dugc ttiuan
igi hon; + Tao eohdieho LHS Lao duge trinh bay, trao
dol cacy kien tn/dc tap the; + Td'chiic nhieu hinh thtic
hpc tap khac nhau nhu: seminar, thao luan nhdm de
tang eudng sutrao ddi, giao liep giua LHS Lao vasinh
vien Viet.
4. Nang cap va trang bi co sdvat chat, thiet bj
day hoc
Hien nay, co sd vat chat, Ihiet bi day hpc ctia
Trudng COSP Thiia T h i e n - H u e tudng doi td't luy
nhien, van chua dap liTig dugc nhu cau cua ngudi

hge. Oe tao dieu kien hgc tap lot nha't cho LHS Lao
va smh vien Viet, nha tn/cmg can dau tuva phattrien
cac nguon giao trinh va tai lieu Iham khao; cac lap
ehi chuyen nganh; may tinh cd ket noi mang; he
thd'ng phdng hpc, phdng thue hanh, thi nghiem, thu
vien dap ting duge yeu cau hpc tap; cac phuong tien
do dting In/c quan nhu tranh anh, so do. md hinh...
Irong eae mdn hge.
5. Phoi hgp chat che gii/a nha trudng, khoa,
doan thetrong viec gitip do LHS Lao khae phiie
KKTL trong hgc tap
Thiet lap mdl lien ket giua LHS Lao vdi nha In/dng
va cac td'chuc doan the mpt each cd hieu qua la mdt
npidung quan trpng can Ihuc hien. Nhatrudng vacae
td'chuc doan the cd the trao ddi, chia se thdng tin de
hieu rdhdn nhiing KKTL trong hpctap cua LHS Lao
gap phai trong thdi gian hpc d tn/dng. Viec hieu rd
hoan canh va KKTL trong hpc lap cua LHS. la co sd
dede ra cac bien phap tao dieu kien tot nhat nhim
gitip cac em hgc lap, ren luyen lot.
Cd the tan dung su trg gitip ciia edng nghe thdng
tin va Intemet de thiel lap mang ludi lien ket. Cac
thdng tin lien quan de'n hgc lap cua LHS Lao can

20

Tap chl Gido due so 305

dugc cap nhat thudng xuyen. Mdi LHS can ed dja
chl Email tieng do tmdng cap de si) dung vao muc

dich lien quan den hpc tap, ren luyen dtn/dng. Dia
ch? email cua cae don vj. ea nhan ciia tn/dng. cac
doan the cung can dugc cdng bo cdng khai de LHS
lien he khi can thiel. Ben canh dd, can tang cudng
hieu qua eiia mang ludi lien ket "truyen thdng" da
hoat ddng lii Irudc den nay giQa Irudng, khoa, giang
vien va smh vien, trong dd cd tro 11 cdng tac slnti
vien, G V dung Idp, co van hoc tap va giao vien quan
lildp.bancansi/k^.
Nhung khd khan trong hoc tap cua LHS Lao tai
Tn/dng CDSP Thiia Thien - Hue se dugc khic phuc
khi cd su phoi hgp hieu qua cac phuong phap
neu tren.
KKTL trong hgc tap ciia LHS Lao ta nhung thieu
hut, can trd, vudng m i c gay ra bdi ye'u Id' ben trong
va ben ngoai lam cho chti the khd vugt qua trong
hoat ddng hpc, ddi hdi chti the phai co ging nd li/c
de vugt qua. Hieu venhung KKTL eiia LHS Lao la
mpt trong nhung ye'u to tien quyet de to' chtic qua
trinh day hge phti hgp, nang eao chat lugng hpc t^p
cua cac e m . •
Tai lieu tham khao
1. Trin Thj Tu Anh. &ng phd vdi khd khdn trong hgc
tdp ciia sinh viin thiit thdi Bai hoc Hui. DS l^idyan
PHE. Dai hgc Hug. 2010.
2. Nguyen Thgc - Pham Thanh Nghj. T9m If hpc sir
pham dai hoc, NXB DQI hoc supham Hd N6i. 2009.
3. Nguyfin Quang U^n. Tam Ii hpc dai ciimig. NXB
Dai hoc qud'c qia, H.2004.
4. Ddng Van Toan. "NhiJng khd khan tam li irong

giao tie'p cLia luu hoc sinh \Ao dang hoc a tmdng
CDSP Th&a Thien - H u ^ . Tap chi Tdm li hgc, s6 10/
2010.
5. Nguygn Nhu Y (chii bien). Dai tu-di^n tieng Viet.
NXB Vdn hda - thdng lin, H.1998,
SUMMARY
Psychologicai difflcuties in the leaming process
ofstudents in general and foreign students in particular are issues to be studied. Correct evaluation
of psychological dlfHcuties in leaming of Lao students inonderto have a remedy that Is significant
in both theory and pracUce In Education and Ttalnmg currently in Colleges and UniversiUes. Research
results difflculUes in the psychological study of Lao
students studyand providing appropriate measures
aim to mitigate the difffcutles in new leaming environment.

- (ki 1 - 3/2013)