Damaging Earthquakes Database 2011 – The Year in Review docx


DamagingEarthquakesDatabase
2011–TheYearinReview

 
JamesDaniell&ArmandVervaeck 
  
Author’sNote
ii
Author’sNotes
WehopethatyouenjoytheCATDATYearlyReviewofDamagingEarthquakesin2011.TheCATDAT
Databasehasbeenbuilt upbycollectingearthquake, floodandothernaturaldisasterloss datafor
quiteafewyearssince2003attheUniversityofAdelaide,withamoreconcertedeffortinthe
past3
to4yearstobuildupthedatabasesfurther.Thisreportin2011onlyshowsasmallpercentageofthe
datacollectedbutanewandexcitingfutureinearthquakereporting.Inthelast12months,wehave
reported constantly on www.earthquake‐report.com
, founded by Armand Vervaeck, and worked
tirelessly to provide the best quality scientific reporting of felt earthquake and volcanic events
worldwideandCATDATtoprovidedetailedaccountsoneverydamagingearthquakeworldwide.
Thepurposeofthisreportistopresent thedamagingearthquakesintheyear2011aroundtheworld

thatwereenteredintotheCATDATDamagingEarthquakeDatabaseintermsoftheirsocio‐economic
effects. This 2011 report showcases the work that CATDAT, in collaboration with earthquake‐
report.com/SOSEarthquakes,isdoing.
Abigthan kstoMarenforsupportingmethroughthesporadiclatenights(whenearthquakeshave
occurred), as
well as with SMS updates, translations, constant earthquake discussions and
intellectualconversations.Iwouldalsoliketothankmyparents,AnneandTrevor,andalsomysister,
Katherine,andbrother‐in‐law,Quentin,forthenumerousreportsandpapersIhavesentthemand
theyhavecheckedandforthenumerous

updatesastonaturaldisasterdata.
A big thank you goes to the General Sir John Monash Foundation (supported by the Australian
Government)thathasbeenfundingmyPhDresearchatKarlsruheatKIT/CEDIMandallowedmeto
choose this location from all worldwide institutions (and in particular I would
like to thank Peter
Binks). I would like to also thank the University of Adelaide, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble,
UniversityofPaviaandKarlsruheInstituteofTechnologyformyeducationandfortheirpromotionof
learninganddevelopmentoutsidethecourseenvironment.
Thankyou alsotothe Centerof DisasterManagement
and Risk Reduction Technology (CEDIM)for
supporting me in my research in the natural disaster field. In addition, I would like to thank
FriedemannWenzel,BijanKhazaiandTinaKunz‐Plappfortheirinterest,supportandmotivatingme
topublishmywork.Ihavealsobeenaidedbyanumber
ofinterestedindividualsforcomponentsof
theda tabasebutwith theamountofdataaroundonhistoricaldamagingearthquakes,Iamalways
interestedinnewreports,studies,questions,comments,improvementsandcollaboration.
Iwould alsolike to urge people’s involvementwithsome greatworldwide
earthquake and natural disaster risk related initiatives
 out there – just to
mention a few; Willis Research Network (WRN), EERI, USGS‐PAGER,  GEM,
EMSC‐CSEM,GEO‐CANandWAPMERR.
Manythanks,
JamesDaniell
Thedatacontainedinthisreportisuptodateasof7January2012.Theauthortakesnoresponsibility
forerrorsthatmaybeinthedataan dalsomisuseofthedataprovided.TheEQLIPSEBuildingInventoryDatabase,CATDATNaturalDisaster
andSocioeconomicDatabases,OPAL Project,associateddataand
publicationsremain theintellectualproperty ofJames Daniellandare
nottobereproducedinanyformwithoutpermission.
Author’sNote
iii

SOS Earthquakes and Earthquake‐report.com were developed to report about earthquakes and
volcanoes in the best possible way and to create value‐added information with a scientific and
earthquakelossestimationperspective.
Earthquake Report bridges the gap in‐between science and basic understanding.
News in thesite not only appears very
 quickly, but we will always  try to bring “Added Value” and
“Scientific/SocialInsight” newsthatyouwillnotfindanywhereelse,aswellasdatafromCATDAT.
Earthquake Report focusses on the Impact of Earthquakes and Volcanoes on  society. We will
search, analyse and create in‐depth socio‐economic reports
 for unique news, even in the most
remoteplacesonEarth.VictimsofanearthquakeinthejungleofPapua NewGuineameritthesame
attentionasthosepeoplelivinginSanFrancisco,Tokyo,Port‐au‐PrinceorConcepción.
Earthquake‐Report.com is the information part ofSOS Earthquakes, anon
‐profit
organizationspecializi ng inearthquakes,with5importantgoals:
‐bringingthebestpossible,highestqualityearthquakeinformationincludingCATDATdata
‐providingfreeorcheaptechnologytoolsformassmedia(QuakeSOSiPhoneapplication)
‐providingQuickandStructuralaidtoearthquakevictimsallovertheworld(stilltobeorganized)
‐
givingrationalunbiasedgeophysical,seismological,engineeringandscientificearthquakedetails.
‐workingonearthquakepreparednessandprevention.
EarthquakeReportalsosupportsQuakeSOS,theearthquakeemergencyiPhoneApplication.
SOS Earthquakes was founded  in August 2010. SOS Earthquakes andEarthquake‐Report.comare
privateinitiativesto makethe worldjusta littlebit better.
Everysingledonated dollarasalifeline
that strengthens our initiative and is needed for server space, programming and increased data
gatheringcapability.
WewelcomealsothesupportofSTRATEGICPARTNERSwhowillenableustoreachasmanypeople
as possible. Strategic partners can be individuals or companieswho
want to make the world less

traumatic, just like we do, or people or companies who require the latest damage, casualty, aid,
economicandsocialdatafromearthquakes.
Inthisrespectearthquake‐report.comandCATDATtogetherprovidethelatestandbestup‐to‐date
informationpost‐earthquakewitharapidly
growingnumberofsubscribersanddatainputsources.
PleasecontactmeorJamestomakeadonationortobecomeastrategicpartner.Withoutmonetary
support,thisserviceunfortunatelycannotcontinue.
Postaladdress:Cederstraat21,2800Mechelen,Belgium,Phone:+32478299395Fax:+3215414670
In addition,I would like to
thankmy wife, Gerda, for her loving support
through my 24‐hour a day reporting and work with earthquake‐
report.com, and also to my family and friends as well as the millionsof
earthquake‐report.com readers and subscribers. Thankyou and I hope
thatwecancontinuetheservicein2012.
Manythanks,
ArmandVervaeck
TableofContents
iv

TABLEOFCONTENTS

Page
Author’sNotes ii

TABLEOFCONTENTS iv
LISTOFFIGURES iv
LISTOFTABLES v
1 Introduction 1
2 WhatisCATDAT? 2
2.1 Whatiscontainedinthedatabase? 2

2.2 Entrycriteria 4
3 DamagingEarthquakesfrom2011intheCATDATDamagingEQDatabase 5
3.1 WherehavetheCATDATdamagingearthquakesoccurred? 5
3.2 Casualty‐bearing2011earthquakes 7
3.3 2011earthquakeswithover100peoplehomelessorrequiringshelter 11
3.4 EconomicLossesfromearthquakesin2011over$5millionUS 15
3.5 InsuredLossesfromearthquakesin2011sofar. 19
3.6 AquickcomparisonoftheNewZealandandTohokuEarthquakesinNumbers 21
4 Aquickcomparisonofthe2011LossestotheCATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase
since1900 22

5 Conclusion 25
6 MainReferences 27
AppendixA:Summarypagesofeach2011damagingearthquake 31


ListofFigures
iv

LISTOFFIGURES
Page
Figure1‐TheprocessusedtocreatetheCATDATDamaging EarthquakesDatabase(Daniell,2011)
2

Figure2–TheCATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabaseparameters(Daniell,2003‐2011a) 4
Figure3–Thelocationofthe133+CATDATdamagingearthquakesinvariouscountriesduring
2011 5

Figure4–Thenumberofearthquakespercountryinthe133+CATDATdamagingearthquakesin
variouscountriesduring2011 6


Figure5–Thefatalearthquakesin2011intheCATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase. 7
Figure6–Thecasualtybearingearthquakesin2011intheCATDATDamagingEarthquakes
Database. 8

Figure7–Thenumberofbuildingsdamagedordestroyedineach2011CATDATdamaging
earthquake 11

Figure8–Therelativebuildingdamageindexineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake 12
Figure9–Thenumberofhomelesspeopleineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake 12
Figure10–Thedirecteconomiclossesineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake 16
Figure11–Theinsuredeconomiclossesineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake 19
Figure12–YearlyDirectEconomicLossesfromCATDATDa maging Earthquakesshowing2011as
thehighestlossyearofthepast111years 22

Figure13–YearlyTotalEconomicLossesfromCATDATDamagingEarthquakesshowing2011as
thehighestlossyearofthepast111years 23

Figure14–YearlyEarthquakeandSecondaryEffectdeathsinCATDATfordevelopingand
developednationsthroughtime–2011showsthelargestdeathtollfromadevelopednation
(HDI(2011)>0.8) 23

Figure15–MajoreventlossesintheCATDATdamagingearthquakesdatabasefrom1900‐2011
(Daniell,2003‐2011a) 24

Figure16–Cumulativedeathsandeconomiclossesrelatedtoglobal2011‐dollarGDP(PPP)and
population. 24


ListofTables

v

LISTOFTABLES

Page
Table1–Listofcasualty‐bearingearthquakesin2011 8

Table2–Listofhomeless‐bearingearthquakesin2011 13
Table3–Finallossestimatesforthe2011TohokuEQdisaggregatedfortsunami,powerplantand
earthquakeusingJapaneseandCATDATdataasof18
th
October 15
Table4–Listofeconomiclossesinearthquakesin2011withover$5millionUSDorothernotable
losses(excludingnucleardisasters) 17

Table5–Listofinsuredlossesinearthquakesin2011sofarover$1m 19
Table6–Listofhighestinsuredlosses(1900‐2011)in2011CountryCPIadjusted$international.20
Table7–AcomparisonoftheChristchurchandTohokuearthquakesintermsofnumbers 21
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
1
1 Introduction
2011has played host tothe largest twoearthquakes, economically speaking, in the history of the
countriesofJapanandNewZealand.TheM9.0Tohokuearthquakeandtsunamiof11
th
March,2011
provedto be themostexpensive earthquakeofalltime, causingbetween $400‐700billionUSDin
totallossesandapproximately19000deaths,whiletheChristchurchearthquake(aM6.3quakeclose
tothecityofChristchurch)causedahugebuildingstocklossandapproximately$15‐20billionUSD
damage with around 80% insured losses. Their respective aftershocks caused further damage.
SignificantlosseswerealsoseeninTurkeyfromtheVanearthquakeinOctober,intheIndia‐Nepal‐

Tibet region in September, in China from numerous earthquakes in the Yunnan and Xinjiang
ProvincesandintheUSAfromtheVirginia
earthquake.
Inaddition,inthefirsthalfof2011,thenewscameoutthatthedeathtollinHaitiwasoverestimated
significantly.AreportfromaUS‐basedconsultancygroup,LTLStrategies,aspartofaUSAIDreport,
showedthatthedeathtollwasbetween46190and84961.Daniellet
al.(2010f,2011j)usingvarious
approaches concluded that a death toll of 136933
, with a range of 121843 to 167082 dead, was
reasonable. Both of these totals are a massive reduction on the 316000 deaths quoted by the
Presidenton12
th
January,2011.
2011DamagingEarthquakesinNumbers
NumberofCATDATDamagingEarthquakes:  133+.
NumberofCasualty‐bearingEarthquakes:  61+withatleast25fatal.
CountrywiththemostCATDATDamagingEarthquakes: Japan,27;China,20;Turkey,18.
TotalFatalities:Between20086and20475.
TotalShakingFatalities:±1336.
TotalInjuries:±14629.
TotalHomeless:±1.108million.
TotalEconomicLosses:$503.39billion‐$749.51billionUS
(Median=$623.50billionUS)
TotalEconomicLosses(excludingFukushimaNuclear): $394.39billion‐$587.51billionUS
(Median=$488.00billionUS)
TotalEconomicLosses(excludingTohoku):  $24.39billion‐$39.51billionUS
(Median=$29.00billionUS)
TotalInsuredLosses:$43.26billion‐$67.48billionUS
(Median=$52.80billionUS)


Pleasenotethatforthepurposesofthisreportduetodifferentmeaningsofbillionandmillionworldwide:
1billion=1,000,000,000or10
9
 1million=1,000,000or10
6
Finallossestimatesforthe2011TohokuEQdisaggregatedfortsunami,powerplantandearthquake‐JapaneseandCATDATdata
InBillionUSD Earthquake Tsunami Powerplant
DirectLossInland 77 0
DirectLossCoastal 48‐81 112‐145
58‐71
TotalDirectLoss 125‐158(42%) 112‐145(39%) 58‐71(19%)
IndirectLoss 69‐132 64‐113 51‐91
TotalEconomicLoss 194‐290(41%) 176‐258(36%) 109‐162(23%)
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
2
2 WhatisCATDAT?
CATDAToriginatedasaseries ofdatabasesthathasbeencollectedbytheauthorfrommanysources
over the years(2003 onwards). Itincludes global data onfloods, volcanoes and earthquakes (and
associatedeffects).Thisreportwillfocusonthedamagingearthquakes in2011,anda comparisonas
providedbythe
DamagingEarthquakesDatabasepartofCATDAT.Thisdatabasehas beenpresented
attheAustralianEarthquake EngineeringSocietyConferencein2010inPerth,Australia, intheform
of3papers,andthedatawasalsousedtoformanAsia‐Pacificcomparisonoffloodandearthquak e
socio‐economic loss in the
CECAR5 conference in Sydney, Australia, 2010. The details of the
database can be found by typing “CATDAT Damaging Earthquakes Database” into Google and
searchingfortheDanielletal.(2011)paperinthejournal,NHESS.
As of January 2012 in CATDAT v5.0328, over 19000 sources of information have been  utilised to

presentdatafromover 12300historical damaging earthquakes,with over7000 earthquakes since

1900examinedandvalidatedbeforeinsertionintotheCATDATdamagingearthquakesdatabase.

Figure1‐TheprocessusedtocreatetheCATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase(Daniell,2011)
2.1 Whatiscontainedinthedatabase?
Eachvalidatedearthquakeincludesthefollowingparametersfilledintothebestavailabledetail:‐
• Date(Day,Month,Year,Time(LocalandUTC)).
• SeismologicalInformation(EQHypocentreLatitude;Longitude;Depth(km);Intensity(MMI);
Magnitude;Magnitudetype)
• ISO3166‐2Countrycode,includingKosovoandSouthSudan;ISOCountryName.
•
Human Development Index of country; HDI Classification; Economic Classification; Social
Classification;UrbanityIndex;Populationattimeofevent;NominalGDPattimeofevent–
splitintodevelopedordevelopingcountries.
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
3
• CATDATPreferred(BestEstimate)Deaths;Secondar y EffectDeaths;GroundShakingDeaths;
CATDAT Upper and Lower Bound Death Estimates; Global Literature Source Upper and
Lower Bound Death Estimates; Severe Injuries; Slight Injuries; CATDAT Upper and Lower
Bound Injury Estimates; Glo bal Source Upper and Lower (U/L) Bound Injury Estimates;
Homeless(andU/L
Bound);Affected(andU/LBound);Missing.
• Buildings destroyed; Buildings damaged;Buildings damaged – L4, L3, L2, L1;Infrastructure
Damaged;CriticalandLargeLossFacilities;Lifelinesdamaged.
• Secondary effects that occurred (Tsunami,Seiche, Landslide (mud, snow, rock, soil, quake
lake),Fire,Liquefaction,Flooding,FaultRupture);%ofthesocial
lossesthatwerecausedby
each secondary effect; % of economic losses that were caused by each secondary effect;
TsunamiDeaths;LandslideDeaths;FireDeaths;LiquefactionDeaths.
• Diseaseandadditionallong‐termproblems.
• Full word description of various sources contributing to the data, including associated

references.
• Sectoraland
indirectanalysisofeconomiclosses.
• Country‐based CPI at time of disaster; Country‐based Wage Index at time of disaster;
Country‐based GDP Index; USA CPI for comparison; Hybrid Natural Disaster Economic
ConversionIndex.
• CATDAT Preferred (Best Estimate) Total  Economic Loss; CATDAT U/L Bound of Economic
Loss;Global
SourceU/LBoundofEconomicLoss;AdditionalEconomicLossestimatesfrom
varying sources; CATDAT Economic Loss 2011 HNDECI‐Adjusted; CATDAT Economic Loss
2011‐countrybasedCPIadjusted.
• Insured Loss; Insured Loss In 2011 dollars; Insured estimate source; Estimated Insurance
Takeout(orapprox.takeout)attimeofevent.
• Indirectand
Intangibleeconomiclosses.
• Estimatedlif ecostgivensocialvalues,workingwagesetc.atthetime.
• TotalEconomicLossasapercentageofcountry’sGDP;Sociallossestrendedbypopulation.
• CATDATEarthquakesrankedviatheMunichNatCatServicemethodology.
• CATDATEarthquakesrankedfortheCATDATEconomicDisaster
RankingandCATDATSocial
DisasterRankingbasedonrelativevaluesandnotabsolutevalues.
• LinktoReliefWebarchivewhereavailable.
• Aidcontribution;Aiddelivered;AidSource.
• Split country impacts (social and economic) where earthquake has affected more than 1
country.
• Variousratiosbetweencomponentsfortrendsanalysis.

• Normalisationstrategiesforcurrentconditions.(Danielletal.,2010g)
• Linkstotheauthor’sglobalrapidlossestimationmodel(partofhisPhD).


CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
4

Figure2–TheCATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabaseparameters(Daniell,2003‐2011a)
ThisiscontainedinaMicrosoftExcelframeworkwithexternallinkstootherresources.Itisalsoin
SQLformat.
2.2 Entrycriteria
Adamagingearthquakeis enteredintotheCATDATdatabasebythefollowingcriteriainv.5.03:‐
• Anyearthquakecausingcollapseofstructuralcomponents.
• Anyearthquakecausingdeath,injuryorhomelessness.
• Anyearthquake causingdamageorflow‐oneffectsexceeding100,000internationaldollars,
HybridNaturalDisasterEconomicConversionIndex
adjustedto2011.
• Any earthquake causing disruption to a reasonable economic or social impact as deemed
appropriate.
• A requirement of validation of the earthquake existence via 2 or more macroseismic
recordings and/or seismological information recorded by stations and at least 1 of the 4
definitionsabove.
• Validation
viaexternalsourcesifCorruptionIndex<2.7,subjecttoPolityranking.
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
5
3 DamagingEarthquakesfrom2011intheCATDATDamagingEQDatabase
3.1 WherehavetheCATDATdamagingearthquakesoccurred?
Therehavebeenatleast133damagingearthquakesin2011.Thesehaveoccurredinthefollowing
countries,asshownin thediagrambelow.Notethateventsneedtocorrespondtothecriteriaset
outinthesectionabove.ItwasseenthattheCreteearthquakeofM6.2,withminorcardamage
in
Iraklionandminornon‐structuralhousedamagecausedlessthanthecriterianeededtobeclassified
as a “CATDAT Damaging Earthquake”. There were many other “nearly” CATDAT damaging

earthquakesduring the year that are all reported on earthquake‐report.com before CATDAT
ranking.

Figure3–Thelocationofthe133+CATDATdamagingearthquakesinvariouscountriesduring2011
There have been 27 damaging earthquakes in Japan, mainly aftershocks as a result of the 11th
March Tohoku earthquake, 20 damaging earthquakes in China (up from 15 last year) that are
classified under the CATDAT criteria, 18 damaging earthquakes in Turkey and 17 damaging
earthquakes in New Zealand (mainly in Christchurch
 and as aftershocks of the 21st February
earthquake).
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
6

Figure 4 – The number  of earthquakes per country in the 133+ CATDAT damaging earthquakes in various
countriesduring2011
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
7
3.2 Casualty‐bearing2011earthquakes
Therehavebeenatleast25fatalearthquakesin2011.Theseareshownonthefollowingdiagram.

Figure5–Thefatalearthquakesin2011intheCATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase.
The most fatalities from an earthquake in 2011 were in the Japanese tsunami where over 19000
peoplewerekilled.However,mostofthesefatalitieswereduetothetsunamiwhichwasaresultof
the earthquake. It is unknown how many victims have died directly due to earthquake shaking
action. As
 was reported by earthquake‐report.com from NPA back in April about the first 13135
victims, 92.5% were drowned (12143), 4.4% were crushed to death mainly in tsunami collapsed
houses(578),1.1%wereburnedto deathinvariousfires(148),withotherskilledvia  hypothermia
andothercauses.Itwillnever
beknownhowmanydiedduetotheearthquake,asseparatedfrom

thetsunami;however,theautopsiesgiveusanindicatorthatwecanexpectthatabout1.0%ofthe
4.4%crushedwereprobablyinearthquakecollapsedhouses.
In addition, we can assume a proportion of the remaining 2% that were
 unknown were also
earthquake‐related(ahighvalueof10%couldbeassumed).Thiswouldleaveabout1.2%orabout
158.Whenextrapolatingforthefinal6000 deathsthatwerenotstressorchronicdiseaserelated,
then the total is about 210. This value corresponds quite well to the 137
non‐tsunami impacted
deathsthathavebeenrecordedinthenon‐coastalareas.Someofthenon‐coastaldeaths,however,
wereduetoheartattack,fireorlandslide.
Asof1
st
Janu ary 2012,15844havebeenkilledand3451aremissing(19295intotal).Ofthe19295,
around 600 are assumed to have died from earthquake‐related stress and chronic disease.
Approximately 210 should be earthquake‐collapse related. Around 250 could be related to other
causessuchasfire,landslidesetc.
About94%ofdeathsweretsunamirelated.
Inaddition,atleast36otherinjury‐bear ingearthquakeshaveoccurredintheworld,makingatotal
of61knowncasualty‐bearingearthquakesfor2011.
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
8

Figure6–Thecasualtybearingearthquakesin2011intheCATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase.
The Van earthquakes in Turkey in October and November caused 604 deaths and 40 deaths
respectively.Mostofthesewereduetobuildingcollapse,thuscausingthelargestproportionofthe
1335 shaking‐related fatalities for the year.Christchurch with 181 deaths, mainly due to the
collapseof3reinforcedconcrete
buildings,alsowasalargeevent.

Table1–Listofcasualty‐bearingearthquakesin2011

EQName Cnt.ISO Date
BestEstimateof
Fatalities
Rangeof
Fatalities
Heavy
Injuries
Injuriesor
Slight
Injuries
Haiti ZU 12.01.2010 137000(6‐T)
(46000‐
164000)
 310928
Tohoku,Sendai,
GreatEastern
JP,US,ID,
EC,PE,CL
11.03.2011
19295‐JP(18235‐T,210‐
SHK,250‐F,600‐OTH),1‐
ID,1‐US
(19000‐
19295)
 5652
VanandErcis TR 23.10.2011 604(2‐HA) (604‐604) 4152
Christchurch NZ 21.02.2011 181(10‐L) (181‐185) 164 2000
Myanmar
MM,TH,
LA,CN

24.03.2011 151(10‐L) (75‐151) 212
Sikkim
IN,NP,
CN,BT,
BD
18.09.2011
111(97‐IN,7‐CN,6‐NP,
1‐BD)(some‐L)
(111‐111) many
VanAftershock TR 09.11.2011 40 (40‐40) 260
Yingjiang CN 10.03.2011 26 (26‐26) 134 180
CentralAsia
ZU,KG,
TJ
19.07.2011 14(1‐HA) (14‐14) 35 66
Lorca ES 11.05.2011 9 (9‐10) 3 400
SendaiAftershock JP 07.04.2011 4 (2‐4) 28 268
Guatemala GT 19.09.2011 4(3‐L) (1‐4) 103
EasternHonshu
Aftershock
JP 11.04.2011 4(3‐L) (3‐7) 3 7
SimavKutahya TR 19.05.2011 3(2‐HA) (2‐3) 1 121
SWPakistan PK 18.01.2011 3(2‐HA) (3‐3) 9 0
Singkil ID 05.09.2011 3(2‐HA) (3‐3) 0 0
Guerrero MX 11.12.2011 2 (2‐2) 0 4 
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
9
Kahnuj IR 15.06.2011 2 (2‐2) 0 0
SendaiAftershock JP 11.03.2011 1 (1‐1) 0
inc.11/03

Toh.
MiyagiAftershock JP 11.03.2011 1 (1‐1) 0
inc.11/03
Toh.
Ica PE 28.10.2011 1(1‐L) (1‐1) 16 88
Myanmar MM,IN 04.02.2011 1 (1‐1) unk. Unk.
10kmSEof
Christchurch
NZ 13.06.2011 1(1‐HA) (1‐1) 0 45
SJava ID 03.04.2011 1(1‐HA) (1‐1) 0 0
TamilNadu IN 12.08.2011 1 (1‐1) 0 0
Papua ID 26.06.2011 1 (1‐1) 0 0
20kmNELyttleton
Aftershock
NZ 23.12.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 inc.23/12
Nagano
Aftershock
JP 11.03.2011 0 (0‐0) 0
inc.11/03
Nag.
Nagano
Aftershock2
JP 11.03.2011 0 (0‐0) 0
inc.11/03
Nag.
PahaeJaeDistrict ID 14.06.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 130
Bali ID 13.10.2011 0 (0‐0) 4 86
10kmE
Christchurch
Aftershock

NZ 23.12.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 60
Nagano JP 11.03.2011 0 (0‐0) 1 56
Fujiyama JP 15.03.2011 0 (0‐0) 3 51
SasanGir,
Junagadh
IN 20.10.2011 0 (0‐0) 6 34
Mamasani IR 05.01.2011 0 (0‐0) 22 15
Mindinao PH 07.11.2011 0 (0‐0) 10 21
Christchurch
Aftershock1
NZ 22.02.2011 0 (0‐0) 10 20
AtushiCity CN 11.08.2011 0 (0‐0) 4 17
Haiti ZU 24.06.2011 0  (0‐0) 0 20
Matsumoto JP 29.06.2011 0 (0‐0) 2 13
Sulawesi ID 24.04.2011 0 (0‐0) 1 13
SurugaBay JP 01.08.2011 0 (0‐0) 2 11
Kawauchi JP 30.07.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 11
ToksunCounty CN 08.06.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 7
TengchongCounty CN 20.06.2011 0 (0‐0) 3 3
TengchongCounty
2
CN 09.08.2011 0 (0‐0) 2 4
SouthernIbaraki
Prefecture
JP 16.04.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 6 
Virginia US 23.08.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 5
LuhuoCounty CN 10.04.2011 0  (0‐0) 1 3
Christchurch
Aftershock2
NZ 22.02.2011 0 (0‐0) 1 2

SasanGir,
Junagadh
IN 12.11.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 3
Honshu JP 09.03.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 2
EasternHonshu
Aftershock
JP 12.04.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 2 
Elazig TR 23.06.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 2
MiyagiAftershock JP 19.08.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 2 
Oklahoma US 06.11.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 2 
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
10
GifuPrefecture JP 14.12.2011 0 (0‐0) 1 0
Yangjiang1 CN 01.01.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 1
Yangjiang3 CN 01.02.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 1
Akita JP 01.04.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 1 
Ibaraki JP 20.11.2011 0 (0‐0) 0 1

CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
11
3.3 2011earthquakeswithover100peoplehomelessorrequiringshelter
TheearthquakeswhichimpactedthemostpeopleweretheTohokuearthquake/tsunami,theSikkim
earthquakeintheIndia/Nepal/China/Bhutan/BangladeshregionandtheearthquakeinVan,Turkey.
Althoughgenerally linkedtocasualties,somemajorearthquakeshaveveryfewcasualties,yethigh
numbers of respective homeless.For earthquakes with smaller numbers of homeless people,
estimates
arenotusuallyprovidedandneedtobecalculatedbyredtaggedbuildings,withalowest
estimate being those people living in destroyed buildings. A number of earthquakes in 2011 had
unknownhomelesslevels.
Thenumberofbuildingsdamagedordestroyedineachofthe133damagingearthquakesisshown

inthefollowingdiagram.Over1,000,000buildingsweredamagedintheJapanearthquake/tsunami.

Figure7–Thenumberofbuildingsdamagedordestroyedineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake
Alsoshownistherelativeextentofbuildingdamageincludingdestroyedbuildings,asaratioof0.85
anddamagedbuildingswith0.15.ThisshowstheVan,Sikkim,ChristchurchandJapanearthquakes
ashavingthegreatestextentofdamagethisyear.
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
12

Figure8–Therelativebuildingdamageindexineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake
The Japan earthquake caused the most homeless in 2011 with somewhere between 300000 and
550000 people homeless at some point in the disaster. Many  moved into other forms of
accommodation. Although the casualty toll was not high in Turkey, the calculated number of
homelesswasabout270000,exacerbatedbywinterweather
conditionsandthelowdevelopmentof
theregion.TheSikkimearthquakealsocausedjustunder100000homeless.Othermajorhomeless
tollswereseeninsomeChineseearth quakes.Thenumberofhomelessineachdamagingearthquake
aresummarisedinthefollowingdiagram.

Figure9–Thenumberofhomelesspeopleineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
13
Althoughtheoveralldamagewasmuchreducedbygoodearthqu akebuildingpractice inNZ,dueto
thered taglevelastheresultofliquefactionandhigherpost‐earthquakestandardsinNewZealand
than in many other countries, the Christchurch, N.Z., earthquake has a large number of people
displaced.Mosthave
movedinwithfriendsandfamily,orhavemoved;however,theystillcountas
displacedfromtheirpre‐earthquakestate.6592propertiesarecurrentlyredzonedbyCERA.
Table2–Listofhomeless‐bearingearthquakesin2011
EQName Cnt.ISO Date HomelessRange AffectedRange

Haiti HT 12.01.2010
1850000
(1000000‐2100000)
3200000
(3000000‐4500000)
Tohoku,Sendai,Great
Eastern
JP,US,ID,
EC,PE,CL
11.03.2011
450000(300000‐
550000)
20million+
VanandErcis TR 23.10.2011
272157(200000‐
320000)
1000000
Sikkim
IN,NP,
CN,BT,BD
18.09.2011 85000(70000‐100000) 2000000
Yingjiang CN 10.03.2011 72460 344600
Yangjiang1 CN 01.01.2011 54000 148000
Christchurch NZ 21.02.2011 40000 350000
Mamasani IR 05.01.2011 35000 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
Nilka,Xinjiang CN 01.11.2011 20800 450000
VanEdremit TR 09.11.2011 20000(inc.In23/10) Complex:RefertoCATDAT
Myanmar
MM,TH,
LA,CN

24.03.2011 13000 18000
SimavKutahya TR 19.05.2011 10000 41000
Lorca ES 11.05.2011 5000 150000
AtushiCity CN 11.08.2011 5000 45000
ZhaotongCity CN 12.02.2011 4000 19500
Anqing CN 19.01.2011 3635 37400
CentralAsia ZU,KG,TJ 19.07.2011 3500 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
Ica PE 28.10.2011 2801 13244
PahaeJaeDistrict ID 14.06.2011 2000 18000
LuhuoCounty CN 10.04.2011 1850 29940
ShacheCounty CN 01.12.2011 1450 72576
Yangjiang3 CN 01.02.2011 1000 80600
10kmSEofChristchurch NZ 13.06.2011 1000 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
TengchongCounty2 CN 09.08.2011 1000 180000
10kmEChristchurch
Aftershock
NZ 23.12.2011 1000 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
NangqianCounty CN 26.06.2011 700 79824
Singkil ID 05.09.2011 600 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
SasanGir,Junagadh IN 20.10.2011 600 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
Papua ID 26.06.2011 256 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
SantaRosaSwarm19/07‐
27/08
GT 20.07.2011 250 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
TengchongCounty CN 20.06.2011 200 22000
ToksunCounty CN 08.06.2011 168+ 16174
Mindinao PH 07.11.2011 150 1014
Ruichang,Jiangxi CN 10.09.2011 120 5800
EasternHonshuAftershock JP 11.04.2011 many Complex:RefertoCATDAT
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview

14
EasternHonshuAftershock JP 12.04.2011 many Complex:RefertoCATDAT
SendaiAftershock JP 07.04.2011 some 700000
Elazig TR 23.06.2011 some Complex:RefertoCATDAT
Oklahoma US 06.11.2011 100 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
Yangjiang2 CN 01.01.2011 inc01/01 inc01/01
Guatemala GT 19.09.2011 70 2500
CostaRica CR 12.07.2011 50 Complex:RefertoCATDAT
Huehuetenango GT 29.12.2011 15 125

CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
15
3.4 EconomicLossesfromearthquakesin2011over$5millionUS
Economic losses from earthquakes in 2011 have been dominated by the Tohoku earthquake,
tsunami and nuclear disaster.The combination of these direct losses with the predicted indirect
lossestobeborneoverthenextfewyearshasbeencalculatedtobearound$594billionUS,witha
range of between $479
 billion US and $710 billion US. Of these, direct losses will reach between
$294billionUSand$374billionUS.
Approximately70%ofthecapitalstockisinlandascomparedtoaround30%ofthecapital stockon
the coast in the provinces of Miyagi, Iwate, Fukushima and Ibaraki, according
to the Japanese
CabinetOffice.Extrapolatingthedamageinotherprefectures,theJapaneseCabinetOfficeestimate
should be about $231 billion once $23 billion loss in other prefectures is added. In addition,  the
estimate of the Miyagi Prefecture of incurred direct losses (incomplete as of 17/10/2011) is 11%
greaterthanthe
originalCabinetestimate.Withcurrencychangesandthisincrease,thedirectloss
estimate at this point from the Japanese government appears to be $271 billion (without the
additional$58‐71billionexpectedfromFukushima)(Danielletal.,2011b).
Inthecaseofthe2011Tohokuearthqu akeandtsunami,itis

difficulttoknowthefinaldiscretisation
ofearthquakeandtsunamilosses;however,thepossibleoutcome isabout39%economiclossesdue
totsunami($127billion)and43%duetotheearthquake($144billion),withabout18%duetothe
Fukushimadisaster($59billion).ThedatafromMiyagiprefecturehasshownthese
percentagesto
be realistic. On the other hand, approximately 94.5% of the deaths are expected to be tsunami
related,withonlyasmallpercentage(1.2%)expectedduetoearthquakeshaking.DirectLossesare
in the order of $335 billion, with indirect losses around $260 billion expected with all impacts
combined
(Danielletal.,2011b).
Table 3 – Final loss estimates for the 2011 Tohoku EQ disaggregated for tsunami, powerplant and
earthquakeusingJapaneseandCATDATdataasof18
th
October
InBillionUSD Earthquake Tsunami Powerplant
DirectLossInland 77 0
DirectLossCoastal 48‐81 112‐145
58‐71
TotalDirectLoss 125‐158(42%) 112‐145(39%) 58‐71(19%)
IndirectLoss 69‐132 64‐113 51‐91
TotalEconomicLoss 194‐290(41%) 176‐258(36%) 109‐162(23%)

TheChristchurchearthquakesonthe21
st
February,13
th
Juneand23
rd
Decemberalsohadsignificant
economiclossestotallingwellover$20billionUS.Asa%ofGDP,thisearthquakecausedthehighest

lossesin2011. Muchof thisdamage canbedeemed tohavebeencaused byliquefaction,  withat
least10000homesexpectedtobedeemedtobeon
unliveableland.
TheSikkimearthquakeonthe18
th
September2011wasdeemedtohavecausedatleast1lakhcrore
rupees (1000 billion rupees or $22.3 billion US) damage in Sikkim, as estimated early after the
disaster(SikkimMinistryon21
st
September2011).However,asthenetcapitalstockisatthemost
approximately$3.9billionUS(about200billionrupees)inSikkimaccordingtoCATDAT,itishardto
believetheinitialassessmentoftheministry;thusthisvaluehasbeenignored.
However,amorereliableestimateisapproximately$1.7
billionUSdamagefortotaldamageinIndia.
Inadditionabout$200millionUSdamagewascausedinTibet(China),andslightlyhigherineastern
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
16
Nepal. As well, losses in Bhutan occurred with around 6000 buildings damaged. In total, an
estimated$2.25billionUSdamageoccurred.
Althoughnotcausingahighabsolutevalueofdamage,theVanearthquakeinTurkeycausedalarge
impact on the Van Province. The Van Province GDP can be assumed to
 be around 3.3 billion USD
(2011).Generallysuch disastershavetakenabout15‐33%ofprovincialGDPinthepast,andusinga
factor system to calculate this in the Van Province, around 550 million‐1.25 billion USD is a
reasonableestimate.Outlierestimatessuggestahigherrangeofup
to2.2billionUSD.Vanisoneof
the poorest regions of Turkey. In the rural areas, sheep and cattle farming is a common form of
income.
The Nagano earthquake of 11
th

 March, Fujiyama earthquake of 15
th
 March and the Tohoku
aftershockonthe7
th
Aprilalsocausedsignificantlosses.
The damaging earthquakes of China were dominated by the economic losses from the Yingjiang
earthquakeof$407millionUS(2.687billionCNYor26.87･
元).
In total, 59 earthquakes recorded losses in excess of $5m USD in 2011, as compared to 33
earthquakesin2010.Manyoftheserecordedlosseswerecausedbyaftershocks inChristchurchand
Tohoku.Showninthefollowingdiagramarethelossesofearthquakesin2011.

Figure10–Thedirecteconomiclossesineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake




CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
17
Thenexttableshowsthelossrangeofthemajoreconomiclosseventsin2011.
Table 4 – List of economic losses in earthquakes in 2011 with over $5 million USD or other notable losses
(excludingnucleardisasters)
Earthquake CountryISO DateUTC TotalLossRange(USD)
GDP
(PPP)
(%)
Maule CL 27.02.2010
$30000m($27500m‐$32500m)Total,
$24200mDirect

10.86
Tohoku,Sendai,GreatEastern
EarthquakeandTsunami
JP,US,ID,EC,
PE,CL
11.03.2011
$411000m($370000m‐$548000m)Total
$270300m($237000m‐$303000m)
Direct
8.76
Christchurch NZ 21.02.2011 $16000.00m($15000.00m‐$20000.00m) 12.95
10kmSEofChristchurch NZ 13.06.2011 $3000.00m($2500.00m‐$4830.00m) 2.43
Sikkim
IN,NP,CN,BT,
BD
18.09.2011 $2260.00m($1400.00m‐$2700.00m) <0.1
SendaiAftershock JP 07.04.2011 $2000.00m($1500.00m‐$3000.00m) <0.1
VanandErcis TR 23.10.2011 $1100.00m($550.00m‐$2000.00m) <0.1
Nagano JP 11.03.2011 $1000.00m($500.00m‐$1500.00m) <0.1
Fujiyama JP 15.03.2011 $1000.00m($700.00m‐$2000.00m) <0.1
Yingjiang CN 10.03.2011 $408.67m($408.67m‐$408.67m) <0.1
Matsumoto JP 29.06.2011 $300.00m($200.00m‐$500.00m) <0.1
10kmEChristchurchAftershock NZ 23.12.2011 $300.00m($250.00m‐$500.00m) 0.24
SimavKutahya TR 19.05.2011 $260.00m($260.00m‐$260.00m) <0.1
Virginia US 23.08.2011 $250.00m($200.00m‐$300.00m) <0.1
Myanmar MM,TH,LA,CN 24.03.2011 $120.45m($120.45m‐$120.45m) 0.15
Nilka,Xinjiang CN 01.11.2011 $106.67m($106.67m‐$106.67m) <0.1
Lorca ES 11.05.2011 $90.00m($90.00m‐$215.00m) <0.1
VanEdremit TR 09.11.2011 $75.00m($55.00m‐$100.00m) <0.1
ChristchurchAftershock1 NZ 22.02.2011 $50.00m($35.00m‐$100.00m) <0.1

10kmEofChristchurch NZ 13.06.2011 $50.00m($50.00m‐$50.00m) <0.1
Oklahoma US 06.11.2011 $50.00m($15.00m‐$75.00m) <0.1
TengchongCounty CN 20.06.2011 $43.00m($43.00m‐$43.00m) <0.1
Anqing CN 19.01.2011 $35.87m($35.87m‐$35.87m) <0.1
LorcaForeshock ES 11.05.2011 $35.00m($35.00m‐$35.00m) <0.1
10kmNEDiamondHarbour
Aftershock
NZ 16.04.2011 $30.00m($7.00m‐$40.00m) <0.1
20kmNELyttletonAftershock NZ 23.12.2011 $30.00m($20.00m‐$50.00m) <0.1
AtushiCity CN 11.08.2011 $28.53m($28.53m‐$28.53m) <0.1
10kmSWofChristchurch NZ 19.01.2011 $25.98m($17.32m‐$34.64m) <0.1
ChristchurchAftershock2 NZ 22.02.2011 $25.00m($25.00m‐$25.00m) <0.1
CentralAsia ZU,KG,TJ 19.07.2011 $25.00m($20.00m‐$30.00m) <0.1
LuhuoCounty CN 10.04.2011 $24.69m($24.69m‐$24.69m) <0.1
Ica PE 28.10.2011 $24.48m($12.24m‐$48.95m) <0.1
TengchongCounty2 CN 09.08.2011 $23.35m($23.35m‐$23.35m) <0.1
20kmSWofChristchurch NZ 04.02.2011 $21.38m($14.25m‐$28.50m) <0.1
Kecsked HU 29.01.2011 $15.00m($5.00m‐$15.00m) <0.1
Hornby NZ 21.06.2011 $15.00m($12.00m‐$25.00m) <0.1
ToksunCounty CN 08.06.2011 $14.23m($14.23m‐$14.23m) <0.1
ChristchurchAftershock NZ 09.10.2011 $13.00m($10.00m‐$18.00m) <0.1
Ruichang,Jiangxi CN 10.09.2011 $12.25m($12.25m‐$12.25m) <0.1
NangqianCounty CN 26.06.2011 $10.04m($10.04m‐$10.04m) <0.1
10kmEChristchurchAftershock NZ 20.03.2011 $10.00m($5.00m‐$25.00m) <0.1
CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
18
Singkil ID 05.09.2011 $9.38m($5.86m‐$9.38m) <0.1
ZhaotongCity CN 12.02.2011 $8.51m($8.51m‐$8.51m) <0.1
ShacheCounty CN 01.12.2011 $7.64m($7.64m‐$7.64m) <0.1
Elazig TR 23.06.2011 $7.60m($1.69m‐$10.14m) <0.1

Yangjiang1 CN 01.01.2011 $7.54m($7.54m‐$7.54m) <0.1
VanAftershock TR 08.11.2011 $6.57m($1.46m‐$8.76m) <0.1
20kmSWofChristchurch NZ 05.06.2011 $6.00m($3.00m‐$11.00m) <0.1
Guerrero MX 11.12.2011 $5.20m($2.40m‐$12.00m) <0.1
Gifu JP 26.02.2011 $5.00m($5.00m‐$5.00m) <0.1
Canterbury NZ 10.05.2011 $5.00m($2.00m‐$10.00m) <0.1
CookStrait NZ 03.12.2011 $5.00m($2.00m‐$10.00m) <0.1
AmurskayaOblast,Russia RU 14.10.2011 $5.00m($2.00m‐$10.00m) <0.1
SendaiAftershock JP 11.03.2011 inc.11/3Tohoku <0.1
MiyagiAftershock JP 11.03.2011 inc.11/3Tohoku <0.1
NaganoAftershock JP 11.03.2011 inc.11/3Nagano <0.1
NaganoAftershock2 JP 11.03.2011 inc.11/3Nagano <0.1
VanAftershock1 TR 23.10.2011 inc.23/10Van <0.1
VanAftershock2 TR 23.10.2011 inc.23/10Van <0.1
VanAftershock3 TR 25.10.2011 inc.23/10Van <0.1
    
KutahyaSimavAftershock TR 27.05.2011 $3.48m($0.77m‐$4.63m) <0.1
Van/MerkezAftershock TR 15.11.2011 $3.27m($0.73m‐$4.37m) <0.1
Tcuman AR 21.02.2011 $2.50m($1.00m‐$5.00m) <0.1
Cilacap ID 03.04.2011 $2.44m($2.44m‐$2.44m) <0.1
PahaeJaeDistrict ID 14.06.2011 $2.34m($0.82m‐$2.34m) <0.1
Gansu,Sichuan CN 31.10.2011 $2.15m($2.15m‐$2.15m) <0.1
Guatemala GT 19.09.2011 $2.00m($1.50m‐$2.40m) <0.1
Myanmar MM,IN 04.02.2011 $1.10m($0.20m‐$1.50m) <0.1
Hakkari/Yuksekova TR 27.10.2011 $0.99m($0.22m‐$1.31m) <0.1
Hakkari/Cukurca TR 02.11.2011 $0.99m($0.22m‐$1.31m) <0.1
Soroako ID 15.02.2011 $0.93m($0.79m‐$1.07m) <0.1
Yunnan/SichuanBorder CN 15.04.2011 $0.91m($0.91m‐$0.91m)  <0.1
Yangjiang3 CN 01.02.2011 $0.76m($0.60m‐$1.00m) <0.1
20kmNSpringfieldAftershock NZ 29.04.2011 $0.75m($0.50m‐$1.00m) <0.1

DingxiCityZhangxianMinxian CN 01.11.2011 $0.71m($0.71m‐$0.71m) <0.1
KutahyaSimavAftershock3 TR 28.05.2011 $0.62m($0.14m‐$0.83m) <0.1
Sulawesi ID 24.04.2011 $0.60m($0.50m‐$0.80m) <0.1
KutahyaSimavAftershock3 TR 03.07.2011 $0.58m($0.13m‐$0.77m) <0.1
Yangjiang2 CN 01.01.2011 $0.50m($0.50m‐$0.50m) <0.1
CoalBumpPaonia US 17.02.2011 $0.50m($0.50m‐$0.50m) <0.1
KecamatanCisarua ID 28.08.2011 $0.50m($0.20m‐$0.70m) <0.1
SantaRosaSwarm19/07‐27/08 GT 20.07.2011 $0.50m($0.30m‐$1.00m) <0.1
MarmaraDenizi TR 25.07.2011 $0.48m($0.11m‐$0.64m) <0.1
Mindinao PH 07.11.2011 $0.37m($0.37m‐$0.37m) <0.1
Bali ID 13.10.2011 $0.35m($0.35m‐$0.35m) <0.1
Bilecik/Merkez TR 11.07.2011 $0.27m($0.06m‐$0.36m) <0.1
CostaRica CR 12.07.2011 $0.25m($0.20m‐$0.40m) <0.1
EgeDenizi TR 23.04.2011 $0.20m($0.08m‐$0.25m) <0.1
Eritrea–NabroVolcano ER,ET 12.06.2011 $0.12m($0.04m‐$0.38m) <0.1
Eritrea–NabroVolcano ER,ET 17.06.2011 $0.12m($0.04m‐$0.38m) <0.1

CATDATDamagingEarthquakesDatabase–2011–TheYearinReview
19
3.5 InsuredLossesfromearthquakesin2011sofar.
The losses in the reinsura nce domain for 2011 have been the largest cumulative annual loss in
historyforearthquakes.Thiswillbeseeninthefollowingsection.

Figure11–Theinsuredeconomiclossesineach2011CATDATdamagingearthquake
Thetablebelowshowstheinsuredlossrangesforeachdamagingearthquakewithinsurancelossin
2011.Manymoredetailsareavailableonearthquake‐report.com.
Table5–Listofinsuredlossesinearthquakesin2011sofarover$1m
Earthquake CountryISO Date InsuredLossRange
Maule CL 27.02.2010 $8500m($7566m‐$12000m)
Tohoku,Sendai,GreatEastern

JP,US,ID,EC,
PE,CL
11.03.2011 $36000.00m($29400.00m‐$45000.00m)
Christchurch NZ 21.02.2011 $13000.00m($11000.00m‐$16250.00m)
10kmSEofChristchurch NZ 13.06.2011 $2340.00m($1950.00m‐$3924.38m)
Fujiyama JP 15.03.2011 $400.00m($110.00m‐$500.00m)
10kmEChristchurchAftershock NZ 23.12.2011 $243.75m($203.13m‐$406.25m)
SendaiAftershock JP 07.04.2011 $220.00m($165.00m‐$330.00m)
Nagano JP 11.03.2011 $110.00m($55.00m‐$165.00m)
Lorca ES 11.05.2011 $99.00m($99.00m‐$125.00m)
Virginia US 23.08.2011 $50.00m($50.00m‐$100.00m)
VanandErcis TR 23.10.2011 $44.00m($24.20m‐$200.00m)
ChristchurchAftershock1 NZ 22.02.2011 $40.63m($28.44m‐$81.25m)
10kmEofChristchurch NZ 13.06.2011 $40.63m($40.63m‐$40.63m)
Matsumoto JP 29.06.2011 $33.00m($22.00m‐$55.00m)
10kmNEDiamondHarbour
Aftershock
NZ 16.04.2011 $24.38m($5.69m‐$32.50m)
20kmNELyttletonAftershock NZ 23.12.2011 $24.38m($16.25m‐$40.63m)
ChristchurchAftershock2 NZ 22.02.2011 $20.31m($20.31m‐$20.31m)