Quantum gravity, generalized theory of gravitation, and superstring theory based unification mintz,perlmutter

Quantum Gravity, Generalized
Theory of Gravitation, and
SuperstringTheory
-
Based
Unification
This page intentionally left blank.
Quantum Gravity, Generalized
Theory of Gravitation, and
Superstring Theory
-
Based
Unification
Edited by
Behram N. Kursunoglu
Stephan L. Mintz
Global Foundation Inc
Coral Gables, Florida
FlorirdaInternationalUniversity
Miami, Florida
and
Arnold Perlmutter
University of Miami
Coral Gables. Florida
Kluwer Academic Publishers
New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow
eBook ISBN: 0-306-47104-3
Print ISBN: 0-306-46485-3
©2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow

All rights reserved
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PREFACE
“Orbis Scientiae 1999” constitutes the 28
th
conference on High Energy Physics
and Cosmology that were begun in 1964. It has now become an institution by itself
under the aegis of which the physicists convene annually in South Florida. It created a
Belle Époque in Coral Gables. The series of Orbis Scientiae started with the participants
of highest distinction in physics of the 20
th
Century. After its first two decades the
conferences have been placed in the hands of younger and promising physicists.
The 1999 meeting was the last conference of the millennium. The topics that
were covered did not give the impression of laying the foundations of great
advancements in theoretical physics. Work on such concepts as strings or super strings,
is being actively pursued. It is ofcourse true that revolutions in physics are not frequent.
Finding the neutrino massiveness was quite exciting but did not provide enough basis for
further progress in the field of neutrino physics.
Recent efforts with regard to extensive studies, gamma ray bursts do manifest
themselves as exceptionally important events. There are many papers in the literature
studying theoretical implications of the energy dependence of the gamma rays. In this
field one of us (Kursunoglu) had published a paper in the Physical Review in 1975. Our
first conference in 2000 or rather its Orbis Scientiae will certainly contain some topics on
this matter.
It is quite conceivable that in the Big Bang creation of the Universe, very high

-
energy dependent gamma rays must have played an important role especially causing
very fast initial expansion of the early Universe. This may well have been the
mechanism for the existence of the so
-
called inflationary behavior of the process of
creation. We are looking forward to the Orbis Scientiae 2000 to include in its program
this subject matter.
The Chairman and Trustees of the Global Foundation, Inc. wish to gratefully
acknowledge the generous support of this conference by Lady Blanka Rosenstiel,
Founder and President of the American Institute of Polish Culture, Chopin Foundation
and Honorary Consul of the Republic of Poland in Miami, and to Dr. and Mrs. Edward
Bacinich of Palm Beach, Florida
Behram N. Kursunoglu
Stephan L. Mintz
Arnold Perlmutter
Coral Gables, Florida
V
About the Global Foundation, Inc.
The Global Foundation, Inc., which was established in 1977, utilizes the world's
most important resource people. The Foundation consists of distinguished men and
women of science and learning, and of outstanding achievers and entrepreneurs from
industry, governments, and international organizations, along with promising and
enthusiastic young people. These people convene to form a unique and distinguished
interdisciplinary entity to address global issues requiring global solutions and to work on
the frontierproblems of science.
Global Foundation Board of Trustees
Behram N. Kursunoglu,Global Foundation, Inc., Chairman of theBoard,Coral Gables.
M. Jean Couture, Former Secretary of Energy of France, Paris
Manfred Eigen*,Max

-
Planck
-
Institut,Göttingen
Willis E. Lamb*, Jr., Universityof Arizona
LouisNéeI*, Université de Gronoble, France
RichardWilson,HarvardUniversity
Henry King Stanford, President Emeritus, Universities of Miami and Georgia
Former Trustees
Robert Herman, University of Texas
RobertHofstadter*, StanfordUniversity
WalterC. Marshall, LordMarshall of Goring
FrederickReines*,Irvine, California
AbdusSalam*,Trieste,Italy
GlennT. Seaborg*, Berkeley, California
Eugene P. Wigner*, Princeton University
Lord Solly Zuckerman, London
*Nobel Laureate
vi
GLOBAL FOUNDATION'S RECENT CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
Making the Market Right for the Efficient Use of Energy
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu
Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, 1992
Unified Symmetry in the Small and in the Large
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, and Arnold Perlmutter
Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, 1993
Unified Symmetry in the Small and in the Large
-
1
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephen Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter

Plenum Press, 1994
Unified Symmetry in the Small and in the Large
-
2
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephen Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1995
Global Energy Demand in Transition: The New Role of Electricity
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephen Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1996
Economics and Politics of Energy
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephen Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1996
Neutrino Mass, Dark Matter, Gravitational Waves, Condensation of Atoms
and Monopoles, Light Cone Quantization
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephen Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1996
Technology for the Global Economic, Environmental Survival and
Prosperity
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephen Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1997
25th Coral Gables Conference on High Energy Physics and Cosmology
vii
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephen Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1997
Environment and Nuclear Energy
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephan Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1998
Physics of Mass
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephan Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1999

Preparing the Ground for Renewal of Nuclear Power
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephan Mintz, and Amold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1999
Confluence of Cosmology, Massive Neutrinos, Elementary Particles &
Gravitation
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephan Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 1999
International Energy Forum 1999
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephan Mintz and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 2000
International Conference on Orbis Scientiae 1999
Quantum Gravity, Generalized Theory of Gravitation and Superstring
Theory
-
based Unification
Edited by: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Stephan Mintz, and Arnold Perlmutter
Plenum Press, 2000
viii
Gl
•
bal
Foundation, Inc.
A Nonprofit Organization for Global Issues Requiring Global Solutions,
and for problems on the Frontiers of Science
Center for Theoretical Studies
MILLENNIUM’S LAST
INTE
RNATIONAL
C
ONFERENCE

O
RBI
S S
C
IENTIAE
1999
ON
Q
UANTUM
GRAVITY, GENERALIZED THEORYOFGRAVITATION
AND SUPERSTRING THEORY-BASED UNlFlCATlON
(28
th
Conference on High EnergyPhysics
and Cosmology Since 1964)
December
16
-
19, 1999
Lago Mar Resort
Fort Lauderdale, Florida
This conference is supported in part by
National Science Foundation
Alpha Omega Research Foundation
Lady Blanka Rosenstiel
Sponsored by:
Conference Hotel:
GlobalFoundationInc. Lago MarResort
P. O. Box 249055
Coral Gables, Florida 33124

-
9055
Phone: (305) 669
-
9411
E
-
mail: Fax: (954) 524
-
6627
Web: />1700 South Ocean Lane
Fort Lauderdale. Florida 33316
Reservations: 1
-
800
-
255
-
5246
Fax: (305) 669
-
9464
(954) 523
-
6511
The special group rate: $120/night
One
-
bedroom suite w/ Ocean view
IX

D
E
D
I
C
A
T
I
O
N
The trustees of the Global Foundation and members of the 28th Orbis
Scientiae 1999, dedicate this conference to Dr. Joseph Lannutti of
Florida State University. The late Professor Lannutti was a loyal and
active member of this series of conferences on the frontiers of physics
since 1964. He also served as a member of Global Foundation's
Advisory Board. Professor Lannutti was instrumental in bringing
experimental research in high energy physics to Florida. We shall all
miss Joseph. We extend our deepest condolences to his wife Peggy
Lannutti and all the other members of his family.

NOTES

1. Each presentation is allotted a maximum of 25 minutes and an
additional 5 minutes forquestions.
2. Moderators are requested not to exceed the time allotted for their
sessions.
Moderator: Presides over a session. Delivers a paper in own
session, if desired, or makes general opening remarks.
Presents a paper and submits it for publication in the
conference proceedings at the conclusion of the

conference.
Comments on the dissertator's presentation or asks
questions about same upon invitation by the moderator.
Dissertator:
Annotator:
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
1. The conference portfolio given to you at registration contains
instructions to the authors from the publisher for preparing
typescripts for the conference proceedings.
2. Papers must be received at the Global Foundation by February 15,
2000.
3. An edited Conference Proceedings will be submitted to the
Publisher by March 14, 2000.
x
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Dr. Behram N. Kursunoglu Dr. Henry King Stanford
Chairman President Emeritus
Global Foundation, Inc. Universities of Miami and Georgia
Mr. Jean Couture Dr. RichardWilson
Pans, France Harvard University
Dr. Manfred Eigen*
Göttingen, Germany
Dr. Willis E. Lamb*
Tucson, Arizona Vice
-
president, Global Foundation
Dr. Arnold Perlmutter
Secretary ofthe Global Foundation
University of Miami
Mrs. SevdaA. Kursunoglu

GlobalFoundation, Inc.
Dr. Louis Neel*
Meudon, France
FORMER TRUSTEES
Robert Herman Abdus Salam*
University of Texas Trieste, Italy
Robert Hofstadter* Glenn T. Seaborg*
Stanford University Berkeley California
WalterC. Marshall EugeneP. Wigner*
Lord Marshall ofGoring PrincetonUniversity
Frederick Reines* Lord Solly Zuckerman
Irvine, California London, UK
*Nobel Laureate
xi
INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Ralph A. Alhper William Louis
Nicola Cabibbo Sydney Meshkov
Instituto Nazionale de Fisica CALTECH
Nucleare, Rome
Louise Dolan Yoichiro Nambu
University of North Carolina
Harald Fritzsch Pierre Ramond
Sektion Physik der Universität
Munich
Morton Hamermesh Arnold Perlmutter
University of Minnesota
Alan Krisch Paul Frampton
University of Michigan
V. Alan Kostelecky
Indiana University Vigdor L. Teplitz

Union College LANL
University of Chicago
University of Florida
University of Miami
University ofNorth
Carolina
SouthernMethodist
University
xii
ORBIS SCIENTIAE 1999
PROGRAM
Thursday,December 16,1999

LAKEVIEW
ROOM
8:00 AM
Registration
1:30PM
SESSIONI:
Cosmological Parameters Unifying Elementary
Particle Physics and Cosmology I
Moderator: Behram N. Kursunoglu, Global Foundation, Inc.
“The Ascent of Gravity”
Annotators: Gerald Eigen, University of Bergen, Norway
Session Organizer:
Behram N. Kursunoglu
3:00PM
Coffee Break
3:15 PM SESSION II: Cosmological Parameters Unifying Elementary
Particle Physics and Cosmology

II
Paul H. Frampton, University of North Carolina
Moderator:
Dissertators: Alexander Vilenkin, Tufts University
“Eternal Inflation and the Present Universe”
Thomas W. Kephart
, Vanderbilt University
“Cosmic Rays, Cosmic Magnetic Fields and
Monopoles”
Paul Frampton,
“Conformality, Particle Phenomenology and
the Cosmological Constant”
Annotator: Sarada Rajeev, Rochester University
Session Organizer: Paul Frampton
4:45 PM
SESSION III:
Superstring Theory Based Unification
Louise Dolan, University of North CarolinaModerator:
Dissertators: Louise Dolan,
“Superstrings on Anti
-
de Sitter Space”
xiii
ErginSezgin,Texas A&MUniversity
“Branes, Singletons andHigherSpin Gauge
Theories”
Stephan L. Mintz, Florida International University
“Weak Production of
^
and S

°
by Electron
Scattering from Protons and theWeak Strangeness
-
changing current”
RichardArnowitt,Texas A&M University
Anotator:
SessionOrganizer: LouiseDolan
6:15PM
Orbis Scientiae adjourns for the day
Friday,December17, 1999
8:30
AM
SESSIONIV: Neutrinos: Theoryand Experiment
Moderator: Pierre Ramond, University of Florida
Dissertators: Steve Barr, University of Delaware
“Neutrino Oscillations, Some Theoretical ideas”
Wojciech Gajewski, University of California, Irvine
“SuperKamiokande Results”
Jon Urheim, University of Minnesota
“Long Baseline Neutrino Experiments”
Annotator:
Stephan L. Mintz, Florida International University
SessionOrganizer: PierreRamond
10:00
AM
CoffeeBreak
10:15
AM
SESSION V: Recent Progresson Old and New Ideas I

Moderator: Arnold Perlmutter,University ofMiami
Dissertators: A.J. Meyer II, Optonline, NewYork
“The Unification ofG and e “ (15 minutes)
OsherDoctorow, CulverCity, CA
“Quantum Gravity” (15 minutes)
xiv
Freydoon Mansouri, University of Cincinnati
“AdS Black Holes, their Microstructure, and Their
Entropy”
Richard P. Woodard, University of Florida
“An Invariant Operator Which Measures the Local
Expansion of Space
-
time”
Annotator : Doris Rosenblum Southern Methodist University
Session Organizer: Arnold Perlmutter
12:00 PM Lunch Break
1:30 PM SESSION VI: Recent Progress on Old and New Ideas II
Moderator: Don Lichtenberg, Indiana University
Dissertators:
Thomas Ferbel, University of Rochester
“An Update on the Top Quark”
Thomas Curtright, University of Miami
“Phase
-
Space Quantization of Field Theory”
Pran Nath, Northeastern University
“CP Violation Effects on the Supersymmetric
Muon Anomaly”
Annotator:

Alan Krisch, University of Michigan
Session Organizer: Don Lichtenberg
3:00PM
Coffee Break
3:15 PM
SESSION VII: CPT and Lorentz Symmetry
Moderator : Robert Bluhm, Colby College
Dissertators : Alan Kostelecky, Indiana University
‘‘Theory and Tests of Lorentz and CPT Violation”
Blayne Heckel, University of Washington
“Torsion
-
balance Test of Lorentz Invariance”
Ron Walsworth, Harvard
-
Smithsonian Center
‘‘ New Clock
-
Comparison Tests Of Lorentz Violation”
Annotator: Pran Nath
Session Organizer: Alan Kostelecky
xv
4:45PM
SESSION VIII: Recent Progresson Old and New Ideas III
Moderator:
Vigdor L. Tepiitz, SouthernMethodist University
Dissertators: Vigdor L. Tepiitz
‘
’
DetectingStronglyInteractingMassiveParticles”

DonLichtenberg
“Whither Hadron Supersymmetry”
RichardArnowitt,TexasA&M University
‘CP Violating Phases In D
-
brane and Other
Models’’
Annotator: Frederick Zechariasen, CALTECH
SessionOrganizer: VigdorL.Teplitz
6:00 PM
6:30PM
Orbis Scientiae adjourns for the day
WELCOMING COCKTAILS. FOUNTAINVIEW LOBBY
Courtesy of Lago Mar Resort
7:30 PM
CONFERENCE BANQUET, PALM GARDEN ROOM
Courtesy of Maria and Edward Bacinich
Murray Gell
-
Mann (Invited) , Santa Fe Institute
“AfterDinnerAddress to Orbis Scientiae 1999”
Saturday, December 18, 1999
8:30AM
SESSION IX:
Moderator:
Dissertators:
New Ideas
Pierre Ramond, University of Florida
Kevin McFarland, University of Rochester
“Muon Storage Rings”

Konstantin Matchev, Fermi Laboratory
“What is new with New Dimensions”
xvi
Igor R. Klebanov. Princeton University
“Breaking Supersymmetry in the AdS/CFT
Correspondence”
Anotator: S.M. Trochin, IHEP
-
Protvino
Session Organizer: Pierre Ramond
10:30AM CoffeeBreak
10:45AM SESSION X: Spin of the Proton
Moderator:
Alan Krisch, University of Michigan
Dissertators: L.D. Soloviev, IHEP
-
Protvino
“Meson Masses and Spin Structure in the string
W. T.Lorenzon, University of Michigan
“ the Spin Content of the Proton”
S.M. Troshin, IHEP
-
Protvino
“Unitarity Bounds on Helicity
-
Flip Amplitudes
In Elastic p
-
p Scattering”
Annotator: Behram N. Kursunoglu

Quark Model”
Session Organizer: Alan Krisch
12:15PM
Orbis Scientiae adjourns for the day
Sunday, December 19, 1999
9:00AM
SESSION XI:
Recent Progress on Old and New Ideas IV
Moderator: Sydney Meshkov, CALTECH
Dissertators: Sarada Rajeev, University of Rochester
‘Tarton Model and Structure Functions from QCD”
Robert Bluhm , Colby College
“Searching for Spontaneous Lorentz Symmetry
Breaking in the Ground State of Hydrogen”
Glampiero Mancinelll, Stanford University
“Performances and First Results from BaBar”
xvii
Annotator: Alan Kostelecky
10:15 AM Coffee Break
10:30 AM
SESSION XII: The Latest Developments In High Energy
Physics and Cosmology
Moderator: Sydney Meshkov, CALTECH
Dissertators: Gerald Eigen , University of Bergen, Norway
“CP violation, A Key for Understanding Our
Universe”
Francis Halzen, Wisconsin Madison
Sydney Meshkov
“Current Status of LIGO”
Annotator: Pierre Ramond

Session Organizer: Sydney Meshkov
12:30 PM
Orbis Scientiae 1999 Adjourns
xviii
CONTENTS
SECTION I
Cosmological Parameters
Unifying Elementary Particle Physics
and Cosmology
Variable Speed of Light Cosmology 3
BehramN. Kursunoglu
Energy Dependence of the Speed of Light Emerging from Cosmic Regions 9
Arnold Perlmutter
Conformality, Particle Phenomenology and the Cosmological Constant 13
Paul H. Frampton
Eternal Inflationand the PresentUniverse 25
Alexander Vilenkin
Cosmic Rays, Cosmic Magnetic Fields, and Magnetic Monopoles 33
Thomas W. Kephart, Thomas J. Weiler, and StuartD. Wick
SECTION II
Super Strings and Black Holes
Vertex Operators for Strings onAnti –De Sitter Space 43
L.Dolan
The Structure of a Source Modified WZW Theory 53
Sharmanthie Fernando and Freydoon Mansouri
xix
SECTION III
Recent Progress on New and Old Ideas I
The Unification of the Gravitational Constant G, with the Electric Charge, e, Viaan
ExtendedNon

-
Stationary,Axi-Symmetric, Space
-
Timeand Corresponding
Thermodynamics– The Super Spin Model 63
A.J. MeyerII
Magnetic Monopoles, MassiveNeutrinos and GravitationViaLogical –Experimental
UnificationTheory (LEUT)and Kursunoglu’s Theory 89
Osher Doctorow
SECTION IV
Recent Progress inNew and Old Ideas II
An Update onthe Properties of theTop Quark 101
T.Ferbel
The Supersymmetric Muon Anomaly
1 1 1
Pran Nath
Schrödinger’sCataplex 121
The Weak Production of Neutral Hyperonsin Electron Proton Scattering 133
Thomas Cutright
S.L.Mintz
SECTION V
CPT, Lorentz Symmetry, andNeutrino Oscillation
Torsion Balance Test of Spin Coupled Forces 153
Blayne R. Heckel, Eric G. Adelberger, JensH. Gandlach, Michael G. Harris,
and H. Erick Swanson
Recent Results in Lorentz and CPT Tests 1 61
V.AlanKostelecky
Searching for Lorentz Violation in the GroundState of Hydrogen 173
Robert Bluhm, V. Alan Kostelecky, andNeil Russell
xx

Neutrino Oscillations: SomeTheoretical Ideas 181
Stephen M. Barr
SECTION VI
Recent Progress on New and Old Ideas III
SIMP (StronglyInteractingMassive Particle) Search 197
Vigdor L. Teplitz, RabindraN. Mohapatra, FredOlness, and
Ryszard Stroynowski
WitherHadron Supersymmetry 203
The Mysteryof Nucleon Spin 209
D.B. Lichtenberg
W.Lorenzon
Performance and First Results fromBABAR 217
Giampiero Macinelli
Index 227
xxi
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Quantum Gravity, Generalized
Theory of Gravitation, and
Superstring Theory
-
Based
Unification
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