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QUAN TRj-QUANLY

TINH TRANG NHIN NHAN TIEU CUC
TRONG CACH SONG HIEN TAI CUA GlCfl TRE
• N G U Y I N TAN DANH

TOM TAT:
Stf nhin nhan tieu ctfc thtfdng xuyen xay ra d mdt sd kbdng nhd thanh thie'u nien gan day da
trd Ihanh mdt \Kn di can phai Iri lieu ea'p bach, trffdc khi nd phat tridn thanh mdt vS'n dd Snh
hffdng dd'n cS'u true xa hdi. Qua bai vie't nay, chung ta ciing nhin nh^n van dd tidu cffc cua mdt
bd phan gidi tre Vidt Nam, xua't phat la ttf nhffng hanh dgng, ldi ndi, suy nghi khdng lanh manh,
tff dd chung ta can xay dffng mdt chuan mffc td't hdn.
TiJf khda: Tieu cffc, tinh than, nhin nban tieu cffc, gidi tre.

1. Dat van de
Tieu cffc la mgt van dd ma la can pbai dieu
htfdng mdt each hdp ly de chinh no khdng lam
dnh htfdng de'n tinh than cung nhtf kha nang dtfa
ra quye't dinh ciia chinh ban than ngffdi do. Cac
ban tre la nhtfng ngtfdi sau nay se ganh vac stf
menh cua da't ntfdc, nhtfng cd le ehiing ta da ap
dat nhidu stf mong mdi len ho khie'n cho nhffng
ap Itfc nay ed the lam hg thay doi each suy nghT
ve cudc sd'ng. Nhin nhan tidu ctfc khdng phai la
mdt can benh, nhtfng nd cd the lan tda nhtf mdt
dich benh, ta't ca nhtfng gi can lam la gieo mdt y
tffdng tieu cffc thi ca tam ly cua hg cung se bi
anh hffdng.
2. Noi dung
2.1. Mot so'suy nghi vi hdnh vi tieu ctfc cua
gidi tre

Theo Nguydn Thi Bich Hang (2017), bai viet
"Ld'i sd'ng tidu ctfc ciia mdt bg phan gidi tre Viet
Nam hien nay dtfdi lang kinh hgc thuye't hanh vi
con ngtfdi cua Freud", nhffng ly do, hien thtfc cua
viec nhin nhan tieu ctfc trong gidi tre ttf Id'i sd'ng
"ly giai nguyen nhan ngi smh dan dd'n hanh vi
ciia mgt sd' Id'i sd'ng lieu ctfc cua gidi tre dtfdc dfln
giai nhtf "ld'i sd'ng hanh xff bao Itfc coi thtfdng

phap luat (hanh xtf bao Itfc); ld'i sd'ng hdi hdt, a
dua dua ddi (van nan dua xe trai phep); ld'i sd'ng
budng tha ban than (ddng tinh luye'n ai). "[2]
Ld'i sd'ng thtfc dung chay iheo cac trao Iffu
"tbdi Ihffdng" dffde du nhap vao Viet Nam vdi id'c
do lan truydn ra't nhanh va dang cd anh hffdng kha
manh me dd'i vdi mdt bd phan gidi tre. Vdi cac
din lieu phong phu va dien hinh dtfde cap nhat
trong luan an, tac gia chi ra rang, mac du xu
hffdng ld'i sd'ng lieu ctfc eting eac trao ltfu van
hda, Iff tffdng hffdng thu, suy thoai dao dtfc, mat
phtfdng htfdng, bao itfc, coi thffdng phap luat, vd
cam ehi cd d mdt bg phan gidi tre hien nay, song
nd da d mtfc bao ddng gay btfc xiie trong dtf luan
xa hdi va la mdt trong nhtfng van nan ma toan
Dang, loan dan va Nha ntfdc phai kien tn phdng
chd'ng va itm ra cac bien phap de giao due chinh
tn ttf ttfdng eho the he tre ngay nay.[2]
2.2. Nhffng suy nghi tieu ctfc cua gidi tre vd
dnh hudng cua nd
Nhffng suy ngbi khdng td't ay la nhffng tinh

hud'ng ttfdng chtfng nhtf khdng hen quan den stf
viec, nhtfng ehi vdi mgt each nhin tieu ctfc thi mgi
va'n dd se bi ehi phd'i bdi each nhin khdng lac
quan do. Tieu cifc eung cd nhieu each ggi khac

So 13-Thdng 7/2019 133


lAPCHlCONGlHinfNB

nhtf la eiing thang (stress), suy nghi ddc hai,...
nhtfng chinh ban than nhffng ngffdi tre lai la
nhtfng tac nhan dan de'n viee Iran lan tieu etfe
trong cudc sd'ng hien nay.
Tbeo Ohla Jin (2019), so' Itfdng ngtfdi trong
vung do tudi 40, 50 va 60 dtfde dat vao viing phan
cap tha'p, nam irong nhdm ed li le ttf ttf thS'p nha't.
Ngtfde lai, gidi tre trong cac vung do tudi 30, 20
va dac biet vung dd tudi dtfdi 19 khdng cd da'u
hieu di xud'ng.[5]
2.3. Khdo sdty kie'n
De hd trd cho bai vie't, mdt cudc khao sat ngan
da dtfdc thtfc hien va thu thap dtfdc nhieu y kie'n
ttf eae ban tre trong cac vung do tudi dtfdi 18, ttf
18 ludl de'n 25 va do ludi 25 trd len. Dong thdi
cdn cd stf hd Ird eua eac ban hgc sinh, sinh vien
va ngay ca nhtfng ban tre di Iam sdm d cac cdng
ly khac nhau thudc thanh phd' Hd Chi Minh va
eae tinh lan can. Ly do chgn cae dd'i ttfdng ban
tre nay khao sal la dd do Itfdng suy nghT tam li, so

sanh htfdng nhin cung nhtf each danh gia stf viec
cua eae ban ay.
Pham vi nghien ctfu cua bai vie't chii yd'u chu
trgng vao nhtfng ngffdi Ire tudi. Tuy nhien, eung
cd nhffng pham trii ebtfa dtfdc chu trgng he't, nha't
la nhffng htfdng di nhd cua van de nay.
2.4. Thdo luan van de
Bang 1. Do tuoi tham gia khdo sdt

DuaMStudi

Tren18tu6i,
du'6'i 25 tudi

tren25tu6i,
dudi 30 tudi

Dau tien, de khoanh viing doi itfdng ehu ye'u la
ngtfdi tre. Bang khao sat da dffde phan tich va dung
vung do tudi khi ndi de'n "ngffdi tre "d day la ttf dd
ludi tren 18 tudi va dtfdi 25 tuoi. Vao thdi diem do
tudi nay, con ngtfdi bSt dau thay doi nhffng each
nhin eOng nhtf quan diem ve ld'i sdng do stfc anh

134 So 13-Thdng 7/2019

htfdng eua sff thay ddi vd linh trang, tinb than cung
nhff trach nhiem can ganh viic do vao vung dd tudi
sau la tbdi diem ma eon ngtfdi cd nhidu thay ddi
nha'l ve the chat cung nhtf each nhin.

Tuy nhien, khdng loai trtf nhffng trffdng hdp
phat tridn hffdng nhin lieu ctfc sdm ttf mdi trtfdng
sd'ng eua chinh hg, anh hffdng de'n tam ly suy nghT
ciia ho, nhtfng tam thdi trong vS'n dd nay, ta hay
ciing xem nhff dd la nhtfng irffdng hdp hie'm.
Qua Bang 2, la ihay dtfde ehu ydu sd' Iffdng
ngffdi tham gia cudc khao sat chu ye'u la nhtfng
thanh phan trong do tudi tff 18 tudi de'n 25 tudi
(Bang 1) cung cho rang do tuoi de dang bi anh
hffdng bdi sif tieu cffc nha'l la vung do tuoi 18 den
25, tie'p theo dd la do luoi thanh thieu nien, dtfdi 18
ludi.
Khao sat cung cho tha'y, so' Itfdng ngtfdi cd
hffdng suy nghT tidu cffc khdng nhieu nhffng hg
cflng chon rang trong ehinh ban than ho cungco
sff lieu cffc, diem khac biet giffa 2 diem tren la 1
bdn thffa nhan hg cd suy nghT tidu cffc va 1 bdn
khdng mud'n thffa nbSn nhffng hg cd chii y de'n stf
lieu ctfc len ldi trong ban than ho (Bang 3).
2.5. Gidi phdp de xud't
Sau nhtfng luan cff tren, ta cd the tha'y dffdc stf
lieu cifu hien btfu trong Id'i suy nghT ciia mdi
ngffdi la rS't Idn va tff dd la ed tbd thS'y hanh vi
mdi ngffdi chung ta ddu xuat phat tff
gdc nhin nban sff viee eua ehung la
' luc do, mgt ngffdi say thi se ludn cd
td ra minh khdng say, nhffng chinh hg
cung khdng nhan ra dffdc trong liem
thtfc ho, ho bat dau dung mdt tdn
giong ra't Idn.

Nguydn Thi Bich Hang (2017)
cung da ed 4 giai phap de giai quydt
va'n dd nay. Chung ta can phai htfdng
cho gidi tre cd y thffc ttf trau ddi ban
30tudi i
, ,. ^ ^. . ,
than. Tiep theo, ehung ta can nang
I cao hieu qua ciia giao due gia dinh
nha trtfdng va cdng ddng. Sau nffa,
viee phiit huy ldi the'to Idn cua truydn thdng dai
chung la kha can thiet. Hdn the'nffa, chung la can
phat tnen be thd'ng cbinh sach phat trien va chidn
Itfdc dd'i vdi the' he tre phu hdp vdi sff phai irien
kinh te' - xa hdi trong dieu kien loan eau hda vdi
hdi nhap qud'e te'" [2].


QUANTRI-QUANLY

Bang 2. Danh gid cue nhflng ngiJdi khao sat ve miJc dp
d§ bj dnh hudng bdi sif tieu cUc

du-cri 18 tuoi tren 18 t u o i , Iren 2 5 tuoi, tren 30 tuoi
6wa\ 25 tufii d u o i 30 tu6i

y kien khac...

Bang 3. Cach nhin nhqn ve bdn chdt cuo sii tieu ciic

a tich

la thi> luon hi§n la m5t can benh la mot rach nhin
hCfu trong dcri
tmh thSn
khat [tinh lo^n, ca
s6ng
tojn)
mSi ngay cho toi
khi ta nhin nhan

O pham vi rdng hdn, nhffng luan
an vd hgc thuye't hanh vi con ngtfdi
d nhffng nffdc pbat trien nhff My,
Anh, Canada,., cflng neu ra nhffng
phtfdng htfdng xem xel va'n dd dd la
viec "lim nhffng cam xiic tieu bieu
dung de didu tie'l nhtfng hanh ddng
xa'u va viec suy nghT lieu cffc
thffdng xuyen trong sff phat trien
tiem thtfe eua viee rd'i loan cam xuc
va lo au trong gidi tre. "[4]
3. Kd't luSn
Sif tieu cffc tuy khdng the hien ra
mat hinh thtfc, nhffng nd la mgt can
"benh" nguy hiem len Idi trong mdi
suy nghT eua chung ta. Chung cd the
lam cho chung ta chiu nhtfng anh
hffdng tieu cffc len linh than eiia mdi
con ngffdi va lan truyen sang nhffng
ngtfdi xung quanh Ta kbdng the sffa

chffa mdt thff ma la khdng nhan bie't
dffdc. Vi vay, trffdc khi mud'n lam mdt
ngffdi hdt tieu ctfc, ta can phai xem
xel rang cbinb ban than hg cd nhan ra
dtfdc ring hg dang tieu cffc hay
khdng. Do vay, can phai tuyen truyen
nbtfng hanh ddng tich cffc, ren luyen
ban cha't con ngffdi iff luc con cd the
lie'p thu dffdc, qua dd cai thien hdn
dnh than eua nhffng ngtfdi hi anh
htfdng, ttf dd thay dtfdc each nhin
nhan stf viec, cung nhtf tang stf nban
bie't cua hg ve tieu cffc, ma khdng lam
anh hffdng de'n tinh than cua hg •

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO VA TRICH NGUON:
/. Nguyin Thi Bich Hdng (2017). Ldi sdng tieu cifc ciia mot ho phdn gidi ire Viet Nam hien nay ditdi lang kinh
hgc thuye't hdnh vi con ngUdi cua Freud. Thong tin Khoa hoc xd hoi. so 5.
2. Nguyen Thj Bich Hang (2015). Ldi sdng tieu cue cua mot bd phdn gidi ire Viil Nam hien na\ dUdi Idng kinh
hgc thuye't hdnh vi con ngudi cua Freud. Thdng tm Khoa hoc xd hoi, 52-54
3. Norem. J K., & Chang. E C. (2002). The positive psychology
psychology.

58(9), page

of negative thinking. Journal of clinical

993-1001.

So 13-Thdng 7/2019 135

IAP CHl CONG IHIflfNG

4. Klemanski. D. H., Curtiss, J.. McLaughlin. K. A.. & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2017). Emotion regulation and the
transdiagnostic
role of repetitive negative thinking in adolescents with social anxiety and depression.
Cogniiive therapy ond research, 41(2). page 206-219.

Ngay nhan bai: 18/6/2019
Ngay phan bien danh gia va stfa chiJa: 28/6/2019
Ngay chS'p nhan dang bai: 8/7/2019
Thong tin tdc gidNGUYEN TAN DANH
D^i hgc FPT

THE NEGATIVE THINKING OF SOME YOUNG PEOPLE
• NGUYEN TAN DANH
FPT University
ABSTRACT:
The frequent negative thinking of some young people has recently become an urgent
issue. This issue needs solving before il becomes a bigger problem affecting the social
structure. This article is to analyze the negative thinking of some young people in order
lo develop a social benchmark.
Keywords: Negative, morale, negative thinking, youth.

136 So 13-Thdng 7/2019