Câu hỏi ôn tập Môn Lý thuyết Dịch

CÁC CÂU HỎI ÔN TẬP

1. In Western translation theory, what was the contribution of Cicero?
 He translated the speeches of Greek orators through creative imatation.
2. In Western translation theory, what translation method did St.Jerome say he
was using?
 He preferred sense for sense over word for word translation except in the
translation of the Bible.
3. In Dao’an’s writing about the translation of the Buddhist sutras into Chinese,
which of the following does he note as difficulties?
 Directing the message to a new audiience.
 The special status of the source text.
4. What was a key difficulty for the Arab translators of Greek scientific texts in
the Abbasid period?
 Whether to translate, borrow or explain technical terms.
5. What was the importance of the translation method of Martin Luther?
 He translated into everyday German and thereby helped to strengthen the
German language.
6. Dryden proposed three methods of translation. Which corresponds to literal or
word for word translation?
 Metaphrase.
7. Which of the following is the most important of Tytler’s ‘laws’ of translation?
 Accuracy to the source text content
8. Which of the three translation principles of Yan Fu refers to elegance/
gracefulness?
 Ya.
9. What is Schleiermacher’s preferred translation strategy?
 To move the reader towards the writer.


10.In translatorial action and skopos theory, how is the success of traslation to be

judged?
 By functional adequacy.
11. What is the term used by House to describe the process of modification of an
ST to conform to TL expectations?
 Cultural filter.
12. Evaluation is a part of which function of language...?
 Interpersonal.

1. Each language has an area of equivalence in.... to the other language.
 Respect
2. The concept of context has been extensively studied by different linguists
from..... such as pragmatics and systemic-functional linguistics.
 Different perspectives
3. The source language of...... cultural context and situational context.
 Consists
4. Literary translations may be subdivided in the same way, as each genre calls
for a specific arrangement and...... specific artistic means to impress the reader.
 Makes use of
5. Translation...... is an academic interdiscipline dealing with the systematic study
of the theory, description and application of, and.
 Studies
6. Translation is a...... of intedingual communication.
 Means
7. Different types of translation can be singled out.....the predominant
communicative function of the source text or the form of speech involved in
the translation process.
 a Depending


8. Contemporary translation activities of a translator are characterized by a great

variety of types,..... and levels of his responsibility.
 Forms
9. The transformational model: postulates that in any two languages there is a
number of nuclear structures which are fully...... each other.
 Equivalent to
10. Translation shifts...... both at the lower level of language, Le the
lexicogrammar, and at the higher thematic level of text.
 Occur
11. In translation, there should be no change in the...... of narration or in the
arrangement of the segments of the text.
 Sequence
12. Literary translation deals with literary texts. Le works of fiction of poetry
whose main function is to make an....... or aesthetic impression upon the reader.
 Emotional
13. The original text may deal...... any subject from general philosophical
principles of postulates to minute technicalities in some obscure field of human
endeavour.
 With
14. Translation is a..... of actions performed by the translator while rendering the
source text into another language.
 Set
15. The source language....... of cultural context and situational context.
 Consists
16. A number of subdivisions can be also suggested for informative translations,
though. the principles of ........ here are somewhat different.
 Classification
17. It is....... that the translation has the same meaning as the original text.
 presumed

18. In translation, there should be no change in the...... of narration or in the
arrangement of the segments of the text.
 Sequence
19. The........ of the translation should follow that of the original text.
 Structure
20. Each of these forms of literary activities comprises a number of subgenres and
the translator may...... one or some of them in accordance with his talents and
experience.
 Specialize in
21. Theme can be identified in terms of three metafunctions.
 Ideational interpersonal and textual
22. The multiple Theme or split Rheme pattern was used at the most frequently
This indicates that the multiple Theme or split Rheme patterns are......
 Dominant in the texts
23. In the process of communication, the meaning system is largely determined......
situational context ideational Leaning by field interpersonal meaning by tenor
and textual meaning by mode.
 By the three aspects of
24. The ideational is subdivided into two components, le experiential and logical
They convey......
 Different ways of meanings
25. The topical Theme is divided into two subtypes..... Simple marked Theme
refers to when a topical element is chosen for foregrounding while simple
unmarked Theme refers to that which is most usual.
 Unmarked and marked Theme
26. Thematic structure includes Theme and Thematic progression patterns,
information structure includes and cohesion includes...... reference, conjunction,
ellipsis and lexical cohesion.
 Given and new units of information

27. Theme and Rheme boundary is a sequential ordering and range of possible
groups or phrases that use for setting...... structure.
 Theme and Rheme
28. Context of situation is closely related to various texts Certain...... asks for
certain text and in return, certain text creates certain context.
 Situational context
29. Thematic progression helps give cohesion and thus coherence to a text,
guiding the reader through the text......
 In a logical and rational course
30. According to the frequency analysis, the topical/ideational elements occurred
at the most frequent rates followed by....... and interpersonal elements.
 Textual elements
31. The study is devoted to the exploration of English writing skill which sets out
to obtain some concrete information on the students problems in writing
English.......
 Supported by Systemic Functional Grammar
32. The writers used multiple Theme by..... to topical Theme to create
connectedness in the text As a result, it provides the writers with an effective
way to convey information circulated in the written text.
 Adding lextual Theme and interpersonal Theme
33. Translators need...... that help to achieve their goals in enhancing
communication across different nations.
 To encompass a diversity of factors \
34. As in the case of referential cohesive devices, the translator also...... the
strategy of deletion while translating the conditional conjunction "even if
 Made use of
35. Finally, pragmatic understanding is related to...... In that case, the target does
not state what is transferred, but it states the requirement of the process.
 The message or implication of a sentence

36. A world of........ needs translators that beside their specialized knowledge in
the two languages, they should also experience intercultural competence.


 Different Interacting cultures
37. Furthermore the fourth device-substitution is marked by the use of nouns,
verbs or clauses..... previously presented.
 To replace some information
38. In most cases, a translator decodes a text........ conditioned by his ideology and
world knowledge.
 According to his understanding
39. The distinctive relationship between........ is established by the ability of
translation to approximate a multilingual communication to a monolingual one.
 The original and translation
40. Furthermore, words such as hence and so indicate that there is a preceding
segment of text presenting a cause or reason, and......
 A following segment presenting a result
41. Conjunctive cohesion is the type of cohesion commonly and most extensively
dealt with..... It is often referred to as "transitional devices".
 In grammar and composition writing
42. Similarly to pronoun reference, the cohesive device of conjunction proves.....
of the Target Text.
 To be problematic for the translator
43. The device of substitution was not extensively used in either text Only the ST
employed it once,......
 Using the verb do
44. In regard to reference, the Target Text tends......that are equivalent to the ones
used in the Source Text.
 To present cohesive devices
45. The process of...... in a target language involves both lexico-grammatical and

pragmatic analysis.
 Decoding a text and encoding it


46. There are also omissions, partial equivalences and even complete alterations
of in the ST.
 The connection signaled by the cohesive device
47. Text is a meaningful unit, but to guide persons towards meanings it is
recommended to start from after that inspect the STS and their probable
translation.
 The lexico-grammatical realizations analysis
48. In regard to reference the Target Text tends that are equivalent to the ones
used in the Source Text.
 To present cohesive devices
49. Technical translation is a type of involving the of documents (., etc.), or more
specifically, texts which relate to technological subject areas or texts which
deal with the practical application of scientific and technological Information.
 Produced by
50. While the presence of specialized is a feature of technical texts, specialized
terminology alone is not classifying a text as "technical since numerous
disciplines and subjects which are not "technical" possess what can be regarded
as specialized terminology.
 Sufficient for
51. Transliteration is the process rendering the letters of one alphabet in terms of
the letters of another with a different alphabetical system in transcription the
pronunciation of is transcribed in the alphabetical system of the Target
Language.
 The Source Language word
52. The theory of translation should be a branch of comparative linguistics His
approach was purely linguistic and textual.

 According to Catford
53. Literal translation word to word, group to group: collocation to collocation,
clause to clause, sentence to sentence The smaller the unit, the commoner the
approach, following the basic translation procedures.
 Ranges from


54. Theme which is optional followed by the interpersonal element which is
optional and followed by a topical/ ideational element which is obligatory.
 Consists of the textual element
55. The relation between the two segments will be one of reasonresult substitution
and ellipsis cohesion ties which are meant to signal only one phoric relation at
a time with the exception of a pronoun, which can act in anaphoric, cataphoric,
or exophoric reference,
 Unlike reference
56. Unlike reference, ellipsis, substitution and conjunctive cohesion, lexical
cohesion is not associated with any special syntactic classes of elements It is
therefore and least adequately defined of the five kinds.
 The most open- ended
57. Mode refers to what part the language is playing, what it is that the
participants are in that situation the symbolic organization of the text, the status
that it has, and its function in the context.
 Expecting the language to for them
58. The model identifies three main functions that speakers/ writers use language
for to encode interaction and to organize the previous functions into a coherent
whole.
 To represent experience
59. Technical and scientific translation has traditionally been the dogsbody of
theoretical discussions of translation The underlying rationale when
approaching this type of translation has usually literature a creative elaboration

of language been that.
 Involves
60. Word-for-word translation transfers Source Language grammar and as well as
the primary meanings of all the Source Language words into the translation,
and is normally effective only for brief simple neutral sentences.
 Word-order
61. In addition to reading comprehension ability, the knowledge of specialized
subjects and a wide cultural background, and the global vision of cross-cultural
and interlingual communication.


 Derived from specialized training
62. Translators usually have to deal with six different problematic areas in their
work, they are translating technical documents or.....
 Whether
63. The translating process translation......
 Models
64. The presumption of semantic between Source Text and Target Text is based
on the various degrees of equivalence of their meanings.
 identity
65. If the source text is its translation can be listed as literary or informative only
as an approximation.
 of some length
66. Their communicative value depends on their artistic quality and the
translatior's primary task is to reproduce this quality in translation.
 first and foremost
67. Context of culture and context of situation are outside of language itself Cotext, also known as context, is certainty inside of language itself.
 linguistic
68. Appraisal identifies three systems, dealing with the kind of attitudes, their
amplification and the ways in which they are sourced.

 Attitude, Graduation and Engagement
69. In short, Ideational meanings construed to represent experiences, either to
encode them (experiential) or between them (logical) are activated by field,
which concerns the activity of discourse.
 To show the relationships
70. The problem of empty Theme, the problem of the brand new Theme the
problem of overuse of constant progression, the problem of empty Rheme,
and....
 the problem of confusing selection of textual Theme


71. In students' writing, lack of text coherence is identified as a major problem
lower scores in students examinations.
 which contributes substantially to
72. Most of the texts start by presenting followed by a series of arguments which
extends from the parts of the Rheme in the preceding clause and then it
becomes the Theme in subsequent clauses.
 their points of view
73. Analyzing the data marked and unmarked Themes, the result reveals that the
number of unmarked Themes by far outweighs the number of marked Themes.
 in light of
74. Systemic Functional Grammar means that it is based on it tries to view a
language as a system for making a semantic system, with other system for
encoding the meaning it produces.
 meaning
75. The reference can be anaphoric (the referent the cohesive device) or
cataphoric (the referent follows the cohesive device).
 precedes
76. Away from seeing the cultural differences as communication barriers, such
differences can bi represented as features supporting.

 and improving human collaboration
77. The term ellipsis refers to the a phrase or a clause which is understood in the
case of ellipsis cohesion, there are three types, depending on the syntactic
category of the presupposed elements a absence of.
 word
78...... is a relation of sense identity rather than a relation of reference identity it is
also divided into subcategories such as nominal substitution, verbal
substitution and clausal substitution.
 Substitution cohesion
79. It is noteworthy that process-oriented approaches to coherence are subject to....
 shortcomings


80. The importance of terminology in technical translation, for example in as well
as the highly formulaic and repetitive nature of technical writing makes using
and terminology databases especially appropriate.
 consistent
81. Technical translation the translation of many kinds of specialized texts and
requires a high level of subject knowledge and mastery of the relevant
terminology and writing conventions.
 covers
82. Translation as a whole is a balance of art and science influenced by both
Having knowledge of both the linguistic features as well as the aesthetic
features of translation applies directly to the field of technical translation.
 theory and practice
83. Translators should be aware of the fact that incorrect comprehension of a text
of the translation We must, therefore, use reading comprehension strategies fo
translation.
 considerably decreases the quality