Báo cáo " Quá trình tranh giành quyền “bảo hộ” Campuchia giữa Pháp và Xiêm (1855-1867)" docx

LICH
sCr
-
VAN HOA
- XA
HQI CHAU
AU
OUri
TRINH
TRRNH
GIANH
QUV€N
"BAO
Hd"
CRMPUCHIfl
GICTR
PHIIP
VJ!|
XI^M
(1855-1867)
PGS.TS. Dang Van
Chirgng
Ths.
Tran
Dinh
Hung
Ths.
Nguyen Thanh Tuan
trdn
dat
Campuchia.

Ddn
cudi
ndm 1845,
d£iu
ndm 1846,
Campuchia
dat
dugc
mot
hipp
udc
"trung hda"
vdi
trieu dinh Chakri
(Xiem)
va
trilu Nguyen (Vidt Nam), mang
lgi
hda
binh
cho dat
nudc
vdi
didu kidn
la
vua
Ang
Duong (Campuchia) phdi thdn
phyc
cd hai

nudc
Idng
gidng, nghla
la
Campuchia phdi ehju
sy
"bdo
hd
kep"
ciia
Xidm vd Vipt Nam'. Day khdng chi
Id
su
thd
hidn quyen
lyc cda
Xiem
d
Campuchia ma
cdn
la "van de
phdp
ly" dd sau
ndy Xidm
ddu tranh gidnh quyen "bdo hd" Campuchia
vdi thyc dan Phap.
1.
Qua
trinh
gianh

giat
quyen "bao
hp"
Campuchia
giii'a
Phdp
va
Xidm
bat
nguon
td
dur
djnh
ky
hifp
urdc
giira Phap
va Campuchia nam 1855
Vuong qudc Campuchia
sau mdy
Ihl
ky hung mgnh, ddn cudi
thi
ky
XIV, dd
roi
vdo thdi
ky
khiing hodng,
suy ydu

nghiem
trpng
vdi
nhidu cupc ehinh bidn dam
mdu
trong cung dinh,
npi bg
chia re, mdu thuan
phe phdi sdu sdc, tao dieu kidn thudn lgi cho
cdc
Ihl
lye phong kidn Idng gidng can thiep,
xdm
luge.
Trong
qud
trinh
dd,
vuong qudc
Idng
gidng phia
ldy bdc cda
Campuchia
la
Ayuthaya vda mdi ra ddi (1350) da ed nhieu
tham vpng banh trudng ldnh thd. Cde cudc
tdn edng
xdm
lugc
cua

Ayuthaya
ddi vdi
Campuchia
tu nda sau the ky XIV trd di
edng 1dm
cho dat
nudc
nay
thdm
suy yeu,
thu hep dan vd Idnh thd, vd phdi
di
ddi kinh
dd xudng phia nam.
Trudc
su o ep
lidn
tue td
phia
Ayuthaya, tridu dinh Campuchia phdi
tim
kilm mdt
the
lyc
ddi
trpng
de
bdo
tdn
nin

ddc
lap
cua minh. Hp gui mdl phai dodn den
Philippines vao dau thd ky XVII dd tim cdch
lidn minh
vdi Tdy
Ban Nha dang
cai trj d
day nhung khdng thdnh cdng,
vi vdy
din
nam 1623 Campuchia
da
thilt
lap
quan
he
vdi chinh quyen chda Nguyen d Ddng Trong
cua Dgi Viet,
lu
dd dnh hudng vd quydn lyc
cua Ayuthaya
vd
chua Nguyen giao thoa
Dd xdc Igp
vi thd vd
cgnh tranh quyen
lyc
vdi edc
nudc phuang

Tdy
khdc
d
khu
vyc Ddng Nam
A,
Phdp dd
cd
mdl phai bo
truyin gido
din
khu vyc ndy vdo nda
sau
the
ky XVII.
Giao sT Louis Chevreuil cda Hdi Paris
dugc
cu
din
Campuchia nam 1665 dd giup
Paulo d'Acosta gidm
myc
Gido phan
Bang
van
Chuong,
Quan
h?
Thai
-Vi$t

Nam
cuoi
thi ky XVIII-giaa thi ky
XIX,
Nxb Dai hgc Su
Ph9ni,
mN6i,
2010,
trang
168.
Qua trinh
tivuth
gianh
qxigen.'
/mo ko

51
Malacca, da gia yeu - truydn bd dao Thien
Chua tgi Campuchia. 6ng ddn Phnom Penh
vao
21/11/1665
va hogt ddng d ddy eho
din
nam
1670
. Cdc gido
sT
hpc tilng Khmer vd
truydn gido bdng ngdn ngu bdn xd. Trdn
thyc td, hp cd mdi lien he mat thidt vdi

lye
lugng qudn sy, gidi thuang nhdn va cdc nha
chinh tri cua Cdng ty Ddng An Phdp
(Compagnie francaise des
Indes).
Nhu vdy,
cd the ndi, td nda sau the ky XVII, Phap da
tidn hdnh truydn gido, thdm dd dd chudn bj
xam nhap Campuchia ndi ridng vd khu vyc
Ddng Nam A ndi chung.
Mac du chua thdnh cdng trong
vide
truyen dgo d Campuchia, nhung "Hdi truyen
gido nudc ngodi Paris" (Missions
d'Etrangeres de Paris-MEP, hay cdn gpi
Id
Compagnie de Jesus) (1664)
eiia
Phdp vdn
tidp tuc gin gido
sT
Bouilleveaux vd Cordier
den truydn gido d Campuchia tu dia phan
Beryte (ra ddi nam 1658, ed nhidm vu
truydn gido d Ddng Trong do Pierre de
Lamothe - Lambert de phu
trach)^.
Hoat
ddng truydn dgo cua cde giao
sT

khdng chi
nhdm ddn nhung ngudi ngheo khd, tdng Idp
binh ddn ma cdn dung cac phuang thuc
ngoai giao dl lidn he vdi nhdng ngudi trong
tdng ldp qui
l6c,
phong kidn thdng tri.
Trong qua trinh do, ngudi Phap hilu ro
hon vd sy khung hoang nghidm trpng chinh
trj
bdn-trong
vd sdc ep bdn ngoai, vd chu
^
Donald F. Lach, Edwin J. Van
Kley,
Asia
in the
Making of Europe. Volume HI:
4
Century of
Advance. Book 3: Southeast Asia, University of
Chicago Press,
1993,
p.ll55.
^'
Nguyin Khic Ngu, Lien
lgc Viet-Phap
thi ky
XVII,
XVIII,

Nxb Nghiin
cihi sir
dia, Montreal, Canada,
1990,
trang 16.
quydn vd ldnh thd td phia Xiem khdng
ngimg tang ldn doi vdi Campuchia nhat la
trong giai dogn cudi the ky XVIII ddn
gifta
thd ky XIX. Cdc giao sT Phap luu tdm ddn
nhung suy tinh chinh tri cua vua Ang Duong
(1845-1859) vd cho rdng ddy
Id
co hdi
thieh
hgp dd Idi keo Ang Duong di theo Phap.
Gidm myc Phdp luc bdy gid d Campuchia
Id
Miche (Dai didn Tdng tda) dd kheo
\6o
van
ddng vua Campuchia hudng ddn sy quan
tdm cua nudc Phdp. Ndm 1853, nha vua bi
mat lidn he vdi tridu dinh Phdp, gin mdt bdc
thu den vua Napoleon III vdi tdm
Idng
tdn
kinh, hiiu nghi. Ngodi ra, nhd Vua edn gdi
bidu hodng de Phdp mdt sd
Id

vat dd td tinh
than thidn, nhung cdc
Id
vat dd da bi mdt
tren dudng di''. Khi nhdn dupe bdc thu ndi
trdn cua Ang Duong, Napoleon III xem day
la dip may dl thyc hien muu dd bidn vung
nay thdnh thi trudng cua Phdp. Nhung vi
dang ban tdm vdi nhimg van dd khac ndn
phai hai nam sau (1855), hodng de nudc
Phdp mdi ed thd phdi mot phai dodn ngoai
giao ddn
Campuchia^
dd ban thdo vd mdt
hidp udc "thuang mgi todn didn" (full-scale
commercial) vdi vua Ang Duong. Ngudi
dugc chinh phu Phdp giao nhidm vu dd la
De Montigny, mdt nha ngogi giao cao cdp,
chuydn vd cdc van de d Vidn Ddng vd da
timg d Xidm, nhung De Montigny lgi khdng
rd mdi quan he phdc tgp gida Xidm vd
* David P.Chandler, William
R.Roff,
John R.W.
Smail
In Search of
Southeast
Asia,
University of
Hawaii Press, Honolulu,

1985,
p.l26.
*
John
Tully,
A short history of
Cambodia
: from
empire
to
survival,
Allen & Unwin, Australia, 2005,
p.78-79.
52
NGHIEN
CCU
CHAU
AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW
N°10 (133}.20l{
Campuchia, nen dd
tiet
Id nhipm vy
ciia
minh vdi trilu dinh
Xiem*
khi
gh6
qua ddy.
Ngay sau khi bilt y dl
eiia

thyc ddn
Phdp,
tridu dinh Xiem Iiln gdi thu khdng cy
kich lidt va de dpa vua Ang Duong. Thdi dp
chdng ddi gay gdt eua trieu
dinh
Bangkok
Iam cho dng vua ndy sg hai, khdng ddm giao
dich vdi phdi bp
ctia
Phdp,
m$c
dit
Montigny dd ddn
Campuchia'.
Cuoi cung,
Hiep udc dd khdng ky
kit
dugc.
Tuy Hidp udc chua dugc ky kdl nhimg
da bdc Id rd y dd xam chidm Campuchia cua
thye ddn Phdp va sy ndng long, vdi vdng tim
kidm chd dya cua vua Campuchia ma cd
IS
chua ludng het nhflng hau qud nghidm trpng
eua nd.
2.
Dien bien cupc dau tranh gianh
giat quyen bao hp Campuchia giira Xiem
va Phap

(1863 -1867)
Hai ndm sau khi Phdp tdn cdng Vipt
Nam, vua Ang Duong, ngudi Idn ngdi vdi sy
'
David
P.Chandler,
William
R.Roff,
John R.W.
Smail
In
Search of Southeast Asia, University of
Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 1985,
p.
128.
'
Khi Montigny din cang Campot, vua Ang Duong
da
ph^i
mpt
ph^i
doin quan
l^i
xu6ng
Campot
<ik
miri
Montigni len kinh do Udong, vk
nbk
Vua cung uy

quyen cho Giim myc Miche
dupc
thuong thdo
nhSn
danh
nhk
Vua
va
hiia
h^n
sS phe
chu4n
cic
th6a
u6c
vd\
Phap. Montigny da
sopn
thao mpt
hi^p
udc
g6m
14
diSu
khoan
-
hai
ban
bang tieng Phap
va

hai ban
bang
ti^ng
Campuchia. Ciing
vdrj
ban
hiep
udc,
Montigny co giri den nha Vua mpt
di;
thao qui udc
nhaimg
dao Koh - door cho PhAp. Nhung ca
hi^p
djnh
thircmg
mai
va
qui udc diu khong
thirc
hi|n
dugc
(Theo
R.Stanlay
Thomson, The Establishment
of the French Protectorate over Cambodia, The Far
Eastern Quarterly, Vol IV, August 1945. No 4, New
York: Colombia University Press. Tai
li^u
do Ng6

Bac djch dang tren
http://wvi^.gio-o.com/NgoBac
RSThomson 2.htm).
"bdo
h^
k6p"
cda cd trilu dinh Chakri vk
trilu dinh Hul, qua ddi
(1860).
Sau khi
Ang
Duong
m^t,
vua Xiem Mongkut dd
iing
hp
vipc dua hodng lu Norodom,
v6n
id ngudi
tfr
nhd dugc gido
dye
trong trilu dinh Xidm,
Idn ngai vdng d Campuchia. Tuy dugc
Xidm
dua Idn Idm vua Campuchia, nhung Xidm
Igi chua
1dm
Ie tin phong Norodom
a

Bangkok (theo truyin th6ng) nen chua dupc
coi
Id
vua chinh
lhde^
do vgy, dja vj cua
Norodom lam thdi ehi nhu mpt quan
nhilp
chinh, cd
thi
hi (Xidm)
phi
bd bdt cd luc
ndo!
Dd Id y dd chinh trj sau xa cua Xiem
ddi vdi Campuchia trong quan he vdi Phdp!
Vd phia Phdp, khodng ddu ndm 1861,
thdng qua gidm myc Miche, Norodom dd
tilp xuc vdi Briere de
ITsle,
vidn chi huy
thuy qudn
lyc
chiln Phdp d Tay Ninh tai
kinh do Oudong vd mong mudn nudc Phap
quan tam den Campuchia (Norodom
souhaite une action de
la
France en faveur
de son

royaume)'
vd hai ben da
t$ng
cho
nhau nhung mdn qud quy
gid'"
. Cdn vl
phuong dipn ngogi giao, vien Ianh sy
Phj^
tai Bangkok bay td y dinh dl nghj Xiem
cdng phdn chia Ianh thd Campuchia vdi
Phdp (1861). Nhung Mongkut tu cho minh
Id
ngudi bao hd chlnh eda Norodom da tit
chdi vdi Phdp vl vdn dl Campuchia,
vd cho
'
Vu
Duorng
Ninh, Nguyin Van
H6ng
(1998),
Lich
sit
thegi&i cgn
dgi, NXB Gido
dye,
Ha
N^i,
trang 430.

'
Philippe
H^duy,
Histoire de
I'lndochine
la
perle
de
I'Empire
(1624-1954), Editions
Albin
Michel, Paris,
p,180.
Campuchia
t$ng
cho Phip 2 con voi
quy
vd di nghj
Phap
t$ng
cho Campuchia 1 con
ngya
Ar§p,
2 con
ICra
Ai Cgp
vi
mOt
chile
tSu

mdi
ch^y
bang hoi nirdc.
Sau dd
nhfhig
mdn qud ndy
da durpc
chuyin
dfe
Campuchia (Philippe
H^duy,
sdd, trang
180).
Qua
trinh tranh gianh
qxiyln.
hdo
k&-

53
rdng cdch ddt vdn dl eda ngudi Phdp nhu
vdy la khdng ddng
chd''.
Nam 1861, Si Votha - ngudi em ut cua
Norodom ndi logn, budc vua Norodom
phdi chgy ve ldnh nan tgi
Batlambang,
vd
xin su ho trg vii trang cda tridu dinh
Bangkok nham gidnh lai ngai vdng. Chinh

phu Xidm da dua Norodom vd Campot trdn
mdt
chide
Idu,
vd
din
thdng 3/1862
Norodom dd trd vd thd do. Nhan co hdi ndi
bd tridu dinh Campuchia ed
biin,
mdt
chile
Ihuydn
cua Phdp do dd ddc Chamer ehi huy
dugc ed den Phnom Penh vdi cd bdo vd
nhdng nhd truyen gido cua Phdp tgi ddy.
Chamer da quan tam ddn tinh hinh
Campuchia ngay td thdng 3/1861, khi dng
cd mdt
sT
quan tdi gdp vd ndi vdi Norodom
rdng, Phdp quydt dinh sd chidm ddng Nam
Ky vTnh vidn vd tha thidt giup Campuchia
duy tri ndn ty do cua minh. Trudc tinh hinh
dd, Norodom da gdi thu cho vua Mongkut
ndu rd nguy co "An Nam vd
Campuchia
se
vinh viin bi Phdp dd hd" vd bay td rdng
"chung

tdi se sdn sdng trd lai nguai Phdp
rdng,
ngay
tir
thai ky
cdm
quyin cua cha tdi
(Ang Duong) Campuchia
vdn chi cdng
nhgn
Xiim
Id tdn chii cua
minh."*
Ngudi Phdp cd gdng tim mdt "cdi ed cd
tinh phdp ly" dl can thiep vdo Campuchia,
do la; Sau khi chidm ba tinh miln Ddng
" Dao Minh Hdng, Chinh
sdeh
ddi ngogi cua
Thai
Lan
(Xiem)
cudi thi ki
XDC ddu
thi ki
XX,
LuSn
dn
Tiin
sTLjch

sii,
Thdnh
phi H6 Chl
Minh,
2001,
trang
62.
(Din
theo Nguyin Thdnh
TuSn,
Quan hi Xiem
-
Phap
vi
vSn
de
Campuchia
vh
Lho lie nua sau
thi
ky
XIX din ddu thi ky XX,
Lugn van thae si
Sic
hpc.
Hue,
2009).
'^ Dao
Minh Hdng, sdd, trang 62.
Nam Ky eua Vidt Nam, ky Hidp udc Nhdm

Tudi
(1862) vdi trilu dinh Hul, ngudi Phdp
ty cho minh ed quyen thay
Ihl
nhd Nguydn
trong vai trd "bao hp" doi vdi Campuchia;
Vi Campuchia cung Id xu thudc dia eda Viet
Nam trudc ddy vd trieu cdng hdng ndm cho
Vipt Nam. Ddy
Id
cdch lap Iudn eho vipc
"bdo hp",
l4n
chiem Campuchia cda thyc
ddn Phdp luc bdy gid. Thyc chat vi
Campuchia khdng chi la phidn ddu cho xd
Nam
Ky thuOc
Phdp ma cdn
Id
noi gidu cd
vd tidm ndng
kinh
td, nhdt
Id
ngudn Igi thuy
hdi sdn ddc bidt phong phu d Bidn
H6
vd Id
eon dudng thuy cd thd di ngugc Idn Lao va

thdm nhdp sdu vdo vung Vdn Nam (Trung
Qudc) rdng ldn, noi dd qudc Anh ciing dang
nhdm tdi.
Cimg vdi cdc thu doan trdn, thdng
6/1863,
Phdp da tien them mdt budc trong
dm muu xdm lugc bdng each didu dpng mpt
phdo thuydn va cd
sT
quan cao cdp Doudart
de Lagree tu Nam Ky sang Campuchia vdi
danh nghia xay dyng cdn cu thuy quan cda
Phdp d day. Didu ndy cho phep Phdp ndm
chdc hon tinh hinh Campuchia, trdn an tinh
thdn Norodom va tidn ddn Ioai bd anh
hudng cua Xidm ra khdi Campuchia dd "bdo
hO"
dat nudc nay.
Ve phia Campuchia, "Norodom muon
difa vdo sue mgnh cua Phdp
di
chdng lgi
su
chen ep eua Xiem ddi v&i Campuchia,
nhung
Norodom
rdt lo lang cho dia vi
Idm
vua chua chinh thuc cua
minh

vd dang
54
NGHIEN
CCrU
CHAU
AU
- EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW
N°10 (133).20lf
mong dgi dugc trieu dinh Xiim cdng
nhdn"^^
Bill dugc thdi
d^
do dy tren cda
Norodom, ngdy 3/8/1863, vdi tu cdch Id
loan quyen mdi
ciia
Phdp d Nam Ky, dd doc
La Grandiere dd dich thdn tdi kinh do
ciia
Campucliia
vdi muc dich bilu duong sdc
manh
ciia
nudc Phdp vd thuyet phyc vua
Norodom
hdy
lin tudng va ydn tam dya vdo
Phdp.
Trudc dp
lyc

qudn sy tryc tilp
ciia
La
Grandiere vdi sy Irung gian
eiia
gidm myc
Miche, ngdy
11/8/1863,
Norodom dd bu0c
phdi ky "hidp udc ddy hda hpn" (un accord
prometteur) vdi La Grandiere. Ddy khdng
phdi Id hidp udc bdo hp cua Phdp ddi vdi
Campuchia nhung cd y nghia tuang ly nhu
thd'"*-
Ndi dung co bdn cua Hidp udc
Id:
Phdp nhdn bdo hg
Campuchia,
giao tiip ky
ket cdc vdn ban ngogi giao cua
Campuchia
v&i nu&c khdc phdi dugc Phdp ddng -y,
Campuchia thica nhdn quyin ldnh
sir
tdi
phdp eda Phdp, hdng hod Phdp nhdp vdo
Campuchia
dugc
mien
thui vd

Phdp
dugc tu
do truyin
gido*^.
Vdi npi dung cda Hidp ude ndy, chu
quydn qudc gia Campuchia bj
Id
thupc vdo
Phap vd Phdp tin rdng hp trd thdnh kd "bdo
hd" Campuchia.
"
Pham Viet Tmng, Nguyin
XuSn
K^,
Do
Van
Nhung,
Lich
su
Campuchia (tie nguon
gdc din nay),
NXB
Dgi
hpc
va
Trung hpc chuyin
nghi?p.
Ha
N0i,
1982,

trang, 170.
'*
Philippe
Hdduy,
Histoire de I'lndochine la perle de
I'Empire (1624-1954), Editions Albin Michel, Paris,
p.181.
'*
Vu Duong Ninh, Nguyen
Van Hing
(1998), Lich
su thi gicri cgn dgi, NXB Giao
dye,
Ha
N^i,
trang,431.
Trudc tinh hinh dd, Xidm tim
each
chdng Igi Phdp mpt cdch gay gdt de bdo ve
quyln "bdo
h$",
quyln Igi cua mmh
6
Campuchia. Xidm gui ngay sd bp cua minh
den Oudong de phdn doi vd gay dp luc, nhdt
Id d6i vdi Norodom, vi Norodom chua dupc
Xiem phong vuong chinh thuc. Trudc
dp lire
dd, Norodom lai phdi
k^

Hipp udc Bi mat
vdi Xidm vdo thdng 12/1863. Npi dung co
bdn Clia
Hi^p
udc nay
Id
Campuchia chip
nhdn Ip thudc vdo Xiem vd cdt nhugng cho
Xidm edc tinh Pursat vd Campongsoai, cdn
vua Xidm hda sd Idm le phong vuong chinh
thdc cho Norodom trong mpt ngdy gdn nhat
d Bangkok.
Nhu vgy, Xidm da thdnh edng
troi^
viec loi keo, gay sdc dp bupc Norodom
phai
ky hidp udc cdng nhdn sy "bdo hp" ciia
Xidm tuc la chdng lai am muu "bdo hp"
Campuchia cua Phdp. Td dd, Campuchia
da
trd thdnh noi tranh chip, gidnh giat giua
Xidm va Phdp cho ddn cudi
thi
ky XIX dau
thd ky XX.
Tuy Hidp udc Campuchia - Xidm dupc
ky bi mgt, nhung tin tdc ndy ciing dd truydn
ddn Phdp 1dm cho chinh quyln
ciia
vua

Napoleon
III
phdn dng dd ddi. Thang
3/1864, ldnh su Phap Gabriel
Aubaret
da
duge phdi tdi Xiem. Aubaret ydu elu Xiem
phdi nit
hit
quan dpi ra khdi Campuchia
va
td bd quyen "bdo hg" cda hp d ddy.
Ddp lgi, vdo thdng 3/1864, Xiem
thiSc
giyc Norodom
din
Bangkok dl
nh|ta ll
phong vuong. Khi phdi doan nhd vua
vvra
ddn Campot, trdn bd vjnh Xiem dl
din kinh
dd Bangkok, thi tgi kinh do Oudong
Qud
trifih
trunk gidnh
gjigen
'l%do-
lio

55
(Campuchia), thyc dan Phap cho dai bdc
khai hda vdi nhidu tidng nd Idn vd cdm cd
Phdp d nhieu
noi'^.
Didu nay dd budc phdi
dodn Norodom phdi quay trd lgi kinh dd, tdc
Id
Phdp da lam that bgi y
dh
cua Xidm trong
viec trdi budc Norodom vdi Bangkok. Vd
khi trd lai, nhd Vua xin
Idi
ngudi Phap, ra
ldnh ha cd Phap xudng nhung Iai phai ky
vao Hidp udc Phdp - Campuchia vdo ngdy
17/4/1864 ma Napoleon III da phe duyet ky
trudc do (11/8/1863). Ddi vdi Phdp, day la
ddu mdc quan trpng trong qud trinh xam
chiem Campuchia.
Dd cung cd vi thd mdi vda dgt dugc d
Campuchia, Phdp tim cdch thuong lugng
vdi Xidm vd viec cimg phong vuong cho
Norodom. Cudi cimg, Xiem thdng nhat vdi
Phdp thyc hidn le dang quang cho Norodom
tgi Oudong vdo ngay 3/6/1864. Day la ldn
ddu tien Xidm thua nhdn Phdp cfing cd
quydn "bdo hd" Campuchia. Cudc ddu tranh
ndy cdn tiep didn cho mai cho den cudi the

ky XIX ddu
thi
ky XX, nhung ddn ndm
1867,
khi hai nudc ky Hidp udc Phap -
Xidm vd vdn dd Campuchia tai Paris, thd
quydn "bdo hd" cua Phdp can bdn da duge
Xidm thda nhdn. (Didu
1:
Nu&c
Xiem
thica
nhdn
quyin
bdo
hd
ciia Phdp &
Campuchia).
Hidp udc 1867 danh ddu mdc Xiem
chinh thuc thira nhgn quyin "bdo hg" cua
Phdp &
Campuchia;
bu Igi, Xiem cung duge
Phap nhugng cho hai tinh Batlambang vd
Angkor cua Campuchia. Xidm phdi nhugng
'^
David P.Chandler, William
R.Roff,
John R.W.
Smail , sdd, p.l27.

bd Phdp vi luc bay gid nudc nay dang phai
ddi phd vdi cdc mdi de dpa khae den tu eac
nudc phuong Tdy vd dang cdn sy dn djnh,
hda binh cho cdng cupc canh tdn dat nude
dang didn ra d Xidm vdo nda sau thd ky
XIX.
Hon nda, trong cudc tranh gidnh ndy,
Phdp d vdo the mgnh, cdn Xidm d vdo thd
ydu.
3.
Mpt vai nhan xet
Qud trinh gidnh giat quydn "bdo hd"
Campuchia
glu'a
hai thd
lyc
Phdp vd Xiem
dien ra quyet
lidt,
gay gdt, phdc tgp vdo nda
sau thd ky XIX nhung khdng nd ra chidn
tranh, vi Xiem timg budc lam thda man
tham vpng xdm lugc Campuchia cua thyc
dan Phap bdng
each
thye hien chinh
sdeh
"ddi ddt" Campuchia cho thyc ddn Phdp dd
"ldy hda binh" cho Xidm. Va hgu qua tdt
nhidn cua qua trinh dd

Id
bien Campuchia
thanh thudc dja cua Phdp.
Phuong thuc xam
luge
cua thyc ddn
Phdp ludn thay ddi. Ddi vdi Viet Nam,
chung su dyng sue mgnh quan sy
Id
chu yeu
thi ddi vdi Campuchia chung chi dua vao uy
thi sue
manh qudn su de xdm chidm bdng
con dudng dau tranh "ngogi giao phdo
ham", budc Campuchia vd Xiem phdi ky kdt
cac hiep udc bdt binh dang ma uu the thudc
vl thyc dan Phdp.
Hidp udc nam
1867
la budc ngoat cd y
nghia "bdn ll" cua Phdp trong qua trinh xam
chidm Campuchia. Xidm nhudng quyln
"bao hd" Campuchia cho Phdp
Id
mdt hanh
ddng hdl sdc thdc thdi
dQ
bao tdn nen ddc
lap cua minh.