-2012
i
1
1.1 1
1.2 4
1.3 5
7
2.1 m 7
2.2 7
2.2.1 7
2.2.2 i d li 9
2.2.3 i d liu theo ngun 12
2.3 c thu th 12
2.3.1 Thu thp d li 12
2.3.2 Thu thp d liu tra 12
2.4 14
2.4.1 15
2.4.2 18
2.5 19
2.6 20
2.7 21
23
3.1 23
3.1.1 23
3.1.2 24
3.1.3 25
3.2 25
3.2.1 25
3.2.2 - and - leaf display) 26
3.2.3 27
3.2.4 29
3.2.5 30
3.2.6 (Histogram) 31
3.2.7 (Polygon) 31
3.2.8 (Cumulative Percentage Polygon) 33
3.3 Cross Table) 33
-2012
ii
3.4 35
44
4.1 44
4.1.1 44
4.1.2 49
4.1.3 t (mode) 51
4.1.4 52
4.1.5 53
4.2 55
4.2.1 55
4.2.2 55
4.2.3 56
4.2.4 58
4.3 59
4.4
2
60
4.5 60
64
5.1 64
5.2 65
5.2.1 65
5.2.1 69
5.3 71
5.3.1 71
5.3.2 normal 73
5.3.3 Ph 75
5.3.4 77
5.4 80
5.4.1 80
5.4.2 81
5.4.3 82
5.5 83
89
6.1 89
6.2 90
-2012
iii
6.2.1 90
6.2.2 (n < 30) 91
6.3 92
6.4 93
98
7.1 98
7.1.1 98
7.1.2
0
1
98
7.1.3 99
7.1.4 100
7.1.5 100
7.2 100
7.2.1 100
7.2.2 (n<30) 102
7.3 104
7.4 104
7.5 P (p-value) 105
7.6 105
7.7 The power of a test 107
7.8 107
7.8.1 107
7.8.2 109
7.9 113
7.10 115
121
8.1 121
8.2 121
8.3 U 123
8.3.1 124
8.3.2 125
8.4 126
8.5 127
8.5.1 129
-2012
iv
8.6 (Run test) 129
8.7 131
T 138
9.1 138
9.2 g quan 138
9.2.1 138
9.2.2 139
9.2.3 140
9.3 141
9.3.1 142
9.3.2 143
9.3.3
2
144
9.4 145
148
10.1 148
10.2 148
10.3 149
10.3.1 149
10.3.2 150
10.3.3 150
10.3.4 150
10.3.5 151
10.4 151
10.4.1 151
10.4.2 153
10.5 154
10.6 155
10.6.1 155
10.6.2 (Simple Exponential Smoothing) 156
10.6.3 -Winters 157
10.6.4 158
10.6.5 160
10.6.6 160
10.7 161
-2012
v
164
11.1 164
11.1.1 164
11.1.2 164
11.2 164
11.3 168
11.3.1 168
11.3.2 -Index 169
11.4 172
1
-2012
1
g ta
ta
trong phim.
, t
. Khi
1.1
,
.
.
2
-2012
2
).
:
)
,
)
n
.
c th (Bin) Variables: lm c tng th c chn ra
u tu theo mu.
giu, s ti ca c
thnh then cht ca thut ng c thn) ch ca
tng th tr s. Ni ngi cnh
i c ch tin
a h. t gia bin, chng hn gi s ca
bii vi mi m
TNG TH
Population:
.
TNG TH
tng th Population member: t tng th.
THAM S
Tham s Parameter: t k ma mt tng th.
TH
ng th t k ma mt mu.
v tng th t c i hc, tt c
u c t c m ti m
cui tu c ly ra t mi tng th trong ba tng th
bao gc la ch n v mt ch
c c bn tho n bu c
m c h t cuu tra v s th
3
-2012
3
ng hp, nhi trong mi din cho mt b phn ca
nhi bao gm trong tng th.
S tii tt c nhm t cui
tut tham s. tt c ng th c s dng
tic hi trong
cuu tra v s thng th t 30
cui tuc s d ng th
B n
ng dng trong qun tr kinh doanh. Th tp trung
c thu tht b d liu. Thn s dng d liu ca
mt m t lun v mt tng th.
Th bt ngun t nhu c c ch -
hi rng l nh k khong c ta li thc hin mt cu
thu th liu v c ta. Qua nhi
hot trong nhiu t ch
t. Nn tng ca thc d
din s d liu m ng thc s d c
a tng th.
c ng dng trong nhic kinh doan
s d l
s d la chn gi theo
ng ci gian. Qu d
th ci tin chng cn phc sn xut hoch v
i mt t chc. Marketing s dp th ng t l
t sn pht sn phi sao h l
t lun v mt chi ht trong vi
doanh s a mt sn phm.
4
-2012
4
1.2
doanh
r
5
-2012
5
1.3
i.
.
.
, trung
.
3
.
d
e
6
-2012
6
3 = cao
9
13
.
.
.
1
2
.
.
.
2,5
5,8
.
.
.
3
2
.
.
.
3
12
.
.
.
mua
J
A
.
.
.
B
A
.
.
.
38
45
.
.
.
780
1056
.
.
.
7
8
.
.
.
.
.
.
7
-2012
7
2.1 m
Thu thp chc mt k hoch thng nh thu
thp v ng kinh t - i. quu qu
c doanh nghip phi thu th lit nhing hp
i phi thu thp d liu:
M u marketing cn ph u qu ca m
qu.
Mn xuc phm cn phi quynh xem liu mt loi thuc mt
i thuc hic s dng.
n xut mun kim tra m nh xem liu cht
ng c n cty hay
.
Kin kim tra la m nh
xem liu c k c chp nh
M
tn kinh t phc hi.
2.2
2.2.1
c cu, chng h
li c trong mt cuu tra. ch
cu mt l
ng.
8
-2012
8
c nh t hay lo tng thu hin
trc tip b. to ra li i, chng
h lhoc li v
ta hay
:
:
.
.
9
-2012
9
Bin ri rc ch nh c th
tr. , tr i h
.
: 2;
1,5; 0,25; 0,5; 0; 0,25,
Bic nhn bt k m t khong nhnh.
: kho ng ca m
.)
!
:
,
.
2.2.2 i d li
c d n loc s dng
r b l.
bc
liu t nh danh ho bc.
i d li
bit th hng cu tra m tha m
, kt qu tr li vi
10
-2012
10
bc i d lit
th hng c Trong cuu tra m tha m
tr li v h dch v c cung cp bi
bc b lt
i rt nhiu, t
i rt nhic sp xp theo th t ca m th
v bc.
bc mnh danh b
lo hu nhit thui m c
bc vi yu so v
b ln ca s ch gi
bc ch n
.
l
H
H
Blue chip
FPT VNPT
11
-2012
11
liu t ng ho l. Thang
ng b mt s
s c.
- 31
o
3
o
C 28
o
C
-
o
o
o
o
C,
o
C.
- 0
o
l t s
ching, tui hay ti u tra mc
tha m ti k v
ca l. n
ta
o
C
o
C
o
o
H
(SP)
12
-2012
12
2.2.3 i d liu theo ngun
.
i
(VAFI).
2.3 c thu thp
2.3.1 Thu thp d liu
,
nh k
phi l
2.3.2 Thu thp d liiu tra
chn mu:
p t c ca tng th
t k m t, t b, hay
tu tra v
13
-2012
13
u tra chn mu p ch t s c ly ra ca tng
tht luc suy r tng th. u tra chng sn
ph h u tra nhu cu th hiu c v
mt loi sn ph.
.
.
.
g.
T
14
-2012
14
2.4
Tha
,
15
-2012
15
2.4.1
2.4.1.1 M (Simple random sample)
Trong ,
ta
N.
- khi
c.
12290 13110
:
45692 82390 65555 95594
46246 29764 44779 00199
79842 86193 02718 91480
.
: N = 13110 12290 + 1 = 821
: 456, 928, 239, 065, 555, 955, 944, 624, 629,
16
-2012
16
001 821,
sau: 456, 239, 065, 555, 624, 629.
2.4.1.2 Mtheo (Systematic sample)
N
k
n
y
.
g
Sau
= 20
,
.
17
-2012
17
2.4.1.3 M (stratified sample)
ng ta
.
n hay
:
Sau
2.4.1.4 M (cluster sample)
18
-2012
18
2.4.2
M
l
,
l
,
,
.
19
-2012
19
Tu
2.5
2.5.1.1 P
o
o .
o n .
o
o
.
2.5.1.2 P
o
o
o .
o .
o
.
20
-2012
20
2.5.1.3
i
o
o
o .
o
o .
2.5.1.4 Quan
2.6
do (sampling errors):
S
.
do .
(nonsampling errors):
.