Tm hiu h thng world wide web
1.World Wide Web là g?
!"#$%&'('()*+,-
."/01.%233+
4 5'*'*6'*7)*233 .8
9*01 :;<+
='55'*>3*>38
')?"/ @; 5')A'3 BC'
3 D E E<*5)*;FGH?.:
"F*'"# +I<
JC?K1L*%233+MMM."/NC
')O-?P3Q3N;<+RO
!B'-*?)L.%"#0
1S8' *-%.L'M3)*
'*6G*'E)*+
T?)LUV??)L?*K7.DM3+R
E)7 HK7BW'G'>3)*+Q
M3*K7?)L"#."/.*.D.%"#
$X;"Y')* D-EC++<+R"#$
.L*K7'ZW%EB+
Q'M3-%%$'?@:)%)*
"YBC'+++
J%.VN3'."/*M3B(-'(':'
.DV?M34 >3BM3+
QL8-:BM3)*"
L[?Y233\N? 36 ],336
,33^ '' +
2. Cơ ch hoạt động c"a World wide web
M ?>3>3HFLY
T_@X.K"8 *?5
` a'*b."/01.%*5
cM3
JKK;de=<a?"/.5.D *
5233
^*'*7'*6)*_M3 )*
f'*6+
^*?World Wide Web."/?"H '
;hypertext<.DE*'*7 'E233+,"#$0
1'"FB."/V?B>3;web browser<.%N3'
+^"FBW;documents<E.KS;address<
"#01(; .KS."/V?':;domain
name<<5 "FBW.0.L'*6;web server<
%K'B'*76"#N3'+,"#$-%3 *
?)L;hyperlink<'g>3.%8*?)*
D 0 5 3 '* 6 ' c* B "F *+
P E . B' 3 * ? )L "# ."/ V ? M3+
h*B !"#$-%?"8*>3.%?+Q
.7N*6)."/.' +
Mô hnh hoạt động c"a world wide web.
Ngôn ngữ Mark-Up siêu văn bản:
=H.%NM ?M3M3
,H.*N*.K@9*01:&
1'&H."/L)L.%%K*)*
'B*."#[.L*?M3)*+
5.,"#$
BB
4.*60(8
B.%."/K
Trnh
duyt
1.,"#$0
(
2+QBK?
V6"#$ ?
(&'*6$/
3.*6
0?i(&
B
Q?)-B'."/L)-.KS'.KS'VM33
MMM-'.KS.+ JKS."/V?4.KKQ
.5Ede=+
jde=?*Bkde=3 l.3?K7G '1%."/
?"H233+de=$*N"8;f<)-)
*+Vde=-$F+j71mN3'de="8.CY
Yff>>>+? + 'f'3f3>'3+'?
YffY(.(6de=S[? E"F*B')L'
+=V? :+PQQn?
'*co$.%0MMM+
Yff>>>+? + 'f'3f3>'3+'?
>>>Y? E233+G 71>>>S9 ?'
M ?M3M3+J))->>>+
Yff>>>+? + 'f'3f3>'3+'?
? + 'YJC?'*11H'V+J"/L.L"?
': 5'''' ?"?':'a
.S;Q=p<+n(.("#?($-%?'
*':'a.S;Q=p<Y
q+rY"F'E
q+ 'Y**Lo
q+3Y .s* 1*"#.EV
q+ YFc76GO
q+'?YcC.O
q+3Y'E"#$ *,pK1233
q+ Y*a?/
4N HQ=p-.6? E*('G'8 :'c
"+] +r+ Z-*':S."85'H"
+'N aa+ 45. +3 J+] n*+ ^aa
+) t+
Yff>>>+? + 'f'3f3>'3+'?
'3Y"'1D'*11H*M3+Q 71
'3?'D?"H*N+
Yff>>>+? + 'f'3f3>'3+'?
3>'3+'?Y6M33'N3'+Q-%
?)-+Q 71?'?V?u3>'3u+
RvN3''M3'8.8'M33'8.F."
de= JKS-%N3'*3 L8+
^*M33."/"L k
M3c*'E'WB-%%H*3'X.F(
*3 *)L+QZX'*M33L)@i
.L>3"L +^-%@.w'V"#9*%L3
."/"L +
^* M33."/3 ' *YQL
7C[+M33L7."/L?"'
+4o.('L1.L ?
L1+
Ví dụ c"a một URL
="iYRde=W-"'1
3. Máy ch" web
=''*7E(':'3?#(6'*7)*
cB>3c PQQn
P'i'*'-((':'*>3*
c'BM3
n11*?*>3)* *B1.%
*K1L01*b
336>3
j71(':''*6M3
Giao
thức
Máy ch"
Đư@ng
dAn thư
mục
Tên
tp
t3a(':''*65'GL
]2332] ' T33a22T."/7
/ -'*6 ]M >
tM3T33xy_'*6>3-%$
M >zTx=N
{334Tp+;x*C'X7<
4. Web site là g?
/*>3?c6'*C'-' D'
."/)Lc'?)L '?l
1%
J-Z-%?'>3.F?|-*."#)L.L
?cG'>33+
='?.0"#'? E-%
cM ?M3M3
=/."/E 01PQ=f D*1
*%*6>3)*."/K%K'B
3 S[61*6>3+
>33 5'*(Y
y+JKSY;?y*':71Y>>>+tM3+ ' <
}+P _).%?"H>33
~+^*>3)*
•+4>_
€+,L)L>3fh?i>3+
5. Hoạt động c"a một trang web
[>356-+
,5 5'*S[:*B@6
>3+
^*S[."/L PQ= D'1co)*."/0
1.%E >3+
QB01HS[.%K%K>3
'B+
,"#$('>39* de=6-.K
K.KS6'B>3+
QB%(8''*6>3c+
*6>3N0?i(.KK0?E?>3."/(Z
$+
QB>3K]?3'*608%K-'B+
hBX"F)"#$?V)•1?
)L D.:"8 >3+
>33(H"Y
a,6."/N3':7c EL*V?V
"8.L)*+
a,H'c "#.V *)‚>33')L
de=
, ?
?
, ?
?
`f
P3?)
1N3'*)*+JCUV?ƒ?4 3e3ƒ? ‚
>336E)."/)*c?E+
a,H]?3."/"#$N:+
aQ6'*6':"86"# >336'B+
aT?(73 (#+
aQ?(?() ."/>33?( ."/>33+
a4;><."/01+
a^*E."/:+
aQ '"#/5'& "#$ >33?
?( -&'>33*1B')L')+
a,H)i.(."/$)"#01B'>336 +
a,H1'&B')L'."/01:)"#01.m ."/
>33+
j8HEW-*B c*.@.oF*K6'
>33c @E.:HL?"/*% "F
?.
6. Trnh duyt web
='(':'1."/01.%.KK."'(
>3'*6>3?"H?
,-ZK '*6>30?E%K
'B'*76)*
='"FB'*7 !EN3'B'%
M ?M3M3
Trnh duyt Internet Explorer (IE)
RG.BY,*?%"/'B: D'3
T;L)B'%"/BE 'T .L^Y„n '
{?3„233\N? 3„3N? 3+3N3<) 2\W)G.-E"Y
,.KSM3(Y`….KSM3 t35
\3 D* @Gt3.%B''.KS>3.m."/
?"v+
^* *81+
• 4)YQG:"8;L-<+
• { >YQG:;L-<+
• T Yp&#+
• e3]3YQ?E>3#BW?E
6#&>333+
• P '3 Y QG : 6 .F ('.K 233 z
"#.%('.K?66Fc D*C;2\('
.K?Y Y?)<
• { 3YP%KH.KSE7+4E-%'8
*M3'E7 { 3+
• P YP%KH.KSE.mc c*)+
• nY2>3#;L'*76E-)L
8'* E.<+
*)>3
• x3'?"8YT01*.%N3'?"86
>35'-}V*
H*? EH.%.:)%+P D*
'ZG.(*+
• G'0'8Yj '3{?3V,3>+
• G'>3.m?"H.lYj '3{?3Vz3N
Ez3* @4 >3B'.L]?3>3
('G+
• G'0'8&'?)L;?)<Y,*??)(
'GN''3V'1z3,3>M >+
• J-0#Y,* @G-60
D '3{?3V^? 3+
• `M3#NYj '3{?3V
T3++N ET3>33+
• QB'.L"'1(?"HM35…]?3(?"H
{?3'3 * @T3+Q>3#W
."/?.lE"'1'E.mV+^@i9Y)'
>3N.lB2\WE "'1 .%?"H*
- >3"8E*]?3+R !>3
"'1)*B@( !"'16-
3 +
• `'>3NY,*?
(?"N'3Y
• ^V'1T3n3t+++N ET3n3B'.L
"'1(?"HVT3+
• p >? ]?3&?)L>3Y** ?
)L; D*??)L5VT3Q3t+++<)
N E]?3 >? "Y
• ^VT3]?3 )5VzR+P ET3tN+
^V."#[8"'1'?"'T3+
Chú ý:
,L' Ep >? ]?3 ) c*B
>? m )7 V ^? 3 >? N >3
>? '?33+
Rp >? N )%'?E)7"8]?3N3'-‚
F]?3)+,L)7"8]?3 >? :‚F]?3
B >? ?E+
Q "#/ >? ']?3"FB;†+3N3<E
)%'"8)01-+
,L'*76E-.D"FBg/ >?
B-%W)*;N3''G"F€<+
• ^%'m{ YR *>39Lj-%E)
.V."/Lj B] H).@+J%.V."/Em
0%'m)*9*Y,*V
\ "BY
P'md 3;dQ{a‡<Y?] b6c
L+P(*>36j,'.:."/ E3
'm *+,L6E)%K.@.om0)7
Vd 3;dQ{a‡<"8.m+,L)."/m0%*
Y
j3'33M >+=')%'m."/L)L
j,'7>301? E'm+
d33]3YQ"#."/01 *>36
)ƒˆ‰*01*] "#j,'L)L
6L?j,26':,'t4^6':4o+
• Q''.KS *{ 3YJ%.">3#
{ 3E-% '3{ 3Vt { 3N
E"Y
P E?'*7Y
`33?YQL?*7+
T3YQL? '+
^ 3YQL?+
^ 3 YQL?)L+
n 'YQL?"FB
t3Y^*L?'G)*+
QG'."#$B"#@S(cC'
.L'.:.CY
• QL?P '3n3YQP '3n3?>3.."/
:%K'g)E'GB+J%.DE 233
z V'1`33?+QEt3 -'P '33E….K
S(V 'zRG"8+4E-%)7V@d3^3
.%V?'6 D)7@d34?).%‚
'33+T) 'zR.%)L@+QŠ2=2‹dQŒn
Pd•,ŽP•Qe•hd‘,=’QP2“,Qt2”j2‹Q,t•
• x **]?3*Y2\??"?E6*>3."/:
"'1E'+,L6E–mN *@9*
233z V`33?)7Vp3?33{?3+P Ep3?33]?3
+4'zR+
• x * YP ?F?"?E*.KSE.m&?(
N *$+,LE)'H"#$)*LE.m
H B-%N * *.KS P 9*Y
233z V`33?)7V@^?3P +
• P%KfoB)>3YQ c*B0133.%
L)'#6'B?' >3:F
"#"#‚L.%KB>3.+J:
[.L>3GNN7"?E-.%.D
L?@"Y 233z Vt3+
R! NB'V'1T >3+,LE.*
'1>3W%K.(.6BULE‚.*
>36EW)%K* +
4 '*76EYR. ?333-%-:
%'.3 E.L'*76E+N*&*. E'mE ?'
.– >3')*?E?*. E"FB&NV?
t3x+^@-%C'('3 …E D* EH?6E+J%
*.:N-%Nm‚*7@2\"Y
233z „T3+R7V^ '=33?+R7Vp?3G
*) '1 -'t3x^ ?n?T
7. Cách tm kim trên một website.
^-'*.%B')L''E233+Pmo.(B')L'9
.L*.KS-S[233-("H'E[
$"8*'EE-%-:F
H:+
^*)*H?)El8'1'&C‚E-%…*
C‚ B')L'*'*B')L';333<'E+
^sEE-%… B')L'&u233uH'*B')L'W
&'E&….%B')L'*M3-:233+
QB')L'*'*B')L'-%-?*.%E."/*
'E(+Pmo.(B')L'———.KS !EB')L'
m *?)"8.C+
Yff>>>+ ?3+ '
Yff>>>+ + '
Pm$.KS@9S'#B')L'EW
G?m ? B')L''E &&
c+,"8.&-#'M3L'8'GL3
'G'g D'g.KS:0)*9*
')L'E'8 uz3?)3>
> >u DH7'T]5?) ?)LE-%N3'*
M3$'?@+
j71YQB')L'` ?3
`…&) *(B' &) *"B"8.CY
T * @ ` ?3W."**
>3?c.L&) *E.B') EN0?i)Lc9
*N3'N!*>3-'E(+RLc:6` ?3
"#??8E-L?"/" *&) *B')L' )Lc
:6` ?3(8*E(B'+
, E-%B')L'*T3)*"Y
Yff>>>+ + '
Yff>>>+?+ '
‡. Một s địa chỉ web thông dụng
†Qj,'
Yff>>>+3'+ '
Yff>>>++
Yff3N3+3
†^*K1233
^(':':jtT^
Yff>>>++
QC'. *:?Rj2
Yff ++
^{
Yff>>>+]+
†^*Fc76+
Jj,'
Yff>>>++ +
4* 1. E
Yff>>>+3+3+
4*%
Yff>>>+ 3+ +
4"7X
Yff>>>+'+ +