Xây dựng phong cách làm việc của người bí thư huyện ủy hiện nay (qua khảo sát thực tế ở một số tỉnh đồng bằng sông hồng)

HOC
VI£N
CHINH
TRI
-
HANH CHINH QUOC
GIA HO CHI
MINH
y?
BAO CAO TONG QUAN
BE TAI KHOA HOC CAP BO NAM
3007
XAY DUNG PHONG CACH LAM VIEC CUA
NGUfiTI
BiTHlTHUYlNUY HIEN
NAY
•
•
(QUA
KHAO
SAT
THl/C
T^
d
MOT
S6
TINH
06NG
BANG SONG
H6NG)
Ca

quan chu
tri
:
Vien Xay
dumg
Dang
Chu nhiem de tai
: TS.
Ngo Kim Ngan
Thir Ity
de tai
: TS.
Lam
Quoe
Tuan
^ ^
HA NOI - 2008
^6i|
MUC LUC
Trang
Md
dau 1
Chuong 1: PHONG CACH LAM
VlfiC
CUA
NGUC)I
BI
THUHUYfeN
UY
- NHUNG VAN

Df
LY LUAN VA THUC
TI£N
8
1.1. He thong chinh tri
c^p
huy6n
or dong
b^g
song Hong va vai tro
cua ngudd
Bi
thu Huyen uy 8
1.2. Phong
each
lam
vi6c
ciia ngudi
Bi
thu
Huy6n
uy - Quan
ni6m,
cac
y6'u td'
anh huofng
va ti6u
chi
danh gia 30
1.3. Thuc trang

\6
phong
each
lam viec cua dgi ngG
Bi
thu Huyen uy d
viing
d6ng bang song Hong
hi6n
nay 63
Chuong 2: PHUONG
HU6NG,
GIAI
PHAP XAY DUNG PHONG CACH
LAM
VlfiC
CUA
NGU6l
BI
THU
HUY6N
UY
HI$N
NAY 82
2.1.
Muc
ti6u,
phucrng hudng va nhiing nhan td' tac dgng
d6'n
phong

each
lam
vide
cua ddi ngii
Bi
thu Huyen uy d d6ng bang sdng
Hong hien nay 82
2.2.
Giai phap
chii
yeu xay dung phong
each
lam viec ciia ngudd
Bi
thu
Huy6n
uy d dong bang sdng Hong hien nay 85
K£T
LUAN 109
DANH SACH CONG TAC VIEN DE TAI
Ch
Th
Nl
nhiem de tai:
TS Ngd
Knn
Ngan
ky de
tai:
TS Lam Qudc Tuan

m cdng tiic vien thuc hien de tai:
CN Pham
Tlii
Mai Anh
Ths
Tran
Quang Canh
(Bi
thu Huyen
liy
Me Linh, VTnh Phiic)
Tins Doan Manh Chanh
(Bf
thu Huyen uy Tien Lu, Hung Yen)
Ths Le VanCudng
Ths
Nguydn Klidc
Diu (nguyen Bi thu Huyen uy Nam Sach, Hai Duong)
Ths Tran Nhat Dual
Ths Tran Sy Duong
rS
Doan Nam Dan
Ths
Dinh
Nggc Giang
TS Nguyen VanGiang
TS Le
Qyang
Hoan (Ban
Td

chiic Trung uong Dang)
rS
Tran Duy Hung
PGS,
TS Dd Nggc Ninh
TS Dang
Dinh
Phu
1
hs
Phani
i'ai
Thang
TS Ngd Huy Tiep
Tlis
Duong Trung Y
DANH MUC
CAC TLT
VIET TAT
B'FHU
CNH
CNXH
GOVS
DBSH
GCCN
HDND
HDH
PCLD
PCLV
UBND

XHCN
:
3f Ihu
Huyen uy
: Cdng nghiep hoa
:
Chii
nghia xa hoi
: Chuyen chinh vd san
: Dong bang sdng Hong
: Giai cap cdng nhan
: Hdi dong nhan dan
: Hien
dai
hoa
:
Phoii^j,
L.ich
kinli Jao
:
Pliuug Cdcli Ikiu
viec
: Uy ban nhan dan
: Xa hoi chu nghia
MO
DAU
Thuc hien Quyet dinh sd 3452/QD-HVCTQG, ngay 25 thang 12 nam
2006
CLia
Giam ddc Hgc vien Chinh tri Qudc gia Hd

Chi
Minh ve viec trien
khai de tai khoa hgc cap bd nam 2007, De tai da thuc hien nhiing muc tieu,
ndi dung trong de cuong nghien
ciiu,
chiing tdi xin bao cao tong hgp qua trinh
td
chiic thuc hien va ket qua nghien
ciiu
khoa hgc ciia de tai nhu sau:
1.
Tinh
cap thiet cua de tai
Cdng tac can bd ddng vai trd hei
siic
quan trgng, la van de then chdt
trong xay dung Dang; thuc
ti6n
da chiing minh, day la nhan td quyet dinh
thanh cdng hay thai bai cua su nghiep
each
mang. Trong giai doan hien nay,
de thuc hien thdng
Igi
nhiem vu, muc tieu
ciia
thdi ky day manh CNH, HDH
dai
nude
thi phai xay dung ddi ngu can bd cd trinh do, nang

lire,
dac biet la
ddi ngu can bd lanh dao cap huyen.
Mgt trong nhirng ndi dung quan trgng trong cdng tac xay dung dpi ngii
can bd lanh dao cap huyen dd la xay dung phong
each
lam viec (PCLV) cho
ngudi Bl thu Huyen uy (BTHU). PCLV
ciia
ngudi BTHU khdng chi the hien
ve mat khoa hgc va thuc tien quan ly lanh dao ma cdn the hien dao
diic,
xu
hudng, tai nang, nghe thuat tac ddng cua ngudi lanh dao. Ndi
each
khac,
PCLV la su the hien nana luc lanh dao, td chiic, dao
diic ciia ngirdi
lanh dao.
Mat khac, PCLV cdn la su bieu hien ban chat chinh tri-xa hoi cua ngudi lanh
dao trong mgt che do chinh tri nhat dinh.
PCLV cua ngudi BTHU la yeu td quan trong de bao dam tinh chinh xac
cua viec hoach dinh va td chiic thuc hien cac ke hoach trong thuc tien. Ddi
vdi ngudi can bd lanh dao cap huyen, PCLV cang cd y nghTa quan trong, bdi
vi ho la nhiing ngudi chiu trach nhiem cao nhat khi dua ra cac quyet dinh lanh
dao ciing nhu td chiic thuc hien cac quyet djnh nay. Mat khac, day
cQng
la
nhan td tac ddng
true

tiep den viec xay dung, cung cd tinh than doan ket ndi
bd va mdi lien he giira Dang vdi nhan dan. Do dd, xay dung PCLV khoa hoc
cho ngudi BTHU la yeu cau hang dau trong cdng tac xay dung Dang d cap
huyen hien nay.
Trong cdng cudc ddi mdi, day manh CNH, HDH va hdi nhap kinh te
qudc te hien nay, yeu cau ddi mdi phong each lam viec cua ddi ngii BTHU
theo hudng nang ddng, khoa hgc va dan
chii
dang dat ra het
siic biic
thiet.
Trong thuc tien, doi ngu BTHU da cd nhieu cd gang nham xay dung, ddi mdi
phong
each
lam viec de nang cao chat lugng, hieu qua cdng viec. Tuy nhien,
ben canh dd van cdn mot sd BTHU cham ddi mdi, van lam viec theo tac
phong va le
Idi
da khdng cdn phu hgp. Mgt sd BTHU van cdn mac benh quan
lieu, ddc doan, mat dan
chii,
dieu nay da lam giam
siit
ldng tin cua nhan
dan ddi vdi Dang, gay nen tinh trang mat doan ket ndi bd.
Tii
thuc trang dd,
viec ddi mdi phong each lam viec ddi vdi ddi ngii BTHU dang dat ra het
siic
can thiet, nham cung cap cho chung ta luan

cii
khoa hgc de nhan thiic mot
each
diing dan, day
dii
ve PCLV khoa hgc cua ngudi BTHU. Day la yeu cau
quan trgng gdp phan xay dung Dang vung manh. thirc hien thanh cdng
sir
nghiep CNH. HDH ddt
nude.
Ddng bang sdng Hdng (DBSH) bao gdm cac tinh va thanh phd: Ha
Ndi,
Hai Phdng, VTnh Phiic, Bac Ninh, Hai Duong, Hung Yen, Thai Binh, Ha
Tay, Ha Nam, Ninh Binh va Nam Dinh. DBSH
giii
vj tri het
siic
quan trong
ddi vdi vung Bac Bd va ca
nude,
la noi tap trung nhieu trung tam kinh te va
chinh tri, la vung dat cd truyen thdng van hoa va lich
sir
lau ddi. De khai thac
het tiem nang the manh, thiic day DBSH phat trien hon nua, ddi hoi chiing ta
phai cd bude dot pha trong cdng tac can bd, nham xay dung ddi ngu can bd cd
trinh do chuyen mdn, tac phong lam viec khoa hoc, cd dao
diic
va lap trudng
chinh tri viing vang.

Tii
nhijng ly do neu tren, viec
lira
chon de tai Xdy dung phong
each
lam viec cua
ngucd
Bi thu Huyen uy hien nay (Qua khdo sdt thuc te a
mgt
so tinh dong bang song Hong) de nghien
ciiu
la van de cd y nghia
ca ve ly luan va thuc tiln.
2.
Tinh hinh nghien ciifu ciia de tai
Cdng tac can bd giir vi
tri
trong tam trong thdi ky ddi mdi, day la van de
thu
hiit
dugc
sir
quan tam
ciia
nhieu co quan nghien
ciiu ciia
Dang va Nha
nude.
Nhirng cdng trinh nghien
ciiu

nay dugc the hien dudi dang cac Chuong
trinh nghien
ciiu
khoa hgc - cdng nghe cap nha
nude,
cac de tai nghien
ciiu
khoa hgc; luan van, luan an; cac bai dang bao, tap
chi
va sach chuyen khao.
- Ve cdc
Chuang
trinh khoa
hgc-cong
nghe, de
tdi
khoa hoc: Cd the
ke den bao gdm:
• Chuong trinh
KX05-11-02:
Cc
cdu,
tieu
chudn
cdn bg lanh dao chu
chdt cdc cdp uy Ddng trong he thdng chinh tri ddi mdi. Chuong trinh da td
chiic khao sat, nghien
curu
thuc te tai nhieu dia phuong tren ca
nude,

tren co sd
dd xay dung co cau can bd, xac dinh he thdng cac tieu chudn can cd ddi vdi
ddi ngQ cac ca'p uy dang trong he thdng chinh tri thdi ky ddi mdi:
• Chuong trinh KX01-BD03: Cac clu lieu ca bdn dgi
ngU
cdn bg lanh
dao,
qudn ly, cdn bg chu chdt cdc cdp theo 7 vung lanh
thd".
Day la nghien
ciiu
do Ban Td chiic Trung uong Dang thirc hien nam
2003.
Chuong trinh da
khao sat thuc te ddi ngu can bd lanh dao, quan ly, can bd chu chdt cac cap tai
7
viing lanh
thd tren ca
nude,
dua tren tdng hgp kei qua dieu tra, khao sat,
chuong trinh da de xuai nhieu giai phap quan trong nhdm xay dung ddi ngu
can bd giai doan
2003-2010;
• De tai cap Bd: Ndng cao ndng luc td
chicc
hogt dgng
thitc
tien
cila
dgi

ngU
cdn bg chu chdt cdp huyen a phia Bac
nude
ta trong tinh hinh hien nay,
do TS Nguyin Van Sau lam
chii
nhiem. Tren co sd khao sat thuc te nang luc
td chiic hoat ddng thuc tiln cua ddi ngu can bd
chii
chdt tai mgt sd dia phuong
d phia Bdc, de tai da dua ra nhieu giai phap quan trgng nhdm nang cao nang
lire
td chiic hoat ddng thuc tiln cho ddi ngu can bd nay;
• De tai cap Bd: Ndng cao ndng luc td
chitc thiCc
hien nghi
cpiyet ctia
dgi
ngU
cdn bg lanh dao chu chdt d cdc tinh Bac Trung
Bd
do PGS, TS Truong
Thi Thdng lam
chii
nhiem. De tai da nghien cuu mgt each cd he thdng nhiing
va'n dl ly luan va thuc tiln ve cdng tac can bd, tren co sd khao sat, dieu tra
thuc te ddi
ngfl
can bd d cac tinh Bdc Trung Bd, tir dd dua ra nhirng kien nghi
quan trgng nham nang cao nang luc td chiic thuc hien nghi quyei

ciia
ddi ngii
can bd lanh dao
chii
chdt d cac tinh Bdc Trung Bd;
• De tai cap Bd: Dao
di(c ngicdi
cdn bg lanh dao chinh tri trong dieu kien
kinh
tethi
trUdng
dViet
Nam hien nay-
Thvtc
trang vd xu
hicdng
bien dgng, do
PGS,
TS Nguyin The Kiel lam chu nghiem, Vien Triei hgc la co quan chu tri.
Dl tai da xay dung nhiing tieu chuan dao
dire,
khao sat thuc trang va de ra
nhiing giai phap nhdm nang cao pham chai dao
diic
cho ddi ngu can bd lanh
dao chinh tri d Viet Nam.
- Ve luan vdn, luan dn: Trong nhirng nam
vira
qua, da cd mgt sd luan
van, luan an lien quan den van dl nghien

ciiu
nhu:
• Xdy dung dgi
ngii
cdn bg lanh dao chu chdt cua Ddng bg cdc cdp a Tdy
Nguyen hien nay, luan an Tien sy
ciia
Nguyin Mau Dung, thuc hien tai Hoc
vien Chinh tri qudc gia Hd
Chi
Minh;
•
Xdy di/ng
dgi ngU cdn bg lanh dao chu chdt cdp
tinh
vung dong bdng
song Hong trong thdi ky ddy manh cong nghiep hod, hien dgi hod ddt
nicdc,
luan an Tien sy
ciia
Nguyin Thai San, thuc hien tai Hoc vien Chinh tri qudc
gia Hd Chi Minh;
• HS Chi Minh bdn ve nhiing chudn
mi(c
dao
di(c each
mgng
ciia ngicdi
cdn bg ddng vien, luan van Thac sy cua Ngd Duy Phan, thuc hien tai Hgc vien
5

Chinh tri qudc gia Hd Chi Minh;
• Tieu chudn vd con
dicdng
hinh thdnh
ngUdi
Bi
thit,
Chii
tich huyen a
vung dong bang song
Cuii
Long hien nay (qua khdo sdt d
tinh
Ben Tre), luan
van Thac sy
ciia
Huynh Van Long, thuc hien tai Hgc vien Chinh tri qudc gia
Hd Chi Minh;
• Xdy
difng
dgi
ngii
cdn bg lanh dao chu chdt d Quan 3, Thdnh phd
Ho
Chi Minh trong giai dogn hien nay, luan van Thac sy
ciia
Tran Thi Thu, thuc
hien tai Hgc vien Chinh tri qudc gia Hd Chi Minh
Cac Chuong trinh, dl tai, luan van, luan an neu tren da di vao nghien
ciiu tinh

hinh ddi ngu can bd d nhilu dia phuong khac nhau, dudi nhilu gdc
do khac nhau, do dd kei qua nghien
ciiu
cung cd nhirng net dac thu rieng. Tuy
nhien, cho den nay
vtn
chua cd cdng trinh nao nghien
ciiu
mgt
each
chuyen
sau
va toan dien van de
xay
dung PCLV
ciia
ddi ngQ BTHU d vung DBSH. Vl
vay, viec
lira
chgn dl tai nghien
cim
tren se gdp phan lam phong
phii
them ly
luan va thuc tiln, lam can
cii
khoa hgc cho viec xay dung PCLV khoa hgc
ciia
dpi
ngQ BTHU vung DBSH hien nay.

3.
Phirong
phap nghien ciiru
De hoan thanh muc tieu nghien
ciiu,
di
tai da dua tren phuong phap
luan
ciia
chu nghia Mac - Le-nin (duy vat bien chung va duy vat lich sir),
phuong phap phan tich thuc chiing tren co sd bam sat quan diem cua Dang,
Nha
nude
de tiep can, phan tich va
giai
quyet van dl. Ben canh dd de
tai
da sir
dung mgt sd phuong phap nghien
ciiu
khoa hgc khac nhu: lay y kien ehuyen
gia, khao sat thuc te, phuong phap so sanh, phuong phap phan tich - thdng ke,
phuong phap xa
hdi
hoc.
4.
Qua trinh to
chiire
thirc hien
Sau mgt nam trien khai nghien

ciiu,
den nay dl tai da hoan tat cdng viec
cudi cung. Chung tdi xin bao cao qua trinh td chiic thuc hien va kei qua
nghien
ciiu
nhu sau:
• Tren co sd dl cuong da dugc tu van khoa hgc,
chii
nhiem dl tai cung
Vien
xay
dung Dang da xay dung de cuong chi tiet va cac chuyen dt nghien
ciiu
chuyen sau; mdi mgt sd nha khoa hgc tham gia nghien
ciiu.
De tai da ky
hgp ddng vdi
timg
can bd khoa hgc trong va ngoai Hgc vien, mgt sd ddng chi
da va dang giu cuong vi BTHU
ciia
mgt sd huyen khu vuc DBSH theo phuong
thiic thue khoan chuyen mdn;
• De phuc vu cdng tac nghien
ciiu,
dl tai da thu thap dugc 2 tap
tai
lieu
vdi sd lugng 300 trang, gdm 2 tap;
• De tai da td chiic nghien

ciiu
thuc te tai cac tinh Hai Duong, Ha Nam,
Nam Dinh,
Vinh
Phiic, da lam viec vdi Ban Tuyen giao Tinh uy, Ban Td chiic
Tinh uy, Huyen uy mgt sd huyen thugc cac tinh neu tren;
• Dl tai da td chiic toa dam khoa hgc ban vl nhung quan diem chinh
ciia
de tai va cac hudng nghien
ciiu
chinh;
• De tai da thu dugc 17 chuyen dl
ciia
cac cdng tac vien.
5.
Cac muc tieu, nhiem vu de tai da dat dugc
5.7. Muc tieu
E>e
tai da van dung ly luan chu nghia Mac- Lenin, tu tudng Hd Chi Minh
va quan niem cua Dang ta ve cdng tac can bd de danh gia thuc trang PCLV cua
ddi ngu BTHU vung DBSH. Qua dd, dl tai da dl xuat phuong hudng, giai phap
xay dung PCLV
ciia
ddi ngu BTHU viing DBSH trong giai doan hien nay.
De tai da cung cap luan cu khoa hpc cho
viec ddi
mdi,
nang cao chai
lugng PCLV cho ddi ngu BTHU viing DBSH trong giai doan hien nay.
5.2. Nhiem vu

7
De tai da hoan thanh mgt sd van de nghien
ciiu
sau:
- Lam rd mgt sd pham
trii,
khai niem va
nhung
van dl ly luan va thuc
tiln nhu: he thdng chinh tri vung DBSH va vai trd ngudi BTHU, quan niem vl
PCLV
ciia
ngudi BTHU va
cac
tieu chi danh gia;
- Nghien
cihi,
khao sat thuc te PCLV cua ddi ngQ BTHU d vung DBSH,
qua dd chi ra
nhung
uu, khuyet diem, bai hgc kinh nghiem va yeu cau
ciia
viec
xay dung PCLV cho ddi ngu BTHU;
- De xuai phuong hudng, giai phap nhdm xay dung PCLV khoa hgc cua
ddi ngu BTHU vung DBSH trong thdi ky CNH-HDH dai nude.
6. Ket qua nghien ciifu.
De tai da
xay
dung dugc mgt ky yeu khoa hgc gdm: 17 chuyen dl vdi

tdng sd trang la ; mgt bao cao tdng hgp gdm trang , ngoai phan md
dau
va ket luan, bao cao tdng hgp gdm 2 chuong:
Chuang /: Phong each lam viec
ciia
ngudi Bi thu huyen uy- nhung va'n
de ly luan va thuc tiln.
Chuang
II:
Phirong hirdng, giai phap
chii
yeu nham xay
dimg
phong
each
lam viec
ciia
ddi ngQ Bi thu Huyen uy
\aing
dong bdng sdng Hdng hien nay.
NOIDUNG
Chuong 1
PHONG CACH LAM VIEC CUA
NGl/ClI
BI THU HUYEN UY -
NHUNG
VAN DE LY LUAN VA THUC
TIIN
1.1. HE THONG CHINH TRI CAP HUYEN
6

DONG BANG SONG
HONG
VA
VAI TRO CUA
NGUdl Bl
THU HUYEN UY
1.1.1. Dac diem kinh te-xa hoi viing dong bang song Hong
DBSH la vung dat mau md, dugc hinh thanh do
sir
bdi dap phu sa
ciia
cac sdng nhanh can Bac va can Nam
ciia
sdng Hdng va mgt he thdng sdng
ngdi phiic tap chay ra vinh Bac Bd qua 9
ciia
sdng.
Viing ddng bang sdng Hdng nam ngay canh phia Nam
ciia
dudng Bac
chi
tuyIn,
giua vT dp 22°00' va
21°30'
Bdc va kinh dp
105°30'
va
107°00'
Ddng. Nd cd hinh dang dien hinh
ciia

mpt viing chau thd, vdi day la dudng bd
bien keo dai
130
km tu trung tam md than va cang Thanh phd Ha Long d phia
Bac,
den diem cue Nam eua tinh Ninh Binh d phia Nam. Dinh cua tam giac
nay thay ddi theo thdi gian cung vdi su md rpng cua nd va hien tugng muc
nude
bien nit xudng.
Khu trung tam
ciia
vung DBSH dat dai bang phang, phan
Idn
nam d dp
cao tir 0,4 m den 12 m so vdi muc nude bien, vdi 56% cd dp cao thap hon 2
m. Tuy nhien cung cd nhung khu vuc dat cao, dudi dang eacxto da vdi hinh
thanh cac ddi rieng biet gidng nhu cac dinh mii nhpn va nhung day ddi nui
dpc theo hai canh Tay-Nam va Ddng-Bac
ciia
viing.
Phan
Idn
vung dat
ciia
ddng bang sdng Hdng dugc 2 loai de bao ve:
3000 km de ngan lu cua he thdng sdng
va 1500
km de bien ngan sdng
Idn ciia
cac con bao d vinh Bac Bd.

Khi hau d day la nhiet ddi va can nhiet ddi. Gid
miia ciia
viing Ddng A
cd vai trd
chii
dao ddi vdi viing. Nhiet dp khdng khi trung binh nam khoang
22,5-23,5°C va lugng mua trung binh
nam
1400-2000 mm.
DBSH la viing cd lich
sir
phat trien lau ddi. Nhan dan ed trinh dp hpc
van, cd kinh nghiem lam an. Day la viing dat cd dieu kien thich hgp cho phat
trien ndng nghiep. Nd dugc nhieu nha sir hgc coi la noi hinh thanh va phat
trien cua dan tdc Viet, mpt ndi van hda quan trpng cua ngudi Viet. DBSH cd
kinh te ndng nghiep phat trien, cd nen cdng nghiep tuong ddi phat trien so vdi
viing khac.
VI mat hanh chinh, DBSH cd 85 huyen va 96 thi tran vdi tdng dien tich
la 14.806
km^
Chiing nam trong 9 tinh, thanh phd cdng vdi mpt phan cua 2
tinh khac. Mat dp dan cu d ddng bang chau thd sdng Hdng la cao nhat Viet
Nam (1.192
ngudi/km^).
Tdng dan sd cua viing la 17.649.700 ngudi (2003)'.
Day la trung tam chinh tri, van hoa
eiia
ca nude. La trung tam giao luu,
dich vu, thuong mai, du lich cua cac tinh phia Bac. DBSH nam d vj tri trung
tam ciia

sir
giao luu giira viing Ddng Bac vdi viing Tay Bac, giira viing
niii
phia Bac vdi mien Trung. Do vi tri tu nhien, DBSH trd thanh noi ra bien
ciia
cac tinh phia Bac va so dieu kien phat trien hoat ddng lien van qudc te. Viing
la dau mdi giao thdng
ciia
ca nude va ra
nude
ngoai; la noi cung cap cac tien
bd khoa hpc va cdng nghe cho cac vung khac; noi
dao
tao va cung cap can bd
cho ca nude.
Cac con sdng
Idn ciia
Ddng bang sdng Hdng deu bat ngudn tir viing nui
phia Bac, rdi dd ra bien Ddng. Mpi tac ddng len mdi trudng, nhu chat pha
rirng, nia trdi dat d cac tinh dau ngudn, deu gay ra anh hudng va tac ddng len
Ddng bang sdng Hdng.
Ddng bang sdng Hdng chiu anh hudng rat manh cua bien Ddng
va
anh
Xem:
http//wikipedia.org/viewNevv.asp?newsld=575&zoneld=10
10
hudng
ciia
bao

lut
ve
miia
mua. Ve
miia
can, dp man
tir
bien xam nhap sau
vao dat lien anh hudng den nude sdng va cac hoat ddng san xuat cua viing
ven bien. Ddng chay ngugc khi trieu len mang theo
nude
man vao sau trong
dat lien, tren sdng Hdng la 20 km, tren sdng Thai Binh la 40 km.
Bdng 1.1: Mot so
chi
tieu co so ha tang vung DBSH so sanh voi
cac
viing
khac
Cac
chi
tieu so sanh (%)
1.
Sd xa cd dien
2.
Sd xa cd trudng tieu hgc
3.
Sd xa cd trudng phd thdng co sd
4.
Sd xa cd tram y te

5.
Ty le hd cd
sii
dung
nude
sach
6. Sd xa cd
phii
sdng truyen hinh
Ca
nirdc
89,1
98,9
85,3
98,7
78,09
92,3
DBSH
99,8
99,9
99,6
99,9
91,09
97,9
DBSCL
98,3
79,9
84,0
99,3
45,41

98,3
DNB
98,3
99,7
75,0
99,0
91,98
97,0
Nguon: Nien gidm Thong ke ndm 2006, Tong
cue
Thong ke, Ha Noi, 2007.
Vdi vi tri dia ly thuan
Igi,
DBSH cd nhieu
Igi
the so sanh so vdi cac dia
phuong khac trong ea nude. Viing DBSH cdn cd
Igi
the cua mgt trung tam
hang dau
ciia
ca nude. La
viing
cd the manh cua vi tri dia ly: noi tiep
xiic
vdi
ben ngoai cua cac tinh phia Bac, noi tiep giap
giu-a
Ddng Nam A va Ddng Bac
A; cd vi tri chien luge ve phat trien dat nude va hgp tac qudc te cua Viet

Nam; cd dudng hang hai qudc te va dudng xuyen A di qua, cd cac cang bien
Hai Phdng, Cai Lan, cac san bay qudc te, cd Thu dd Ha Ndi la trung tam
chinh tri, kinh te, van hoa, khoa hpc cdng nghe
Idn ciia
ca viing Bac Bd va ca
nude;
la dau mdi giao thdng quan trpng, tir DBSH di cac noi rat thuan tien,
bang ca dudng bd, dudng sat, dudng sdng, dudng bien, dudng hang khdng.
Sir
phat trien kinh te- van hoa- xa hdi
ciia
viing DBSH hdi tu dugc cac yeu td
de thu
hiit
vdn dau tu trong va ngoai nude; cd y nghTa tac ddng va lan toa true
tiep den cac tinh trung du- mien
niii
phia Bac va cac tinh Khu
IV
cu, eae viing
chua phat trien. La viing cd the manh ve tai nguyen thien nhien: dat dai mau
11
md, cd da vdi, tai nguyen dau md, khi ddt dang dugc tham dd. DBSH cung la
vimg cd the manh ve tai nguyen con ngudi, tai nguyen tri tue va khoa hgc
cdng nghe.
Viing cd
Igi
the manh ve kinh te: mgt trong hai vua lua cua ca nude,
cac hoat ddng dich vu (thdng tin, chuyen giao cdng nghe tu van ) phat trien;
cd nen cdng nghiep can ddi

Viing
cd he thdng ket cau ha tang tuong ddi
ddng bd; vimg cd tiem nang
Idn
de phat trien trong nhirng
nam
trudc mat.
Hien nay, DBSH dang la dia ban thu hut vdn dau tu trong va ngoai
nude,
quy
md dau tu vao viing dang tang.
Cac hoat ddng dich vu tai chinh, ngan hang, vien thdng, xuat nhap
khau, du lich, tu van, chuyen giao cdng nghe eua DBSH md rdng ra tren
pham vi ca nude,
chii
yeu la d cac tinh phia Bac. Vdi the manh ve vi tri dia ly,
tai nguyen thien nhien, co sd ha tang va chat lugng ngudn nhan
lire,
nam
2006,
vimg DBSH ddng gdp 23,3% GDP cua ca nude, tdng thu ngan sach cua
viing khoang 35,5 nghin ty ddng, chiem 25,3% thu ngan sach cua ca nude; gia
tri kim ngach xuat khau chiem 20,5% tdng kim ngach xuat khau cua ca nude;
thu
hiit
dugc khoang 27% vdn dau tu true tiep nude ngoai trong tdng sd vdn
dau tu nude ngoai
ciia
ca
nude'.

DBSH la mgt trung tam du lich
Idn
vdi nhieu tiem nang ve canh quan
thien nhien, ve di tich van hoa, lich sir, dan tdc, va cung gan cac viing xung
quanh cd nhirng tiem nang du ljch quan trgng, cd the tao thanh cac tuyen du
lich lien viing.
Ben canh nhung thuan
Igi
neu tren, DBSH van gap khdng it khd khan,
thach thirc ve kinh te-xa hdi. Trong nhung nam vira qua, do tinh hinh xam
thuc tren luu vuc kha manh, nen sdng Hdng cd lugng cat bun
Idn
nhat trong
cac sdng d nude ta. Hang nam lugng cat bun gdp phan lan ra bien hang tram
Tong
cue
Thong ke, Nien giam
Thong ke Viet
Nam
ndm
2006, Nxb. Thong
ke.
Ha Noi, 2006. tr.87.
12
hecta dat mdi. Lugng cat bun nay lam cho nhieu cua sdng va ludng
lach
bi bdi
lang nen thudng xuyen phai nao vet.
Cac thanh phd va khu cdng nghiep ngay cang phat trien lam cho
nude

sdng Hdng dang bi d nhiem cue bd va cd nguy co bi d nhiem tren toan tuyen,
dien tich dat ndng nghiep ngay cang bi thu hep va d nhiem. Theo khao sat,
hien nay, d viing DBSH cac ndng hd cd rat it rudng dat, binh quan mdi hd chi
cd 0,1 den 0,3 ha, lai chia thanh nhieu d,
thiia
khac nhau, do dd viec co gidi
hoa ndng nghiep gap nhieu khd khan, day la thach thirc
Idn
ddi vdi su phat
trien ben
virng ciia
ca viing.
Do mat dp dan sd cua DBSH
Idn,
theo dieu tra dan sd vimg DBSH,
miic
sdng
ciia
cu dan thap, chenh lech giira cu dan thanh thi va ndng thdn
Idn
va khoang each ngay
cang
doang ra, nen mpt sd dan vimg DBSH hien cd
khoang 15,5 trieu dan, dan sd sdng d thanh thi khoang hon 4,5 trieu ngudi, la
vung cd mat dp dan sd ddng nhat
ciia
ca
nude.
Dan sd ddng cung tao ra ap
lire

ve viec lam ddi vdi toan viing.
DBSH chua san xuat du eae san pham cdng nghiep cho nen hang nam
chi dap ling 45%) nhu cau, cdn lai 35% phai dua tir cac vung khac vao va 20%
phai nhap tir
nude
ngoai. Diem xuat phat cua nen kinh te thap. GDP dau
ngudi nam 2006 chi dat 9.493.000 ddng/ngudi/nam (binh quan ca nude la
8.348.000 ddng. Ddng Nam Bd la
11.758.000
ddng)'. Cho
d6n
nay, kinh tk
ciia
cac huyen vung DBSH van edn chu yeu dua vao ndng nghiep, cham
chuyen dich ve co cau kinh te.
Ben canh dd, tap quan lam an cii kT, khd sira ddi, chiu tac ddng lau dai
ciia CO
che quan ly quan lieu bao cap, thien ve
giir
dp dn dinh hon la tap tmng
thiic day phat trien. Day la nhung
lire
can ddi vdi
sir
phat trien cua viing. Tdc
dp phat trien
ciia
viing can day nhanh trong khi dang thieu vdn, chinh sach
' Tong
cue

Thong ke, Nien gidm
Thong
ke
ndm
2006, Nxb. Thdng ke, Ha Noi, 2007, tr. 73.
13
luat phap chua ddng bd, co sd vat chat,
kT
thuat yeu, cu, thieu.
1.1.2. Vi tri, vai tro va dac diem cua cap huyen
a
dong bang sdng Hong
1.1.2.1. Vi tri cua cdp huyen viing dong
bdng
song Hong
ca'p huyen la mpt ca'p trong he thdng td chiic bd may cua Dang va Nha
nude
ta hien nay, cap huyen la ca'p trung gian, la cau ndi giua cap tinh va ca'p
CO
sd. ca'p huyen chiu su lanh dao, quan ly true tiep cua cap tinh; ddng thdi,
ca'p huyen lanh dao, quan ly
true
tiep va toan dien ddi vdi cap xa, dam bao cho
cap xa thuc su la
cau
ndi giua Dang, Nha
nude
vdi nhan dan. Ca'p huyen vung
DBSH giir mgt vi tri quan trgng trong qua trinh day manh CNH, HDH hien nay.
Theo he thdng td chiic bdn cap cua bd may Dang va Nha nude hien nay

thi ca'p huyen la ca'p dam bao su gdn kei, lien thdng toan bd cac hoat ddng xay
dung ndi bd Dang, hoat ddng lanh dao, va td chiic thuc hien
cac
nhiem vu
chinh tri ddi vdi ca'p xa, dam bao cho hoat ddng
ciia
he thdng td chiic bd may
nay van
hanh
mgt each hieu qua. Vdi vi tri dd, cap huyen la ca'p dam bao cho
dudng
Idi,
chu truong
ciia
Dang, chinh sach va phap luat
ciia
Nha nude, cac
chil truong, chinh sach
ciia
tinh den cap huyen va cu the hoa
phii
hgp vdi dac
diem tung dia ban co sd; lanh dao, td
churc
cho cac Dang bd, chi bd chinh
quyen ca'p co sd cu the hoa nhung van dl nay vao thuc tiln cudc sdng. He
thdng chinh tri cap huyen bao dam su kei ndi lien thdng toan bd cac hoat ddng
xay
dung Dang, Nha nude va cac doan the chinh tri - xa hdi, lam cho he thdng
chinh tri hoat ddng mgt each chat che, thdng sudt va thdng nhai tir cap co sd

den ca'p tinh.
Vdi vi
tri
la co quan lanh dao, quan ly true tiep ddi vdi cap xa. cac hoat
ddng cua Dang bd va chinh quyen cap huyen gdn
liln
vdi hoat ddng
ciia
he
thdng chinh tri cap co sd, dam bao cho ca'p xa ndm vung tam tu, nguyen vgng
cua nhan dan, giiip cap tinh ndm vung thdng tin tren cac
linh
vuc ddi sdng xa
hdi,
tren co sd dd bao cao Trung uong xay dung cac chinh sach phat trien phu
14
hgp vdi dac diem
ciia
timg dia phuong.
1.1.2.2. Vai
trd,
chitc
ndng cua cdp huyen viing dong bdng song Hong
Xuai phat vi tri nhu vay, ca'p huyen
la
cap lanh dao, quan ly ca'p co sd
mgt
each
true tiep, toan dien, sau
sat

tren mgi
linh
vuc ddi sdng xa hdi. Mgt
mat, cap huyen cd trach nhiem lanh dao, quan ly cac
linh
vuc chinh tri, kinh
te,
van hoa, xa hdi, an ninh, qudc phdng tren dia
ban
huyen. Mat khac, cap
huyen cdn phai chiu trach nhiem trudc nhan dan trong huyen va ca'p tren ve
nhung khuyet diem, yeu kem, tdn tai trong cdng
tac
lanh dao, trong viec td
chiic thuc hien dudng loi,
chii
truong
ciia
Dang, chinh sach, phap luat cua Nha
nude.
Huyen la ca'p cu the hoa cac
chii
truong, phuong hudng, nhiem vu, ke
hoach cua
tinh
vao dieu kien cua dia phuong; lanh dao, chi dao, phdi hgp vdi
cap
CO
sd thuc hien tdt cac nhiem vu ma cap tren giao. Ben canh dd, cap huyen
cd trach nhiem gdp phan phdi hgp chat che vdi

cac
co quan, ban nganh thuc
hien tdt qui hoach tdng the
ciia
tinh tren dia
ban
huyen, cung vdi cap tinh giai
quyet nhiing van dl phat sinh trong mdi quan he giua cap tinh vdi huyen, giua
nhan dan dia phuong vdi cap tinh. Xuai phat tu vi tri, vai trd neu tren, ca'p
huyen thuc hien cac nhiem vu cu the sau:
- Lanh dao, chi dao va thuc hien viec cu the hoa nhung
chii
truong,
phuong hudng, nhiem vu, ke hoach
ciia
tinh, thdng qua viec xay dung thanh
cac de an, chuong tnnh hanh ddng
ciia
cap huyen va td chiic thuc hien. Cap
huyen phai quan triet Nghi quyet Dai hdi Dang bd tinh; cac nghi quyei, chinh
sach cua HDND
tinh;
cac nghi quyet, quyei dinh, chuong trinh, dl an
ciia
UBND tinh thdng qua viec td chirc hgc tap, nghien
ciiu
de cu the hoa thanh
cac chuong trinh hanh ddng phu hgp vdi dilu kien thuc te
ciia
dia phuong. Sau

dd, lanh dao, td chiic cho cap co sd cu the hoa cac ndi dung nay vao thuc te eo
sd; thuc hien ddn ddc, kiem tra, phdi hgp vdi cap eo sd giai quyei tdt nhung
va'n dl phat sinh, thuc hien tdt nhiem vu cap tren giao.
15
- Lanh dao, quan ly cap co sd trong viec xay dung chinh
quyIn
co sd
vung manh, thuc hien tdt Qui che ddn
chii
ca sd. Xay dung bd may chinh
quyen vung manh, thuc hien dan
chii
d co sd la nhiem vu hang
dau ciia
ca'p
huyen. Cdng viec nay ddi hdi ca'p huyen phai ndm rd dac dilm cua tirng don vi
CO
sd, chi dao
sau
sat va quan ly chat che viec thuc hien ehu trucmg, chinh
sach
ciia
Dang, phap luat eua Nha
nude,
nghi quyet
ciia
tinh, huyen, qua dd cd
nhung hinh thiic, phuong phap td chiic thuc hien d co sd, thudng xuyen kiem
tra
sau

sat viec chap hanh cac qui dinh
ciia
Dang va Nha nude vl
xay
dung bd
may va thuc hien dan
chii
d co sd.
- Lanh dao phat trien kinh te d dia phuong, day la nhiem vu quan trpng
va hei
sire
nang nl.
Phan Idn
ca'p huyen gdn liln vdi kinh te ndng nghiep va
ndng thdn. Do dd, nhiem vu hang dau trong lanh dao phat trien kinh te
la
phat
trien ndng nghiep, ndng thdn thdng qua cac hoat ddng eu
thi
nhu: lanh dao
chuyen dich co ca'u kinh te ndng nghiep, cdng nghiep, tieu
thii
cdng nghiep d
ndng thdn; tim kiem thi trudng cho san phdm ndng nghiep; xay dung co sd ha
tang
ndng thdn (dien, dudng, trudng, tram, he thdng thuy
Igi);
thuc hien cac
bien phap khuyen ndng; giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao ddng
- Lanh dao phat triln van hoa-xa hdi d dia phuong. DBSH la viing cd

truyin thdng lich sir va van hoa lau ddi, viec gin giu va phat triln
cac
truyin
thdng nay la nhiem vu hei sire quan trgng ddi vdi cap huyen. Ben canh dd, ca'p
huyen cdn phai lanh dao va chi dao viec thuc hien cac chinh sach phat trien
van hoa- xa hdi nhu:
xay
dung he thdng giao
due
(xoa mil chu, xay dung
trudng ldp, ddi ngQ
giao
vien ); phat trien
sir
nghiep y te d dia phuong; phat
trien he thdng thdng tin tuyen truyin; bai tru te nan me tin, di doan, xay dung
ddi sdng van hoa mdi
- Lanh dao
xay
dung, gin giu an ninh, qudc phdng d dia phuong. DBSH
la noi tap trung nhilu co quan chinh tri
dau
nao
eiia
ca nude; la viing kinh te
trgng diem, vdi nhilu nganh kinh te mQi nhgn, la vung cd mat dp dan cu
16
ddng Chinh vi vay, viec dam bao an ninh chinh tri, an ninh kinh te la mgt
yeu cau hei
siic

quan trgng ddi vdi ca'p huyen viing DBSH. Trong nhung nam
qua, ciing vdi
sir
phat trien
ciia
kinh te, tinh hinh an ninh-qudc phdng d viing
DBSH diln ra hei
siic
phirc tap, dd la: tinh trang khieu kien ddng ngudi keo
dai,
su chdng pha
ciia
cac the
lire
thu dich; trdm cdp, cd bac Thuc trang nay
ddi hdi phai xay dung he thdng chinh tri ca'p huyen thuc su viing manh mdi
dam bao dugc
sir
dn dinh an ninh-qudc phdng, dilu kien quan trgng cho
sir
phat trien
ciia
kinh te.
1.1.2.3. Ddc diem cua cdp huyen viing dong bdng song Hong
Theo qui dinh
ciia
phap luat, huyen la mgt trong bdn ca'p hanh chinh
ciia nIn
hanh chinh qudc gia, huyen cd chirc nang chu yeu la hudng dan, giup
dd va kiem tra chinh

quyIn
co sd thuc hien nhiem vu phat trien kinh te-xa hdi,
giu gin an ninh- qudc phdng tren dia ban huyen. Cung nhu cac huyen khac
tren ca nude, huyen d vung DBSH la cap trung gian
ciia
chinh
quyIn
dia
phuong (ndm giua cap
tinh
va cap co sd) khdng true tiep tiep xiic vdi dan, dd
la diem khac biet so vdi chinh
quyIn
co sd. Tuy nhien, ben canh nhung dac
diem chung, ca'p huyen d vung DBSH cd mgt sd diem dac thu khac vdi cac dia
phuong khac sau day:
Thic
nhdt, huyen d DBSH la dia ban phat trien ndng nghiep, tieu
thii
cdng nghiep va ngu nghiep. O day dai dai phi nhieu, mau md, thdi tiet thuan
loi;
la vung ddng bdng dugc tao nen bdi hai he thdng sdng
Idn
la sdng Hdng
va sdng Thai Binh, dugc bao bgc bdi he thdng de chdng
IQ
kien cd, dai dai
bang phdng, phi nhieu, khi hau nhiet ddi
va
can nhiet ddi gid mua, day la dilu

kien thuan
Igi
dl DBSH phat trien kinh te ndng nghiep.
Tir khi thuc hien dudng loi ddi mdi
ciia
Dang, dac biet tir khi thuc hien
Nghi quyei 10 cua Bd Chinh tri den nay, kinh te ndng nghiep
ciia
vung DBSH
da cd nhung
bude
phat triln quan trgng.
Siic
lao ddng trong nhan dan dugc
17
giai phdng, tai nguyen dai dai dugc khai thac cd hieu qua, co sd vat chai ky
thuat trong ndng nghiep va phuc vu ndng nghiep dugc tang cudng,
nIn
san
xuai ndng nghiep dat mirc tang trudng kha.
Bang 1.2: San xuat nong nghiep vung DBSH qua cac nam
San xuat nong nghiep vimg
DBSH
Gia tri san xuat ndng nghiep (ty
VND)
(Gia so sanh nam
1994)
Tdc do phat trien gia tri san xuat
ndng nghiep qua cac nam
(nam trudc

=
100)
1995
16575,8
100
1998
19402,0
109,7
2004
22321,1
107,9
2006
23102,1
108,1
Nguon:
Nong nghiep Viet
Nam:
1995-2006,
Tong
euc
Thong
ke.
Ha
Noi,
2006.
Ngoai ra, viing DBSH cQng cd mgt sd huyen thude cac tinh nhu Thai
Binh, Nam Djnh, Ninh Binh, Hai Phdng tiep giap vdi bien, day la dilu kien
hei
siic
thuan

Igi
de phat trien nganh nudi trdng, danh bdt thuy san. Vdi nhirng
tiem nang va dieu kien thuan
Igi
de san xuai ndng nghiep, cac huyen d vung
DBSH dlu
la
nhung dia
ban
trgng dilm vl nudi trdng,
danh
bdt thuy san.
O
cac huyen nay da hinh thanh cac vung nudi trdng, che bien thuy san
Idn,
nhilu
ddi tau danh bdt thuy san xa bd San lugng thuy san nudi trdng va
danh
bdt
khdng ngimg tang, vdi
miic
tang binh quan hang nam dat
8-11%.
DBSH cung la vung cd nhilu lang
nghi
truyin thdng tdn tai tir lau ddi.
Tuy nhien, trong mgt thdi gian dai,
cac
lang
nghi

truyin thdng khdng cd co
hdi phat trien,
nghi
truyin thdng da mai mgt, thai truyin. Tir khi thuc hien
cdng cudc ddi mdi den nay, cac lang
nghi
da phuc hdi manh me
va
phat trien
nhanh chdng. Ben canh nhung lang
nghi
truyin thdng nhu: san xuai hang my
nghe kham trai (huyen Thudng Tin- Ha Tay), det lua to tdm (Ha Ddng- Ha
Tay),
nhieu lang
nghi
mdi da hinh thanh nhu: do gd my nghe Ddng Ky, san
18
xuai sdt thep d Da Hdi ( huyen Tir Son- Bdc Ninh), san xuat phu tiing xe may
(huyen Nam
True,
Nam Dinh), san xuat da my nghe xuai khau (huyen Nho
Quan, Yen Khanh-Ninh Binh)
Vdi dac trung la cac huyen san xuai ndng, ngu nghiep
va
thu cdng
nghiep, mgt trong nhung nhiem vu quan trgng
hang
dau
ciia

ca'p uy va chinh
quyIn
cap huyen dd
la
lanh dao ca'p co sd
va
nhan dan san xuai thdng qua cac
cdng viec nhu: xay dung co sd ha
tang
ndng thdn, khuyen ndng, tim kiem thi
trudng cho ndng san, hd trg ky thuat san xuat cho ndng dan Day la nhiem
vu het
sure
khd khan
ciia
cap uy va ngudi BTHU vung DBSH.
Thic
hai, cap huyen d viing DBSH mang dam net truyin thdng van hoa
va quan he xa hdi cua cdng ddng dan cu ndng nghiep lau ddi, nhung
cQng
sdm
chiu nhung tac ddng
ciia nIn
kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng XHCN. DBSH la
trung tam van hoa, chinh tri lau ddi cua ca
nude,
vdi khoang 1.700 di tich lich
sir van hoa dugc xep hang, chiem hon 70% sd di tich
ciia
ca nude. Day la vung

dai cd nhieu di tich lich sir, van hoa ndi tieng nhu: chiia Huong, chiia Phat
tich, chua Dau,
din
thd cac vua nha Ly, cd dd Hoa Lu Vdi nhilu
Igi
the
so vdi cac vung kinh te khac trong ea nude, ngay tir rai sdm, kinh te thi trudng
da
xam
nhap va cdng cudc CNH, HDH da diln ra d vung DBSH, dilu nay
gdp phan thiic day
sir
phat
irien ciia
ca viing.
Tuy nhien, ben canh nhung
Igi
ich ma
nIn
kinh te thi trudng va cdng
cudc CNH, HDH mang lai, cac huyen d vung DBSH cQng chiu khdng it tac
ddng tieu
cue.
Dd la su tac ddng tir mat
trai
cua
nIn
kinh te thi trudng, nhung
tac ddng nay da
lam

thay ddi, tham chi
lam
bien dang
cac
quan he xa hdi
truyin thdng tdn tai tir hang ngan nam lich sir. Trong nhung nam vira qua, ben
canh viec tu tao, sira chua cac di tich van hoa, lich sir qudc gia, thi
tinh
trang
xam
pham cac di tich nay cQng dang diln ra mgt
each
phd bien. Cac ll hdi
va
sinh hoat van
hoa
truyin thdng dang dan mai di ban sde, thay vao dd la tinh
trang "thuong mai hoa", "hien dai hoa" Cac hoat ddng me tin, di doan, cd
19
bac
da xuai hien mpt
each
tuong ddi phd bien, lam mai di tinh tdn nghiem,
truyin thdng tdt dep
ciia
ll hdi.
Nhung tac ddng
ciia nIn
kinh te thi trudng va CNH, HDH
cQng

da tac
ddng khdng nhd den quan he xa hdi d ndng thdn vung DBSH. Cac quan he hg
tdc,
lang gilng bi phai nhat; nhilu mdi quan he mdi xuat hien ben canh nhung
quan he cd truyin; su phan hoa thu nhap,
miic
sdng;
sir
khac nhau vl nep
nghi,
Id'i
lam an da lam cho quan he xa hdi ngay cang trd nen phiic tap.
Nhung nhan td tren day cd anh hudng va tac ddng khdng nhd tdi ddi
ngQ can bd ndi chung, trong dd cd ddi ngQ can bd la BTHU.
Thdba,
ca'p huyen d vung DBSH dang chiu nhieu
siic
ep trong tien trinh
CNH, HDH dai nude. Cung vdi nhung thanh tuu vl kinh te - xa hdi ma cdng
cudc CNH, HDH mang lai, cac huyen vung DBSH dang chiu khdng it ap luc
nay sinh tir CNH, HDH, dd la:
(1).
Sir
phat trien kinh te-xa hdi
ciia
vung chua tuong xiing vdi tilm
nang va
Igi
the. Mirc tang va ddng gdp GDP cua cac huyen viing DBSH cdn
tha'p.

Nin
cdng nghiep vl co ban
van chi
la gia cdng, so che, phu thude vao
nguyen lieu
ciia
nude ngoai va
eiia
cac vung kinh te khac nen gia tri gia tang
ma cdng nghiep mang lai cdn thap. Kim ngach xuat khau binh quan dau ngudi
nam 2004
chi
bdng 88% so vdi ca
nude
va bdng khoang 20-25% so vdi viing
Ddng Nam Bd; chua cd
chii
truong phat trien cac san pham
chii lire
ed uu the
canh tranh.
Trong
linh
vuc ndng nghiep, nang suai lao ddng va gia tri thu nhap tinh
tren don vi dien tich cdn thap, chi phi cao; san pham san xuai ra chua mang
tinh canh tranh cao, chua dap ung yeu cau phat trien nhanh va ben vung
ciia
vung. Cdng nghiep phat trien kha, song
van
cdn mang tinh tu phat; cdng tac

qui hoach va thirc hien qui hoach edn yeu, chua bam sat yeu cau dl ra, dae
biet la trong viec phat trien cac khu cdng nghiep, lang nghe. Chua hinh thanh
20
cac viing san
xuat
ndng san tap trung phuc vu xuai khau. He thdng cac doanh
nghiep tu nhan cdn nhd be, cac doanh nghiep nha
nude
lam an chua hieu qua
van cdn nhieu va cham dugc ddi mdi.
Sir
phat trien
ciia nIn
kinh te cQng da
pha vd kei cau ha tdng cua vung, he thdng dudng sa giao thdng, cang bien,
dudng dien da trd nen qua tai, xudng cap, ddi hdi phai dau tu nhilu hon nua
de dap ung nhu cau phat trien
bin
vung
ciia
viing.
(2).
Dudi tac ddng
ciia
CNH, HDH, bd mat cac huyen vung DBSH da
thay ddi mgt
each
sau sde, nhimg ben canh dd cung
lam
nay sinh nhilu van de

xa hdi hei
siic
phirc tap. Trudc
sir
phat trien
ciia
CNH, HDH, dai dai canh tac
ciia
vung DBSH ngay
cang
bi thu hep, dilu nay da dan tdi hang loat he qua ma
cho den nay vin chua cd hudng giai quyei. Dd la, tinh trang ngudi lao ddng
thieu viec lam, hoac cd viec lam nhung khdng dn dinh; cdng tac day
nghi
cho
ngudi lao ddng ddi du do thu hdi dai chua lam tdt; lao ddng d ndng thdn dd ra
dd thi nhilu, tao nen
sire
ep vl viec lam, ddi sdng va an ninh trat tu
ciia
dd thi.
Su phat trien
ciia
cdng nghiep viing DBSH da de doa den
sir
can bdng
mdi trudng sinh thai. Dai dai canh tac
cay
luong thuc bi thu hep, theo tinh
toan, giai doan 1981-1995, binh quan dai ndng nghiep tren mgt hd ndng

nghiep giam
41%
va tren mpt nhan
klidu
ndng nghiep giam 44,2%'. Dien tich
dai canh tac ngay cang giam, nhudng chd cho cac khu cdng nghiep, cdng trinh
ha tdng giao thdng da din tdi
sir
de doa vl an ninh luong thuc ddi vdi viing
DBSH va ca nude. Tinh trang d nhilm ngudn
nude,
khdng khi, dai dai la
nguyen nhan
true
tiep din tdi
sir
hinh thanh nhilu "lang ung thu", "canh ddng
chei", "ddng sdng chet" d viing DBSH.
Tinh
trang phan hoa giau ngheo diln ra mpt each nhanh chdng. Ben
canh mgt so hd giau len mgt
each
nhanh chdng thi khdng it hd lai roi vao hoan
' Khoa Van hoa Xa hoi ehu nghTa- Hoc vien Chinh tri
quoe
gia Ho Chi
Minh,
Cdc
gidi phdp phdt
huy vai trd cua vdn hod trong qud trinh phdt trien kinh te-xa hoi a nong thon dong bdng Bdc Bo, de

tai nghien ciru khoa hoc cap Bo, Ha Noi,
200!
(tai heu luu hanh noi bo).
21
canh hei
siic
khd khan do thieu dai san xuat, khdng cd
nghi
nghiep sau khi bi
thu hdi dai, kha nang thich nghi vdi loi lam an mdi cdn cham, lam cho khoang
canh giua ngudi giau va ngudi ngheo ngay cang ed xu hudng doang ra. Cac
quan he truyen thdng d lang xa nhu
Mng
gilng, ddng hg da khdng cdn dugc
ben chat nhu trudc day.
Tinh
trang trdm cdp,
hiit
xach, ed bac, va cac te nan
xa hdi khac da
xam
nhap vao ndng thdn. Day la nhiing thach thiic va cQng la
ap luc ddi vdi cac huyen viing DBSH trong tien trinh CNH, HDH.
(3).
Trudc su phat trien
ciia
CNH, HDH ddi hdi chinh
quyIn
cap huyen
phai khdng ngimg nang cao nang

lire
lanh dao va quan ly mgi mat ddi sdng
kinh te- xa hdi. Kinh te thi trudng cang phat trien va xam nhap manh me vao
ndng thdn ddi hdi chinh
quyIn
cap huyen cang phai nang ddng, ed
dii
nang
luc de td chiic va quan ly
nIn
kinh te- xa hdi tren dia ban huyen. Tuy nhien,
trong nhQng nam vira qua, d nhilu huyen viing DBSH, cap uy va chinh
quyIn
ca'p huyen vin cdn hei
sire
lung tung trong lanh dao va td chiie
nIn
kinh te.
Nang
lire
lanh dao va td chirc cua nhilu
can
bd huyen vin chua tuong xiing
vdi nhiem vu dugc giao. Mgt sd can bd thoai hoa, bien chai, tinh trang nhQng
nhilu, cira
quyIn
d ca'p huyen vin chua dugc cham dirt. Xay dung ca'p huyen
manh, cd
dii
nang

lire
lanh dao va td chirc phat trien
nIn
kinh te- xa hdi, day
nhanh qua trinh CNH, HDH dang la thach thiic dat ra ddi vdi cdng tac can bd
d vung DBSH hien nay.
1.1.3. Vai tro, chirc nang, nhiem vu va dac diem ciia ngudi Bi thu
Huyen uy viing dong bang sdng Hong
1.1.3.1. Vai tro, chitc ndng, nhiem vu
ciia
ngudi Bi thu Huyen uy
Can bd va cdng tac can bd giu vi tri dac biet quan trpng ddi vdi
sir
phat
trien
ciia
mdi mpt qudc gia, du qudc gia dd phat trien theo dinh hudng XHCN
hay TBCN.
Chii
nghia Mac - Lenin va tu tudng Hd Chi Minh ludn khdng dinh
va dl cao vai trd con ngudi trong tien trinh xay dung xa hdi mdi. Ngay tir the