Nâng cao năng lực cạnh tranh của công ty tnhh tm và dv phi kha miền bắc

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DHKTQD

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TRUONG DAI HOC KDNH tE QUdC DAN
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Oai

hqc k.t.q.d

TT THONG TIN THUVIEN

PHONG LUAN AN-WLIEU

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LE HONG SON

NANG CAO NANG LtfC CANH TRANH QUA
CONG TY TNHH TM VA DV PHI KHA MIEN BAC
CHUYEN NGANH: kinh tE phat triEn

LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE

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•

NGUOl HVdNG DAN KHOA HOC: PGS.TS. NGUYEN NGOC SON

TH S.
HA NOI - 2014


LOI CAM DOAN

Toi xin cam doan, day la cong trinh nghien cuu cua rieng toi. Cac so lieu

thu thap, trich dan, xu ly tu cac nguon chlnh thuc va cua rieng tac gia. K£t qua
neu trong luan van la trung thuc, chua tung duoc cong bo trong bat ky cong
trinh nao khac.

Ha Noi ngay 30 thang 9 nam 2014

Le Hong Son


LOI CAM ON
Trude tien, toi xin chan trong cam on cac thay co trudng Dai Hoc Kinh Te
Quoc Dan, cac thay cd Khoa Ke hoach va Phat trien, cac thay cd Vien dao tao sau
dai hoc da cung cap cho toi nhtrng kien thuc vo cung quy bau trong suot thdi gian
hoc tap va nghien cuu tai trudng.
Dac biet, toi xin bay to long cam on sau sac den thay giao hudng dan PGS. TS
Nguyen Ngoc Son - Khoa Ke hoach va Phat trien, trudng Dai hoc Kinh Te Quoc

Dan da tan tinh hudng dan toi hoan thanh luan van.
Toi xin cam on ban be, dong nghiep va nhtrng ngudi than trong gia dinh da
luon ung ho, tao dieu kien, chia se kho khan va dong vien toi trong suot qua trinh

hoc tap, nghien cuu de hoan thanh ban luan van nay.

Tran trong cam on!


YEU CAU CUA HOI DONG CHAM LUAN VAN THAC SI VE
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Vien dao tao SDH

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Hoc vien

1 Neu hpc vien co trach nhiem chinh sira theo yeu cau cua Hoi dong cham luan vSn. Trong tririmg hop khong chinh sira
sS khong dirge edng nhan kit qua bao ve
Hoc vien phai dong ban yeti cau chinh sira nay vao cuoi luan van chinh thuc khi nop cho vien DT SDH


CONG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM
Doc lap- Tu do- Hanh phuc

NHAN XET BAN LUAN VAN THAC SY

De tai: “Nang cao nang lye canh tranh cua cong ty TNHH thwong mai va dich vu Phi Kha Mien
Bic”
Tac gia: Le Hong Son.
Chuyen nganh: Kinh te phat trien
Ngudi nhan xet: Ts. Tran Thi Bich Ngoc.

Don vi: Khoa kinh te va quan ly dai hoc Bach khoa Ha Noi.

NHAN XET:
1. TONG QUAN CHUNG:
Ve tinh cap thiet cua de tai: Theo danh gia cua cac chuyen gia trong llnh vuc xay dung, san pham cua nhom
va he vach nhom kinh Ion co chat luong tot, dat cac tieu chuan trong kien true xay dung se mang den giai phap
tiet kiem nang luong hieu qua cho cac cong trinh xay dung. Qua do mang lai loi ich cho ngudi tieu dung, toan xa
hoi va hop vdi chu trirong cua Nha nude. Chinh vi vay, thdi gian qua thi trudng nhom kinh xay dung Viet Nam
da co nhieu khdi sac dang ke vdi su gop mat cua nhidu doanh nghiep san xuat trong nude va ca cac san pham
cao cap nhap ngoai. Su chung lai trong tang trudng nganh bat dong san trong thdi gian quan do anh hudng suy
thoai kinh te toan cau cung gop phan lam ra tang canh tranh trong thi trudng nganh nay va viec tim kidm cac giai
phap nang cao nang luc canh tranh cua cac doanh nghiep trong nganh la can thiet va vi vay dS tai nghien cuu cua
tac gia Le Hong Son thuc hien cho cong ty TNHH thuong mai va dich vu Phi Kha Midn Bdc la co tinh cap thiet
cung nhu y nghTa thuc tien cao.

Ket cau va hinh thuc trinh bay: Luan van gom 80 trang , khong bao gdm phan md ddu, ket luftn va tai lieu
tham khao, dupe bo cue thanh ba chuong, trong do chuong I: 25 trang; chuong II: 28 trang; chuong 3:18 trang.
Luan vdn cd day du ldi noi dau, ket luan tirng chuong, tai lieu tham khao. In an sach dep, nhieu bang (10 bang),
so do, bieu do(08) minh hoa, danh muc cac chu cai vidt tat va tai lieu tham khao. Tuy nhien, luan van khong
dinh kem bat ky phu luc nao, con loi chinh ta trong in an. Nhin chung, Luan van dap ung cac yeu cau co ban cua
luan van cao hoc.

2. NHAN XET CHI TI^T:
- Chuong 1: Co so' ly luan ve nang luc canh tranh cua doanh nghiep.
Trong chuong nay trinh bay kha day du ve cac co so ly thuyet can thiet cua de tai nhu khai niem ve canh
tranh(khai niem, phan loai); ndng luc canh tranh(khai niem, cap do, cac tieu chi danh gia, cac nhan td tac dong,
phuong phap danh gia); kinh nghipm nang cao NLCT cua cac doanh nghiep xay dung. Chuong nay uu diem la
cac noi dung dupe trinh bay vdi dung luong vua phai, co dong, cd tinh Logic. Mot sd khai niem co ban duoc
trich tir nhieu tai lieu cd gia tri tham khao tot. Tuy nhien: trinh bay phuong phap nghien cuu vdi viec sir dung cac
chuyen gia danh gia theo 15 tieu chi duoc trinh bay tai bang 1.1 trang 22 cua chuong nay mang tinh co sd ly luan

chung cho cac DN thi chua nen vi co tieu chi nhu nang luc thang thau khong danh cho bat cu doanh nghiep nao
vi vay phan nay tdt nhat nen trinh bay vao chuong 2 de danh cho doanh nghiep nganh kinh xay dung.
Ngoai ra: trong 15 tieu chi danh gia cua bang do cd mot sd tieu chi mang tinh phan anh nang luc canh tranh, mot
sd lai la tieu chi cau thanh nang luc canh tranh nen do luong cac tieu chi do se rat kho khan(vi du: nang luc quan
ly, nang luc nghien cuu, nang luc Marketing... nang luc nhieu khi van con d dang tiem nang, chua the hien het,
chua khai thac het dupe cho nen do duoc nang lire do khong de dang). Ngoai ra, neu da dung nang luc cua cac
hoat dong chuc nang thi con nhung hoat dong nhu thong tin, nhan luc... chua thdy duoc tac gia nhac tdi. In an
doi cho con sai chinh ta. Phan kinh nghiem cua cac cong ty xay dung d cuoi chuong cd le vira thira cac doanh
nghiep xay lap nhu HUD, SONG DA, VINACONEX ma lai thieu trinh bay chuyen sau cho cac doanh nghiep
san xuat va thi cong lap dat phan kinh xay dung cho cac toa nha nhu Phi Kha?


- Chircrng 2: Thuc trang nang lu-c canh tranh cua cong ty TNHH thirong mai va dich vu Phi Kha Mien
Bae.
Trong chuong nay trinh bay tom tat qua trinh hinh thanh va phat trifin cua cong ty(5.2008) voi cac san phim
chinh la cac cua va cac he thong mat dung ciing mQt s6 phu lieu di kem, mot so chi tieu co1 ban ve k£t qua va
hieu qua tai chinh, hieu qua lao dong, thi phan cua cong ty, ty le trung thau, chi phi san xuat va gia trung thau
cua mot so san pham cong ty. Danh gia nang luc canh tranh cua cong ty theo phuong phap da trinh bay tai
chuong 1 dua tren ket qua dieu tra 40 phiSu de so sanh tren 15 tieu chi danh gia so sanh NLCT cua cong ty vdi
03 doi thu canh tranh(Euro Window; Tid, Viet Due). Phan tich cac nhan td anh huong den nang luc canh tranh
tu moi truong vT mo va moi truong nganh va moi truong vi mo, danh gia chung vi NLCT cua cong ty Phi Kha
noi chung voi nhung mat dat duoc va mat han che cung cac nguyen nhan cua cac han che do.
Nhin chung: each to chuc cac noi dung viet trong chuong va gan ket chat che voi nhau va co nhieu so lieu phong
phu minh hoa. Mot so han che mot so bang khong the hien thdi gian(chi phi, gia), chua co thong tin ve each
chon chuyen gia va each lay tra Idi bang cau hoi dieu tra cac chuyen gia de co thong tin lam nghien cuu(40 phieu
dieu tra): chua the hien minh bach tai phan Phu Luc LV, each tinh diem trong so cua mdi tieu chi chua duoc giai
trinh thau dao. Ngoai ra, neu thong tin ve mire chat luong cac san pham chinh cua cong ty dirge trinh bay va so
sanh voi cac san pham canh tranh va nhu cau thi truong san pham kinh xay dung tai Viet nam hien nay duoc
trinh bay cu the thi se ro hon rdt nhieu.
-Chuong 3: Giai phap nang cao NLCT cua cong ty TNHH thircmg mai va dich vu Phi Kha Mien Bac.

Trong chuong nay 04 nhorn giai phap(phat trien thi phan, nang cao hieu qua tai chinh, nang cao hieu qua sir
dung lao dong, da dang hoa mau ma san pham) tren co so xem xet mot loat cac can cu hinh thanh cac giai phap
nhu: boi canh kinh te quoc te, xu huong phat trien nganh, chien Iuqc thi truong nganh va chien lupc phat trien
cua chinh cong ty Phi Kha. Nhin chung, cac giai phap cung co gan ket voi cac ket qua rut ra tir chuong 2 va neu
duoc thuc hien ciing se mang lai str gia tang ve NLCT cho cong ty. Tuy nhien, phin trinh bay noi dung tung giai
phap van con mang tinh dinh huong, chua duoc trifin khai cu the nen gia tri ap dung chua cao.
3. KET LUAN:
Luan van dat yeu cau ca vi hinh thuc Ian noi dung. Tac gia luan van xirng dang duoc bao ve trudc Hoi dong
cham luan van thac sy va neu thanh cong thi duoc cong nhan hoc vi Thac sy kinh te chuyen nganh Kinh te phat
trien.

Ha noi ngay 21/11/2014.

Ngirdi phan bien ky ten

Ts. Tran Thi Bich Ngoc.
Cau hoi:
1. Phan biet khai niem canh tranh cap doanh nghiep va cap san pham? Chi ra trong mot so tieu chi danh gia nang
luc canh tranh tirng loai? Mdi quan he giua chung?

2. Khach hang cua cong ty la ai? Nhung yeu cau chinh cua ho ddi voi san pham cua cong ty la gi? Tren cac yeu
cau do hay cho biet: nang lire canh tranh san pham hien nay cua cong ty dang bi yiu nhdt d dau? Vi sao biet?
Khac phuc diem yeu do bing giai phap nao?


TRUONG DH KTQD

CONG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM

Doc lap - Ty do - Hanh phuc

Khoa ke hoach va phat trien

NHAN XET LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE
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Chuyen nganh : Kinh te phat trien

De tai: Nang cao nang lye canh tranh cua cong ty TNHH va DV
Phi Kha mien Bac
Cua cao hoc vien: Le Hdng Son

1. Sir can thiet cua de tai
Nen kinh te nude ta ngay cang hoi nhap sau rong vao nen kinh te the gidi
da va dang mang den nhung co hoi thuan loi mdi, nhung dong th di cung chua
dung nhieu nguy co thach thuc ldn doi vdi cac doanh nghiep trong giai doan
trudc mat cung nhu lau dai. Thach thuc co tinh bao trum nhat, do la cac
doanh nghiep Viet Nam phai duong dau vdi nhieu doi thu canh tranh hon, co
quy mo ldn hem, nang lire va trinh do cao hem, khong nhung tren thi trudng
the gidi ma ngay tai thi trudng nude nha.
Hien tai, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam noi chung cd nhieu diem bat loi
tren thi trudng: quy mo nho, cong nghe lac hau, nang luc quan ly han che,
hieu qua san xuat kinh doanh thap...Nhung diem bat loi nay da tao nen ap
luc ldn, chua dung trong do nhieu nguy co dan den su thua thiet doi vdi cac
doanh nghiep Viet Nam tren ca hai thi trudng trong nude va thi trudng the
gdi.
Trong thdi gian qua, cung vdi su phat trien cua nganh xay dung, thi trudng
nhom kinh cung khong ngimg ldn manh ve quy mo, chat luong. Sir phat trien

cua thi trudng nhom kinh keo theo hang loat cac cong ty hoat dong trong linh
virc nhom kinh ra ddi, dan tdi sir canh tranh ngay cang gay gat. Cong ty
TNHH va DV Phi Kha mien Bac, mac du da cd tren 20 nam hoat dong trong
linh vuc san xuat tieu thu Nhom kinh, vdi quy mo va chat lirqng san pham
ngay cang tang len, song trudc nhung bien dong bat loi cua nen kinh te trong
thdi gian gan day cung da roi vao tinh the kho khan, lam thay doi tuemg quan
lire luqng tren thi trudng nhom kinh mien Bac. Trudc tinh hinh do, viec nang
cao nang lire canh tranh cho cong ty la mot nhiem vu cap bach trong giai
doan hien nay.
Vdi nhung ly do do, de tai nghien cuu cua luan van noi tren la can thiet, cd
y nghia thuc tien cao.
2. Danh gia ve nhirng thanh cong cua luan van
Luan van dai gan 90 trang, dupe ket cau theo 3 chuong. Ten cua cac
chuong muc hop ly, dam bao tinh logic.
Thanh cong chu yeu cua luan van the hien tren nhung diem chinh sau day:
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- Da he thong hoa dirge nhtrng van de ly luan co ban ve canh tranh va nang
lire canh tranh, chi ra dirge cac nhan to anh huong den nang luc canh tranh
cua doanh nghiep, dua ra dugc he thong cac chi tieu danh gia nang luc canh
tranh cua doanh nghiep. Dac biet luan van da khai quat dugc phuong phap
danh gia nang luc canh tranh, ap dung phuong phap xay dung ma tran hinh
anh canh tranh thong qua viec lay y kien chuyen gia. Luan van cung da thuc
hien khao sat kinh nghiem cua mot so cong ty trong linh vuc xay dung va rut
ra dugc 3 bai hgc cu the ve cac mat nhu: Kinh nghiem mo rong thi phan; xay
dung thuong hieu ; va mo hinh hoat dong cua cong ty. Toi cho rang phan ly
luan trinh bay trong chuong I la kha tot, cd sue thuyet phuc lam co scr cho
viec phan tich danh gia o chuong 2 va dinh huong va giai phap o chuong 3.
Da phan tich va danh gia mot each kha day du va toan dien thuc trang nang
luc canh tranh cua Cong ty theo cac tieu chi danh gia; phan tich kha thuyet
phuc ve cac nhan to anh hudng den nang luc canh tranh cua CT Phi Kha, tir
cac yeu to vi mo, cac nhan to thuoc moi trudng nganh va dieu kien cua doanh
nghiep. Cd the thay phan phan tich nang luc canh tranh dugc tac gia thuc
hien kha chi tiet, cd sd lieu minh chung rd rang, thu thap y kien cac chuyen
gia de hinh thanh nen ma tran hinh anh nang luc canh tranh. Cac du lieu va

tinh toan dugc thuc hien kha phu hgp nhung phan tich ve dinh tinh. Luan van
chi ra dugc nhung diem manh, diem yeu cua cong ty Phi Kha khi so sanh vdd
cac doi thu canh tranh true tiep cua cong ty tai thi trudng mien Bac. Cac nhan
to anh huong den nang luc canh tranh dugc luan van phan tich kha chi tiet,
chung to tac gia cd sir hieu biet kha tuong tan ve thuc trang kinh doanh cua
cong ty va co su tim hieu kha ky ve cac doi thu. Theo toi, tac gia da cd
phuong phap phan tich khoa hoc, thu thap dugc kha nhidu thong tin va tir
viec phan tich thuc trang da rut ra dugc nhung nhan dinh xac dang theo tirng
phan khuc thi trudng.
Luan van da chi ra dugc nhung mat dugc, nhung ton tai va nguyen nhan
phii hgp vdri tinh hinh thuc te cua cong ty.
Luan van da de xuat quan diem va phuong hudng nang cao nang luc canh
tranh cua Cong ty Phi Kha Mien Bac tren co sd xac dinh 3 can cu. Da de xuat
4 nhom giai phap nang cao nang luc canh tranh va mot so kien nghi vori nha
nuoc. Neu xet mot each tong the, cac giai phap de xuat cd nhung khia canh
cd the chap nhan dugc.
Toi cho rang, vori nhung thanh cong dat dugc tren day, luan van da dap
ung dugc nhung yeu cau co ban cua mot luan van cao hgc.
3.
Han
• che cua luan
• van
Luan van con co mot so han che ca ve noi dung va hinh thuc.
Thie nhcit, ve noi dung: Ben canh thanh cong cua chuong 1 va 2, co the noi
noi dung chuong 3 la phan dudi nhat cua luan van. Ve can cu, luan van phan
tich dac diem quoc te qua xa chu de nghien cuu;xu hudng phat trien nganh va
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thi truong con so sai; Can cu ve chien lupc kinh doanh cua cong ty la chua
trung va chua dung ( neu co the chi nen dat de muc la : Tam nhin-su menh —
muc tieu hoat dong cua cong ty). Muc quan di£m: chua dung noi dung va
muc dinh huong lai sa vao giai phap. Trong khi do, phan giai phap, luan van
lai cat doc theo cac tieu chi - la each tiep can khong hop ly.Le ra cac giai
phap phai xuat phat tu nhung nguyen nhan cua han che da chi ra d chuong 2,
cung nhu can xuat phat tu bai hoc kinh nghiem thanh cong cua cac doi thu,

xet trong nhung dieu kien mdi cua Cong ty. Theo ngudi doc do la: Giai phap
ve huy dong von; giai phap ve cong nghe; giai phap ve nhan lire; ve dau vao;
ve to chuc bo may va nang luc quan ly; ve dieu hanh san xuat.
Cac kien nghi doi vdi Nha nude la khong can thiet vi qua xa vdi.
TZzw- hat, ve hinh thuc: Can sua so muc (tri3) tu 1.2.1.1 thanh 1.3.1.1.);
Trang 20, khi noi ve phuong phap chuyen gia ( ly thuyet), chua nen noi ve
chuyen gia trong linh vuc nhom kinh; Tai cac trang 22-23, nguon cua cac
bang 1.1 va 1.2 : khong phai la tu tac gia xay dung, vi cac bang nay da cd rat
nhieu tai lieu dang tai, cd chang Tac gia xay dung dua tren co so cua tac gia
khac; trang 48, noi ty suat loi nhuan la khong chuan xac, ma la suat lpi nhuan
binh quan tren mot lao dong; Muc Chien luge kinh doanh (tr 71) can sua lai
la Tam nhin-su menh-muc tieu hoat dong cua cong ty; Ngoai ra danh muc tai
lieu tham khao cung can sap xep lai cho dung van a,b,c.
Phan tom tat luan van qua ngan va khong dung theo quy dinh, chua phan
anh trung thanh noi dung cua Ban chinh luan van.
Bo cue cua luan van con chua that can doi, trong khi chuong 1 dai 36 trang,
chuong 2 dai 28 trang, chuong 3 chi 18 trang.
4.
Ket luan:
Tom lai, luan van dam bao duoc tinh logic va he thong. Tac gia da biet
van dung ly thuyet mot each kha chac chan vao viec phan tich, danh gia thuc
trang. Ket qua nghien cuu luan van la mot cong trinh nghien cuu doc lap va
co gia tri tham khao tot cho doanh nghiep. Ket cau luan van chat che, loi van
gon gang, sue tich, dien dat ro rang. Danh gia chung, luan van dap ung duoc
yeu cau cua mot luan van cao hoc kinh te, chuyen nganh Kinh te phat trien.
Ha Noi, ngay 21 thang 11 nam 2014
Ngudi nhan xet
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PGS.TS. Le Huy Due


MUC
• LUC
•
LOI CAM DOAN

LOI CAM ON

DANH MUC CHU* VIET TAT
DANH MUC BANG BIEU, SO DO
TOM TAT LUAN VAN............................................................................................. i
LOI MO DAU............................................................................................................. 1

Chuong 1: CO SO LY LUAN VE NANG Ll'C CANH TRANH CUA
DOANH NGHIEP...................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Co su ly luan ve canh tranh............................................................................. 6
1.1.1 Khai mem........................................................................................................... 6

1.1.2 Phan loai canh tranh........................................................................................... 7

1.2. Nanni ire ccnh trran.......................................................................................... 9
1. 2. 1. Khai niem........................................................................................................... 9

1.2.2. Cac cap do nang luc canh tranh.......................................................................... 10
1.3. Nnng lec cnnh tranh cua doanh nghiep.......................................................... 13
1.3.1. Cac tieu chi danh gia va phuong phap danh gia NLCT cua doanh nghiep....... 13
1.3.2. Cac nhan to tac dong den nang luc canh tranh cua doanh nghiep...................... 23
1.3.3. _Kinh nghiem nang cao NLCT cua cac doanh nghiep xay dung......................... 36
.

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Chuong 2: THUC TRANG NLCT CUA CONG TY TNHH TM VA DV PHI
KHA MIEN BAC..................................................................................................... 40
2.1 Qua trinh hinh thanh va phat trien cua cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi
Kha Miln BSc................................................................................................ 40
2.1.1 Lich su hinh thanh va phat trien....................................................................... 40
2.1.2 Tinh hinh hoat dong cua Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac
Linh vuc hoat dong cua cong ty...................................................................... 41

2.1
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3

Thec trnng NLCT cua cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac.......43
Thi phan.............................................................................................................43
Gia thanh san pham............................................................................................ 45

Hieu qua tai chinh............................................................................................. 47

2.2.4 Hieu qua su dung lao dong va nang suat lao dong............................................. 48
2.2.5 Chung loai va chat luong san pham.................................................................. 49


2.2.6 Thuong hieu va danh tieng................................................................................. 50

2.2.7 Ty le trung thau................................................................................................. 511
2.2.8 Danh gia NLCT cua Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien BSc theo
phuong phap chuyen gia................................................................................... 52
2.3

Danh gia cac nhan to tac dongden NLCT cua cong ty Phi Kha.................... 53

2.3.1 Cac nhan to moi truong vi mo.......................................................................... 53
2.3.2 Cac nhan to moi truong nganh..........................
56

2.3.3 Cac nhan to noi bo doanh nghiep...................................................................... 58
2.4 Danh gia chung ve NLCT cua Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha

Mien Bac......................................................................................................... 63
2.4.1 Thanh tuu dat duoc............................................................................................ 63

2.4.2 Nhung han che...................................................................................

64
2.4.3. Nguyen nhan cua nhung han che....................................................................... 67
Chuong 3: GIAI PHAP NANG CAO NLCT CUA CONG TY TNHH TM VA
DV PHI KHA MIEN BAC........................................................................... 68
3.1 Cac can cu de xuat dinh huong va giai phap nang cao NLCT cua Cong

ty THHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mi£n BSc.......................................................68
3.1.1 Boi canh kinh te va quoc te................................................................................ 68
3.1.2 Xu hudng phat trien nganh va thi truong san xuat va thi cong nhom kinh....... 70
3.1.3 Chien luoc kinh doanh cua Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac
71
3.2

Quan diem va dinh hudng nang cao NLCT cua cong ty TNHH TM va

DV Phi Kha Mien B3c................................................................................... 73
3.2.1 Quan diem.......................................................................................................... 73
3.2.2 Dinh hudng......................................................................................................... 73

Giai phap nang cao nang NLCT cua cong ty THHH TM va DV Phi
Kha MiSn BSc................................................................................................. 74
3.3.1 Giai phap phat trien thi phan.............................................................................. 74
3.3.

3.3.2 Nhom giai phap nang cao hieu qua tai chinh..................................................... 75
3.3.3 Giai phap nang cao hieu qua su dung lao dong va nang suat lao dong.............. 79
3.3.4. Giai ppapddnndann mau ma chhnnl ooi s an pham........................................... 82

Mot so kien nghi vdi co quan quan ly cua nha nwc..................................... 83
KET LUAN................................................................................................................. 86

DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO................................................................ 888
3.4

PHU LUC................................................................................................................... 90


DANH MUC CHU VIET TAT
BIDV

: Ngan hang dau tu va phat trien Viet Nam

GDP:

: Thu nhap binh quan dau ngubi

DV

: Dich vu

HDTV

: Hoi dong thanh vien

HUD

: Tap doan phat trien nha va do thi

ISO 9001

: Tieu chuan he thong quan ly chat luong

ISO 14001

: Tieu chuan ve he thong quan ly moi trubng

NLCT

: Nang luc canh tranh

OECD:

: To chuc hop tac va phat trien kinh te

Showroom

: Diem trung bay san pham

Smart Door

: Cong ty TNHH Smart Door

TCVN

: Tieu chuan Viet Nam

TID

: Cong ty co phan TID

TNHH

: Trach nhiem huu han

TM

: Thuong mai

VEF

: Dien dan kinh te the gioi

VIEGLASS:

: Hiep hoi kinh xay dung Viet Nam

VLXD

: Vat lieu xay dung


DANH MUC BANG BIEU, SO DO
BANG
Bang 1.1

Tieu chi danh gia NLCT..................................................................22

Bang 1. 2

XCc dinh chi so NLCT.....................................................................23

Bang 2.1

Bang tom tat mot so chi tieu tren ban candoi ke toan...................... 42

Bang 2.2

CCt pCi san xuat va gia mot ss san pCamPCt KCa va
Eutowindow................................................................................... 46

Bang 2.3

Chi tieu hieu qua ati chinC............................................................... 47

Bang 2.4

Chi tieu danh gia hieu qua str dung vanang suatlao dong............... 48

Bang 2.5

Moi so chung san pham cua Phi Kha vaEurowindow.................... 49

Bang 2.6

Chi so NLCT cua moi so cong ty.................................................... 52

Bang 2.7

Tlnh hinh lao dong cua cong ty....................................................... 60

Bang 2.8

Tnu^Igt ke moi so du an tieu bieu...................................................... 61

SO DO

So do 1.1

Luu do danh gi aChoochuon gndpp nUyye n gia.............................. 21

So do 1.2

Id o h'mh 5 pp luc canit annic cua Minaael oorter............................. 27

So do 2.1

So do co cuuto chuc........................................................................ 40

BIEU DO

Bteu do 2.1

DoaiLh ihu va ic/i nhuan.................................................................. 43

Bteu do 2.2

San iuxyng thi cong nhom kinh cua Phi Klia vaEurowtndow......... 44

Bteu do 2.3

Thi phan nhom kinh cao cap mien baccca mot so iCki cung cap....45

B teu do 2.4

Thong so dau thau.......................................................................... 51

Bteu do 2.5

Co cau nhan su nam 2013.............................................................. 60


.......................................... . .................—

TRUCTNG DAI HOC KINH T£' Qu6c DAN
j’

-------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------

LE HONG SON

4W

7

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NANG CAO NANG LOC CANH TRANH CUA
■

■

CONG TY TNHH TM VA DV PHI KHA MIEN BAC
CHUYfiN NGANH: KINH T^ PHAT TR.l£.N

TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SY

HA NOI - 2014

:


i

TOM TAT LUAN VAN
Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac da co be day trong hoat dong
thi cong nhom kinh, trong nhung nam qua cung vdi su phat trien cua thi trudng
cong ty cung khong ngung ldn manh, tuy nhien trong boi canh hoi nhap kinh te

quoc te hien nay Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac gap khong it kho
khan do khung hoang kinh te lam cho thi trudng bat dong san dong bang dan den
nhu cau ve nhom kinh giam manh, mat khac su canh tranh manh me cua cac doanh
nghiep trong va ngoai nudc thuc su la thach thuc ma cong ty can phai vuot qua.
Nang cao nang luc canh tranh hoi nhap va phat trien la van de cap thiet cua mdi
doanh nghiep noi chung va Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac noi rieng
tac gia chon de tai “Nang cao nang luc canh tranh cua Cdng ty TNHH TIM va DV
a

r

\

r

Phi Kha Mien Bac1” la de tai cho luan van tot nghiep thac sy.
Muc tieu danh gia duoc thuc trang nang luc canh tranh va de xuat cac giai
phap nham nang cao nang luc canh tranh cua Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha
Mien Bac.
Doi tuong nghien cuu la nang luc canh tranh cua doanh nghiep, pham vi
nghien cuu nang luc canh tranh cua Cong ty Phi Kha Mien Bac, Thdi gian thu thap

so lieu danh gia tu nam 2010 den 2013, de xuat giai phap den nam 2020.
Phuong phap nghien cuu luan van su dung phuong phap thong ke, tong hop,
phan tich danh gia so lieu, phuong phap so sanh, phuong phap chuyen gia.
Dong gop cua luan van de xuat giai phap nham nang cao nang luc canh tranh
cua Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac.
Ket cau luan van: Ngoai phan md dau, ket luan va danh muc tai lieu tham
khao luan van gdm ba chuong:
Chuong 1: Co sd ly luan ve nang luc canh tranh cua doanh nghiep
Chuong 2: Thuc trang NLCT cua Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac.
Chuong 3: Giai phap nang cao NLCT cua Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac.
Chuong i
CO SO LY LUAN
TRANH CUA DOANH NGHIEP
• VE NANG LlT
• c CANH
•
•
Canh tranh la mot qua trinh kinh te ma d do cac chu the kinh te (quoc gia,
nganh hay doanh nghiep) ganh dua vdi nhau de chiem linh thi trudng, gianh lay

khach hang cung cac dieu kien san xuat va tieu thu san pham co loi nhat nham muc

tieu toi da hoa loi nhuan.


ii

Nang luc canh tranh cua doanh nghiep la kha nang vuot qua cac doi thu canh tranh
de duy tri va phat trien chinh ban than doanh nghiep. Nang luc canh tranh cua doanh
nghiep duoc do bang kha nang duy tri va md rong thi phan, thu loi nhuan cho doanh
nghiep trong moi truong canh tranh trong nude va ngoai nude.
Nang luc canh tranh dugc phan chia thanh 4 cap do: Nang luc canh tranh quoc
gia, nang luc canh tranh nghanh, nang luc canh tranh doanh nghiep, nang luc canh
tranh san pham.
Cac tieu chi danh gia kha nang canh tranh gom: Thi phan, gia thanh san pham,

hieu qua tai chinh, hieu qua su dung lao dong va nang suat lao dong, chung loai va
chat luong san pham, thuong hieu va danh tieng, ty le trung thau.

Cac nhan to tac dong den nang luc canh tranh bao gom:
Cac nhan to moi trudng vi mo: Nhan to kinh te, nhan to chinh tri phap luat,

nhan to khoa hoc cong nghe, nhan to van hoa xa hoi, tu nhien, xu the.

Cac nhan to moi trudng nganh: Chu dau tu, doi thu canh tranh, nha cung cap
vat tu, san pham thay the.
Cac nhan to noi bo doanh nghiep: Nguon luc tai chinh, nguon nhan luc, hoat
dong marketing, kinh nghiem va nang lire thi cong, kha nang lien danh lien ket,
trinh do cong tac lap ho so du thau, nguon luc vat chat, nang luc cong nghe, tien do

thi cong.
Kinh nghiem va bai hoc ve md rong thi phan, kinh nghiem ve xay dung
thuong hieu va nhan dien thuong hieu, kinh nghiem phat trien hoat dong marketing,
kinh nghiem hieu qua tu mo hinh hoat dong cua cac cong ty xay dung.

Chirong 2
THUC TRANG NLCT CUA CONG TY TNHH TM va DV PHI KHA
MIEN BAC
Dua tren cac tieu chi danh gia nang luc canh tranh, cac yeu to anh hudng den
nang luc canh tranh cua cong ty TNHH Phi Kha va thong qua phuong phap chuyen
gia da xac dinh nang luc canh tranh cua cong ty Phi Kha dat muc kha.
Nang luc canh tranh cua cong ty duoc dua tren: Thi phan cao cap cua cong ty
d khu vuc phia bac tuong doi ldn chiem 8% thi phan. Chi phi san xuat va gia thanh
cua cong ty la thap nen san pham cua cong ty cd tinh canh tranh cao tren thi trudng.
Chat luong san pham tot, dua tren be day kinh nghiem thiet ke, thi cong nhom kinh,

sd huu nhieu chuyen gia gioi duoc dao tao chuyen sau trong linh vuc nhom kinh.


Thuong hieu Phi Kha la mot thuong hieu noi tieng trong linh vuc thi cong nhom

kinh, khi noi den Phi Kha ngudi ta nghi ngay den doanh nghiep chuyen san xuat
cua va vach nhom kinh cao cap khac voi Eurowindow la cong ty chuyen san xuat
cua nhua, ty le trung thau cac du an cao dua tren chi phi san xuat va gia bo thau
tuong doi thap.
Tuy nhien, ben canh nhung thanh tuu thi nang luc canh tranh cua cong ty cdn
nhung han che: Thi phan cua cong ty moi chi tap trung vao thi phan cao cap, tinh
tren toan thi truong chiem ti le rat nhO chua dap ung tiem nang va nang luc san xuat
cua cong ty, voi cong suat nha may 200.000m2 san pham/ nam nhung nhung nam

qua san luong chi khoang 55.424 - 82.977 m2 dat tu 27,7 - 41,5 % cong suat nha

may day la su lang phi rat lon. Hieu qua ve tai chinh thap, loi nhan ddng tren tong
tai san thap, hieu qua su dung lao dong chua cao va co xu huong giam do khung
hoang kinh te viec no luong can bo, cong nhan vien thuong xuyen dien ra lam cho
nhieu ngudi co kinh nghiem va nang luc rdi bo cong ty chuyen sang cac cong ty doi
thu canh. Chung loai san pham con it chu yeu la cac san pham truyen thong chua
nghien cuu md rong va phat trien cac loai san pham moi.
Qua phan tich thanh tuu dat duoc va nhung han che tac gia da dua ra nhung
nguyen nhan dan den nhung han che:
Thi phan moi tap trung vao thi truong cao cap do cong ty chua co chien luoc
phat trien ra thi phan trung binh, chua dau tu nghien cuu phat trien cac san pham gia
re, cac san pham don le dung cho thi truong nho le nha dan. Hoat dong maketing

cua cong ty kem phat trien khong co phong kinh doanh, hoat dong kinh doanh chu
yeu dua vao moi quan he tu truoc thieu chu dong tiep xuc voi khach hang do vay so
luong du an van con han che, toc do tang trudng thap, chua xay dung chien luoc

quang cao.
Hieu qua tai chinh thap do chien luoc canh tranh trong dau thau cua cong ty su

dung chien luoc gia, gia bO thau cac du an thap lam giam loi nhuan cua cong ty, ty
suat loi nhan tren dong von dau tu giam, mat khac do dau tu qua nhieu vao nha may
cong suat lon du no vay ngan hang lon lam anh hudng den viec tiep can nguon von
luu dong phuc vu cho san xuat kinh doanh dan den nang luc tai chinh yeu kem
nguon von hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh vay ngan hang la chu yeu do vay chi phi
tai chinh cao giam loi nhuan, tien do thi cong cac du an keo dai lam giam toc do
quay vong von anh hudng den hieu qua hoat dong.

Hieu qua su dung lao dong thap do trinh do quan ly chua con yeu kem, can bo
lanh dao chua duoc dao tao bai ban ve quan ly len viec gia quyet dinh nhieu van de
mang tinh chu quan chua phu hop, viec bo tri can bo chua phu hop vdi nang luc
chuyen mon cua tirng ngudi, mat khac viec thay doi nhan su va thieu ngan ket giua
can bo mien nam va mien bac cung lam giam nang suat lao dong.
Chung loai san pham it bat nguon tu nguyen nhan chua thanh lap bo phan
nghien cuu phat trien san pham mdi dan den cac san pham it thay doi ve chung loai
mau ma qua thdi gian, khong tao dupe su da dang cho khach hang chon lua, doi
tuong khach hang han che.
Chirong 3

GIAI PHAP NANG CAO NLCT CUA CONG TY TNHH TM va DV PHI
KHA MIEN BAC

Co the khang dinh su ton tai va phat trien cua thi trudng nhom kinh la mot nhu

noi chung. Nhung dinh hudng phat trien kinh te va xu hudng buoc cac cong ty thi

cong nhom kinh phai lira chon chinh xac chien luge de phat trien ben vung, canh
tranh hieu qua, khuech truong thuong hieu.
Can cu cac yeu cau cua viec nang cao nang luc canh tranh va muc tieu phat trien

trong giai doan 2015 - 2020, nhung han che va nguyen nhan cua nhung han che
luan van dua ra mot so nhom giai phap:

Giai phap phat trien thi phan
De phat trien thi phan ca cao cap va trung binh, xay dung chien luge phat trien
san pham ca thi phan cao cap va thi phan trung binh nham tan dung cong suat cua
nha may.

Tiep tuc phat trien mang ludi tiep thi qua cac du an bang each cu cac can bo
den gidi thieu san pham d cac chu dau tu bat dong san, cac cong ty xay lap, cac
cong trudng xay dung.
Phat trien mang ludi tiep thi thong qua trung bay mau, catalo gidi thieu san
pham bang cac md cac showroom ban hang va van phong dai dien d cac tinh, thanh
pho ldn, xay dung chien luge quang cao tren truyen hinh de nhieu ngudi biet ve cac
san pham cua cong.


V

Thanh lap phong kinh doanh de thuc day hoat dong marketing viec chua thanh
lap phdng kinh doanh lam cho viec xuc tien ban hang bi dong.
Su dung cac nguyen lieu trong nude thay the cac vat lieu nhap khau giam duoc
chi phi nhap khau, giam thdi gian thi cong quay vdng von nhanh tang hieu qua.

Can phat trien cac san pham don le nhu he thong cua nhom dinh hinh, khi
khach hang cd nhu cau chon lua cac loai cua cho gia dinh cd the chon don le
theo mau ma trong catalo, cong ty se san xuat va van chuyen den cho khach
hang tu lap dat.

Nhom giai phap nang cao hieu qua tai chinh
Cong ty can lap ke hoach trong 5 nam tdi se dat ty suat loi nhuan tren 5%,
tang he so von chu sd huu len khoang tren 30% va tang ty trong von co dinh trong
tong tai san len tren 50%.
Giam chi phi nhd tan dung kinh nghiem cua ngudi lao dong de lam tang nang
suat, tang chat luong, giam thieu sai hong trong san xuat va thi cong.
Ket hop vdi phdng ky thuat day manh nghien cuu cai tien san pham, cai tien
quy trinh cong nghe, phoi hop vdi qua trinh hien dai hoa may moc thiet bi de giam
hao phi nguyen vat lieu.

Lam tot cong tac quan ly vat tu, hang hoa ca ve hien vat va gia tri. Trong san

xuat va thi cong luong vat tu su dung rat nhieu ca ve sd luong va chung loai, dia
diem thi cong phan tan, mat bang rat rong can phai cd bien phap quan ly chat che de
giam hao hut mat mat.
Can ra soat lai cac loai chi phi, xem xet cat giam cac chi phi khong can thiet

hoac khong mang lai hieu qua thiet thuc.
De giai quyet viec thu hoi cong no, cong ty thanh lap rieng bo phan thanh quyet

toan bam sat tien do thi cong cong trinh va chu dau tu day nhanh toe do thanh quyet
toan cac du an thu hoi cong no nhanh ve cho cong ty giam chi phi lai ngan hang.
Hoan thien co cau to chuc thanh lap them mot sd bo phan chuc nang nhu sau:
Thanh lap bo phan dieu do vat tu true thuoc phong vat tu, thanh lap bo phan dieu do
nhan cong. thanh lap to quan ly chat luong tai cong ty, thanh lap to bao hanh, bao tri.

Giai phap nang cao hieu qua sir dung lao dong va nang suat lao dong:
Tiep tuc doi moi cong nghe, lien tuc cap nhat cong nghe moi cua cac nude
Chau Au de xem xet muc do phii hop dan thay the nhung may moc cu hoat dong
kern hieu qua, het khau hao. Viec cap nhat cac day truyen san xuat hien dai khong
chi giup nang cao nang suat lao dong va chat luong ma con giup cho cong ty san


vi

xuat ra cac san pham mdi dap ung duoc thi hieu thay doi cua khach hang va nhung
ddi hoi khat khe horn.
Ung dung manh me cong nghe tin hoc vao cac khau cua qua trinh san xuat tu
quan ly, thiet ke den san xuat, kiem tra chat luong san pham.

Nang cao chat luong nguon. nhan luc la mot viec lam khong the thieu de tang
nang luc canh tranh cho cong ty.
Cong ty co the tuyen dung tu hai nguon: nguon ben trong va nguon ben ngoai

tuy thuoc yeu cau doi voi lao dong can tuyen.
De nang cao chat luong nguon nhan luc, cong ty can quan tam tOi dao tao va
dao tao lai.
Giai phap dang dang mau ma chung loai san pham
Thanh lap nhom nghien cuu che tao cac san pham mOi, chuyen thiet ke, xay

dung mo hinh va thu nghiem tai nha may.
Hien nay, san pham cua cong ty chu yeu la cac san pham cua nhom, tam Op
nhom bao che cho mat ngoai cong trinh, mai Canopy do vay gia thanh cao can nghien
cuu phat trien cac loai san pham su dung vat lieu khac nhu cua nhua, cua nhua loi
thep., de giam chi phi vat lieu giam gia thanh nang cao nang luc canh tranh.
Khai thac nguon nguyen lieu tai cho de tiet kiem chi phi, tung buOc noi dia

hoa giam gia thanh san pham.
Tang cudng hop tac vOi cac tap doan, cac nha cung cap vat lieu lOn tren the giOi
de cap nhat cac mau ma san pham, cac loai san pham mOi, cong nghe thi cong, gia
cong che tao, lap dat va cac dac tinh ky thuat cua cac san pham mOi khi ap dung day

truyen, quy trinh san xuat mOi se cho cac dac tinh ky thuat phU hop hon vOi san xuat.
Mot so kien nghi vdi co quan quan ly cua nha node
Hien nay hau het nguyen vat lieu dau vao cua nganh deu phai nhap khau rat

bi dong va anh hudng den gia thanh san pham, vi vay can co chinh sach khuyen
khich cac thanh phan kinh te dau tu xay dung cac nha may san xuat nhom, kinh lOn

co kha nang dap ung yeu cau cao cua cac du an lOn.

Quan tam md chuyen nganh dao tao tai cac truong dai hoc, cac truong dao tao
can bo nganh xay dung va md cac lop nganh dao tao cong nhan nhom kinh cac
truong day nghe de ho cung cap nguon nhan luc cho cac doanh nghiep.
Day manh cong tac xuc tien thuong mai nham tao cho dua cho cac doanh
nghiep trong nuOc khi vuon ra thi truong quOc te.


vii

Thong tin la dau vao tat yeu cua qua trinh kinh doanh, doanh nghiep nao co

thong tin nhanh nhat, doanh nghiep do se co nhieu co hoi chien thang. Xay dung co

so du lieu quoc gia, xay dung quy hoach phat trien tdng the nganh.

Mot van de duoc quan tam hang dau cua Nha Nuoc ta hien nay la viec hoan
thien chinh sach thue va cong cu thue, giam thu tuc hanh chinh de tiet kiem chi phi
cho danh nghiep.



1

LOI MO DAU
1. Tinh cap thiet cua de tai

Viet Nam la mot quoc gia dang phat trien, trong nhung nam qua cung vdi sir

phat trien kinh te trong nude ddi song ngudi dan ngay cang duoc cai thien thu nhap
binh quan dau ngudi ngay cang duoc nang cao. Nam 2003 GDP binh quan dau

ngudi cua Viet Nam dat 432USD/ngudi/nam, den nam 2013 GDP binh quan dau
ngudi dat 1960 USD/ ngudi/nam keo theo do la nhu cau xay dung nha d, van phdng
gia tang manh me. De dap ung duoc yeu cau tren nganh xay dung cd nhung budc
tien vuot bac ve cong nghe ky thuat xay dung, nhieu loai vat lieu mdi duoc dua vao
su dung dap ung ngay cang tot hon yeu cau ve cong nang va gia tri tham my cho
cac cong trinh. Nhtrng nam 1990 cua the ky trudc d nhtrng thanh pho ldn nhu Ha

Noi va Thanh Pho Ho Chi Minh cac cong trinh chu yeu la thap tang thi ngay nay
cac toa nha cao tang moc len vdi mat do ngay cang day dac, trudc kia cua su dung
vat lieu chu yeu la go truyen thong thi ngay nay cua va mat dung nhom kinh duoc
coi nhu la mot giai phap toi uu mang lai nhieu gia tri tham my va dang cap cho cac

cong trinh.
Cung vdi su phat trien cua nganh xay dung thi trudng nhom kinh cung khong
ngtrng ldn manh ve quy mo, chat luong, theo Hiep hoi kinh xay dung Viet Nam
(Vieglass) tang trudng nganh nhom kinh hang nam khoang 8-10% mdi nam, du bao
den nam 2016 ca nude se can 90 trieu m2 /nam. Su phat trien cua thi trudng nhom
kinh keo theo hang loat cac cong ty hoat dong trong linh vuc nhom kinh ra ddi.

Hien nay tren ca nude cd khoang 3.000 cong ty ldn nho hoat dong trong linh vuc thi
cong mat dung nhom kinh, trong do co khoang 30 cong ty co day truyen san xuat
hien dai dap ung yeu cau thi cong lap dung cho nhung Du an ldn dang canh tranh
khoc liet nham chiem linh thi phan.
Cong ty TNHH TM va DV Phi Kha Mien Bac da co be giay trong hoat dong

thi cong nhom kinh tren 20 nam, trong nhung nam qua cung vdi su phat trien cua
thi trudng cong ty cung khong ngimg ldn manh ve quy mo va chat luong san pham,
tuy nhien trong boi canh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te hien nay Cong ty TNHH TM va
DV Phi Kha Mien Bac gap khong it kho khan do khung hoang kinh te lam cho thi
trudng bat dong san dong bang dan den nhu cau ve nhom kinh giam manh, mat

khac su canh tranh manh me cua cac doanh nghiep trong va ngoai nude thuc su la
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