Thu hút vốn đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài ở sở kế hoạch và đầu tư của thủ đô viêng chăn

TRl/ONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN
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DAI 1IOC K.T.Q.D
TT. THONG TIN THU'VIEN

PHOMMIXAY SALEUMKAY'A

THU HUT VON DAU TlTTRUC TIEP NUfrC NGOAI

0 SCf KE HOACH VA DAU TIT CUA THU DO VIENG CHAN

Chuyen nganh: QUAN TRI KINH DOANH QUOC TE

LU AN VAN THAC SI KINH DOANH VA
QUAN LY

Ngirdi hirdng din khoa hoc: PGS.TS. TA VAN LOl

IIA NOI, XAVI 2 01.5


YEU CAU CUA HOI DONG CHAM LUAN VAN THAC SI VE
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Nhung diem can sira chua bo sung trudc khi nop luan van chinh thuc cho
Vien dao tao SDH ’

Hoc vien
(Ky va ghi rd ho ten)

1 Neu hoc vien co trach nhi?m chinh sira theo yeu cau ciia Hpi dong cham luan vSn. Trong trircmg hop khong chinh sira
se khong duoc cong nhan ket qua bao
Hoc vien phai dong ban yeu cau chinh sira nay vao truoc phan muc luc luan vdn chinh thirc khi npp cho vi^n DT SDH


CONG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM
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Doc lap - Tur do - Hanh phuc
NHAN
• XET PHAN BIEN
• LUAN
• VAN CAO HOC
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Ngirdi nhan xet: PGS.TS. Bui Huy Nhurpng
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Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan

Sinh vien:

Phammixay Saleumxay

Ten de tai:

Thu hut von FDI d So Ke hoach va Dau tu cua Thu do Vieng

Chan.

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1. Tinh cap thiet cua luan van
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Cung nhu Viet nam, Lao dang trong qua trinh hoi nhap va phat trien nen nguon
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von FDI dong vai tro quan trong doi voi su phat trien kinh te, xa hoi doi voi tat ca

cac dia phuong cua Lao, bao gom ca Thu do Vieng Chan. Thdi gian qua, thu do
Vieng Chan da co nhieu cai each nham thu hut FDI. Tuy nhien, voi mong muon
hien thuc hoa muc tieu dua Vieng Chan trb thanh thanh pho CNH, HDH sanh tarn
voi cac nude trong khu vuc va the gidi thi nguon von FDI co vai tro cue ky quan
trong. Voi y nghia do, toi cho rang de tai cua luan van cd y nghia ca ve ly luan va
thuc tien sau sac; phu hop chuyen nganh dao tao cua hoc vien.
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Theo cac cong trinh da cong bo ma toi biet, luan van khong trung lap voi cac
cong trinh khac.

2. Ket cau va phirong phap nghien ciru cua luan van
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Luan van cd ket cau truyen thong 3 chuong nhirng van dam bao tinh hop ly va
logic; xac dinh muc tieu va doi tupng nghien cuu tuong doi ro rang; phuong phap
nghien cuu phu hop, cd the dat dupe cac voi muc tieu dat ra.
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Vn phong sang sua, ro rang; tieng Viet rat tot.

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3. Noi dung cua luan van
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Luan van cd qui mo ldn tren 100 trang, ket cau thanh 3 chuong
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Chuang 1: Nhicng van de ly luan ve thu hut FDI cua dia phuong.
Thanh cong cua Chuong nay la tac gia da neu dupe mot so van de ly luan ve
FDI, lam ro 4 noi dung thu hut FDI d cap do dia phuong; dua ra cac tieu chi danh
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gia va cac nhan to tac dong den thu hut FDI. Dac biet tac gia da trinh bay dupe
kinh nghiem quoc te cua Ha noi va rut ra dupe mot so bai hoc cho Vieng Chan.
Theo toi thdi lupng cua chuong 1 la phu hop, dam bao co so ly thuyet cho phan
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tich cac chuong tiep theo cua de tai.

Chuo'ng 2: Thuc trang thu hut vdn FDI a Sa Ke hoach dau tie cua Thu Do
Vieng Chan.
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Sau khi neu dac diem KTXH cua thu do Vieng Chan tac dong den thu hut
FDI; luan van da tap trung phan tich thuc trang thu hut FDI theo 4 noi dung

1


da trinh bay trong chuong 1; dua ra dupe danh gia ve ket qua thu hut va hoat
dong thu hut FDI vao Vieng Cham thbi gan qua. Danh gia da dua ra dupe
nhung mat duoc, chua duoc va cac nguyen nhan cua cac han che. Nhin
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chugn cac so lieu va thong tin kha day du, co su phan tich va che bien theo
muc tieu nghien cuu
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Chuong 3: Phuong hud'ng va giai phap day manh thu hut FDI 6’ So' KD &
DT Vieng Chan.
Tren co sb muc tieu, phuong huong cung nhu phan tich boi canh trong nubc va
quoc te tac dong den thu hut FDI vao Vien Chan; LV da de xuat mot he thong 4
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giai phap va 2 nhom kien nghi nham tang cubng thu hut FDI vao Vieng Chan trong
thbi gian tbi. Nhin chung day la nhung giai phap co co sb khoa hoc, co tinh kha
thi.
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4. Mot so gop y de nang tam gia tri luan van
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Theo tbi nen lam ro noi ham cua muc tieu va doi tupng nghien cuu la THU
HUT FDI, khai niem nay bao gom nhung gi: nghien cuu ca hoat dong thu
hut, ket qua thu hut,.....

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Pham vi nghien cuu chua lam ro la chi nghien cuu cac hoat dong thu hut cua
Sb KH&DT Vieng Chan?

5. Nhan xet chung

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Tuy con mot so diem can hoan thien. Tuy nhien, theo toi, luan van la mot cong
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trinh nghien cuu nghiem tuc va cong phu, chung to hoc vien co nhieu co gang
trong viec thu thap va phan tich du lieu, dong thbi khang dinh hoc vien co phuong
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phap tu duy nghien cuu tot. Luan van dap ung dupe cac yeu cau cua luan van thac
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sy, kinh de nghi Hoi dong cong nhan hoc vi Thac sy cho hoc vien.
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Ngudi nhan xet

PGS.TS. Bui Huy Nhuong

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NHAN
• XET LUAN
• VAN
THAC SI KINH DOANH VA QUAN LY
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- De tai: Thu hut dau tu true tiep nud'c ngoai o' Sd Ke hoach va Dau tu
Vieng Chan.
- Chuyen nganh: Quan tri kinh doanh quoc te
- Hoc vien cao hoc: Saleumxay Phontmixay.
- Ngud'i nhan xet: Tien st Ngo Cdng Thanh - Pho Vu tru&ng Vu Quan
Zj quy hoach, Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu.
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Giong nhu Viet Nam, Lao dang d trong vong luan quan tren duong phat
trien ma diem nghen Ion nhat la thieu von dau tu. Vi vay, Nha nude Lao da thi
hanh nhieu bien phap nham thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai de thuc hien
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cac chuong trinh, ke hoach phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua dat nude.
Vieng chan la thu do cua Cdng hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao, la trung tarn
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chinh tri, kinh te, van hoa cua ca nude, dang phai ganh chiu trach nhiem lam dau
tau keo nen kinh te dat nude di len. Trong khi tiem luc kinh te nha nude cung
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nhu quy mo nen kinh te Lao con qua nhd be so vdi nhu cau dau tu phat trien thi
viec thu hut von FDI de phat trien thu do Vieng Chan co vai tro het sue quan
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trong. So Ke hoach va Dau tu la co quan chuyen mon cd chuc nang giup chinh
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quyen thanh pho thuc hien nhiem vu huy dong va quan ly cac nguon von dau tu,

co vai tro het sue quan trong trong chuoi hoat dong thu hut von FDI cho thanh
pho.

Viec cao hoc vien lira chon de tai nghien cuu: “Thu hut dau tu true tiep
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nude ngoai d So Ke hoach va Dau tu Vieng Chan” cd y nghia ca ve ly luan va
thuc tien, khong chi vdi thu do Vieng Chan ma con cd gia tri tham khao cho cac
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So Ke hoach va Dau tu cac dia phuong khac cua Lao. De tai phu hop vdi
chuyen nganh quan tri kinh doanh quoc te.
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2. Nhirng iru diem chu yeu cua luan van:
- De tai Luan van khong trimg lap vdi cac cdng trinh nghien cuu da cdng
bo ma chung toi dupe biet.
- Luan van da neu dupe nhirng net khai quat, so lupc mang tinh ly luan ve
thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai vao phat trien kinh td cua dia phuong cdp
tinh; neu dupe mot so nhan td anh hudng den thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai
cua dia phuong va mot so chi tieu danh gia hoat dong nay. Trong chuong I luan


van cung da nghien cuu viec thu hut FDI cua Ha Noi, tu do rut ra bai hoc kinh
nghiem cho Vieng Chan.

- Trong
chuong 2,
luan van tap trung nghien
cuu thuc xtrang hoat dong thu
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hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai b So Ke hoach va Dau tu thu do Vieng
Chan, thong qua xem xet viec xay dung cac quy dinh thuc hien chinh sach thu
hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai, to chuc bo may thu hut FDI, xue tien thu
hut FDI va tiep nhan ho so, cap phep du an FDI tai Vien Chan. Tren co sb ket
qua thu hut von FDI vao Vieng Chan trong 5 nam (2010-2014), tac gia danh gia
nhung mat duoc, nhung mat ton tai, han che va xac dinh nhung nguyen nhan
ddn den ton tai, han che trong thu hut FDI vao thu do Vieng Chan thbi gian qua.
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- Xuat phat tu dinh hudng thu hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai cua Vieng
Chan den nam 2020, tac gia luan van da de xuat mot so giai phap nham tang
cubng thu hut von FDI vao thu do Vieng Chan, dong thbi dua ra mot sd kien
nghi vdi vdi Chinh phu Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao va vdi chinh quyen
thanh pho Vieng Chan. Cac giai phap ma tac gia luan van dua ra co tinh thuc
tien.
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3. Ket cau noi dung, phuong phap giai quyet van de va hinh thuc luan

van:
Ngoai phan mb dau, ket luan, tai lieu tham khao va phu luc, noi dung
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chinh cua luan van duoc ket cau theo 3 chuong:
Chuong 1:21 trang (7-27).
Chuong 2:58 trang (28-85).
Chuong 3: 21 trang (86-116).
Tren co sb phuong phap luan duy vat bien chung va duy vat lich su, luan
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van su dung cac phuong phap thong ke, tong hop, phan tich, so sanh, de giai
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quyet cac van de dat ra. Theo tbi, cac phuong phap nghien cuu nay phu hop vdi
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de tai nghien cuu.
Cac thong tin su dung trong luan van dam bao do tin cay va cap nhat, van
phong tuong doi trong sang dd hieu.
Ve hinh thuc trinh bay, tuy con mot so lbi ky thuat, luan van co ban dap
ung duoc yeu cau quy dinh doi vdi mot luan van thac si.
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4. Mot so diem gop y them vdi tac gia:
De dam bao tinh logic va chat luong luan van, tac gia can xem xet didu
chinh mot so van de sau:

4.1. Xac dinh ro doi tuong va pham vi nghien cuu cua de tai, can gidi han
pham vi nghien cuu la hoat dong thu hut FDI trong pham vi chuc nang, thdm
quydn cua Sb Ke hoach va Dbu tu.


4.2. Noi dung luan van con dan trai, can tap trung vao chu dd chinh la thu
hut dau tu true tiep nude ngoai d Sd Ke hoach va Dau tu Vieng Chan va bd sung
noi dung nay vao cac chuong cua luan van. Nghien cuu lupc bo bdt nhung noi
dung it lien quan den de tai nghien cuu nhu noi dung muc 2.1 (tr 28-40)
4.3. Tieu de chuong 1 nen sua doi thanh “Nhung van de chung vd thu hut
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dau tu true tiep nude ngoai d Sd Ke hoach va Dau tu” va chinh sua noi dung cho
phu hop vdi ten de tai nghien cuu.
Tieu de muc 3.3 nen doi thanh : Giai phap day manh thu hut von ddu tu
true tiep nude ngoai d Sd Ke hoachva Dau tu thu do Vieng Chan
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4.4. Ra soat, sua cac loi ky thuat, ldi danh may.
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5. Danh gia chung ve luan van:
Tuy con mot sd han che nhat dinh, luan van: “Thu hut ddu tu true tidp
nude ngoai d Sd Ke hoach va Dau tu Vieng Chan” da dat dupe nhung yeu cdu
co ban cua mot luan van thac si quan tri kinh doanh quoc te. Noi dung va hinh
thuc luan van chung to hoc vien cao hoc Saleumxay Phommixay tuong ddi am
hieu phuong phap nghien cuu khoa hoc, nam dupe co sd ly luan va thuc tidn cua

de tai nghien cuu, cd thai do nghien cuu khoa hoc kha nghiem tuc. Luan van sau
khi dupe chinh sua va hoan thien cd the dung lam tai lieu tham khao cho cac co
sd dao tao va cac co quan chuc nang. De nghi Hoi dong cham luan van xem xet
cong nhan hoc vien Saleumxay Phommixay du dieu kien nhan hoc vi thac si ndu
hoc vien bao ve thanh cong de tai nghien cuu cua minh.
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Ha Noi, ngay 22 thang 12 nam 2015
NGU”0I NHAN XET

TS.Ngo Cong Thanh


MUC LUC
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DANH MUC TIT VIET TAT
DANH MUC BANG BIEU VA HINH VE

LOT MO DAU............................................................................................................ 1

CHUONG 1: NHtTNG VAN DE CHUNG VE THU HUT VON DAU TU*
TRU*C
VA DAU TU.....................7
• tiep NIOC ngoai cua sd KE hoach
•
1.1. Tong quan ve thu hut von dau tu* true tiep mrdc ngoai cua Sd’ ke hoach

va dau tu-................................................................................................................. 7
1.1.1. Khai niem thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai...................................... 7

1.1.2. Cac hinh thuc dau tu true tiep nude ngoai vao mot dia phuong................ 8

1.2. Noi dung thu hut von dau tir trirc tiep nuoc ngoai cua Sd ke hoach va
dau tir................................................................................................................... 11
1.2.1. Xay dung quy dinh thuc hien chinh sach thu hut FDI tai dia phuong.... 11

1.2.2. Xay dung bo may thu hut FDI tai dia phuong............................................ 11
1.2.3. Xue tien thu hut FDI tai dia phuong............................................................ 11

1.2.4. Tiep nhan va cap phep dau tu FDI tai dia phuong..................................... 12

1.3. Cac tieu chi danh gia thu hut dau tu- true tiep nude ngoai cua Sd ke

hoach va dau tir................................................................................................... 13
1.3.1. Tieu chi so luqng............................................................................................. 13

1.3.2. Tieu chi chat luqng......................................................................................... 14
1.3.3. Tieu chi xa hoi................................................................................................. 14

1.4. Cac nhan to anh hirdng den thu hut von dau tu* true tiep mrdc ngoai cua
Sd ke hoach va dau tir......................................................................................... 15
1.4.1. Vi tri dia ly va tu nhien................................................................................... 15
1.4.2. Chinh tri............................................................................................................ 15
1.4.3. Chinh sach - phap luat.................................................................................... 16
1.4.4. Co sd ha tang....................................................................................................17

1.4.5. Kinh td................................................................................................................17

1.4.6. Nguon nhan luc................................................................................................ 18


1.4.7. Van hoa xahdi................................................................................................. 18

1.5. Kinh nghiem thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai cua Ha Noi va bai
hoc voi So’ ke hoach va dau tir Vieng chan........................................................ 19
1.5.1. Kinh nghiem thu hut FDI cua Ha Noi...........................................................19
1.5.2. Bai hoc kinh nghiem thu hut FDI cua Ha Noi doi voi so ke hoach va dau

tu Vieng Chan............................................................................................................. 22

CHITONG 2: THlTC
THU HUT VON DAU TV TRlTC
• TRANG
•
• TIEP NUOC
NGOAI CUA Sd KE HOACH DAU TU* VIENG CHAN................................. 24

2.1. Khai quat ve cac nhan to anh hudng den thu hut von dau tu* true tiep
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nu’d’c ngoai tai So1 ke hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan.......................................... 24
2.1.1. Vi tri dia ly va tu nhien................................................................................... 24
2.1.2. Chinh tri ........................................................................................................... 26
2.1.3. Chinh sach- luat phap..................................................................................... 28
2.1.4. Co so ha tang................................................................................................... 28

2.1.5. Trinh do kinh te thu do Vieng Chan............................................................. 32

2.1.6. Nguon nhan luc...............................................................................................34
2.1.7. Van hoa xa hoi................................................................................................34
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2.2. Thuc trang thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai cua So’ ke hoach va
dau tu Vieng Chan............................................................................................... 36
2.2.1. Xay dung cac quy dinh thuc hien chinh sach thu hut dau tu true tiep nude
ngoai tai Thu do Vieng Chan.................................................................................... 36

2.2.2. To chuc bo may thu hut FDI tai thu do Vieng Chan................................. 45
2.2.3. Xue tien thu hut FDI tai thu do Vieng Chan............................................... 48
2.2.4. Tiep nhan va cap phep du an FDI tai thu do Vieng Chan........................ 52

2.3. Danh gia ket qua thu hut FDI cua Sd ke hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan....... 56
2.3.1. Tieu chi so luong............................................................................................. 56
2.3.2. Tieu chi chat luong..........................................................................................64
2.3.3. Tieu chi xa hoi................................................................................................. 67
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2.4. Danh gia thuc trang thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai cua Sd ke

hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan...............................................................................71


2.4.1. Nhung mat dat duoc...................................................................................... 71
2.3.2. Nhung han che................................................................................................ 74

2.3.3. Nguyen nhan cua nhung han che.................................................................76

CH VONG 3: PH VONG HUONG VA GIAI PHAP DAY MANH THU HUT

VON DAU TV TRIG TIEP NIOC NGOAI CUA SO KE HOACH VA DAU
TV VIENG CHAN.................................................................................................. 81
3.1. Muc tieu, dinh huong day manh thu hut von dau tu- true tiep nude ngoai

tai thu do Vieng Chan.......................................................................................... 81
3.1.1. Dinh huong....................................................................................................... 81
3.1.2. Muc tieu............................................................................................................ 84

3.2. Boi canh trong nude va quoc te anh huong den thu hut von dau tu true
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tiep nude ngoai cua So ke hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan.................................85
3.2.1. Nhung thuan lpi.............................................................................................. 85
3.2.2. Nhung thach thuc............................................................................................ 86
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3.3. Giai phap day manh thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai cua Sd ke

hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan..............................................................................87
3.3.1. Xay dung chien luqc thu hut FDI dai han cho Sd ke hoach va dau tu
Vieng Chan................................................................................................................. 88

3.3.2. Hoan thien ve he thong co che, va quy dinh theo chinh sach thu hut FDI
cho Sd ke hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan..................................................................90

3.3.3. Nang cao nang luc quan ly Nha nude trong cong tac thu hut FDI cua Sd

ke hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan............................................................................... 95
3.3.4. Nang cao chat luong cac nguon luc doi ung............................................. 101

3.4. Kien nghi...................................................................................................... 105
3.4.1. Kien nghi vdi Chinh phu CHDCND Lao................................................... 105
3.3.2. Kien nghi ve chinh quyen thu do Vieng Chan........................................... 107

KET LUAN............................................................................................................112
DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO............................................................ 114


DANH MUC Tlf VIET TAT
STT

Tu giai thich

Tu* viet tat

Tieng Viet
1

CHDCND

Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan

2

CHXHCN

Cong hOa xa hoi chu nghia

3

DN

4

DTNN

5

KCN

Khu cong nghiep

6

KCX

Khu che xuat

7

KCNC

Khu cong nghe cao

8

NSNN

Ngan sach nha nudc

9

TNDN

Thu nhap doanh nghiep

10

XHCN

Xa hoi chu nghia

ASEAN

Association of Southeast AsianNations_ Hiep hoi
cac quoc gia Dong Nam A

3

GDP

Gross Domestic Product_ Tong san pham noi dia

4

FDI

Foreign Direct Investment_ Von dau tu truc tiep
nudc ngoai

5

IMF

International Monetary Fund_ Quy tien te quoc te

6

UNCTAD

United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development Hoi nghi Lien Hiep Quoc ve Thuong
mai va Phat trien

7

ODA

Official Development Assistant_ Vien tro phat trien
chinh thuc

8

WTO

World Trade Organnization_ To chuc thuong mai
the gidi

Doanh nghiep
Dau tu nudc ngoai

Tieng Anh

DANH MUC BANG BIEU VA HINH VE

BANG BIEU

Bang 2.1: Toe do tang GDP cua Thu do Vieng Chan va ca nude................................ 32
Bang 2.2: So du an va quy mo von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai tai Thu do Vieng
Chan giai doan 2010-2014................................................................................................. 57

Bang 2.3:Co cau thu hut FDI vao Vieng Chan theo quy mo du an giai doan 20102014....................................................................................................................................... 59
Bang 2.4: Co cau thu hut FDI vao Vieng Chan theo nganh giai doan 2010-2014

61

Bang 2.5: Co cau thu hut FDI vao Vieng Chan theo hinh thuc dau tu........................ 62

giai doan 2010-2014............................................................................................................62
Bang 2.6: Dong gop vao Ngan sach nha nude cua cac du an FDI cua Vieng Chan giai
doan 2011-2014................................................................................................................... 67
Bang 3.1: Muc tieu thu hut FDI d Sd Ke hoach va Dau tu cua Thu do Vieng Chan

giai doan 2016-2020........................................................................................................... 84

HINH VE

Hinh 2.1: Co cau kinh te cua Thu do Vieng Chanvaca nude nam 2014...................... 33
Hinh 2.2: Tong so von dang ki dau tu true tiep nude ngoai tai Thu do Vieng Chan

giai doan 2010-2014........................................................................................................... 58

Hinh 2.3: l ong san pham tao ra dong gop vao GDP tu cac du an FDI tai Thu do
Vieng Chan tir nam 2010-2014......................................................................................... 68
Hinh 2.4: Kim ngach xuat khau cua Thu do Vieng Chan tir 2008-2012 ..................... 70


TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN
■

■

PHOMMIXAY SALEUMXAY

THU HUT VON DAU TIT THUD TIEP NUtJC NGOAI
0 SO KE HOACH VA DAU TO CUA THU DO VIENG CHAN
M

Chuyen nganh: QUAN TRI KINH DOANH QUOC TE

TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SI
•

•

Ngirdi hifdng dan khoa hoc: PGS.TS. TA VAN L0I

II I \6l.NAM 2015
•


i

MO DAU
Vieng Chan la Thu do cua nudc CHDCND Lao, la trai tim cua ca nudc, la dau
nao chinh tri, hanh chinh quoc gia, la trung tam Ion nhat ve van hoa, khoa hoc, giao
due, kinh te va giao dich quoc te. Khong nhirng vay, Vieng Chan con la noi tap
trung cac co quan ngoai giao, cac dai su quan, cac van phdng dai dien cua cac to
chuc quoc te. Thu do Vieng Chan la mot trung tam ldn, co cac nganh cong nghiep

phat trien nhat ca nudc Lao ,co he thong ha tang thuy lpi kien cd, cac trung tam san
xuat giong dong thuc vat hien dai. Phat trien manh me kinh te- xa hoi Thu do tao

dong luc va dau tau phat trien kinh te - xa hoicua ca nudc. Day la mot lpi the rieng
cd cua Vieng Chan ma khong mot dia phuong nao trong nudc cd dupe.

Vdi cac chinh sach uu dai dau tu thong thoang va 4 uu the khac biet so vdi
nhidu tinh, thanh trong ca nudc, ben canh do, nhirng nam qua Vieng Chan da cd

tridn kinh te xa hoi. Net noi bat trong thu hut von dau tu nudc ngoai tai Vieng Chan
la ngay tir dau, tinh da tien hanh quy hoach phat trien kinh te - xa hoi dia ban, xac
dinh cac khu, cac cum cdng nghiep de dau tu phat trien ket cau ha tang, tao dieu

kien thuan lpi de thu hut cac nha dau tu nudc ngoai. Nhd do, nhieu nha dau tu nudc
ngoai da den vdi Vieng Chan de lam an, kinh doanh. Den thang 12/2014 tren dia

ban thu do Vieng Chan da cd 430 du an dau tu nudc ngoai, vdi tong von dang ky
35.780,63 ti kip.
Tuy nhien, theo ke hoach phat trien den nam 2020 chinh thuc thay doi toan

dien ve co sd ha tang cung nhu dua nen kinh te thu dd Vieng Chan trd thanh thanh
pho cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, day dupe mot ke hoach tham vong va de hien

thuc ke hoach do, Thu do Vieng Chan can mot lupng von ldn de thuc hien va phat
trien cac nganh. Vdi mong muon gop phan vao giai quyet van de co y nghia quan

trong thiet thuc va tinh cap bach nay, de tai"7%w hut von dau tie true tiep nuffc

ngoai or sd Ke hoach va Dau tie cua thu dd Vieng Chan” lam de tai luan van thac
si cua minh.


ii

CHUONG 1: NHU*NG VAN DE CHUNG VE THU HUT VON DAU TU*
TRUC TIEP NIOC NGOAI CUA SO KE HOACH VA DAU TU

1.1. Tong quan ve thu hut FDI cua So1 ke hoach va dau tu*
Thu hut FDI la qua trinh hop tac mang lai lai ich cho ca hai ben di dau tu va

nhan dau tu, nham ki ket dugc nhung cam ket va thoa thuan su dung hinh thuc dau
tu quoc te ma chu dau tu nude ngoai dong gop mot so von du ldn vao linh vuc san

xuat hoac dich vu, cho phep ho true tiep tham gia dieu hanh doi tuong ma ho tu bo

von dau tu. Thong qua nhung lgi ich kinh te cho hai ben doanh nghiep, mang lai lgi
ich ve xa hoi va chinh tri cho dia phuong dau tu cung nhu hai quoc gia.

Thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai co vai tro het sue quan trong doi vdi

phat trien kinh te- xa hoi cua mot quoc gia, nd tac dong true tiep den moi mat cua
doi song, kinh te- xa hoi va chinh tri cua nude tiep nhan dau tu.

Cac hinh thuc FDI rat da dang va phong phu, tac gia phan loai nhu sau:Doanh
nghiep lien doanh; Dau tu theo hop dong (Hop dong hop tac kinh doanh; Hop dong

xay dung - kinh doanh - chuyen giao; Hop dong xay dung chuyen giao kinh doanh;

Hop dong xay dung chuyen giao); Dau tu phat trien kinh doanh; Dau tu thong qua
hinh thuc gop von, mua co phan va sat nhap lai Cong ty

1.2. Noi dung thu hut FDI cua Sd ke hoach va dau tu
Thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai dugc tien hanh thong quan cac hinh
thuc nhu sau:

Thu nhat, uu dai ve chinh sach va cong tac quan ly hoat dong dau tu FDI tai
dia phuong. Nhung uu dai ve chinh sach dau tu la each de nha dau tu thay rang moi
trudng phap ly tai dia phuong da tao nhung uu dai nhu the nao doi vdi cac nha dau
tu nude ngoai, tren co sd day so sanh vdi cac dia phuong va quoc gia khac.
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Thic hai, cong tac quan ly hoat dong dau tu cho thay su quan tarn va phoi hgp
cua chinh quyen dia phuong.


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Thu ba, xuc tien dau tu tai dia phuong. Hoat dong xuc tien dau tu co vai tro

quang ba hinh anh cua mot dat nude, mot dia phuong ve moi trubng dau tu so tai
nham thu hut ddng von dau tu noi chung va von FDI noi rieng vao dia ban.

Thic tu, cong tac tiep nhan va cap giay phep dau tu cua Sb ke hoach va dau tu cho

thay hanh lang phap ly ngay tu nhung cong tac dau tien dat nen mong cho hoat dong
dau tu nude ngoai, bbi le giay phep dau tu la van ban phap ly dau tien lien quan den
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viec trien khai cac cong tac giai phong mat bang, giai ngan von de xay dung nha xubng

va thanh lap doanh nghiep.

1.3. Cac tieu chi danh gia thu hut FDI cua Sb ke hoach va dau tir
De danh gia khoa hoc dupe tong quan den cu the hoat dong thu hut von dau
tu true tiep nude ngoai cua mot dia phuong, co the dupe do lubng va phan tich theo

rat nhieu chi tieu khac nhau, tuy theo muc tieu nghien cuu. Trong khuan kho luan

van tac gia chi de cap den 1 so chi tieu chinh sau day:

+Tieu chi sd lupng: Quy mb von dang ki va sd lupng du an dau tu nude
ngoai; Tinh hinh giai ngan FDI; Co cau thu hut von FDI

+Tieu chi chat lupng: Tao cong an viec lam cho ngubi lao dong va nang cao
mat bang cong nghe cua dia phuong
+Tieu chi xa hoi: Dong gop ngan sach nha nude cho dia phuong; Dong gop

tang trubng GDP dia phuong va dong gop kim ngach xuat nhap khau dia phuong

1.4. Cac nhan to anh hirbng den thu hut FDI cua So1 ke hoach va dau tir
Rat nhieu nguyen to anh hubng den thu hut von dau tu nude ngoai cua mot

dia phuong, tuy nhien, trong pham vi nghien cuu cua tac gia, chi de cap den nhung
van de sau: Vi tri dia ly va ty nhien; Chinh tri; Chinh sach - phap luat; Co sb ha

tang; Trinh do phat trien kinh te; Nguon nhan luc; Van hoa - xa hoi.

1.5. Kinh nghiem thu hut FDI cua Ha Noi va bai hoc voi Sb ke hoach va Dau tir
Vieng Chan
Nhung nam qua, Thanh pho Ha Noi da ap dung nhieu chinh sach va co che

quan ly moi, co nhieu co gang trong viec huy dong cac nguon von FDI cua cac
nude trong va ngoai khu vuc. Chinh vi vay, FDI hang nam khong ngirng tang, cac


nguon von FDI huy dong duoc ngay cang da dang. Ket qua la da trien khai duoc cac

du an Ion, hinh thanh duoc cac khu cong nghiep - khu che xuat tap trung, cac lang
nghe truyen thong duoc khoi phuc, xac dinh duoc cac nganh cong nghiep then chdt

ma Thu do co lpi the canh tranh... Ha tang xa hoi duoc chu trong dau tu va duoc
cai thien dang ke, tao tien de can thiet va quan trong cho thai ky phat trien mdi, cho

phep duy tri toe do tang truong kinh te cao trong thoi gian tai.
Tu thuc tien huy dong FDI cua Ha Noi trong giai doan nam 2010 - 2014, co
the rut ra mot so bai hoc kinh nghiem huy dong FDI co the ap dung d Thu do Vieng
Chan, lam co so de Tinh co nhung duong loi thuc hien mot each khoa hoc va hieu
qua cong tac thu hut FDI tai dia phuong.

CHUONG 2: THUC TRANG THU HUT VON DAU TU TRUC TIEP NLOC

NGOAI CUA Sd KE HOACH DAU TU VIENG CHAN
2.1. Khai quat ve cac nhan to anh hud’ng den thu hut FDI cua So1 ke hoach va
dau tir Vieng Chan
+ Vi tri dia ly va tu nhien: Vi tri dia ly rat thuan lai va nhung uu dai ve khi
hau va tho nhuong edn giup Vieng Chan phat trien nhung du an nong nghiep khai
khoang va cong nghiep nhe.
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+ Chinh tri: Su on dinh chinh tri - xa hoi la nen tang vung chac va la nhan to
thuan lai lan nhat cho thu hut FDI tai Thu do Vieng Chan.

+Chinh sach- luat phap: he thong phap luat lien quan den dau tu FDI cua
Vieng Chan van dang trong qua trinh hinh thanh, sua doi, va hoan thien nen co

nhieu thay doi, khong thong nhat, thieu minh bach va kho tiep can.

+ Co so ha tang: Vieng Chan co ban da dap ung duoc nhung dieu kien de thu
hut FDI, tuy con han che nhung chinh quyen dia phuong dang rat nd lire de cai

thien.
+ Trinh do phat trien kinh te: Trong nhung nam qua, kinh te cua Thu do

Vieng Chan co nhung buoc tang truong nhanh, on dinh da tao dung duoc nhung
nen tang kinh te quan trong, thu nhap dan cu tang len dang ke cho phep nang cao ty
le tich luy dau tu, gop phan tao the va luc moi cho qua trinh phat trien kinh te giai


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doan tiep theo, tao tiem nang to Ion cho cong cuoc huy dong von dau tu.

+ Nguon nhan luc: Nguon nhan luc lao co ban da dap ung tot ve mat lupng,
tuy nhien, ve mat chat van con han che khi day manh thu hut FDI tu cac doi tac
nude ngoai.

Thirc
2.2.

trang thu hut FDI cua Sd ke hoach va dau tur Vieng Chan
Tren cor sd nhung ly luan da trinh bay trong chuong 1, tac gia phan tich thuc

trang thu hut FDI cua Sd Ke hoach va Dau tu Vieng Chan theo nhung van de cu the

sau.

2.2.1. Xay diyng quy dinh thuc hien chinh sach thu hut FDI tai Vieng Chan
Cac chinh sach co ban nude CHDCND Lao su dung de thu hut FDI tai Thu
do Vieng Chan la: Chinh sach dam bao dau tu, chinh sach tai chinh, chinh sach tien

te, chinh sach thi trudng, chinhsach dat dai, chinh sach lao dong, chinh sach ve moi
trudng dau tu.

2.2.2. Xay dung bo may thu hut FDI tai Vieng Chan
Chinh phu la noi quan ly chung va thong nhat tren toan quoc, giao nganh Ke
hoach va Dau tu, nganh Cong Thuong phoi hop vdi cac nganh huu quan lien quan

va chinh quyen dia phuong la chu quan theo vai tro, chuc nang nhiem vu cua moi

noi. Co quan quan ly dau tu bao gom cd: Nganh Ke hoach va Dau tu; Nganh Cong
thuong; Dac khu kinh te va khu kinh te chuyen nganh.

Qua phan tich ve he thong chinh sach uu dai thu hut FDI cung nhu cong tac

quan ly hoat dong thu hut FDI d Thu do Vieng Chan d tren chung ta cd the thay
dupe tuy Vieng chan cung nhu chinh phu Lao da cd nhung co gang rat ldn nham tao
dieu kien thu hut FDI, tuy nhien do noi luc edn yeu, viec thu hut von chua dupe
thuan lpi. Nhung yeu to quan trong cua Thu do nhu cong nghe cao, kinh te tri

thuc... vdn chua dupe the hien, lpi the thu hut van la lao dong re va tai nguyen. De

thu hut von dau tu cho phat trien ben vung, Thu do Vieng Chan con can phai cd
nhieu no luc, nhieu giai phap dong bo va dot pha.

2.2.3. Xue tien thu hut FDItai Vieng Chan
Sd ke hoach va dau tu cung nhu lanh dao Vieng Chan nhung nam qua da cd

rat nhieu no lire trong cong tac xuc tien dau tu nham nang cao dupe hieu qua thu hut

nguon von quan trong nay cho cong cuoc phat trien kinh te- xa hoi cua Thu do.

2.2.4. Tiep nhan va capphep dau tu’ FDI tai Vieng Chan
Can cu vao doi tupng thu hut FDI, dom vi chu quan duoc phan cap tham dinh

va cap giay phep chung nhan dau tu, ma cong doan va cac thu tuc cung nhu thdi
gian tham dinh cap giay phep khac nhau. Tuy nhien theo danh gia chung cho thay

cong tac cap phep dau tu tai Vieng chan co che rd rang, nhung hien tuong tre thdi
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gian con gay nhieu vudng mac, thu tuc giay to con rac roi.

2.3. Danh gia ket qua thu hut FDI cua So* ke hoach va dau tu* Vieng Chan
+ Tieu chi so lupng: Ve mat lupng_ so du an dau tu va tong so von dang ki

thuoc linh vuc FDI, cang ngay cang tang nhung ve mat chat_ ty le giai ngan von,
cung co xu hudng tich cue, the hien dien bien ve quy mo va toe do thu hut FDI theo

hudng tang ca ve luong va chat.

+ Co cau thu hut thu hut FDI: Quy mo du an Ion sd luong con chua nhieu,
tap trung nhieu d cac du an cd quy mo trung binh va nho. Hinh thuc dau tu FDI tap
trung vao 100% von nude ngoai, cac hinh thuc khac chiem ti trong nho. Cac du an

da sd tap trung vao cac du an khai khoang, khai thac tai nguyen, gia tri thap, cac du
an du lich va thuong mai dich vu con thieu, dac biet nong nghiep la nganh chiem ti
trong rat thap.

+ Tieu chi chat luong: Nguon nhan luc cua Vieng Chan nham dap ung tot
nguon lire doi ung cua cac nha dau tu nude ngoai, da cd nhung thay doi theo hudng

tich cue, ngay cang nang cao ve ca sd lupng va chat lupng. Tuy nhien, phia nha dau
tu va du an FDI con rat han che trong viec chuyen giao cong nghe, tham chi neu cd
chuyen giao cung chi la cong nghe muc trung binh trd xuong. Dieu nay dong nghia

vdi viec du Vieng Chan dupe tiep nhan nhung cong nghe tren nhung cung khong
the khai thac va su dung hieu qua.

+ Tieu chi xa hoi: Cac dir an FDI dau tu vao Vieng Chan da dong gop mot
khoan khong nho cho ngan sach nha nude, quy mo binh cua du an dau tu FDI vao
Thu do cd hudng tang dat khoang 2,4 trieu USD/du an bang vdi 76%, tang 2 lan so


vii

vdi giai doan 2005-2009. Ve gia tri tri xuat khau cua cac DN FDI gop 120,3 trieu
USD, so vdi ke hoach chi dat duoc 34%. Phan ldn la xuat khau ca phe dat 54,5 trieu
USD, bang 89.799 tan, gom 45% cua tdng gia tri xuat khau.

2.4. Danh gia thuc trang thu hut FDI cua Sd ke hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan

2.4.1. Nhirng mat dat dtrac
Trong boi canh kinh te 6 nam gan day, tinh hinh canh tranh thu hut dau tu

nudc ngoai giua cac nudc va giua cac tinh, thanh trong nudc ngay cang gay gat nen
nhung ket qua dat duoc cua Thu do Vieng Chan rat dang ghi nhan, cu the:

Thu nhat, hoat dong thu hut von FDI vao thu do Vieng Chan giai doan 2010-

2014 ve co ban da duoc thuc day.
Thu hai, quy mo va tdc do thu hut FDI vao Vieng Chan giai doan 2010-2014
lien tuc tang.

Thu ba, cdng tac thu hut FDI giai doan vira qua da gop phan chuyen dich co
cau kinh te theo hudng hop ly hon

Thu tu, chat lupng lao dong thu hut ngay mot tang
Cudi ciing la chu truong va chinh sach thu hut va su dung von FDI cua

Vieng Chan cung da dan dupe cai thien.

2.3.2. Nhirng mat han che
Ben canh nhung ket qua dat dupe, hoat dong thu hut FDI cua Lao noi chung

va thu do Vieng Chan noi rieng van con mot sd ton tai can tiep tuc giai quyet nhu:
Thu nhat, hinh thuc thu hut von FDI vao Vien Chan chua da dang.
Thu hai, ti trong thu hut von FDI vao nganh Nong nghiep con qua thap, chua

xung vdi tiem luc tai nguyen va vi tri dia ly cua Vieng Chan.
Thic ba, qua trinh chuyen giao Cdng nghe thong qua cac du an con cham

Thu Ur, mot sd van de xa hoi phat sinh.

2.3.3. Nguyen nhan cua nhirng han che
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Nhung han che xuat phat tu rat nhieu nguyen nhan, trong ad cac nguyen

nhan chinh sau:
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The che chinh sach cua Lao chua hoan chinh, luon di cham so vdi thuc te,


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tac dong den su phat trien hoat dong dau tu nude ngoai chua manh, tham chi cdn
gay trd ngai cho hoat dong thu hut dau tu.
Thieu mot chien luoc ve thu hut, su dung va quan li FDI d tarn dai han. Tuy

muc tieu, dinh huong thu hut, phuong thurc quan li, su dung FDI cua Thu do Vieng
Chan trong giai doan 2010-2014 da duoc luat hoa va co nhung van ban cap chinh

phu dieu chinh.
Ben canh do, trong qua trinh thu hut von FDI vao Vieng Chan rat can su phoi

hop dong bo cua cac bo, nganh, co quan cac cap de thuc hien muc tieu thu hut FDI

song hang cung phat trien ddng bo nen kinh te- xa hoi cua cac dia phuong ve lau
dai. Tuy nhien, cong tac nay tai cac dia phuong van chua duoc thuc hien triet de

CHUONG 3: PHUONG HUONG VA GIAI PHAP DAY MANH THU HUT

VON DAU TU TRUC TIEP NU6c NGOAI CUA SO KE HOACH VA DAU
TU VIENG CHAN
3.1. Muc tieu, dinh huong day manh thu hut FDI cua So ke hoach va dau tu
Vieng Chan
Muc tieu tang trudng thu hut FDI vao Thu do Vieng Chan giai doan 2016 7

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2020 la 20,5-24,5 %/nam, tao sy chuyen bien ve chat lupng trong sy phat trien kinh
te - xa hoi. Trong do: Nong nghiep - lamnghiep tang len trong khoang 4 - 5,4%,

cong nghiep tang len 18 - 24%, dich vu tang len 21 - 26%.
Den nam 2020 Quy mo thu hut FDI dang ki dat 325 trieu USD, quy mo thu

hut FDI giai ngan dat 234 trieu USD, toe do giai ngan tong the dat 71,5% va quy
mo thu hut FDI binh quan dy an dat 7,6 trieu USD. Theo dy doan co cau thu hut

FDI tinh den nam 2020 la: ty trong nganh cong nghiep - xay dung la 47,5%, nong
nghiep - lam nghiep la 15%, dich vu (bao gom thue dau vao) la 37,5%.
Sd Ke hoach Dau tu thu do Vieng Chan da dua ra nhung quan diem dinh

hudng chu yeu trong qua trinh thu hut FDI vao Thu do nhu sau:
+Dam bao nhung nguyen tac ve moi quan he kinh te xa hoi

+ Dam bao hieu qua kinh te xa hoi, dam bao moi trudng sinh thai


ix

+ Dam bao loi ich cac ben, lqi ich trudc mat va loi ich lau dai

+ Da dang hoa cac hinh thuc dau tu nude ngoai, hudng dau tu tap trung vao
xay dung ket cau ha tang kinh te
+ Mb va che chan trong chinh sach thu hut von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai
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3.2. Boi canh trong nuoc va quoc te anh hudng den thu hut FDI cua Sd ke

hoach va dau tir Vieng Chan
Trong qua trinh hoi nhap kinh te quoc te hien nay, md cho Lao noi chung va

Vieng Chan noi rieng rat nhieu co hoi, tuy nhien cung co rat nhieu thach thuc doi
hoi Vieng Chan phai tan dung nhung diem manh cua minh de nam bat nhung co hoi
va co phuong an khac phuc va ne tranh nhung thach thuc.
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3.3. Giai phap day manh thu hut von dau tir true tiep nirdc ngoai cua So’ ke

hoach va dau tir Vieng Chan
Qua phan tich thuc trang va cac nhan to anh hudng tdi viec thu hut von FDI

vao thu do Vieng Chan tu khi luat dau tu duoc ban hanh, luan van da khang dinh

nhung mat co loi phai duoc phat huy, nhung nhuqc diem can phai dieu chinh lai va
hoan thien kip thdi. Xuat phat tu tinh hinh thuc tien thu hut dau tu nuoc ngoai trong

thdi gian qua nen hoan thien chinh sach dau tu nude ngoai, coi do la giai phap d
tarn vi mo, la mot viec lam kho khan, phuc tap doi hoi su co gang ket hop chat che

giua cac co so, cac nganh lien quan. Trong do chinh quyen dong vai tro quyet dinh
trong qua trinh thu hut FDI va su dung cd hieu qua nguon von FDI. Mat khac nhu

da phan tich d chuong 2, mot trong nhung nhuoc diem rat Ion lam giam toe do tang

truong von dau tu nude ngoai la d chinh quyen thu do Vieng Chan van chua thuc su
cd quy hoach thu hut von dau tu nude ngoai mot each cd he thong theo nganh, theo
vung lanh tho de hudng dan dau tu. Chinh vi vay, can thiet phai hoan thien chinh
sach FDI bang cac chinh sach quan trong va cac bien phap khuyen khich hoat dong
dau tu nude ngoai trong dieu kien hoi nhap nen kinh te dat nude va toan cau. De
dap ung yeu cau tren, can phai thuc hien mot sd giai phap cu the sau:
Thu nhat, Xay dung chien luoc thu hut FDI dai han cho Sd ke hoach va dau

tu Vieng Chan


X

Thu ba, Nang cao nang luc quan ly Nha nudc trong cong tac thu hut FDI cua

So ke hoach va dau tu Vieng Chan tren co sd: Hoan thien bo may quan ly Nha

nudc doi vdi FDI tren dia ban; Tang cudng giam sat cac doanh nghiep da duoc cap
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giay phep va dang hoat dong va day manh cdng tac xuc tien dau tu theo hudng chu
dong

77?z? tu la nang cao chat luqng cac nguon luc doi ung tren co sd: Nang cao

chat luqng cac doanh nghiep cua Vieng Chan; Nang cao chat luqng nguon nhan luc

tai dia phuong va tiep tuc nang cao chat luqng co sd ha tang.

3.4. Kien nghi
De thuc hien tot nhung bien phap tren, doi hoi khokng chi sir nd luc cua sd

ke hoach va dau tu thu do Vieng Chan ma con la su nd luc dong bo cua cac ban
nganh va cac chinh phu Lao.

KET LUAN

Nhung nam qua, kinh te - xa hoi Thu do Vieng Chan da cd nhung budc phat
tridn manh me. Toe do tang truong duoc duy tri d muc cao, dien mao dd thi thay
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doi theo hien dai, nang dong va the hien vai tro trung tam kinh te trong mien Trung.

De thuc hien duoc thang lqi muc tieu phat trien kinh te theo hudng cdng nghiep hoa

- hien dai hoa va co thd tan dung huy dong cac nguon von FDI vao qua trinh phat

tridn kinh te Thu dd Vieng Chan can tich cue cai thien moi truong dau tu tren moi
phuong dien, Thu do Vieng Chan da tich cue khong ngung hoc hoi kinh nghiem

thuc tien cua cac quoc gia da thu hut thanh cdng huy dong FDI de phat trien dia ban
Thu do.

De nghien cuu huy dong cd hieu qua FDI cua Sd Ke hoach va Dau tu Vieng


Chan noi tren vao phat trien kinh te - xa hoi Thu do Vieng Chan giai doan den nam
2020, luan van: "Thu hut von dau tie true tiep nude ngoai d sd Ke hoach va Dau

tie cua thu do Vieng Chan” da thuc hien cac nhiem vu chu yeu sau:
Thu nhat, luan van da he thong hoa cac van de ly luan co ban ve von dau tu

true tiep nude ngoai va huy dong von dau tu true tiep nude ngoai cho dau tu phat
trien d mot dia phuong.

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