Giáo án bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi môn tiếng anh THCS

Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
PERIOD: 1 TENSES REVIEW
I. THEORY
NO. TENSE FORM ADVERBS FOLLOWING
1.
Simple present
HTĐ
• Tobe : S + is/am/are
+ S + V/V
S, ES
…
- S + doesn’t /don’t + V …
? Do/Does + S + V … ?
- Every day/month/year/…
- Always, constantly, usually, often, generally, frequently, sometimes,
occasionally, seldom, rarely, never,
- Once/twice a week, how often, …
(Chú ý: thêm "ES" khi V kết thúc: s, sh, ch, o, x, z, (y) )
2.
Present continuous
HTTD
+ S + is/am/are + V
ing
…
- S + is/am/are + not + V
ing
…
? Is/am/are + S + V
ing
… ?

Now, right now, at the/this moment, at this time, at present, at the present time,
(today/ this week) …
Không chia ở thì tiếp diễn: Know, think, believe, hear, see, smell, wish,
understand, hate, love, like, want, sound, have, need, appear, seem, taste, own,
3.
Simple past
QKĐ
• Tobe: S + was/were
+ S + V
ed
/V
2
…
- S + didn’t + V …
? Did + S + V … ?
- Yesterday (morning, afternoon, evening)
- Last week/month/year/…
- …ago Ex: three days ago
- In + năm trong qk, in the past
4.
Past continuous
QKTD
+ S + was/were + V
ing

- S + was/were + not + V
ing
…
? Was/were + S + V
ing

…?
- At this time yesterday, at 7.00 a.m last week
- At that time, then
- When, while
5.
Present perfect
HTHT
+ S + has/have + P.P
- S + has/have + not + P.P
? Has/have + S + P.P ?
- Since + 1mốc thời gian , for + 1 khoảng thời gian
- Yet, ever, never, already, recently, lately, just, before,
- So far, until now, up to now, up to the present time
6.
Present perfect
continuous
HTHTTD
+ S + has/have + been + V
ing

- S +has/have+ not + been + V
ing

? Has/have + S + been + V
ing
?
Since + 1mốc thời gian, for + 1 khoảng thời gian, up to now
(thường dùng với V chỉ hoạt động: run, learn, teach, work, rain, sleep, wait,
stand, sit, try, …

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
7.
Past pefect
QKHT
+ S + had + P.P …
- S + had + not + P.P
? Had + S + P.P ?
- After + QKHT, QKĐ
- QKHT, before/by the time + QKĐ
- Before/by + thời gian trong qk Ex: before 6 p.m last night
8.
Past pefect
continuous
QKHTTD
+ S + had + been + V
ing

- S + had + not + been + V
ing

? Had + S + been + V
ing
?
… since + 1 mốc thời gian (before) QKĐ
… for + 1 khoảng thời gian
(thường dùng với V chỉ hoạt động: run, learn, teach, work, rain, sleep, wait,
stand, sit, try, …)
9.

Simple future
TLĐ
+ S + will + V
- S + will + not + V
? Will + S + V ?
- Tomorrow (morning, afternoon, evening)
- Next week/month/year/
- In 2 hours, in a few minutes/some days/…
- Some day, soon
10.
Future continuous
TLTD
+ S + will + be + V
ing

- S + will + not + be + V
ing

? Will + S + be + V
ing
?
- At this time tomorrow, at 8.00 a.m next Monday
- When
11.
Future perfect
TLHT
+ S + will + have + P.P …
- S + will + not + have + P.P …
? Will + S + have + P.P … ?
- Before/by + thời gian trong tương lai Ex: by next year

- TLHT, before/by the time + HTĐ
12.
Future perfect
continuous
TLHTTD
+ S + will + have + been + V
ing

- S +will+not+have+been + V
ing

? Will + S + have + been + V
ing
?
(since/for) … before/by + thời gian trong tương lai
TLHTTD, before/by the time + HTĐ
(thường dùng với V chỉ hoạt động: run, learn, teach, work, rain, sleep, wait,
stand, sit, try, …)
13
Modal verbs
S + can/could/may/might/must/ have
to/be going to/ ought to + V
XI. Supply the correct verb forms.
1. I (see) a car accident while I (wait) for you on this corner yesterday
2. Mr. john (be) principal of our school since last year

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
3. Mr. Smith (teach) at this school since he (graduate) in 1980

4. My father (not watch) TV every night
5. I (meet) Authur three weeks ago
6. Yesterday the police (report) that they (capture) the thief
7. My friend (thank) me for what I had done for him
8. Someone (steal) my handbag on the bus
9. The Browns (live) in Paris for 7 years when the second World War (break) down
10. Last month I (be) in the hospital for ten days
11. Don't call me in the afternoon. I usually (be) away in the afternoon
12. Mr. Clark (be) in New York 2 months ago. Mr. Rossi (be) in New York until 2 months ago
13. John (drive) that car ever since I (know) him
14. People (speak) English in most of Canada
15. The dog (wag) his tail whenever he (see) me
16. What you (do) when I (ring) you last night?
17. Up to then I never (see) such a fat man
18. I (not see) him last Monday
19. They had sold all the books when we (get) there
20. I think he (leave) as soon as he (know) the news
21. She (play) the piano when our guests (arrive) last night
22. He (come) and (see) you soon
23. I (come) as soon as I have finished my work. You (be) ready?
24. My mother (come) to stay with us next weekend
25. Where you (spend) your holidays next summer?
26. Violets (bloom) in spring
27. We (not live) in England for two years now
28. I (never forget) what you (just tell) me
29. They (prepare) the Christmas dinner at the moment
30. When I last (stay) in Cairo, I (ride) to the Pyramids on a camel that my friend (borrow) the day before
31. Our teacher (tell) us yesterday that he (visit) England in 1970
32. George (work) at a university so far
33. When he lived in Manchester, he (work) in a bank

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
34. Birds (build) their nests in summer and (fly) to the South in winter
35. I (lose) my key. (Can) you help me look for it?
36. My father (not smoke) for 5 years
37. My teacher wasn't at home when I (arrive). He (just go) out
38. How long Bob and Mary (be) married?
39. You (receive) any letter from your parents yet?
40. My brother (join) the army when he (be) young
41. You (remember) my name or you (forget) it someday?
42. Tom (study) chemistry for three years and then he gave it up
43. Miss Lee often (write) when she was on holiday
44. He (leave) home two weeks ago and we (not hear) from him since then
45. You (speak) to Mrs. Baker yesterday?
No, I (not see) her for a long time. I (not can) remember when I last (see) her
46. When the teacher came in, the pupils (play) game
47. Columbus (discover) America more than 400 years ago
48. By next month, I (finish) my first novel
49. By May 5, we (live) in this city for ten years
50. When your father (die)? I (not kow) when he (die)……………………………………………………………
51. Bill said he (forget) to buy a dictionary
52. He felt asleep while he (do) his homework
53. We (not see) them for a long time
54. It (rain) when we arrived
55. Kite and I (wait) right here until you get back
56. He'll leave as soon as he (hear) the news
57. Dick (start) school before he seven
58. How long you (study) in this school?

59. We (not receive) any letter from him since he (leave) four months ago
60. Where are you? I'm upstairs. I (have) a bath
PERIOD: 2 Passive Voice
Các điểm lưu ý:
+Có 1 số động từ không bao giờ đổi sang bị động: seem, appear, have.

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
+Khi đổi sang bị động những thành phần trong câu chủ động không đổi: trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian , chỉ địa điểm, từ đệm phải giữ nguyên
vị trí như trong câu chủ động.
+Nếu trong câu chủ động chủ ngữ là nobody, no one thì khi đổi sang bị động, động từ sẽ để ở thể phủ định.
Công thức chung : S+BE+past participle(P2)
I. CÁC CÔNG THỨC CỤ THỂ CỦA CÁC THÌ:
1. Đối với Hiện tại đơn giản : S + am/is/are+P2 2. Đối với Hiện tại tiếp diễn : S +am/is/are+being+P2
3. Đối với Hiện tại Hòan thành: S + have/has+been+P2 4. Đối với Quá khứ đơn giản: S + was/were+p2
5. Đối với Quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was/were+being+P2 6. Đối với Tương lai đơn giản: S + will+be+P2
7. Đối với Tương lai gần: S + to be+going to+Be+P2 8. Đối với Tương lai hòan thành: S + will have been+P2
9. Đối với Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had been+P2
Notes: Các thì HTHT tiếp diễn, TLHT tiếp diễn, TL tiếp diễn, QKHT tiếp diễn không đổi được sang bị động.
II/ THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA MODAL VERB
1/ Cấu trúc 1: S + modal Verb +Verb infinitive(Vinf)
Dùng để chỉ hành động xảy ra trong hiện tại hoặc tương lai. >>> Thể bị động S+modal verb + be +P2.
EX: I must do this homework.>> This homework must be done.
2/Cấu trúc 2: S + modal Verb + have +P2
Dùng để chỉ những hành động cần phải làm trong quá khứ hoặc đáng lẽ phải xảy ra nhưng không làm. Hoặc những hành động đoán biết
chắc hẳn phải xảy ra trong quá khứ. >>>Bị động: S + modal Verb + have been +P2
III/ CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT:
1/ It's your duty to+Vinf >>> bị động: You're supposed to+Vinf
EX: It's your duty to make tea today. >> You are supposed to make tea today.

2/ It's impossible to+Vinf >>>bị động: S + can't + be + P2
EX: It's impossible to solve this problem.>> This problem can't be solve.
3/ It's necessary to + Vinf >>> bị động: S + should/ must + be +P2
EX: It's necessary for you to type this letter. >> This letter should/ must be typed by you.
4/ Mệnh lệnh thức + Object. >>> bị động: S + should/must + be +P2.
EX: Turn on the lights! >> The lights should be turned on.
IV/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ MAKE/ LET.
Công thức chủ động : S + make/ let + sb+ Vinf. >>> Bị động: S + make/ let + to + Vinf.
EX: My parent never let me do anything by myself. >> I'm never let to do anything by myself.
V/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA CẤU TRÚC " NHỜ AI LÀM GÌ".
Chủ động: S + have(get) + sb + (to)Vinf >>>Bị động: S + have/ get + st +done.
EX: I have my father repair my bike. >> I have my bike repaired by my father.
VI/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ ĐI SAU NÓ LÀ MỘT ĐỘNG TỪ Ở DẠNG VING.

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
Các động từ đó như : love, like, dislike, enjoy, fancy, hate, imagine, regret, mind, admit, involve, deny, avoid etc
>> Chủ động: S + V + sb +Ving. Bị động: S + V + sb/st + being + P2
EX: I like you wearing this dress.>> I like this dress being worn by you.
VII/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ TRI GIÁC( Vp verb of perception)
1/ Cấu trúc 1: S + Vp + sb + Ving.
(Ai đó chứng kiến người khác làm gì và chỉ thấy 1 phần của hành động hoặc 1 hành động dand diễn ra bị 1 hành động khác xen vào)
EX: Opening the door, we saw her overhearing us.
2/ Cấu trúc 2: S + Vp + sb + Ving. (Ai đó chứng kiến người khác làm gì từ đầu đến cuối)
EX: I saw him close the door and drive his car away.
NOTE: riêng các động từ : feel, find, catch thì chỉ sử dụng công thức 1. >> Bị động: S + be + P2(of Vp) + to +Vinf
EX: He was seen to close the door and drive his car away.
VIII/ BỊ ĐỘNG KÉP.
1/ Khi main verb ở thời HIỆN TẠI.

Công thức: People/they + think/say/suppose/believe/consider/report + that + clause.
>> Bị động: a/ It's + thought/said/ supposed/believed/considered/reported + that + clause ( trong đó clause = S + Vinf + O)
b/ Động từ trong clause để ở thì HTDG: S + am/is/are + thought/ said/supposed + to + Vinf
EX: People say that he is a good doctor. >> It's said that he is a good doctor./ He is said to be a good doctor.
c/ Động từ trong clause để ở thời QKDG hoặc HTHT. S + am/is/are + thought/ said/ supposed + that + to + have + P2.
EX: People think he stole my car. >> It's thought he stole my car. He is thought to have stolen my car.
2/ Khi main verb ở thời QUÁ KHỨ. Công thức: People/they + thought/said/supposed + that + clause.
>>Bị động: a/ It was + thought/ said/ supposed + that + clause.
b/ Động từ trong clause để ở thì HTDG: S + was/were + thought/ said/ supposed + to + Vinf.
EX: People said that he is a good doctor.>> It was said that he is a good doctor./ He was said to be a good doctor.
c/ Động từ trong clause ở thì QKDG hoặc HTHT: S + was/were + thought/ said/ supposed + to + have + P2.
EX: They thought he was one of famous singers.>> It was thought he was one of famous singers.
He was thought to have been one of famous singers.
IX/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA TÁM ĐỘNG TỪ ĐẶC BIỆT.
Các động từ : suggest, require, request, order, demand, insist(on), recommend.
Công thức: S + suggest/ recommend/ order/ require + that + clause.
( trong đó clause = S + Vinf + O)
>> Bị động: It + was/ will be/ has been/ is + P2( of 8 verb) + that + st + be + P2.
( trong đó "be" là không đổi vì động từ trong clause ở câu chủ động ở dạng Vinf)
EX: He suggested that she buy a new car.>> It was suggessted that a new car be bought.
X/ BỊ ĐỘNG CỦA CẤU TRÚC CHỦ NGỮ GIẢ " IT".

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
Công thức: It + be + adj + for sb + to do st.>>Bị động: It + be + adj + for st + to be done.
EX: It is difficult for me to finish this test in one hour>> It is difficult for this problem to be finished this test in one hour.
XI/ BỊ ĐỘNG TRONG TRƯỜNG HỢP 2 TÂN NGỮ.
Trong đó : Oi = Indirect Object.
Od = Direct Object.

Công thức: S + V + Oi + Od >>Bị động: 1/ Oi + be + P2( of V) + Od
2/ Od + be + P2( of V) + to Oi. ( riêng động từ " buy" dùng giới từ " for").
EX: My friend gave me a present on my birthday.>> A present was given to me by my friend on my birthday.
I was given a present on my birthday by my friend.(Theo Home of ELS)
Exercises with keys
1) Julia rescued three cats.Three cats were rescued.
2) The students handed in the reports.The reports were handed in.
3) Maria crashed into the blue car.The blue car was crashed into.
4) Alex learned the poem.The poem was learned.
5) Steven has forgotten the book.The book has been forgotten.
6) The mechanic has not repaired the DVD recorder.The DVD recorder has not been repaired.
7) They play handball.Handball is played.
8) Sue puts the rucksack on the floor.The rucksack is put on the floor.
9) The girls had lost the match.The match had been lost.
10) The teacher is not going to open the window.The window is not going to be opened.
1) She bought four apples.Four apples were bought.
2) We won the match.The match was won.
3) The man stole the blue car.The blue car was stolen.
4) The police arrested the thieves.The thieves were arrested.
5) Jack swam the 200 metres.The 200 metres were swum.
6) The dog bit the old lady.The old lady was bitten.
7) Tom and Max ate five hamburgers.Five hamburgers were eaten.
8) Oliver taught the children.The children were taught.
9) Victoria rode the brown horse.The brown horse was ridden.
10) Grandmother told good stories.Good stories were told.
Put the following into the passive voice:
1. You should open the wine about three hours before you use it.

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -

CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
2. Previous climbers had cut steps in the ice.
3. Somebody had cleaned my shoes and brushed my suit.
4. We use this room only on special occasions.
5. You must not hammer nails into the walls without permission.
6. In some districts farmer use pig to find truffles.
7. Someone switched on a light and opened the door.
8. Somebody had slashed the picture with a knife.
9. They are pulling down the old theatre.
10. Why didn’t they mend the roof before it fell in?
11. The mob broke all the shop windows in recent riots.
12. The librarian said that they were starting a new system because people were not returning book.
13. The police asked each of us about his movement on the night of the crime.
14. Someone will server refreshments.
15. People must not leave bicycles in the hall.
16. Members may keep books for three week. After that they must return them.
17. The burglars had cut an enormous hole in the steel door.
18. I‘ve bought a harp. They are delivering it this afternoon. (Do not change the first sentence.)
19. Someone has already told him top report for duty at six.
20. They rang the church bells as a flood warning.
21. No one can do anything unless someone gives us more information.
22. People are spending far more money on food now than they spent ten years ago.
23. The organizers will exhibit the paintings till the end of the month.
24. They will say nothing more about the matter if someone returns the stolen gun.
25. It is high time someone told him to stop behaving like a child.
26. A thief stole my dog and brought him back only when I offer 20 pounds reward for him.
27. The judge gave him two weeks in which to pay the fine.
28. They make these artificial flowers of silk.
29. They can’t make tea with cold water.
30. The thief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant.

31. somebody has taken away some of my books.
32. They will hold the meeting before May Day.
33. They have to repair the engine of the car.
PERIOD 3 Reported speech
Quy t¾c chung:

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Giỏo ỏn : Bi dng hc sinh gii Giỏo viờn : ON èNH LP TRNG THCS NAM PHNG TIN A- -
CHNG M HANOI
+ Đối với câu trần thuật thì thêm liên từ that hoặc không. Dùng động từ say that ( to smb that ) , tell smb that.
+ Đối với câu hỏi có từ để hỏi thì dùng từ để hỏi đó làm liên từ, với câu không có từ để hỏi thì dùng liên từ If hoặc Whether, dùng động từ nh : ask,
enquire, want to know Với câu cảm thán thì dùng : Exclaim.
+ Đối với câu mệnh lệnh thức dùng : tell, ask, order, advise, beg. smb ( not ) to do smt.
+ Với tất cả các loại câu phải lùi một thời ( Trừ khi động từ ở câu chính ở thời hiện tại ( vdụ: I say / she is saying .) Nói chung câu điều kiện If / wish /
as if ( loại 2 / 3) không đổi thì : vdụ she said, I would complain If I were you

she said that she would complain if she were me) thay đổi đại từ
nhân xng, đại từ sở hữu, tính từ sở hữu . cho phù hợp. Chú ý một số nh sau.
Time:
today that day this/ these that / those
yesterday the day before / the previous day here there
the day before yesterday two day before last night the night before
tomorrow the next day / the following day tomorrow night the following night
the day after tomorrow in two days time / two days later neednt didnt have to
next week / year the following week / year have to ( had to ) had to ( had had to
a year ago a year before / the previous year must had to / mustnt wasnt (werent) to
Special situations :
1. You had better
Why dont you ( You should )
If I were you .( were I you )

2. What about .? / How about ?
Why dont we .? / Lets .
3. Could I have ?
Could you .?
Could you please .?
4. Would you mind + V_ing
5. Shall I ? / I will.
6. Would you like to V_infinitive ?
7. Would you like (+noun) ?
8. Remember to do smt / Dont forget
9. You must
10. Im sorry for doing smt / about smt
11. Happy birthday
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
advised smb to do smt ( nếu có ý nghĩa khuyên răn )
.
S + suggest + V_ing (câu có ý nghĩa đề nghị)
Or suggest (that) smb (should) do smt
ask for
ask smb if

ask smb to do smt
ask smb to do smt
offer to do smt
invite smb to do smt
offer smb smt.
Remind smb to do smt
strongly advised smb to do smt .
Smb apologize to smb for doing smt
To congratulate smb on ones

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
12. Good luck…
13. Welcome to Mongcai….
14. Hello! Hi / Good morning …
15. What a fine day it is ! ( c©u c¶m th¸n)
16. Bye ! …
17. Let’s not …
18. “ Don’t let people cheat you’ ….
19. ‘ Let them go’…….
20. ‘Let me go”…….
21. ‘ If you’d sign here’…
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

19
20
21
To give smb a good luck / wish smb ….
To welcome visitors to ……
To greet smb.
Smb exclaimed that what a … it was
To say good bye / good morning ….
To object to the idea
Smb told smb not to let ( himself / ) be P2
To suggest (that) they (should) go ( he go *
To ask smb to let ( him / her ) go
To ask smb to do smt
* Th× trong mÖnh ®Ò phô kh«ng ®æi khi:
- §éng tõ trong c©u nãi trùc tiÕp cã thêi gain x¸c ®Þnh: - Mét ch©n lý / might / used to / would rather
Ex: He said , ‘ I was born in 1980’ → He said that he was born in 1980
- C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i 2/ 3 / c©u gi¶ ®Þnh wish
Ex: she said ‘ I wish I were rich’ → that she wished she were rich
Chó ý: Cßn nhiÒu trêng hîp, tuú theo ng÷ c¶nh ®Ó thÝch hîp c©u gi¸n tiÕp (thank you so much)
1. ‘I’ve no idea what the time is but I’ll dial 1080 and find out’ said his daughter.
2. he said, ‘ my wife has just been made a judge.’
3. ‘I’ll come with you as soon as I am ready,’ she replied
4. ‘I have a German lesson this afternoon and I haven’t done my homework yet,’ said the boy.
5. ‘If you let the iron get too hot you will scorch your clothes.’ I warned her.
6. ‘You haven’t given me quite enough. The bill is for $16 and you have paid me only $10’ he pointed out.
7. ‘ Do you play the guitar?’ said Peter.
8. ‘Will you have time to play regularly?’ he said .
9. ‘Did you play for your school team?’ said Bill.
10. “Put your pistol on the table,’ said the director.
11. ‘ Please book me a seat in a non- smoker,’ said the traveller.

12. ‘Don’t forget your sandwiches,’ said his mother.
13. ‘ Don’t go near the water, children,’ she said.

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
14. ‘Search the house,’ said the police.
15. ‘ Don’t make mountains out of molehills,’ he said.
16. ‘ Put down that gun. It is loaded,’ she ordered.
17. ‘ Can the children get dinner at school, John?’ said Janes.
18. ‘ Is there a bus- stop in your town, James ?’ I wanted to know.
19. ‘ How often does it meet?’ George said to her.
20. ‘ Were your own boys happy here?’ Linda said to Maria.
21. ‘ Open the safe!’ The raiders order the clerk.
22. ‘ Please do as I say’ he begged me.
23. ‘ Don’t make too much noise, children,’ said the mother.
24. ‘ You’d better slow down. There’s a speed limit here,’ she said to me. ( advise)
25. ‘ I could not get into the house because I had lost my keys, so I had to break the door,’ said he.
26. ‘ The mirror is there so that you can see your self when you are dancing,’ she told him.
27. ‘ I wrote to him the day before yesterday. I wonder why he hasn’t rung up,’ she said.
28. ‘ My horse might win,’ said the owner.
29. ‘ You needn’t speak to my sister,’ David said to Janes.
30. ‘ If I were taller, I would climb the door,’ he said.
31. ‘ What happened to you, Linda ?’ I asked.
32. ‘ How long has your son learnt English?,’ I said to Mrs. Kent.
33. ‘ When will you go back?,’ said Susan.
34. ‘ Who have you seen at the meeting?’ We asked the workers.
35. ‘ Where were you last night ?’ she said to Janes
36. ‘ What will you buy the day after tomorrow, Helen?’ said the mother.
PERIOD 4 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

I. THEORY

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Giỏo ỏn : Bi dng hc sinh gii Giỏo viờn : ON èNH LP TRNG THCS NAM PHNG TIN A- -
CHNG M HANOI
-Cỏc tr ng t hỡnh thỏi nh
will, would, can, could
thng xut hin trong cỏc cõu iu kin. Cỏc cõu iu kin thng cha t
if
(nu)
- Có 2 mệnh đề trong câu điều kiện: Mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề điều kiên( mệnh đề if)
- Mệnh đề điều kiện (mệnh đề if) có thể đặt trớc hoặc sau mệnh đề chính. Khi nó đứng trớc mệnh đề chính, dùng dấu phẩy để tách 2 mệnh
đề. Khi nó theo sau mệnh đề chính không dùng dấu phẩy.
Ex: If I have money, I will buy a new car.
I will buy a new car if I have money.
*Conditional types: ( Các loại hinh câu điêu kiện)
- Có 3 loại câu điều kiện: Loại 1, loại 2 và loại 3
1. Type 1 (i u ki n lo i 1): Present Real Conditional (Điều kiện có thật ở hiện tại)
- Cõu iu kin cú thc l cõu m ngi núi dựng din t mt hnh ng hoc mt tỡnh hung thng xy ra (thúi quen) hoc s xy ra (trong
tng lai) nu iu kin mnh chớnh c tho món. Nu núi v tng lai, dng cõu ny c s dng khi núi n mt iu kin cú th thc hin
c hoc cú th xy ra.
Ex: - If he t

r i e s much more, he w ill im pr o

v e his English.
- If I h a v e money, I w ill b u y a new motorbike.
IF CLAUSE (Mnh If) MAIN CLAUSE (Mnh chớnh)
Simple Present
S + V[-e/es]

S + dont / doesnt + V(inf)
Simple Future
S + will + V(inf)
S + will not + V(inf)
Will + S + V(inf)?
Dng bi tp : V(inf) + OR + Clause (Simple Future)
= Unless you + V(inf) , Clause (Simple Future)
= If you dont + V(inf) , Clause (Simple Future)
Vớ d : Study hard or you will fail the exam.
= Unless you study hard , you will fail the exam. = If you dont study hard , you will fail the exam.
Cut your hair or they wont let you in.
= Unless you cut your hair , they wont let you in. = If you dont cut your hair , they wont let you in.
Ghi chỳ :- Sau mnh If hoc m nh Unless phi cú du phy (,)
- Sau Unless khụng c dựng dng ph nh (Vớ d : khụng c vit Unless you dont write)
* Command (Thc mnh lnh)
Form: If + S + simple present tense + command form of verb +
Ex: - If you g o

to the Post Office, m a i l this letter for me. - Please ca l l me if you h ear anything from Jane.
2. Type 2 (i u ki n lo i 2) : Present Real Conditional (Điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại)

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Giỏo ỏn : Bi dng hc sinh gii Giỏo viờn : ON èNH LP TRNG THCS NAM PHNG TIN A- -
CHNG M HANOI
- Điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại đợc dùng để đề cập đến những tình huống tởng tợng hoặc là không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại.Ex: - If I were rich, I w o

u l d
t

ra v e l around the world. (I am not rich) (Im not going to travel around the world)

*ng t to be phi chia l were tt c cỏc ngụi.
Ex: - If I were you, I w o

u l d n' t

g o

to that movie.
3. Type 3 (i u ki n lo i 3) : Past unreal conditional (Điều kiện không có thật ở quá khứ)
- Điều kiện không có thật ở quá khứ đợc dùng để đề cập đến những tình huống đã không thể xảy ra ở quá khứ If I h ad n t

b een in a hurry, I
w o

u l d n t

have had an accident.
(I was in a hurry) (I had an accident)
* Chỳ ý rng cng cú th th hin mt iu kin khụng cú thc m khụng dựng
if
. Trong trnghp ú, tr ng t
had
c a lờn u cõu, ng
trc ch ng. Mnh iu kin s ng trc mnh chớnh.
Ex: - Had we k n o

w n that you were there, we w o

u l d h a v e wr i tt

e n you a letter.
- Had h e s t

ud i e d harder for the test, he w o

u l d h a v e passe d it.
Lu ý: Cõu iu kin khụng phi lỳc no cng tuõn theo qui lut trờn. Trong mt s trng hp c bit, mt v ca iu kin l quỏ kh nhng v cũn
li cú th hin ti (do thi gian qui nh).
Ex: - If she h ad caug h t the train, she w o

u l d b e here by n o

w.
TYPE 2,3
(Loại 2,3)
IF CLAUSE (Mnh If) MAIN CLAUSE (Mnh chớnh)
II
Simple Past (Be were)
S + V-ed/2
S + didnt + V(inf)
S + would / could + V(inf)
S + wouldnt / couldnt +V(inf)
Would / Could + S + V(inf) ?
III
Past Perfect
S + had + V-ed/3
S + hadnt + V-ed/3
S + would / could have + V-ed/3
S + wouldnt / couldnt have + V-ed/3
Would / Could + S + have + V-ed/3?

II. EX. I. Conditional sentences: type I: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1. If I see him I (give) him a lift.
2 If he (eat) all that he will be ill.
3. If I find your passport I (telephone). you at once.
4. If he (read) in bad light he will ruin his eyes.

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
5. Someone (steal)…………………… your car if you leave it unlocked.
6. What will happen if my parachute (not open)?
7. If he (wash)…………………… my car I'll give him Ј10.
8. If she (need)…………………………… a radio she can borrow mine
9. If you (not go) ……………………….away I'll send for the police.
10. I'll be very angry if he (make)……………………… any more mistakes.
11. If he (be) ……………….late we'll go without him.
12. If you give my dog a bone he (bury)…………………… it at once.
13. If you come late they (not let) you in.
14. We'll have to move upstairs if the river (rise) any higher.
15. If he (work)……………………… hard today can he have a holiday tomorrow?
16. If you (not like)……………………. this one I'll bring you another.
17. She won't open the door unless she (know) ……………………….who it is.
II. Conditional sentences: type 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1 If I had a typewriter I (type)………………… it myself.
2 If I (know)………………………… his address I'd give it to you.
3 He (look) ……………………………a lot better if he shaved more often
4. If he worked more slowly he (not make) ………………………………so many mistakes.
5. I shouldn't drink that wine if I (be) ……………………… you.
6. More tourists would come to this country if it (have)……………………… a better climate
7. If I (win)…………………… a big prize in a lottery I'd give up my job.

8. What you (do)……………………… if you found a burglar in your house?
9. I could tell you what this means if I (know)……………………………. Greek.
10. If he knew that it was dangerous he (not come)……………………………
11. I could get a job easily if I (have) ………………………a degree.
12. If we had more rain our crops (grow)…………………………. faster.
13. What would you do if the lift (get) ……………………… stuck between two floors?
14. If you (paint)………………………… the walls white the room would be much brighter.
15. I'd climb over the wall if there (not be) ……………………….so much broken glass on t of it.
III. Conditional sentences: type 3

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1 If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit) …………………… you.
2.You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be) ……………………… here last week.
3 I shouldn't have believed it if I (not see)…………………… it with my own eyes.
4 If he had asked you, you (accept)?
5. If I (know) …………………………… that you were coming I'd have baked a cake.
6. If I (had) ……………………….a map I would have been all right.
7. The hens (not get)…………………………. into the house if you had shut the door.
8. If he had known that the river was dangerous he (not try)………………………… to swim across it.
9. If you (speak)……………………… more slowly he might have understood you.
10. If he had known the whole story he (not be) ……………………… so angry.
11. If she had listened to my directions she (not turn) ………………………….down the wrong street.
V. Use “if” in place of “unless”
1/ We won’t go out unless it stops raining.
2/ I will call the police unless you give back my bicycle.
3/ You wouldn’t be able to do this exercise unless your English were good.
4/ Unless we had enough rain, we couldn’t grow rice.

5/ The fishermen couldn’t have caught a lot of fish unless they had had good nets.
Exercise 3: Rewrite these sentences, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same.
1. I don’t buy it because I don’t have enough money If I
2. I didn’t buy it because I didn’t have enough money I would
3. There was a test yesterday. I didn’t know that, so I didn’t study for it > If I
4. I’m busy right now, so I can’t help you I could
5. He’s very thin, that’s why he feels the cold so much > If he
6. I didn’t eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now > If I
7. If John had played for our football team, we would not have lost the game Unless
8. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I’d give up my job Unless
9. If you don’t like this one, I’ll bring you another Unless
10. I’ll only help you if you promise to try harder Unless
11. If she doesn’t work harder, she’ll lose her job She’ll
12. You can use my car, but have to keep it carefully Provided
13. If the work is finished by lunch , you can go home Get
14. Keeping calm is the secret of passing your driving test……………………………………………….

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
PERIOD 5 ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ
I. THEORY
DẠNG 1 : NỐI 2 CÂU
Dạng này đề bài người ta cho 2 câu riêng biệt và yêu cầu mình dùng đại từ quan hệ nối chúng lại với nhau. Các bước làm dạng này như sau:
Bước 1 :Chọn 2 từ giống nhau ở 2 câu :Câu đầu phải chọn danh từ, câu sau thường là đại từ ( he ,she ,it ,they )
ví dụ :The man is my father. You met him yesterday.
BƯỚC 2 :Thế who,which vào chữ đã chọn ở câu sau, rồi đem (who ,which ) ra đầu câu The man is my father. You met him yesterday.
Ta thấy him là tan ngu chi người, làm túc từ nên thế whom vào
-> The man is my father.You met whom yesterday.Đem whom ra đầu câu -> The man is my father whom You met yesterday.
Bước 3 :Đem nguyên câu sau đặt ngay phía sau danh từ đã chọn ở câu trước The man is my father. whom You met yesterday

-> The man whom You met yesterday is my father
DẠNG 2 : ĐIỀN VÀO CHỔ TRỐNG
Dạng này đề bài người ta cho sẳn một câu đã được nối với nhau nhưng chừa chỗ trống để hoc sinh điền đại từ quan hệ vào. Các bước làm dạng này như
sau:+ Nhìn danh từ phía trứơc (kế bên chỗ trống) xem người hay vật ( hoặc cả hai ):- Nếu vật thì ta điền WHICH / THAT
The dog __________ runs ( thấy phiá trứoc là dog nên dùng WHICH / THAT)Nếu là : REASON, CAUSE thì dùng WHY
The reason ________ he came ( dùng WHY )Nếu là thơì gian thì dùng WHEN-Nếu là nơi chốn thì dùng WHERE
Lưu ý : - WHEN , WHERE , WHY không làm chủ từ, do đó nếu ta thấy phía sau chưa có chủ từ thì ta phải dùng WHICH / THAT chứ không được dùng
WHEN , WHERE , WHY.Do you know the city _______ is near here ?
Ta nhận thấy city là nơi chốn, nhưng chớ vội vàng mà điền WHERE vào nhé ( cái này bị dính bẩy nhiều lắm đấy ! ). Hãy nhìn tiếp phía sau và ta thấy kế
bên nó là IS ( động từ ) tức là chữ IS đó chưa có chủ từ, và chữ mà ta điền vào sẽ làm chủ từ cho nó -> không thể điền WHERE mà phải dùng WHICH
/THAT ( nếu không bị cấm kỵ )-> Do you know the city __WHICH / THAT_____ is near here ?
- Nếu ta thấy rõ ràng là thời gian, nơi chốn nhưng xem kỹ phía sau động từ người ta có chừa lại giới từ hay không, nếu có thì không đựoc dùng WHEN ,
WHERE, WHY mà phải dùng WHICH / THAT
The house ________ I live in is nice .Ta thấy house là nơi chốn, nhưng chớ vội điền WHERE nhé, nhìn sau thấy ngừoi ta còn chừa lại giới từ IN nên
phải dùng WHICH /THAT-> The house ___which/that_____ I live in is nice
Nhưng đôi khi ngưoì ta lại đem giới từ lên để trứoc thì cũng không đựoc dùng WHERE nữa nhé :
The house in ___which_____ I live is nice - Nếu là NGƯỜI thì ta tiếp tục nhìn phía sau xem có chủ từ chưa ? nếu có chủ từ rồi thì ta dùng WHOM /
THAT, nếu chưa có chủ từ thì ta điền WHO / THAT.
- Lưu ý : nếu thấy phía sau kế bên chổ trống là một danh từ trơ trọi thì phải xem xét nghĩa xem có phải là sở hửu không, nếu phải thì dùng WHOSE .
The man ________son studies at
Ta thấy chữ SON đứng một mình khôNG có a ,the , gì cả nên nghi là sở hửu, dịch thử thấy đúng là sở hửu dùng WHOSE (người đàn ông mà con trai
của ông ta . )=> The man ____( whose )____son studies at Nếu phía trứoc vừa có người + vật thì phải dùng THAT

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
The man and his dog THAT
II. Cách dùng WHOSE và OF WHICH
WHOSE :ùng cả cho người và vật This is the book .Its cover is nice -> This is the book whose cover is nice > This is the book the cover of which is
nice

WHOSE :đứng trứoc danh từ OF WHICH : đứng sau danh từ ( danh từ đó phải thêm THE )OF WHICH : chỉ dùng cho vật ,không dùng cho người.
This is the man . His son is my friend > This is the man the son of which is my friend.( sai )-> This is the man whose son is my friend.( đúng )
III. NHỮNG LƯU Ý KHI DÙNG ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ ( WHO ,WHICH ,WHOM )
1.Khi nào dùng dấu phẩy ?Khi danh từ đứng trước who ,which,whom là :+ Danh từ riêng ,tên Ha Noi, which Mary, who is
+ Có this ,that ,these ,those đứng trước danh từ :This book, which
+ Có sở hửu đứng trước danh từ :My mother, who is
+ Là vật duy nhất ai cũng biết : Sun ( mặt trời ), moon ( mặt trăng )The Sun, which
2. Đặt dấu phẩy ở đâu ?- Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ ở giữa thì dùng 2 dấu phẩy đặt ở đầu và cuối mệnh đề My mother , who is a cook , cooks very well
- Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ ở cuối thì dùng một dấu phẩy đặt ở đầu mệnh đề ,cuối mệnh đề dùng dấu chấm .This is my mother, who is a cook .
3.Khi nào có thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ WHO ,WHICH ,WHOM
- Khi nó làm túc từ và phía trước nó không có dấu phẩy ,không có giới từ ( whose không được bỏ ) This is the book which I buy.
Ta thấy which là túc từ ( chủ từ là I ,động từ là buy ) ,phía trước không có phẩy hay giới từ gì cả nên có thể bỏ which đi :-> This is the book I buy.
This is my book , which I bought 2 years ago.
Trước chữ which có dấu phẩy nên không thể bỏ được .This is the house in which I live .
Trước which có giới từ in nên cũng không bỏ which đựơc .This is the man who lives near my house.
Who là chủ từ ( của động từ lives ) nên không thể bỏ nó được .
4. Khi nào KHÔNG ĐƯỢC dùng THAT :- Khi phía trước nó có dấu phẩy hoặc giới từ :
This is my book , that I bought 2 years ago. (sai) vì phía trước có dấu phẩy > không được dùng THAT mà phải dùng which
This is the house in that I live .(sai) vì phía trước có giới từ in -> không được dùng THAT mà phải dùng which
5. Khi nào bắt buộc dùng THAT- Khi danh từ mà nó thay thế gồm 2 danh từ trở lên trong đó vừa có ngừơi vừa có vật
The men and the horses that That thay thế cho : người và ngựa
6. Khi nào nên dùng THAT- Khi đầu câu là IT trong dạng nhấn mạnh (Cleft sentences) It is My father that made the table.
- Khi đứng trước đó là : all, both, each, many, most, neither, none, part, someone, something, so sánh nhất
There is something that must be done This the most beautiful girl that I've ever met.
II. Exercises:Rewrite these sentences, using relative pronouns
1. Brenda is a friend.I went on holiday with her > ……………………………………………
2. This is Mr Smith. His son Bill plays in our team >………………………………………………
3. Her book was published last year. It became a best seller >………………………………………………
4.This is the bank. We borrowed the money from it >……………………………………………….

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
5. I told you about a person. She is at the door >……………………………………………….
6. Jack’s car had broken down. He had to take a bus >………………………………………………
7. I lent you a book. The book was written by one my friends >………………………………………………
8. Some boys were arrested. They have been released >………………………………………………….
9. Do you know a restaurant? We can have a good meal there >………………………………………………….
10. I don’t remember the day. I left school on that day >…………………………………………………
11/ This is the man. I met him in Paris
12/ I wanted the painting. You bought it
13/ This is the chair. My parents gave it to me
14/ She’s the woman. She telephoned the police
15/ He’s the person. He wanted to buy your house
16/ We threw out the computer. It never worked properly
17/ Are you the man ? The man won the first prize
18/ The man was badly injured. He was driving the car
19/ The children broke the window. They live in the next street
20/ That’s the woman. I was telling you about her
21/ Romeo and Juliet were lovers. Their parents hated each other
22/ This is the story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory.
23/ A man brought in a small girl. Her hand had been cut by flying glass
24/ There’s the lady. Her dog was killed
25/ He’s the person. His car was stolen _
26/ They’re the people. Their shop burned down last week
27/ I’m the person. You stayed in my flat ________________________________________________
28/ This is a story of a group of boys. Their plane crashed on an uninhabited island ____________________________________________________
29/ This is Mrs. Jones. Her son won the championship last year ________________________________________________
30/ I know the woman. You bought the car from her son ________________________________________________
31/ The roads were crowded with refugees. Many of them were wounded ____________________________________________________

32/ The lorry crashed into a bus-load of schoolchildren. Six of them were slightly injured ____________________________________________________
33. In prison they fed us on dry bread. Most of it was mouldy ____________________________________________________
34. I saw several houses. Most of them were quite unsuitable ____________________________________________________
35. He introduced me to his students. Most of them were from abroad ____________________________________________________
36. He expected me to pay 2$ for 12 eggs. Four of the eggs were broken ____________________________________________________
37. They gave me four very bad tyres. One of them burst before I had driven four miles ____________________________________________________
38/ The car crashed into a queue of people. Four of them were killed ____________________________________________________
39/ We need a room. We can study in that room ________________________________________________
40/ He invited her to eat out on a day. It rained heavily on that day ________________________________________________
Hãy rút gọn các mệnh đề tính từ trong các câu sau đây(
1) We had a river in which we could swim . We had a river to swim in
2) Here are some accounts that you must check. Here are some accounts for you to check.

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
3) The last student that was interviewed was Tom. -The last student to be interviewed was Tom
4) We visited Hanoi, which is the capital of VN. -We visited Hanoi, the capital of VN.
5) My father, who is a pilot, often goes abroad My father, a pilot, often goes abroad.
6) I was the only one who realized him. )-I was the only one to realize him
7) I have some homework which I must do tonight. ) -I have some homework to do tonight.
8) Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way. -Our solar system is in a galaxy called the Milky Way.
9) I was awakened by the sound of a laughter which came from the room which was next to mine at the motel. -I was awakened by the sound of a
laughter coming from the room next to mine at the motel.
10) There are six reports which have to be typed today. -There are six reports to be typed today.
Bai tap II) Combine these pairs of sentences, using the relative pronoun.
a. The student is from China. He studies Vietnamese.
b. We are learning sentences. They contain adjective clauses.
c. The girl is smart. Her eyes are bright.
d. Saturday is the day. Boys and girls go together on that day.

e. This is the village. I was born in it.
f. I' ve sent him to letters. He has received neither of them.
g. Last year I visited a country. It is very beautiful.
h. In the middle of the village there is a well. The villagers take water from this well to drink.
1) Combine these pairs of sentences, using the relative pronoun.
a. The student is from China. He studies Vietnamese.=>The student who studies Vietnamese is from China.
b. We are learning sentences. They contain adjective clauses.=>We are learning sentences which contain adjective clauses.
c. The girl is smart. Her eyes are bright.=> The girl whose eyes are bright is smart.
d. Saturday is the day. Boys and girls go together on that day.=> Saturday is the day on which Boys and girls go together.
e. This is the village. I was born in it.=>This is the village where I was born.
f. I' ve sent him two letters. He has received neither of them.=> I' ve sent him two letters neither of which He has received .
g. Last year I visited a country. It is very beautiful.=> Last year I visited a country which is very beautiful.
h. In the middle of the village there is a well. The villagers take water from this well to drink.
=> In the middle of the village there is a well from which The villagers take water to drink.

PERIOD6 côm tõ vµ mÖnh ®Ò trong tiÕng anh
* Clauses and phrases:

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Giỏo ỏn : Bi dng hc sinh gii Giỏo viờn : ON èNH LP TRNG THCS NAM PHNG TIN A- -
CHNG M HANOI
Noun + be + adj ố The/ (her, his, their ) + Adj + noun
Pronoun + be +Adj ố The/ (her, his, their ) + Noun ( of the adj )
Pronoun + Verb + (adv) ố The/ (her, his, their ) + Adj (of the adv) + Noun ( of the verb)
Pronoun +Verb + (O) ố V-ing ( same Subject)
There be + Noun ố The + Noun
A. Clauses and phrases of reason:
Because/ Since/As + Clause ( S+V ) Because of/ Due to/ Thanks to + Phrase ( N phrase/ V-ing phrase )
B. Clauses and phrases of concession:
Although/ Though/ Even though + Clause ( S+V ) In spite of/ Despite + Phrase ( N phrase/ V-ing phrase )

Exercise: Rewrite these sentences:
1. He left school because his life was hard. Because of
2. John succeeded in his exam because of his hard and mathedical work. Because
3. We didnt want to go out because of the heavy rain. Because
4. Although he had much experience in machinery, he didnt succeed in repairing this machine. Despite
I.Phrases and clauses of reason.( Cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ lý do).
1>. Phrases of reason.Cụm từ chỉ lý do thờng đợc bắt đầu bằng từ nối : Because of.
I.Adverb Phrase of Reason: Because of => Because of + Noun/ Noun Phrase/ V-ing (reason)
II.> Clauses of reason = Adverbial clauses of reason : ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lý do )
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lý do là một mệnh đề phụ chỉ lý do hoặc nguyên nhân của hành động đợc nêu trong mệnh đề chính.
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lý do thờng đợc nối với mệnh đề chính nhờ các từ nối sau: Because, since, as ( lu ý Since và As Thờng đợc
đặt ở đầu câu) Because/ Since / As + S + V + O ( clause)
Ex: She was worried because it started to rain.
Notes : Khi đổi mệnh đề sang cụm từ, nếu hai chủ ngữ giống nhau ta có thể dùng Gerund phrase.
Ex. She stayed at home because she was sick > She stayed at home because of being sick.
Notes : Because , As , Since
+ Because Of + Noun Phrase = Because + Clause( gioỏng nhử Although & in spite of)
+ So, So That, If, To Inf
+ S + Stop / Prevent + O + From + V-ing = Because of
Ex: The teacher is sick, so we have no class tomorrow. (because -> Because the teacher is sick. We have no class tomorrow.
Ex: That restaurant is so dirty that nobody wants to eat there. (because) -> Because that restaurant is dirty, nobody wants to eat there.
Exersises:
1.(Because/So / Because of) Pelly was tired , he went to bed.
2. .He passed the exam ( because / so / because of ) he had a good teacher.
3.We stayed in ( because / because of ) the rain.
4 He was able to go to university ( because / because of) his aunts help.

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Giỏo ỏn : Bi dng hc sinh gii Giỏo viờn : ON èNH LP TRNG THCS NAM PHNG TIN A- -
CHNG M HANOI

5.The price of oranges is high, __________ frost damage. (because, because of)
II.> Phrases and clauses of concession .( Cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ sự nh ợng bộ)
1>. Cụm từ chỉ sự nhợng bộ thờng đợc bắt đầu bằng giới từ : Inspite of/ Despite ( mặc dù , cho dù)
In spite of
Despite + N/ N phrase / Gerund phrase.
Ex: - The woman tries to climb the mountain even though she is old. The woman tries to climb the mountain inspite of her old age.
- Although Nga is tired, she still begins her work on time. Despite being tired, Nga still begins her work on time.
Mệnh đề có Inspite of/ Despite + Noun/ Noun Phrase (concession) có thể đợc đặt ở sau mệnh đề chính.
2 Clauses of concession = Adverbial clauses of Concession ( mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhợng bộ)
a. mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhợng bộ là mệnh đề phụ chỉ sự tơng phản của hai hành động trong câu. Mệnh đề này thờng bắt
đầu bằng từ nối : Athough , Even though, No matter, Whatever, ( Dù , cho dù).
b. Cấu Trúc :
1.
Although/ though / even though + Clause
Ex:
1. Although the weather was very bad, we had a picnic.
2. No matter + who/ what/ when/ where/ why/ how ( adj/ adv) + S + V
Whatever (+N) + S +V
Note : Mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng No Matter or whatever thờng đợc đặt trớc mệnh đề chính.
Ex : No matter who you are, I still love you.No matter what she says, I dont believe her.
Whatever others may say, you are certainly right.
N0tes.: Though, Although, Even Though, Even If
+ But , Despite , In Spite Of ( Adj + Noun , V-Ing , Possessive + Noun, The + Noun)
+ Whatever ( Adj/ Object, Subject), However, Adj + As + S + V.
a/ S
1
+ V But + S
2
+ V-> S
1

+ V + , S
2
+ V
Ex: They live in poverty but they dont feel unhappy. ( although)> They live in poverty, they dont feel unhappy.
b/ Although +S
1
+ V + S
2
+ V ( S
1
= S
2
)-> In spite of + Ving + , S
2
+ V
Ex: Although Bill took a taxi, he still came late for the meeting. ( although) -> In spite of taking a taxi, Bill still came late for the meeting.
c/ Although +NOUN + BE+ ADJ + S
2
+ V ( Noun chổ vaọt)-> In spite of + ADJ + NOUN + , S
2
+ V
Ex: Although the weather was bad, the flight wasnt cancelled. ( although) -> In spite of the bad weather, the flight wasnt cancelled.
c/ Although +S + BE+ ADJ + S
2
+ V ( S chổ ngửụứi)-> In spite of + Possessive adj / possessive case + NOUN + , S
2
+ V
Ex: Although he was ill, he still went to work. ( although) -> In spite of his illness, he still went to work.
d/ Although +IT + BE+ ADJ + S
2

+ V -> In spite of + THE + NOUN + , S
2
+ V ( Nounchũ thụứi tieỏt )
* Noun + Y = Adj ( fog, rain, storm, sun, cloud, snow, wind, )
Ex: Although it was foggy, the flight was not delayed. ( although) -> In spite of the fog, the flight was not delayed.

21
Giỏo ỏn : Bi dng hc sinh gii Giỏo viờn : ON èNH LP TRNG THCS NAM PHNG TIN A- -
CHNG M HANOI
e/ Although + S + V + NOUN = Whatever + NOUN + S + V,
Ex: We must study well though we have any kinds of difficulties. ( whatever) -> Whatever ( kinds of ) difficulties we have, we must study well .
f/ Whatever + NOUN + S + V = No Matter What + NOUN + S + V,
Ex: No matter what experience he has , he cant repair that machine. -> Whatever experience he has , he cant repair that machine.
Exercises:
I. Combine each pair of sentences below, using the conjuntion given in parentheses:
1. She is very rich. He isnt happy > Although
2. She is very rich. He isnt happy > No matter
3. She cant answer my question. She is very intelligent > Although
4. He does anything. He is always tries his best. No matter
5. She says anything. I dont believe her. ( No matter
6. He tried . He was not successful. -> Although
III> . Phrases and clauses fo purpose.
(Cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ mục đích.)
1.Nếu muốn diễn tả mục đích khẳng định, ta dun một cụm từ bắt đầu bằng to, In order to , so as to.
To infinitive.
In order to + V( bare-infi.) để mà
so as to
Ex: I try to study to pass my next exam.I try to study in order to pass my next exam.
He does morning exercises regularly so as to improve his health.
Nếu muốn diễn tả mục đích phủ định, ta dùng một cụm từ bắt đầu bằng so as not to hoặc in order not to

Ex: - She got up early so as not to miss the bus.He studies hard so as not to fail in the exam.
II> Clauses of purpose: Adverbial clauses of purpose. (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ mục đích)
c. Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích thờng đợc bắt đầu bằng : So that, in order that ( Để mà)
S + V + so that Will / would
( main clause) in order that + S + can / could + V( bare infi.)
may / might.
Ex: I try all my best to study English in order that I can find a better job.
I try to study so that I can pass the exam.
Notes: Nếu chủ ngữ của mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề phụ chỉ mục đích khác nhau ta không đợc dùng Phrase of purpose.
d. Các dạng bài tập:
Dạng 1. Nối hai câu có cùng chủ ngữ thành một câu có cụm từ chỉ mục đích hoặc mệnh đề chỉ mục đích.
Ex: Mary gets up early every morning. She wants to learn her lessons.
ố Mary gets up early every morning to learn her lesson.
ố Mary gets up early every morning so that she can learn her lessons.
Dạng 2 : Nối hai câu có cùng chủ ngữ nhng sau want có tân ngữ hoặc túc từ.
Ex1: He gave me his address. He wanted me to visit him >He gave me his address so that I would visit him.
* Nếu muốn dùng Phrase of purpose ở dạng này , ta phải theo công thức sau:

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐỒN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
In order for + O + to – inf.
Ex : He gave me his address in order for me to visit him.
D¹ng 3 : §ỉi mét c©u tõ … phrase of purpose… sang … Clause of purpose… hc ngỵc l¹i.
ex1. We hurried to school so as not to be late.=> We hurried to school so that we wouldn’t be late.
Ex2: Mary locked the door so that she wouldn’t be disturbed.=> Mary locked the door so as not to be disturbed.
Notes: Khi ®éng tõ trong mƯnh ®Ị chÝnh ë th× … present… th× ta dïng will/ can ë mƯnh ®Ị chØ mơc ®Ých.
Khi ®éng tõ trong mƯnh ®Ị chÝnh ë th× qu¸ khø th× ta dïng would/ could ë mƯnh ®Ị chØ mơc ®Ých.
So That , In Order That, In Case……… + To – Inf, In Order To- Inf, So As Not To – Inf.
Ex: David signed the paper. He wanted to work at the construction company. -> David signed the paper so that he wanted to work at the construction

company. -> David signed the paper ( in order to ) to work at the construction company.
1/ S
1
+ V ………………………. S
2
+ want / hope + To-V
1
-> S
1
+ V ……………………….So That + S
2
+ can / could + V
1
-> S
1
+ V ………………………. + To/ In order to-V
1
-> S
1
+ V ……………………….So As Not + To-V
1
( Khi mđề sau ở phủ đònh)
-> S
1
+ V ……………………….LEST + S
2
+ Should + V
1
Ex: I hurry home so as not to miss my favorite TV program.
-> I hurry home so that I won’t miss my favorite TV program. -> I hurry home lest I should miss my favorite TV program.

2/ S
1
+ V ………………………. S
2
+ want / hope + O + To-V
1
-> S
1
+ V ……………………….So That + S
2
+ can / could + V
1
( lấy O xuống làm S
2
)
-> S
1
+ V ………………………. + In order for + O + to-V
1
Ex: I spoke loudly. I wanted the man to understand what I said.
-> I spoke loudly so that the man could understand what I said. -> I spoke loudly for the man to understand what I said.
Exercises : Use a phrase or clause of purpose to combine each pair of sentences below.
1. My father drove carefully. He didn’t want to cause accidents > . My father drove carefully so that he wouldn’t cause accidents
2. Sue dutifully followed her parent’s advice. She didn’t want to cause trouble for her parents.
-> Sue dutifully followed her parent’s advice so as not to cause the trouble for her parents.
3. Mr Thompson is learning Vietnamese. He wishes to read the Tale of Kieu > Mr Thompson is learning Vietnamese in order to read the “ Tale of Kieu”
4. Please shut the door. I don’t want the dog to go out of the house > Please shut the door so that the dog won’t go out of the house.
5. The farmer built a high wall around his garden. The fruits wouldn’t be stolen >
IV.
Phrases and clauses of result

. ( Cơm tõ vµ mƯnh ®Ị chØ kÕt qu¶)
I. Phrases of result: Cơm tõ chØ kÕt qu¶ thêng cã … Too… (Qu¸) hc … Enough… ( §đ).
1. Too : ( qu¸ kh«ng thĨ)
S + be ( look, seem, become, get ) + too + adj ( + for + O) + To do st.
S + V(Thêng) + too + adv + ( for + O) + to do st.

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Giỏo ỏn : Bi dng hc sinh gii Giỏo viờn : ON èNH LP TRNG THCS NAM PHNG TIN A- -
CHNG M HANOI
Ex : He is too short to play basketball. Tom ran too slowly to become the winner of the race.
This book is too dull for you to read. Lu ý ; Too thờng đợc dùng trong câu có nghĩa phủ định : quá Không thể
2.Enough: ( đủ để có thể)
S + be + adj + enough ( +for + O) + to do st.
S + V + adv + enough ( + for+ O) + to do st.
Ex : Mary isnt old enough to drive a car.She speaks English well enough to be an interpreter. It is cold enough to wear a heavy jacket.
II> Clauses of Result : Adverbial clauses of result.( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả)
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả là mệnh đề phụ để chỉ kết quả do hành động của mệnh đề chính gây ra.
1. So That. ( quá đến nỗi).
S + Be + so + adj + that + S + V
main clause adverbial clause of result
Ex : It was so dark that I couldnt see anything.The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.
Chú ý : Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính là các động từ chỉ tri giác nh ; look, appear, seem, taste, smell, sound , ta dùng công thức nh Be.
The little girl looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for her.
1 Dựng vi tớnh t v phú t:
Terry ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.Judy worked so diligently that she received an increase in salary.
She is so beautiful that anyone sees her once will never forget her.The little boy looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for him
2 Dựng vi danh t m c s nhiu:
Cu trỳc vn l so that nhng phi dựng many hoc few trc danh t ú.
I had so few job offers that it wasn't difficult to select one.The Smiths had so many children that they form their own baseball team.
3 Dựng vi danh t khụng m c:

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Giáo án : Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Giáo viên : ĐOÀN ĐÌNH LẬP TRƯỜNG THCS NAM PHƯƠNG TIẾN A- -
CHƯƠNG MỸ HANOI
Cấu trúc là so that nhưng phải dùng much hoặc little trước danh từ đó.
He has invested so much money in the project that he can't abandon it now.
The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat.
4. Dùng với danh từ đếm được số ít:
S + V + such + a + adjective + singular count noun + that + S + V
HOẶC
S + V + so + adjective + a + singular count noun + that + S + V
It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors.It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors.
It was such an interesting book that he couldn’t put it down.It was so interesting a book that he couldn’t put it down.
5. Dùng such trước tính từ + danh từ: S + V + Such a / an + adj + N + that + S +V
They are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one.
This is such difficult homework that I will never finish it. It was such a hot day that we decided to stay at home.
Exercises:
PERIOD 7: Một số cụm từ nối khác + Dang dung cua tu:

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