Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi quốc gia môn hoá học
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SỞ GIÁO DỤC ĐÀO TẠO LÂM ĐỒNG
Trường THPT Chuyên Thăng Long – Đà Lạt
TUYỂN TẬP
ĐỀ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI QUỐC GIA
MÔN HÓA HỌC
Biên Soạn: Thầy Nguyễn Thành Anh
Tổ trưởng bộ môn Hóa Học
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•
A4
2
.
•
st
1
M
A.
•
→
1
2
A.1 s;t
1A.1
→
1
2
A.
•
st
t 8)7QG0 %)x4
2
.
2
()*%„''%)x1|O
;t 5'67fC*( .='67_^)":)=''GI8C5-Y')ZQ>:)='‡.V)F'
|ˆO8)7"
C©u V:
q')*)7sR
tF-5;`s67tQ)*)7QJ-F1
2
-*-)C)`;P' k2)*
)7F08%l@CR ba
"6.@.-D
)*)7F08%l@C?;P' k2
)*)7;-EFV=%`Q1
2
")*)7--R,'%0/)"
"D)9')H/)`"
2"U:%8H')-5)J`)-=V=%08%l@")C)K3M2.7)s-6)t
)-=N3m2.7)1
2
s-6)t"[32a2.7)s-6)tf++5
2
.@6.='++B')$@32 '@"7
)%Ej)*)7FV=%"80x~I8C50U)-5"
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 14/3/1997
O
CH
2
O
COOH
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:9
*********************************************************************************************************************************
s c%X)369'6*)Z''-t
B¶ng A: Lµm tÊt c¶ c¸c c©u
B¶ng B: Kh«ng lµm phÇn V
C©u I:
" TCID%9')H0-C)^)H)U)g'+E0IF#!#
2
3#13#
M
3#
2
13#
2
13
#1
M
3#
2
K
3#1
2
3#1
2
"
TC~5d'C$Q/)'C$)x-*#(0I-("
2" /)0!
t #
2
1
M
L;th#1
M
Lts#
K
t
2
1
K
L+t.
2
L^th1
K
8)7)7/)I);|&F++>F/))5$";D)')5S>.='%F
++-(s%…mL‰mB≈mOt"
M"Ở )E')5$F67fC*(.>%|.@.W;8Q:)5-/)6)F)U)7@+@B)
)5Z5I'Z+C)5G;P'"
O
3
hv
O
2
O
+
E-C;P'C;S%Qn3.@))5'e'~*@Q@9)5Z')5$)5-/)"_))5'
'C$.'Z)8Q67fC*@).='-'6*#1Q.s.+.u.;)J@C
.))Q69'67)5Q4
2
.
2
→4
2
.A.tL67C.@IX)f)5G;D-q
1
M
)1
2
"
TCQD)%)%Hs5$'5oQ)q''t-*H'@Q)5?IX)-(F.Q#1"
C©u II:
h_1
K
.))x-=+,'-*I-SY'-@0W)srrt"8H''eh_1
K
Q4^1
K
)5'
+'+S
2
1
K
+}5)^0&-Y!
h_1
K
A4^1
K
A
2
1
K
→
h
2
1
K
A_1
K
A4^
2
s1
K
t
M
A
2
1s t
" TCQD)%&')5G%8H's t+>+'%&')5Gs67:%&')5G.s2tt"
2" 8)D)%8H'-(.)i'S3TC)D).i%;*)HP'0;P'F%8H'+UQ
s2t)^Y'-;P'F/)"
M" )5S .'5) P' 0 ;P' F %8 H' I 6x R 2a
+= )7 )^ ;* )H!
lgK
0.059
w∆p
s∆p
.:)D-:U)$lFB%/)%8H'3.0^.^)5)@'Qf)5G
IB6x)5'%8H't"
TC)7P'0;P'F%8H')^s2t"
- 2+ 3+ 2+ -
4 2
0 o 0
MnO /Mn Fe /Fe Cl /2Cl
E = 1,51V; E = 0,77V; E = 1,36V
K" 5'@)V=%'Y@(h_1
K
3 _L
2
1
K
3a_L4†1
K
32_Q4^
2
s1
K
t
M
3a_"
TC)7Y'-6%8H'6D))X"
a" _VCD)0-C8R')D-Ds2t!
t g'%F+'+SL
;t C
2
1
K
;P'.
t $@.='h#Q+'+S"
C©u III:
" )%&')5G%8H')0!
tO
→
c2
;
2N
A
2
^
K
;t
b
4
m
→
c
1
m
AO
t
bK
2Mb
→
OA
2
^
K
+t
AO
→
2
^
K
^tOA
2
→
2
2
^
K
Q>@V-S.i);8)+=%+'-*.i%%&')5G)5$3TC%)7@)Q7+-*@"
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:10
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2"tŠ5)5')$$Hbb32cjŠ
2Mc
s()Z';„.K3a"
b
g@tQ3m2jŠ
2Ma
s()Z
';„.m3 "
c
g@t"7)-%5T@V-Y'QS)5$)5' '@Š
M
1
a
@>-D"
;t_5Q^5+Dv
22N
)JfB'Š5)5')$$"v
22N
+=)5)J-Y'QS)5'
-Y'QS)5$O
C©u IV:
"TCQD)%&')5G%8H'I8C56+[.='+67
2
0f+'+Ss(%≈3atH
`'
A
3
2A
35
2
1
m
2
3
2A
34^
MA
3#
2A
"
2"(++@)5)F_'
2A
3
2A
3`.
MA
35
MA
3
2A
3`'
A
3'
2
2A
s67:.++ t"
TCQD)%&')5G%8H'I8C5)5'@V)5Z'=%0-C!
t $@++#.Q++ )>66D))F-=)"<./C6D))Fs67:t3++?.s67:.
++2t"
;t vx6D))F;P'>5Y)+')D%Q>++#
M
N_"
t )„)>('++23)$@Q-(#
K
.5W35Y)$@)D%#
M
N_)>%≈b3"
+t 6D))F)+=Rt)+'Q>#12_(@)7)++
2
1
2
"
C©u V:
•†)%8H'#
2
s67tAM
2
s67t
ˆ ˆ †
‡ ˆ ˆ
2#
M
s67tsrt
t-6:)$l-Q>/)3w2bch3(!
∆
w bm3b‹"h
L∆
wb 3c6‹"
7∆
Q6D).iQ68g'I8C5%8H'srt"
2tŒ')2bch3(
#2
w
2
w 3)@L
#M
w 3)@"
t 7∆w∆
A23MMv.'h′%Q>h′%w
2#M
k
M2
#2
Qvwc3M ‹"h
"
;t UQ0.:)7-=R)5$3'8)7@H-I8C5%8H'srtR)5Z'=% tQ2t"hD)
f8-((%,=%Q>'C$.\<&)&.$C69'O0O
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 15/3/1997
s c%X)369'6*)Z''-t
B¶ng A: Lµm tÊt c¶ c¸c c©u
B¶ng B: Kh«ng lµm c©u VI
C©u I:
"TC;D)6*.F'C$)Q..$6D)sσ3πt)5'=%/)0!
.
2
w1L
2
w≡#L
2
ww1
2"TC0W%ID%=%/)+>-C)^)H)U)g'+E:)-09"8)7"
M
2
2
M
s`tL
M
2
2
1stL
M
2
2
#
2
stLs
M
t
M
stLs
M
t
M
#spt"
M"()*)U:-=%8H'0C69'3QG0O
2
a
1#A
M
11→
2
a
1A
M
11#s t
##
2
A
K
→
M
#A#
M
s2t
C©u II:
"=%/)•HNj3K3KKjQMa3aNj1)5'%)x3++>F•.@Y'f‚)7@"„%
•)-=I)I^)QI)-5I;^|"
t •-S9')H/)F•3;D)_
•
w c-Q"
;t 7)*)7QJ-F++#13a_-*%8H')Q>a3K'•"
2" _|& s@05)t 1
2
s1t
K
w1 . -Y' % F '.|&" ë +' Q?' N
@|&~6'.|&RV(@1R'C$)x
2
P@,'%7Q>1R'C$)x
M
"
1I@|&;P'++#1
M
R
)-=08%l@€HK 3McjLM3KajQaa3 mj1"€;S
)„%8)5'@9)5Z'I)Œ';|&)5I)%.-5I-;IC.B@)&'H'"
•-S9')H/)F€3;D)_
€
w mK-Q"
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:11
*********************************************************************************************************************************
C©u III:
J@).)+E'Z))-=/)`HmN3b2jL 23c2jQ 32Nj1)5'%)x3_`w aN
-Q"`?-=-D;P'-5IX)/)20%5%C.a@^)C.%^.st"
"•-S9')H/)F`"
2"D)9')H-Y'%0)50F`"
M"('`Q>
2
1
K
-B)-=/)(,'9')H%)x
c
"D)9')H/)F
/)-(QQD)&D%8H'"
K"0)7/)I)F`Q>"
C©u IV:
„%) @.%.%^%))•)!
2@.
M
s#
2
t11s`.CQD))W).`.t
@.11
2
2
s#
2
t11sI)'.)@C.t
@.
2
#s
2
t
K
s#
2
t11s<|C<C0t
@.
#D•)+'Q>23Ks#1
2
t
2
N
M
4s67:`54t5Y@>)„%)G)-=`.3.3<C0Q=%
/)
_B)6D)„%•Z^|@;I%^%)-|)G)-=<C0Q@))^)5%^%))"#'56)„
%69')•)-%^%))`..3`.`.Q0`."
"•-S9')H/)Q)$F%.%^%))•"
2"W%ID%@I)R)5$)^)H)U)g'+E% s%
-='.-*@-•'-:3)%-(@I)
)Y)R+'.n'U)5'Q-:)7Q69'+C*Q@)-:U8t3;D)')5S
%
.M322LN3Lm3abQb3mK"
M"D)9')H/)+'FCDF@V@I))5$R%;P' Q M"
K">)+'F^|@)7=%@I)()*;S-^;IC.s)(@;IC.t"D)9'
)H/)F08%l@-^;IC.`.Q0"0)7;|&F'C$)x)&)5'
%)x'e08%l@-("8)7"
C©u V:
J+[I/).'^()*-DI);IC.)^0&-Y0!
v•
Mg
ete khan
→
v_'•
CO
2
ete khan
+
→
v11_'•
HX
-MgX
2
+
→
v11
J
K
Q/)Q9&E)D)TCQD)%&')5G%8H'-D!
"`I)@^)C.@.
M
s11t
2
2"`I)αQC.5."
C©u VI:
(%&')5G%8H'0!
OH
(A)
H
2
SO
4
85
%
10
0
C
,
+
H
2
O
(B) h =
55
%
"D)&D%8H'"
2"C`;P'
N
a
s
M
t
2
2
s
M
t
2
1s`
t3
N
a
2
2
s
M
t
2
1s`
2
tQ)D%8
H')5'-6:)&')U)5$)-=08%l@e&)&'H'
s:0/)cNjt3
2
s:0/)Najt"
N
N
CH
2
H
CH
NH
2
COOH
Histidin hay His
N
N
CH
2
H
CH COOH
NH
Ar
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:12
*********************************************************************************************************************************
t D)9')H/)F
3
2
"
;t 0:0/)%8H')5
3
2
&)5O
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 13/3/1998
s c%X)369'6*)Z''-t
B¶ng A: Lµm tÊt c¶ c¸c bµi
B¶ng B: Kh«ng lµm nh÷ng c©u cã dÊu *
Bµi I:
"5')$$5@(FCDR>;*+>+'#5"9'':%-D5@)J>
;*)^f)5G0!@).='++
2
1
K
Q@).='>;*L)D%-D067.Q++@>
)-=L0-(+,'69'67.9&5@Q++#
2
1
M
)>;T5@",'
2
1
K
Q++-T;T5@3)&5@5Y.'"
TCQD)%&')5G%8H'FCDI8C5)5'f)5G-(Q;D)Q)5?F
2
1
K
"
2"5@.'C&-5/)-"TCQD)%&')5G%8H'I8C56+,'@)/))9'
)Z'+}6D@-*„D).='5@.'•'@C;S.@-q3;8Q:@9)5Z'"
Bµi II:
,'bK3bN@.
2
1
K
ajsw 3Ma'k@.tQJ-F)+'D)Q>23c'/)•3)-=@€Q/)•"
" •3€3•()*.e'/)OTC'8)7)*QQD)%&')5G%8H'-*@
"
2" #D0f)5G)5$)-=m3N'@€)G0o-=;$/)•O
D)5P'•()*.@))5'/)!13_'13#13h13•34^"
Bµi III:
"G@%&')5G@V%8H'0-C!
t h
2
5
2
1
m
AOA
2
1→5s1t
M
AA#
M
Ah1
;t h
2
5
2
1
m
A#
2
1
M
A
2
1
K
→OA#
2
1
K
Ah
2
1
K
A
2
1
t h
2
5
2
1
m
As#
K
t
2
AOA
2
1→h
M
y5s1t
N
zAAO
2"TC;D)/)I)5'@V%8H')5$"UQ/G^.^)5F'C$)x3TC'8)7
)7/)IF/)-("
MŽt"TC;D)Q)5?F%-Q>%8H')5$)5'0U))08%l@H
5@"
Bµi IV:
(0.:!:U D-:U)$lstR2a
k
A
23 N"
4^k4^
2A
"KK"
4^k4^
MA
"MN"
2
k2
A
3"
"TCQD)%&')5G%8H''e4^Q>I).Q+,'0.:)5$-*'8)76D)f8F%8H'
-("
2"U)D-T+,'))5'0)!4^33
2
3-*6x)5;^|^).OD)%
&')5G%8H'Q+,'0.:)5$-*'8)7"
MŽt"TC-'S0&-Y)5'-((~5d.$:'e/);P'@Œ)$s→t-*+UQ-(Q+,'0
.:)5$)7-=)D-:U)$lFf)5G4^
MA
→4^
2A
L67:)5S0-(.I"TC-B)IQQS)57
)7=%)5'+TC0.:@-E;-T-5"
Bµi V:
"TC00-)F1
2
)5'++>(,'Y'-F/)0!
t#.L ;t.L t#
K
.L +t#
2
"
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:13
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2Žt"[)J)J1
2
f@).7)++s1t
2
s++`t"%8H')-=++(%w 23Q6D))F1
M
"
<./C6D))F5Y.@69B' 32'@"
t TC)7)*)71
2
R2m3M
3 )@-T)-=Q++`"
;t 7Y'-@.k.7)Fs1t
2
)5'++`"
M"#1+Q++•H
A
35
2
1
m
2
3;
2A
3
2A
3#
K
A
"('++)0o-=67@,6;C
5Q(6D))FQ'"
<6D))F35Y)+'Q>++."h/C)-=++@+@Q@)6D))F@)5W'"D)%
&')5G%8H'-*'8)7:)='"
Bé Gi¸o Dơc Vµ §µo T¹o§Ị Thi Qc Gia Chän HäC SINH Giái THPT
M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc Líp 12
Ngµy thi: 14/3/1998
s c%X)369'6*)Z''-t
B¶ng A: lµm tÊt c¶ c¸c bµi
B¶ng B: kh«ng lµm nh÷ng c©u cã dÊu*
Bµi I:
"K+[I/).F-5;3X'-(9')H%)x
K
b
."
tD)9')H/))'Q')$K/)-()^+%%)9'+'QrŠ`"W%ID%X'
)^)5G)U)g'+E:)-09"8)7"
;Žt+[I/).@69'R)5$)+'Q>.sD0't)^)„.:@. ! "5G;C&
DF%8H'";D)08%l@D@)~.:/)L'8)7"
2"D)9')H/)5X-Y'%F!
t
M
a
.
;t .wswt
.3Q>w 323M"
Bµi II:
"D)%&')5G%8H'))08%l@76 @.-5;`)+'Q>/)
0!
t @.#1
M
s(
2
1
K
-BtL
;t @.5
2
s(D0'tL
th_1
K
-B3+s-('t"
+Žt5G;C'-fCD)-S)-'F@V%8H'tQ;t"
2Ž"r);^|^-=-DQ>:0/))^0&-Y%8H'0!
N
N
Ar
2
A#1
M
0
30 C
→
#1A#1
2
A`'r
;D)Q)5?F#1
M
O#$)$&D%8H'"
Bµi III:
"D)%&')5G%8H'I8C5)5')5Z'=%0s`3333p333r3h3<QD)+'9'
)H/)5Xt!
a) C
6
H
5
C C COOCH
3
H
2
, Ni, t C
0
H
2
, Pd, PbCO
3
A
B
;";t%
M
N
K
M
o
dd KMnO ,t
4
→
+•
dd HCl
→
o
HOCH -CH OH, t
2 2
→
p
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:14
*********************************************************************************************************************************
t
M
N
K
M
o
dd KMnO ,t
4
→
+•
dd HCl
→
→
1s+•t
a
2
1 -B3)
2 K
r
+t5
2
N
K
2
5
o
dd NaOH, t
→
h
→
1 -B3 K
2 K
<
;D)H'+'FpQr"
2"TC%;:)K@I)0s('8)7t3;D)5P'%?')7':@(.'/Cf‚3++##1
2A
++.3++#13
2
a
1Q+'E)D)"
t
M
11s`.t;t
2
#s
2
t
K
11s<C0t
#
2
#
2
t11s
2
t
2
11s.t
Bµi IV:
"5').(/);|Q@)-Y'%/)F(.)s5/)-t"#'5'Z)?
)q'=%-=/))5(/))&')U)!
tD)%&')5G%8H'I8C56@V=%/))5$)+'Q>.)^)~.:@. ! "W%ID%
X')^)5G)U)g'+E68g'%8H'-("8)7"
;t5'0M=%/))5$3/)(:)-09/)O8)7"
2"1I);P'h
2
5
2
1
m
)5'++
2
1
K
)-=I))+,'-*-D@)F(.
Q)@Q-@s)e;:)@t!
D)9')H/)FI))Q00:)-('8CF(Q>I);^|"8
)7"
;Žt;D))5').F'C$)x)&)5'%)x
Q)@"0)7;|&F'C$)x)&-(!'8)7"
t)@('8CR:)-&-@3@B+,(%)x6&"0O
!
Žt`.@)-05)6x-=`'#1
M
)5'++#
M
3'Y@-Y'%(68g'.@fC@B)
%•'0'%U)5'e'-6:)'/);*)S;P'yαz
2a
.Ab23N
QAMK
"'+S
F@V-Y'%C)U;D-qQyαz
2a
)>6,'-)')5Sq-S.Aa2
"
N
COOH
H
(Pro)
d.
N
CONH
2
Nicotiamit
Vitamin PP
C N(C
2
H
5
)
2
O
Codiamin
N
N
CH
3
Nicotin
N
N
H
Anabazin
N
CH
3
Nicotirin
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:15
*********************************************************************************************************************************
„%`sZ/)IX)I)t05Q!
`)+'Q>@).='+
M
r)5'@9)5Z';|&)-=08%l@69'()76x"('
Q>++I).T')-=+[I/)23M3N)51@^)C.FQ+[I/)23M3K3N)^)51@^)C.F"
tD)9')H/)5Xs+'Q?'N%•'tF33`3L;D)5P')5'%)x`(.$6D) β
3K'.|)"8)7QQD)%&')5G%8H'"
;tG0++@V-Y'%F`)U;D-qQyαz
2a
Q,'--)')5Sa2
O7)%E
%E)5g@/))5'++R')5Syαz
2a
wa2
a
QQD)9')H/)5XF/))%E-("
2"_^)C.)(@1FM32K'@@.%^);P')+'Q>
M
r)5'@9
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M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc - B¶ng A
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(180 phót, kh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ị )
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Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:16
*********************************************************************************************************************************
2#1
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M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc - B¶ng A
®Ị thi chÝnh thøcNgµy thi: 13/3/1999
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C©u I:
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:17
*********************************************************************************************************************************
"TC')$Q0W%ID%=%/)0)^)H)U)g'+E:)-09"8)70W%ID%-(!
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4
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Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:18
*********************************************************************************************************************************
O
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M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc - B¶ng A
®Ị thi chÝnh thøcNgµy thi: 13/3/2000
(180 phót, kh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ị )
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Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:19
*********************************************************************************************************************************
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M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc - B¶ng A
®Ị thi chÝnh thøcNgµy thi: 14/3/2000
s c%X)369'6*)Z''-t
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Cho s¬ ®å sau:
Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:20
*********************************************************************************************************************************
`
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Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:21
*********************************************************************************************************************************
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M«n Thi: Ho¸ Häc - B¶ng A
®Ị thi chÝnh thøcNgµy thi: 14/3/2001
(180 phót, kh«ng kĨ thêi gian giao ®Ị )
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Tuyển tập đề thi học sinh giỏi Quốc Gia Trang:22
*********************************************************************************************************************************
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