100 câu hoi loãng xuong

Ivy M. Alexander, PhD, C-ANP
Yale University School of Nursing
Và
Karla A. Knight, RN, MSN
Health Care Writer

 















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Giới thiệu chung

 Khái 
Câu hỏi 1–11  sinh lý   và 
 
 
  
 ,  Nó 

 Mãn kinh   không? g hay
không?

 C
Câu hỏi 12–40   các y          
nào 
 
 
 

 ?
 -score. T-score là gì?
 

 Th
Câu hỏi 41–71 trong 
cho 
và 
 
?

 Tôi   

 
  
 
 Tôi 
 estrogen vì estrogen còn giúp 
này có 
  nào 
? 
?

 
Câu hỏi 72– 89  cách phòng tránh ngã 
 
  ?
  

                

 



. Phòng tránh và 
Câu hỏi 90–100 
 

  
?

 ô bé 

  
 
 B             
ngày. N


 
trang web
Phụ lục A  có  
Phụ lục B:  danh sách các 
.
Thƣ mục
Thuật ngữ
Mục lục


Lời nói đầu


  
        cao b 
các câu khác nhau 
   . :
 bình   
  ,

           ì     câu
  

.
Làm s
tiên,  
. không  gì


và

ngã.
 
loãng  thông tin trên các 
,   
 
quãng phía  canxi  không 

 
lo


, và  
mà nó ?


ng




ràng


 vào Báo cáo 
General 
phòng tránh và 
 
là quá  
sách 
x  

Deborah T.Gold, Ph.D.

Khoa và 
k




Lời giới thiệu.

khi làm 
Bartlett      



, vì 

   
 tính   
Surgeon General ,
  , các  
.

 

i
  gây nên
  các 
 và  . Riêng
á nhân tôi, bà tôi   
.  
     vào           các

               
chúng ta khô
 
chu trình  
 
.  có
   thông
  
 
 cho .   dù theo
, chúng tôi còn chú ý vào  trong theo cách 
   
sung các   thông tin
. Vì 
thông tin  u
nên ch
tin mà chúng tôi   ngày.  
 
qua
ê




 V
tr 
 
sách, Karla Knight. Tôi   và 


     
 
 cá nhân. T           

              
Jones & ã 
 

mình   tôi và h
, .
Ivy M.Alexander



  mãn kinh  
-, 

 
Tôi  khác, nn; ,

 c dù tôi 

gì.

  
 T. Tôi
  và không ng

  
 n 
  - 
 là:
 mà bà


T-score 
 C
C
 nhi
 !

.  
  
Con  
 
chúng 
ngày.

 
tôi 
ng ngày.


con bé còn  
 .
Cng 

tôi . Và tôi luôn luôn  
.
luôn thôi thúc tôi trong khi

tin
  

 Kathy Richardson. 
,   Chris Davis, và Elizabeth Platt 
 không chút tính toán.

Carley, DMD; Mona Vogel, RPh; Jeff Robichaud, BA, DC; barry Bailey, MS,
             


     

 

tôi nói t

- Karla A.Knight


PHẦN 1
XƢƠNG VÀ SỰ PHÁT TRIỂN CỦA XƢƠNG


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

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



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
 
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







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 
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




 
             



              












            
          

 


                

                



              

 
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















600.000

800.000

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



180.000


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4. Loãng xƣơng diễn ra thế nào?
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

i 43, 44). 

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

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

           

 
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
 

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

n kinh.

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
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  
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
    






- 



          

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
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







khoáng hóa



Vitamin D 

                   

 
               



hay không?

 Vitamin A 
                 


 Vitamin B6             
homocyst             

 Vitamin C 



 Vitamin K 




 Folate hay axit folic, 
         

                








khác n


Ngoài gene này, các      

 Calcitonin 

 
 Parathyroid hormone (PTH) 



 Cortisol 




 Hormone sinh trƣởng GH 


 Thyroid hormone      

 
 Insulin 


 Các hormone sinh dục nhƣ estrogen và testosterone     






10. Mãn kinh có vai trò gì đối với loãng xƣơng? Có các loại
loãng xƣơng nào?





 





mãn kinh tự nhiên 


Thời kỳ sau mãn kinh chính là       
 






liệu pháp estrogen (ET).

                  
                liệu pháp
hormone thay thế (MHT). 
            





 



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(xem câu 45).
          

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


Hình 5

PHẦN 2: CÁC YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ VÀ CHẨN ĐOÁN
LOÃNG XƢƠNG



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







: GIO) 




                 






                 
glucocoGlucocorticoid-induced
osteoporosis (GIO). 


là tình 















 

Risk Factors and Testing




*Tuổi. 





* Giới. 


 
* Chủng tộc. 

      




* Tiền sử gãy xƣơng. 



* Tiền sử gia đình. 

* Thể trạng kém.  
* Hút thuốc: 

* Uống rƣợu nhiều: 


* Uống nhiều caffeine. 




-

- 
- -70 mg
- Coca-
- Coca không béo (12 aoxo): 46.5 mg


* Uống nhiều soda


 là

* Tiền sử kinh nguyệt. 





* Mãn kinh 


* Cân nặng cơ thể và chỉ số khối cơ thể (BMI). 

-

 -

       

www.obesity.org 
* Chế độ dinh dƣỡng kém
acid ci







* Sử dụng một số thuốc 


* Một số tình trạng bệnh 

* Lối sống ít vận động 


-44)
* Yếu tố gen. 









 

* Ngừng hút thuốc. 

* Chỉ uống ít rƣợu mỗi ngày. 
loã
* Thay thế các thức uống giàu caffeine 

nxi.
* Tập thể dục hàng ngày -45).
* Cải thiện chế độ ăn của bạn. 
 
-54).
* Hỏi ý kiến bác sỹ của bạn về việc thay thế thuốc đang sử dụng 







 








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                   
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            
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Béo phì 

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 
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