Công nghệ 8: Vẽ kỹ thuật docx
Bạn đang xem bản rút gọn của tài liệu. Xem và tải ngay bản đầy đủ của tài liệu tại đây (1.31 MB, 132 trang )
!
"!
!"#$%&'()
$#
*+,-
!
"#$%&'$"(
)*(
+,*(-$./0.
12.3
4./56(789:;<0(.(=>
*./
4?@A4:B/BC:.D:):1(A4:83$"
2E(/5(F(
)A@A4:G(:D83/(=
*01-12
HIJ#>@
)H8K@
1HLBC8#@
34567@4?(#M:7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567=@>?@<AB
C?
NO;
N
N2(3$"(P((C
%(-9(;Q(
O0ON
A7MB
'
A7MB
'
DBC?EFGHEI
AJ5<K5@
ORS
DC.E(O
!$>T8/#
/B(.D.
6 M U - V
#$%&'"()*+,* /
4?@W"B9.
M8
NW;8&CB6N
E(/5(!X(B
4?/Y()
8?L
N2B$;
(E(Q(/Y((
(
N'(
34567L >?@<GH
EIAM5<K56NEOPHQ<R5
4?@2UD>;(
7(
N2((>P((C
(' '( /Y( .
>F(M(DN
4?
#( /Z A D8
E(A4
4?@[.?L:
; 7 -
N;8&CD\N
(6#!
N;.C7]
^(U:(G
2'_`/0
E(
^(U: - $. (
#
2'_`/0
a=
2'_`/0
E(A4
Ab$.D
A2'_`
/0D
A^(U:-$.:
(#
A@ [= >]
(
A - $.: D8
D
A@2
"(&'(
UcM
W;)B6
%_C /0(
F6
*HEIAM5<K56N
EOPHQ<R5@
M(d8.D
. E(
]DC
U-CV"(&
#$%&'"()*+,* /
)
N(7!(
.3/((D
4?@^%e&8B
]8-=(!
"#$%&
34567S>?@<GH
EIAM5<K56NEO6TPN
4?@[$Fd
A4RD1S
Nf"$g/5(;M-
.d/Y(.
J ; D 9( ]
>8(DN
4?@
34567U >?@<GH
EI 5V3 8B8 WJ EX8 AM
5<K5D
4?#(/ZA-$.
$FdhA4
NW.O0;;
](JE(N
'_`
A@^(U:-$.
(G
A@b$.
A@2'
_`!4?
^(U: - $. (
G
A@b$.$Fd
hA4
A@2'
A (U: - $.:
&C?L
A/0
$FdhA4
:E(:
B V> .> $ >T8 :
E(D
*HEIAM5<K56N
EO6TPN
M ] ,8 U
$>T8(9>('$g
/5(;M-
"#$>T8
*HEI;Y5V3
8B8WJEX8AM5<K5
/Y( ( i O
0.@WF
6: %_C /0(: E(
(M>: M 0: (
E(: 9: -_
$0
#$%&'"()*+,* /
1
4?#(/ZA&C?L
(8
4?#(/ZA
/0$FdhA4
hW!("
4=)A=>](#A4'_`(jA4
k#(/Z=G@
?i='_`
?i=D83/()lDm
0
"1
=0
*+,-
@
D
^.D!7
)*(
+,*(-$._>e>:D:8n
>o(
12.3
4./5A60(.(=>
*./
4?@A4:B/BC:8ED:.D)(A4
)A@=KD83/(8#
*01-12
HIJ#>@
)H8K@
N2N
1HLBC8#@
(4?(#M7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567= >?@< * B C? EF >
#$%&'"()*+,* /
h
ABC?EF>8Z<
4?#(/ZAD8
E(A4
4?@L0D
)!8E
A &C $0
7M(Q.$.(
;(!8Z
4?(=A&C?L
N2D
Nf"D
8! 8
N
4?@^%e/0
D
34567L>?@<
EF[\[8Z<
4?#(/ZA-
$. D )) : :
%ein8!
.
4?@^%e&
8B/0D
34567S>?@<
>8Z<E<]^8D
A@ [= >] p A4
D8E(
^(U:-$.:(#
A@q&C ?Li
>e>D
A'_`\AC
.D!
A(U:-$.:(
#
A@b$.D))
::%ein
8!.
A(U:-$.:(
#
A (U: - $.:D8
3/(D
8Z<
78n
>o( : D
7 8n >o( ;
(=D!
*B8[\[8Z<
H re> %7 _8@
W;.%&>.
X838
)Hre>$($(@
W; . $(
$(#
1Hre>E((;@
W; . E(
(; # 8n >o( !
D
* B8 > 8Z<
#$%&'"()*+,* /
k
4?@WA-$.
DA48E1
8n>o(
4?@[.8Z
A - $. 1 8n
>o(.8G
.8n>o(
N aC 7 . D
F(( #7
(=8n>o(N
NaC-$.D)1
;J
6"#.
8nN
4?/Y(8Z(
8
34567U >?@<
E_5V`8B8>8Z<
NaC-$.D)h
J 6 F(
" (Q . D
7N
4? /Y( 83
8?L
4?7.9<
/# /B( .
b$.'_`
A'_`/0
D
Ab$.'_
`
Ab$.:(U:(
G
Ab$.:(U:D8
3 /( D
2'_`
^(U:-$.:(#
^(U:-$.:(#
E<]^8
HW.8n>o(@
fn 6 /M (=
8n>o((
fnP8(((=
8n>o(P(
fnB7(=8n
>o(B
)HW.D@
D ( ;
#(X##
D P( ;
#( X 7
%"(
D B ;
#(X.$(
* _ 5V` 8B8 >
8Z<$#
27.
D!83
7 Y( 83
8n>o(!D
C@ A 8n
>o( P(
8G%"(/#Y(
# 8s (: 8s
B8G$(
7 > Y( # 8s
9(
#$%&'"()*+,* /
t
DR'(eS
hW!("
4=)A@[=>](#A4
4?@#(/Z._`A4
k#(/Z=G
?i='_`\WTJ$0
"
L'a'0!b
*+,-
@
$07-(Q#(D^.
"6.D7
)O*(@
+,O*(.D!F(X8EDnXD
E((
12.3@
4./56T:(789:(QM$:(;>>]M8E'(
%(-8M
*./
4?@A4:B/BC:(>5:8ED:D
)A@4&Cu
h
:9D:TC:D88#
*01-12
HIJ#>@
)H8K@
N^77(=J6!.DG7N
1HLBC8#@
34567@8$0TJ!A:(#M:7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567=<cG_
LY((>5: 8Z
(#M./5(5:
^(U: - $.: (
#
*<cG_
#$%&'"()*+,* /
j
M]('2
34567L7;<5X8
4?/Y((>5:D
8Z#(/ZA
3/(C7]0
#(
D
u W
[(
P(
WB
^(U: - $. V8
Q( 3 /(
>F(>.>2
*7;<5X8
[./&%(
1cv$0F(
((Q.D
.#(
?B.D
9(J6
34567SX8
43/(2A
r_;8J62
WA2
A3/(2
A;82
A2U
3/(a
DX8
20U 3
/( 7 U ;8
R)AH;8S(&Cu
h
34567U(BBAZ5
d<H
4=B/M);87
D]C-4=;8
.%e
4?%e(i('
0
w7].;8M$
F0:(;>>]
[B/M);87
D ]C - 4=
;8.%e
^(U: - $.: 9
(M8
?M$F0
D(BBAZ5d<H
#$%&'"()*+,* /
x
M8E'(%(-
hW!("@
=>];U8A4
k#(/Z=G
?i078:
2D83/(h@."/M
0
2
"0
S(ef
*+,-
@
^/B(."/M'((n>@DQ:D*(5
i:D;>i
[=;/B(DQ:D*(5i:D;>
i
)O*(@
+,O*(-$.6G((!A
12.3@
4./5A6(789:0(.
*./
4?@A4:B/BC:2Dh.D(A4:fE
D."/M
)A@=KD88#
*01-12
HIJ#>@
)H8K@
N2D!N
1HLBC8#@
345674?(#M7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567= >?@< *N6:;C
#$%&'"()*+,* /
y
AN6:;C
4?@2Uh
A47(:#(/Z
A-$.
NaC."
;G.D
(DN
NaC83$"
;/B(."/M
8U8N
34567L >?@<
EF>7[8gK5
4?@[8ED
D 3> Q
A-$.
ND3>Q
(#BG.D(DN
4?@ : #(
/Z A ( G /0
8Z(>5
4?@[n8ZD
3> Q ( 8E
D8n>o(
P(D(C7]n
8n ! 8Z $(
$(#8n>o(
("/MF('
-$.
2U ( h A
:i3/(
(
4?@ 4= B /M
;87(i(
>5:A.%e:z
%(
A@b$.Dh:
:
A@2'/0D
A7M0'
_`!4?
A-$.D
8Z
A@2'/0D
8Z
A@{(h(
A4G
A@b$.:(#
A-$.:
i3/((
[B /M ;8 7
(i(>5:A
"/M
GD(.>o(
*>7[8gK5
H.M8@
D3>Q
G$.DQ
)H D ! D
3>Q@
> e
[( W^
@
/@/
) P( W^
@3(
@/
1 WB W^
@
@3(
#$%&'"()*+,* /
|
4?
34567S >?@<
>Wh5Vi6F<D
4?@2U
8ED*(5
i:#(/ZA-
$.:D83/(
N aC "
/MGDhh(#
BG.D(DN
N?CD*(
5iN
4? (= A 7 (
i3/(E(
(h)U8ZA4
4?@ 4= ) A .
%e: 4? %e
/0 D
8Z
34567U >?@<
EF>8^[6F<
4?@ WA - $.
8ED
N aC "
/M (# B G
.D(DN
4? (= A 7 (
i3/(E(
(h1U8ZA4
4?@ 4= A .
%e: 4? %e
/0 D
8Z
4?@#(/ZA
.%e:z%(
^(U:-$.:(G
A@b$.:D8
3/(
A@2'/0D
8Z
A@^VB
A7(i3
/((>5:A.
%e
)A%eA.
-$.:(G
A@b$.
A@ [= D
!D;>i
.CE('_
`
A7(i3
/((>5:A.
%e
A%eA.
-$.:(G
A(U-$.(
*>Wh5Vi6F<
H.M8@
D *( 5 i
(#BG)8n.C
. D (. P(
. 8n 7
. D Q P(
)H D ! D
*(5i@A4
> e
[(
)W^
@
@/
) P(
24
i
@3(
@/
1 WB W^
@
@3(
*>8^[6F<
H.M8@
D;>i(#
BGfn.CD
(. i . 8n
7.D8(.
_P(;(
8
)H D ! D
;>i@A4
> e
[( 24
@
/@/
) P(
?E(
;
'(
e
/@/
@3(
1 WB 24 @
#$%&'"()*+,* /
< c /Y( ) D
_
@3(
hW!("
4=A@[=>](#A4
4?#(/ZA'_`
k#(/Z=G
Ai='_`A4\WTJkA4
1
2
"
U'a'(ef
*+,-
@
[=.D!;/B(."/M
r.C6G(((E((
)O*(@
+,O*(.D!F(X8EDnXD
E((
12.3@
4./56T:(789:(QM$:(;>>]M8E'(
%(-8M
*./
4?@A4:B/BC:(>5:8ED:D
)A@4&Cu
h
:9D:TC:D88#
*01-12
HIJ#>@
)H8K@
N^77(=J6!.DG7N
1HLBC8#@
34567@8$0TJ!A:(#M:7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567=<cG_
LY((>5: 8Z ^(U: - $.: (
*<cG_
#$%&'"()*+,* /
)
(#M./5(5:
M]('2
34567L7;<5X8
4?/Y((>5:D
8Z#(/ZA
3/(C7]0
?
u W L
)
1
h
#
^(U: - $. V8
Q( 3 /(
>F(>.>2
*7;<5X8
[= D
:):1:hRDkS
"#.
u: :W: LRD k)S
P( . . /& %
(k
? . D
(:P(:
B!u::
W:L
34567SX8
43/(2A
r_;8J62
WA2
A3/(2
A;82
A2U
3/(a
DX8
20U)3
/( 7 U ;8
R)AH;8S(&Cu
h
34567U(BBAZ5
d<H
4=B/M);87
D]C-4=;8
.%e
4?%e(i('
0
w7].;8M$
F0:(;>>]
[B/M);87
D ]C - 4=
;8.%e
^(U: - $.: 9
(M8
?M$F0
D(BBAZ5d<H
#$%&'"()*+,* /
1
M8E'(%(-
hW!("@
=>];U8A4
k#(/Z=G
?i078:
2D83/(t@."
2
3
"
j %"k
*+,-
^/B(." %C'((n>@D5:D;:D
]
)O*(@
[=;/B(D5:D;:D]
12.3@
4./5A6T:0(.:=
*./
4?@2Dt).D(A4:fED." %C
)A@}U8#:#o(
*01-12
HIJ#>@
)H8K@
1HLBC8#@
345674?(#M7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567= >?@<
EFAN5VlQ3:m
4?@2Ut)
A47(
.8EDi"
%C
A@b$.:D8
3/(D
*N5VlQ3:m
#$%&'"()*+,* /
h
LY((>5 #(
/Z A
8Mi
4=AD]C:A
.%e
N?C"
%CN W9( B
N
4?@/0
D:8Mi
N~8aC83$"
; /B( "
%C8U8N
34567L >?@<
>8Z<89:>5Vi
4?@2U
8EDD5:
n.C$($(#8n
>o(P(!8E
D18ncv
.>F(E(
(; X /# #:
X 7 %"(
X.$(>
NaC77(=!.
A@ 2
8Mi
A D ]C: A
.%e
2'_`/0
D8Mi
^(U:-$.(G
q7M0'
^(U:-$.7M
K
2'/0D
2'/0D
" %C "
D=B
-C83D>o(
- '( " J
R5-CS
*>8Z<89:>
5Vi
D
D
/B(
6
#
[( W^ /:
P( D
/
WB W^ /:
#$%&'"()*+,* /
k
DN
ND;/B((DN
^; M 6 #
!D5N
W A 2
i(tA4
4= B /M ;8
D]C:4?%e
34567S >?@<
EF>8Z<89:>
^
N aC = D
!D;RD
tkS$;"#
Dth'._
`iD:D
/B(: 6 # P(
.i.E(
(t)
WA20
i(t
4=B/M83;8
': ;8 .
%e
34567U >?@<
>8Z<89:>8<
W A - $. 8E
D=D
!D]tj
A2 i
(tA4
[B/M;8D
]C: ;8 B -
$.:(G
b$.D'
_`
A@2i
(tA4
[B/M83;8
':;8.%e:
(G
b$.D'
_`(t1
*>8Z<89:>
^
D
D
/B(
6
#
[( 28
(.
/:
P( D
/
WB 28
(.
/:
*>8Z<89:>
8<
D D 6
#$%&'"()*+,* /
t
' _ ` i D
: D /B( 6
#P(.i
E"(((t1
4=B/M83;8
': ;8 .
%e
[B/M83;8
':;8.%e:
(G
/B( #
[( D
/
P( D
/
WB D
/
hW!("
4=A@[=>](#A4
4?#(/ZA'_`
k#(/Z=G
Ln/ Ai='_`A4WTJ#j@
>0@[=." %C
03
1 13
"!3
n'a'
( %"k
*+,-
@
[=.D!;/B(" %C
)O*(@
+,*(>.C6G(((E((:.D
!;D/B(" F(
12.3@
4./56T60>
*./
#$%&'"()*+,* /
j
4?@fED.D)1A4
)A@L5(50
*01-12
IJ#>@
)8K@
ND5:D;:D]&BN
1LBC8#@
345674?(#M7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567=<cG_
4?(#M./5(
5: M ] ('
0
w7 ] 8 M U
-CD:M8(C7
M(QM$(
345 67L 7 ;<
5X8
oLY(D:(>5
#(/ZA3/(
0:^7.8
]<0:
>F(>.>i-
2H(jj)
34567LX8
43/(0
A
WA8
0
^(U:-$.8
B$0TJ
^(U: - $. V8
Q(3/(C7]
>0:>F(
>.> i - 0
^3/(2H
2 0
U;8
D<cG_
D7;<5X8
[=.:):1:h
RjSaC ./&R%S
(jcv$0
F(-(Q.
# .
u::W:LRj)S
)r_6Rj)S
%a J
BX."D
= P(..
/&R%S(j)
DX8
2U)3/(7:(
-..2H
U 8Z ( j
(j)R2U;8@ )
AH;8S
#$%&'"()*+,* /
x
345 67 S(B B
AZ5d<H
LY((>5 #(
/Z A 0 . (.
- 0 (Q .
;8
4=B/M.;8
=-0!
;88D
4?%e(i
('2H
^(U: - $. W.
;80.(.-
Z
[B/M.;8=
- 0 !
;88D
^(U9(M8
D(BBAZ5d<H
u W L
%
) %
1 %
h %
?
u W L
D5
% %
D;5
% %
D3>
% % % %
D`8]
%
hW!("@
w7]=$M$F0:(;>>]M8E'(%(
-
k#(/Z=G@
LnAi078G
2D83/(x@.M8i•DV
003
3
"13
pq#J
'rf+sot
*D+i85u<
DV8(DN
.M8E(/5(!DV
)O*(@
+,O*(-$.:DV
DVN
12.3@
4./56(789:0(.
D<cG_D
4?@A4:B/BC:.D!xA4:8Z
#$%&'"()*+,* /
y
)A@}U8#
DB85Z5V>WuWO[
IJ#>
)8K
18#
345674?(#M7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567=@ >?@<
ABC?EF>8v5
#(/ZA-$.
x
N2B$VE-
8BD&C>]
898G7(
4?z%((6
4?8ED"(;
Dx)A4A
-$.
NDV"(;
N
N2B$(
i > $g
/5(DV!
4?9.M8
(6/0D
8Z
NDV.8nVG
8
b$.'._
`
^(U:-$.D8
n 8 ! D V:
8nV
A'/0D
E(A4
A'/0D
E(A4
^(U:-$.(G
2'_`/0
DA4
DBC?EF>8v5@
DVD
>] G $ 8n
>o(V
DV/€v
FD/B(7(
!
r] J 8n
#$%&'"()*+,* /
)|
[);$g
/5(DV8nV
A D
V:8nVE(/5(
!
9(
A(U:-$.:(
#
>o(VV-{
(B(B
hW!("
4=A@[=>](#A4
k#(/Z=G@
4?#(/ZA'_`
Ln/ Ai='_`A4\WTJy@
23
3 03
"3
w0
D+i85u<
@
A3/(!
.=F(
)O*(@
+,O*(-$.=
12.3@
4./56T:c8c-$.>_6
D<cG_
4?@A4:B/BC:"(;:(>5:8ED
)A@[=#
DZ5V>;4mx8
IJ#>@
)8K@
N2ONO; ($
%&'$"(N
N2DVNDV/Y(8(DN
1LBC8#@
#$%&'"()*+,* /
)
345674?(#M7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567= >?@<
7;<89:GHEI8
5Z5
4?@4#M
$;8E
D"(;Dy
A4
N(d8
Q(3/(N
4?z$(:(6
X( 3 /( /0
"(;
N/Y(
8(DN
LY( ( >5 (#
M83$"-CJ!
@(
:6#J
6(7
345 67 L>? @<
A@b$.
A@b$.D
'_`
^(U:-$.:(G
2'@/Y(/€
D/B(&!
^(U:-$.(#
^(U:-$.:(G
D7 ;< 89: GH EI
85Z5
(d8
D /€@ W
(: D P(:
DB:DV:
8nV
6#@4d8&
. 6 # ]
MB
w7]O@(d8
.c/Z(E(:%g
<i8n
(7@(.3
/(@7(=:
cM:F-
nF-- <
$>T8:(':(C
: (' 8 : (C
8
D(x8GHEI85Z5
$#5V:L=
#$%&'"()*+,* /
))
8B86x8GHEI85Z5
LY((>5
#(/ZAD0
=3/(]=
R(yA4S
4?@#(/ZA=
"(;y
WA=
U;8R)AH;8S
4= ] A 7
(=
DyA4
4?%e:z%(
.#=
^(U: - $. V8
Q( . = 3
/(]
A=U
;8R)AH;8S
q] A7 (
=D
yA4
^(U:-$.9
(M8
2D0=
@[=3/((
7
)@[=D/€
1@[=.6#
h@[=.C7]
k@2z(>
)[="(
;RyA4S
4#@A4
hW!("@
4=A@[=>](#A4
k#(/Z=G@
4?#(/ZA'_`
Ln/ Ai='_`A4\WTJ|A4
23
13
"03
yK[5X8
(0(q#zt
*+i85u<
@
[=F(;DV
)O*(@
#$%&'"()*+,* /
)1
_(*(>_6=
12.3@
4./56T:c8c6%.:8MU-CD;=
*<cG_
4?@(>5.>.0::A4:B/BC:
8Z
)A@=K:D88#:A4:G(:G>
*B85Z5V>WuWO[@
IJ#>@
) 8K
1 8#
345674?(#M7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567=
4#M./5(5:
d/Y(]('0
34567L7;<
LY(|
(>5#(/ZA
3/(0[d(
'c .$ `(
0
34567SX8
4?(3/(0
A
r_;82
WA0
345 67 UK Q\5
^(U:-$.8
B $0 T J ! .
_
^(U: - $. V8
Q(3/(0
.8]9C7
] 0
^ 3 /( 0
:;82
20 U 3
/(4?(
*<cG_
*7;<
[= (
R |S ( 3
/( ] 8Z
(y
*X8
20 U 3
/(7G>
R)AH;8S
* K Q\5 E 6B
B
#$%&'"()*+,* /
)h
E6BB
LY((>5D
|:|)#(/ZA
0 . (. - 2
Z
^(U:-$.0.
(.-2Z
/0 #( /Z
(-!4?
hW!("@
4%e(i('2
k#(/Z=G@
Ln/ Ai='_`A4\WTJ1A4
!13
3
"3
be{|
*+i85u<
@
^<MU7{
-C#iU:M83$"BU7
)O*(@
+,•*(.BU-.D
12.3@
4./56T:c8c-$.>_6
*<cG_
4.7@2:8Z;U:A4:B/BC
)=$@=KD88#
*B85Z5V>WuWO[
IJ#>@
) 8K@E(8
1 8#@
345674?(#M7857=
3456789:# 3456789:$ 7;<
34567=5Z58^
V}
WA-$.D
b$.D
A4:7M0
*5Z58^V}
#$%&'"()*+,* /
)k
