Gerund - Present Participle - Perfect Gerung - Perfect Participle ( Taught 12 On 3.6.2022).Pptx

A. Have risen

C. He delivered it

A. – lack => lack of St = Shortage of St

A. – to do

C. the

B. that
A. Cosmonaut /ˈkɒzməˌnɔːt/: nhà du hành vũ trụ

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D. A travel agent ( nhân viên lữ hành)

C. both

A. Slightly to signal
C. Weight

C. are

C. Held


B.
GRAMMAR
1.Gerund and present participle.

2.Perfect gerund and perfect participle.


I. GERUND AND PRESENT PARTICIPLE: VING.
DANH ĐỘNG TỪ & HIỆN TẠI PHÂN TỪ

1.Gerund (danh động từ): V-ing
- Làm chủ ngữ: Painting is our work.
- Làm túc từ cho V (V+V_ing): She enjoys working
- Làm túc từ cho giới từ (Pre.+V_ing)
I’m afraid of going out alone in the dark.


2. Present participle : V-ing
1. Dùng trong thì tiếp diễn: He is singing .
2. Dùng như tính từ: Football is an exciting sport.
3. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ ( ĐT dạng chủ động):
The train (which is) arriving at the station is one hour late.
4. Đi sau động từ : see, hear, smell, watch, notice, touch, observe (hđ đang
xãy ra), feel, find, catch, leave + O + V-ing (p.participle)
EX: Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain
Do you hear him singing?


5. Sau 1 số động từ: waste/ spend + time/ money + V-ing, be busy, …..
Ex: You waste time copying the lesson again.
6. Rút gọn S trong câu khi 2 MĐ có cùng S.
Ex: I entered the room, I saw him
→ Entering the room, I saw him.

3. Practice 1 Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate
gerund of the verbs
spend behave wait park start bend

meet

listen

Ex. He found that parking
_______ was difficulty in that city.
1. I have no objection to listening
_______ to your story again.
2. Touch your toes without bending
_______ your knees!
3.You should be ashamed of yourself forbehaving
_______ so badly.
meeting you.
4. I am looking forward to _______
5. You can’t prevent him fromspending
_______ his own money.
6. Would you mind _______
waiting for a moment.
7. In spite of _______
starting late, we arrived in time.
SGK – P.54


3. Practice 2 Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate
present participle of the verbs

lie

modernize shop pass prepare rise

try burn read

Example:
passing my house.
I saw him _______
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

She smelt something burning
________ and saw smoke______.
rising
If she catches you reading
_______ her diary, she’ll be furious.
They found a treelying
_____ across the road.
I’m going shopping
_________this after noon.
He doesn’t spend much time __________his
lesson.
preparing
They wasted a whole afternoon trying

______ to repair the bike.
They spent a lot of money ____________the
house.
modernizing
SGK – P.54


II. PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE: HAVING + V3/ED
DANH ĐỘNG TỪ HOÀN THÀNH & PHÂN TỪ HOÀN THÀNH
1. Perfect gerund (Having + V3/ed): Chỉ hành động đã hoàn thành trong
Quá Khứ.
He was accused of having deserted his ship two months ago.
He denied having been there.
2. Perfect participle (Having + V3/ed)
- Rút gọn hai mệnh đề cùng chủ ngữ, cho hành động xảy ra trước.
Ex: Having tied/tying one end of the rope to his bed, he threw the other
end out of the window.
- Rút gọn MĐ trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian.
Ex: The thief left after having stolen her diamond ring.


II. PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE: HAVING + V3/ED
DANH ĐỘNG TỪ HOÀN THÀNH & PHÂN TỪ HOÀN THÀNH
3. Remarks:
1) Perfect participle : có thể được thay thế bởi Gerund, khi 2 hành động có
cùng S & xảy ra liên tiếp nha.
Ex: Having tied/tying one end of the rope to his bed, he threw the other
end out of the window.
 
2) Có 1 khoảng thời gian giữa 2 hành động, bắt buộc dùng Perfect

Participle.
Having see that film before, I didn’t want to go to the cinema
Having taken the wrong turn, he ended up in a dangerous neighborhood


Practice 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the perfect
gerund or perfect participle
having made
1. I object to him ……………....................(make)
private calls
on the office phone.
Having been
2. …………………………(be)
his own boss for such a long time,
he found it hard to accept orders from another.

3. They denied ………………………………(be)
there.
having been
4. ………………………….(tie)
one end of the rope to his bed,
Having tied
he threw the other end out of the window.
SGK – P.55


Having read
5. ………………………………(read)
the instruction, he snatched
up the fire extinguisher.

having taken
6. The children admitted …………………………(take)
the
money.

SGK – P.55


Escaping from prison, he looked for a place where he could ger food

Having heard it all before, she did not want to hear the story again

Finding the money, the began quareling about how to divide it

Entering the room suddenly, she found them smoking

Turning on the light, I was astonished at what I saw

Having visited the museum, we decided to have lunch in the park

SGK – P.55