A Short Course for Business English Students 2nd Edition Cambridge Professional English_7 pdf

192 BPM Meets BI
Java Development Kit. Software package used to
write, compile, debug, and run Java applets and
applications.
Java Message Service. An application
programming interface that provides Java language
functions for handling messages.
Java Runtime Environment. A subset of the Java
Development Kit that allows you to run Java applets
and applications.
Key Performance Indicator (KPI). A specific
value threshold of a business metric that defines the
acceptable business performance level.
Listener. In WebSphere MQ distributed queuing, a
program that detects incoming network requests
and starts the associated channel.
Master data. Data that remains unchanged over a
long period of time. (attributes, texts, and hierarchies
similar to data warehouse dimensions).
Materialized Query Table. A table where the
results of a query are stored, for later reuse.
Measure. A data item that measures the
performance or behavior of business processes.
Message broker. A set of execution processes
hosting one or more message flows.
Message domain. The value that determines how
the message is interpreted (parsed).
Message flow. A directed graph that represents
the set of activities performed on a message or event
as it passes through a broker. A message flow
consists of a set of message processing nodes and

message processing connectors.
Message parser. A program that interprets the bit
stream of an incoming message and creates an
internal representation of the message in a tree
structure. A parser is also responsible to generate a
bit stream for an outgoing message from the internal
representation.
Message processing node connector. An entity
that connects the output terminal of one message
processing node to the input terminal of another.
Message processing node. A node in the
message flow, representing a well-defined
processing stage. A message processing node can
be one of several primitive types or it can represent
a subflow.
Message Queue Interface. The programming
interface provided by the WebSphere MQ queue
managers. This programming interface allows
application programs to access message queuing
services.
Message queuing. A communication technique
that uses asynchronous messages for
communication between software components.
Message repository. A database that holds
message template definitions.
Message set. A grouping of related messages.
Message type. The logical structure of the data
within a message.
Meta Data. Typically called data (or information)
about data. It describes or defines data elements.

Metrics (business). Measurements of business
performance.
MOLAP. Multi-dimensional OLAP. Can be called
MD-OLAP. It is OLAP that uses a multi-dimensional
database as the underlying data structure.
MultiCube. A
pre-joined view of two or more cubes
represented as an OLAP cube to the user.
MQSeries. A previous name for WebSphere MQ.
Multi-dimensional analysis. Analysis of data
along several dimensions. For example, analyzing
revenue by product, store, and date.
Glossary 193
Nickname. An identifier that is used to reference
the object located at the data source that you want
to access.

Node. A device connected to a network.
Node Group. Group of one or more database
partitions.
ODS. Operational data store: A relational table for
holding clean data to load into InfoCubes, and can
support some query activity.
OLAP. OnLine Analytical Processing.

Multi-dimensional data analysis, performed in
real-time. Not dependent on underlying data
schema.
Open Database Connectivity. A standard
application programming interface for accessing

data in both relational and non-relational database
management systems. Using this API, database
applications can access data stored in database
management systems on a variety of computers
even if each database management system uses a
different data storage format and programming
interface. ODBC is based on the call level interface
(CLI) specification of the X/Open SQL Access
Group.
Open Hub. Enables distribution of data from an
SAP BW system for external uses.
Optimization. The capability to enable a process
to execute and perform in such a way as to maximize
performance, minimize resource utilization, and
minimize the process execution response time
delivered to the user.
Output node. A message processing node that
represents a point at which messages flow out of the
message flow.
Partition. Part of a database that consists of its
own data, indexes, configuration files, and
transaction logs.
Pass-through. The act of passing the SQL for an
operation directly to the data source without being
changed by the federation server.
Pivoting. Analysis operation where user takes a
different viewpoint of the results. For example, by
changing the way the dimensions are arranged.
Plug-in node. An extension to the broker, written
by a third-party developer, to provide a new

message processing node or message parser in
addition to those supplied with the product.
Point-to-point. Style of application messaging in
which the sending application knows the destination
of the message.
Predefined message. A message with a structure
that is defined before the message is created or
referenced.
Process. An activity within or outside an SAP
system with a defined start and end time.
Process Variant. Name of the process. A process
can have different variants. For example, in the
loading process, the name of the InfoPackage
represents the process variants. The user defines a
process variant for the scheduling time.
Primary Key. Field in a database table that is
uniquely different for each record in the table.
PSA. Persistent staging area: Flat files that hold
extract data that has not yet been cleaned or
transformed.
Pushdown. The act of optimizing a data operation
by pushing the SQL down to the lowest point in the
federated architecture where that operation can be
executed. More simply, a pushdown operation is one
that is executed at a remote server.
Queue Manager. A subsystem that provides
queuing services to applications. It provides an
application programming interface so that
applications can access messages on the queues
that are owned and managed by the queue

manager.
194 BPM Meets BI
Queue. A WebSphere MQ object. Applications can
put messages on, and get messages from, a queue.
A queue is owned and managed by a queue
manager. A local queue is a type of queue that can
contain a list of messages waiting to be processed.
Other types of queues cannot contain messages but
are used to point to other queues.
RemoteCube. An InfoCube whose transaction
data is managed externally rather than in SAP BW.
ROLAP. Relational OLAP. Multi-dimensional
analysis using a multi-dimensional view of relational
data. A relational database is used as the underlying
data structure.
Roll-up. Iterative analysis
, exploring facts at a
higher level of summarization.
Server. A device or computer that manages
network resources, such as printers, files,
databases, and network traffic.
Shared nothing. A data management architecture
where nothing is shared between processes. Each
process has its own processor, memory, and disk
space.
Slice and Dice. Analysis across several
dimensions and across many categories of data
items. Typically to uncover business behavior and
rules.
SOAP. Defines a generic message format in XML.

Static SQL. SQL that has been compiled prior to
execution. Typically provides best performance.
Subflow. A sequence of message processing
nodes that can be included within a message flow.
Subject Area. A logical grouping of data by
categories, such as customers or items.
Synchronous Messaging. A method of
communication between programs in which a
program places a message on a message queue
and then waits for a reply before resuming its own
processing.
Thread. In WebSphere MQ, the lowest level of
parallel execution available on an operating system
platform.
Type Mapping. The mapping of a specific data
source type to a DB2 UDB data type.
UDDI. A special Web service which allows users
and applications to locate Web services.
Unit of Work. A recoverable sequence of
operations performed by an application between two
points of consistency.
User Mapping. An association made between the
federated server user ID and password and the data
source (to be accessed) user ID and password.
Virtual Database. A federation of multiple
heterogeneous relational databases.
Warehouse Catalog. A subsystem that stores and
manages all the system metadata.
WebSphere MQ. A family of IBM licensed
programs that provides message queuing services.

Workbook. Microsoft Excel workbook with
references to InfoProvider.
Wrapper. The means by which a data federation
engine interacts with heterogeneous sources of
data. Wrappers take the SQL that the federation
engine uses and maps it to the API of the data
source to be accessed. For example, they take DB2
SQL and transform it to the language understood by
the data source to be accessed.
WSDL. Language to define specific SOAP
messages interfaces understood by the Web
services provider.
XML. Defines a universal way of representing data,
and an XML schema defines the format.
xtree. A query-tree tool that allows you to monitor
the query plan execution of individual queries in a
graphical environment.
Glossary 195
Zero latency. This is a term applied to a process
where there are no delays as it goes from start to
completion.
196 BPM Meets BI
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved. 197
Related publications
The publications listed in this section are considered particularly suitable for a
more detailed discussion of the topics covered in this IBM redbook.
IBM Redbooks
For information on ordering these publications, see “How to get IBM Redbooks”
on page 198. Note that some of the documents referenced here may be available
in softcopy only.

 Patterns: Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services, SG24-6303
 On Demand Operating Environment: Creating Business Flexibility,
SG24-6633
 On Demand Operating Environment: Managing the Infrastructure,
SG24-6634
 WebSphere Product Family Overview and Architecture, SG24-6963
 Preparing for DB2 Near-Realtime Business Intelligence, SG24-6071
Other publications
These publications are also relevant as further information sources:
 Best Practices in Business Performance Management: Business and
Technical Strategies, TDWI report series, March 2004, Wayne Erickson,
Director of Research at The Data Warehousing Institute (TDWI)
 Building the Real-Time Enterprise by Colin White, President of BI Research,
for TDWI Report Series, November 2003
 Information integration - Extending the data warehouse, Dr. Barry Devlin, IBM
Corporation
 Information integration - Distributed access and data consolidation, Dr. Barry
Devlin, IBM Corporation
 IBM Business Performance Management: Leveraging Lotus Workplace
Capabilities to monitor and manage business operations & systems, an IBM
Document by Kenneth Perry and Kumar Bhaskaran
198 BPM Meets BI
 Establishing a business performance management ecosystem, an IBM White
paper
 Enable dynamic behavior changes in business performance management
solutions by incorporating business rules, an IBM White paper
 Enable your applications, subsystems or components for business service
management, an IBM White paper
Online resources
This Web site is also relevant as a further information source:

 BPM Standards Group:

How to get IBM Redbooks
You can search for, view, or download IBM Redbooks, Redpapers, and
Technotes, draft publications and additional materials, as well as order hardcopy
IBM Redbooks or CD-ROMs, at this Web site:
ibm.com/redbooks
Help from IBM
IBM Support and downloads:
ibm.com/support
IBM Global Services:
ibm.com/services
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved. 199
Index
A
Activity Editor 121
Adapter Development Kit 119
adaptive performance management 22
alerts 31, 34, 36, 47, 57
analytic application 9, 47, 60
analytic applications 28
analytical functions 63
Application adapters 118
application and data access services 100
ARIS to WebSphere MQ Workflow Bridge 116
B
balanced scorecard 58
Basel II 17
BI (see business intelligence)
BIRA (see Business Integration Reference Architec-

ture)
BPEL (see Business Process Execution Language)
BPM 4, 8, 24
(also see business performance management)
BPM Forum 15
BPM framework 22
BPM optimization cycle domains 52
BPM reference architecture 21
BPM solutions 20
BPM Standards Group 15
BPM definition 15
BSM (See business services management)
business activity monitoring 1
Business analysis 104
business application services 100
Business dashboard 70
business event data 19
Business execution 29
Business Innovation and Optimization 2
Business integration 97
Business Integration Reference Architecture 98
business intelligence x, 2, 8, 13, 27, 135
assets 62
business perspective 30
operational 30
real-time x
strategic 30
tactical 30
business modeling 52
Business Object Designer 121

Business objects 113
business performance management ix, 11, 14, 51
alerts 19
benefits 16
Business Service Management ix
closed-loop system 51
common event infrastructure 53
functional components 22
IBM framework 23
Information Management ix
Process Management ix
reference architecture 21
services 99
strategy considerations 21
Business planning 29
Business process execution 102, 107
Business Process Execution Container 107
Business Process Execution Language 72, 102,
109
business process management
enablers 51
Framework 51
Business process modeling 18
business processes 7
monitoring and managing 7
business rules 28, 71
business service management ix, 18, 75
C
CBE (See Common Base Event)
CEI (See Common Event Infrastructure)

closed-loop system 19, 62
clustering services 101
collaborations 112
common base event 73
common event infrastructure 53, 72
domain 72
Common Object Request Broker Architecture 80
Composing Web services 115
200 BPM Meets BI
CORBA 80, 112–113
corporate performance management 14
Cross-functional approach 180
cycle of activities 6
D
DADx (see Document Access Definition Extension)
dashboards x, 24, 28, 54, 56, 69
architecture 60
Business 70
executive 68
operational process 59, 67
tactical 58
Workflow 69
data consolidation 64, 134
data federation 64–65, 86, 134
Data mapping 113
data mart 24, 39
data mining 63
data partitioning 9
data replication 64
data warehouse x, 24, 128

continuous update 135
Data warehousing 128
DB2 Alphablox 55–56, 62, 64, 145, 166
DB2 command line 91
DB2 Content Manager 55–56, 63, 65
DB2 Control Center 66, 91–92
DB2 Data Warehouse Edition 63
DB2 isolation levels 139
DB2 UDB 8–9, 69
Bufferpools 138
Concurrency 139
Configuration recommendations 138
Data Partitioning 128
High availability 133
High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing 133
horizontal scalability 128
I/O Parallelism 130
parallelism 130
partitioning 130
see also DB2 Universal Database)
snapshot monitor 139
vertical scalability 129
DB2 UDB Data Warehouse Edition 55–56
DB2 Universal Database 39, 42, 51, 127–128, 145
see also DB2 UDB 51
DB2 user-defined functions 86
DB2 Web service 82, 148
DB2 Web services consumer 85
DB2 Web services Object Runtime Framework 83
DB2 XML Extender 162

DCOM (Distributed Common Object Model) 80
Document Access Definition Extension 83
DRDA wrapper 89
dynamic process control 22
E
E-business adapters 119
Eclipse 82, 119
Edge services 101
Empower Users 183
enterprise information integration 65
Enterprise Java Beans 68
Enterprise modeling 104
enterprise performance management 14
enterprise service bus 99
ESB (see Enterprise Service Bus)
ETL 18, 64
ETL technology 64
European Basel Capital Accord 17
Event services 99
event-driven management 22
exception management 34
executive dashboard 58
extract, transform and load (see ETL)
F
FDL (see Flow Definition Language)
federated server 88, 91
federated system 87
Flow Definition Language 72, 104, 116, 151
Flow Definition Markup Language 106
Functional approach 180

H
high availability 9
HP Multi-Computer/ServiceGuard 133
I
IBM DB2 UDB (see DB2 UDB)
IDS Scheer ARIS Tool 116
IIOP (see Internet Inter-ORB Protocol)
Information Management ix
Information services 99
Index 201
information silos 13
infrastructure services 100
Interaction options 114
Internet Inter-ORB Protocol 81
IT and BPM
infrastructures 53
models 53
objectives and performance 53
resources 52
service level agreement 52
J
J2EE 68, 105
J2EE Connector Architecture (JCA) 114
J2SE 68
Java 68
Java RMI (Remote Method Invocation) 80
JDBC 68
K
key performance indicators x, 7, 9, 12
KPI 31, 47, 58, 181

also see key performance indicators
characteristics 182
L
Lotus Workplace 51, 60
M
Mainframe adapters 119
Map Designer 113, 121
Materialized Query Tables 136
Aggregate performance tuning 137
refresh deferred 136
refresh immediate 136
system maintained 136
user-maintained 136
Mediation services 99
Message Broker Toolkit 117
Message Repository Manager 117
metric 181
Microsoft Cluster Server 133
Microsoft SQL Server 88
model-based approach 6
MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) 129
MQSeries Everyplace 117
MQT (see Materialized Query Tables)
Multidimenstional Clustering 135
N
near real-time 8
near real-time business intelligence 28
near real-time updating 64
nickname 86, 90
O

OASIS (See Organization for the Advancement of
Structured Information Standards)
Object Discovery Agent 119, 121
Development Kit 119
Object Request Broker 81
ODS 39
OLAP databases 24
operational business intelligence 29–30
optimizing business performance 2
Organization for the Advancement of Structured In-
formation Standards 73
P
parallelism 9
Partner services 100
performance metrics 12
Performance simulation 104
Phantom Read Phenomenon 138
Platform 51
portal 56
Process Designer 121
process domain 69
Process Management ix
Process modeling 104
process monitoring 16
Process services 99
products supporting the BPM framework 55
property broker 61
Protocol Handler Framework 114
Q
Query Parallelism 130

Inter-Query 130
Intra-Query 131
Query Processing
Inter-Partition 132
Intra-Partition 131
202 BPM Meets BI
R
Rapid Deployment Wizard 116
real-time 9
real-time business intelligence x
real-time environment 8
Redbooks Web site 198
Contact us xiii
register a wrapper 92
register nickname 92
register server definition 92
Relationship Designer 113, 122
Remote Procedure Call 81
role-based dashboard 77
role-based workplaces 61
RosettaNet 124
RPC (see Remote Procedure Call)
S
Sarbanes-Oxley 14, 17
scalability 9
scorecard 34, 54, 58
security and directory services 100
Server Access Interface 112, 114
service level agreement (SLA) 52
Service Oriented Architecture 101–102

services
application and data access 100
business performance management 99
event 99
infrastructure 101
mediation 99
Partner 100
security and directory 101
virtualization 101
services-oriented architecture 79
shared nothing architecture 128
shredding 164
Simple Object Access Protocol 80, 117
SMP (Symmetric MultiProcessing) 129
SOAP (see Simple Object Access Protocol)
SQLj 68
State and status persistence 106
strategic business intelligence 29–30
Sun Cluster 133
Sybase Open Client 88
T
tactical business intelligence 28, 30
Technology adapters 118
text mining 63
threshold conditions 19
Tivoli Business Systems Manager 35, 75
Transport services 99
U
UDDI 80, 120
Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration

(see UDDI)
unstructured content 68
User interaction services 99
V
value chain 22
VERITAS Cluster Server 133
virtualization services 100
W
W3C (see World Wide Web Consortium)
WBI (see WebSphere Business Integration)
WBI Adapters 112
WBI Message Broker 69, 112
WBI Modeler
(also see WebSphere Business Integration Mod-
eler)
WBI Monitor 69, 160
also see WebSphere Business Integration Mon-
itor 69
WBI Toolset 112
WBI Workbench 70
Web services 51, 61, 63, 79, 82, 93, 105, 160
architecture 80
DB2 82
WebSphere Information Integrator 86
wrapper 91
WSDL file 93
Web Services Description Language 80, 109, 117
Web services provider 91
WebSphere Application Server 56, 74, 82, 145
WebSphere Business Integration x, 8–9, 51, 55,

97, 103
WebSphere Business Integration Adapters
Overview 118
WebSphere Business Integration Connect 122
WebSphere Business Integration Message Broker
116, 118
Index 203
Overview 114
WebSphere Business Integration Modeler 104, 114
also see WBI Modeler 104
WebSphere Business Integration Monitor 105, 145
also see WBI Monitor 105
Business Dashboard 105
Workflow Dashboard 105
WebSphere Business Integration Server 74, 111,
118
Foundation 105
WebSphere Business Integration Toolset 119
for Administration 120
for Development 121
WebSphere Business Integration Workbench 104,
144
WebSphere II (see WebSphere Information Integra-
tor)
WebSphere II nicknames 87
WebSphere Information Integrator 51, 55–56, 63,
65, 67, 77, 127
federated server 88
wrappers 87
WebSphere InterChange Server 111–113,

118–121
WebSphere MQ 65, 117, 122, 145
WebSphere MQ Workflow 65, 104–105, 111, 115,
144
Overview 114
WebSphere MQ Workflow Buildtime 115
WebSphere Portal 51, 60, 145
WebSphere Portal Portlets 62
WebSphere Portal Server 170
WebSphere Process Choreographer 110
WebSphere Studio 82, 169
WebSphere Studio Application Developer 145
Integration Edition 109
WebSphere Studio Page Designer 116
Workflow dashboard 69
Workflow integration 104
Workflow Management Coalition 151
World Wide Web Consortium 79
wrapper 86, 89
WSDL (see Web Service Description Language)
X
XMI support 119
XML 92
XML Web services 79
204 BPM Meets BI
(0.2”spine)
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Business Performance Management . . . Meets Business Intelligence

®
SG24-6340-00 ISBN 0738493635
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Business Performance
Management . . . Meets
Business Intelligence
Proactive monitoring
and management to

maximize business
performance
Continuous data
workflows for
real-time business
intelligence
Information
integration for an
enterprise view
In this IBM Redbook, we discuss business performance
management (BPM) and its integration with business
intelligence. BPM is all about taking a holistic approach for
managing business performance and achieving the business
goals. Businesses align strategic and operational objectives,
and business activities, to fully manage performance through
more informed and proactive decision making. This holistic
approach enables the integration and use of business
intelligence, process management, business service
management, activity monitoring, and corporate performance
management to achieve a single view of their enterprise.
Businesses are evolving to an environment capable of
supporting continuous data flow, which enables the support
of business intelligence environments with more current data.
This is referred to as real-time business intelligence, and
represents a significant competitive advantage. In this
redbook, we demonstrate how BPM can be enabled, using
DB2 for data warehousing and WebSphere Business
Integration for monitoring and managing the business
processes. The result is proactive business performance
management and problem avoidance, in addition to the more

typical reactive problem impact minimization. We also
discuss techniques, architectures, and approaches for
implementing BPM as a proactive means of managing the
attainment of business measurements and business goals.
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