Bài giảng công nghệ môi trường_2.11 doc

1
SPECIALIZED ENGLISH-SEMESTER 5
VAN LANG UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT
Chapter 2.11Chapter 2.11
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGICAL
Dr. Tran Thi My Dieu
Sep. 2011
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WASTEWATER TREATMENTWASTEWATER TREATMENT
Anaerobic fermentation and oxidationAnaerobic fermentation and oxidation
CONTENTSCONTENTS
Process descriptionProcess description
MicrobiologyMicrobiology
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Stoichiometry of biological nitrificationStoichiometry of biological nitrification
Environmental factorsEnvironmental factors
PROCESS DESCRIPTIONPROCESS DESCRIPTION
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PROCESS DESCRIPTIONPROCESS DESCRIPTION
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PROCESS DESCRIPTIONPROCESS DESCRIPTION
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MICROBIOLOGYMICROBIOLOGY
Nonmethanogenic microorganisms responsible for
hydrolysis & fermentation consists of facultative
and obligate anaerobic bacteria
The microorganisms responsible for CH
4
production,

classified as archaea are strict obligate anaerobes
VAN LANG UNIVERSITY DENTEMA
Clarifier
classified

as

archaea
,
are

strict

obligate

anaerobes
Methanosarcina & Methanothrix (also termed
Methanosaeta) are the only organisms able to use
acetate to produce CH
4
& CO
2
Nuisance organisms (sulfate-reduction bacteria)
2
STOICHEOMETRYSTOICHEOMETRY
4H
2
+ CO
2
 CH

4
+ 2H
2
O
4HCOO
-
+ 4H
+
 CH
4
+ 3CO
2
+ 2H
2
O
4CO + 2H
2
O  CH
4
+ 3CO
2
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Clarifier
2
4
2
4CH
3
OH  3CH
4

+ CO
2
+ 2H
2
O
4(CH
3
)
3
N + H
2
O  9CH
4
+ 3CO
2
+ 6H
2
O + 4NH
3
CH
3
COOH  CH
4
+ CO
2
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
pH > 6.8
Alkalinity ~ 3,000-5,000 mgCaCO
3
/L

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NH
3,
H
2
, others are inhibited the process
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VAN LANG UNIVERSITY DENTEMA
Lan can bảo vệ
Ống thu nước sau xử lý
Sàn công tác
Máng thu nước
dạng răng cưa
Thiết bò tách pha
khí – lỏng - rắn
Vách hướng
dòng hình côn
Ca
à
thang
Ống dẫn khí
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Ca
u
thang
Vỏ thiết bò
Hỗn hợp
nước thải

Lớp bùn kỵ khí
Ống bơm nước
vào thiết bò
UASB
Bộ phận phân phối
đều lưu lượng nước
thải
Ống thoát
khí
Bình hấp
thụ khí
Bọt khí
Dung dòch
NaOH 5%
3
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InfluentInfluent
EffluentEffluent
GasGas
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InfluentInfluent
EffluentEffluent
The complete-mix suspended growth anaerobic digester
InfluentInfluent
EffluentEffluent
ClarifierClarifier
FlocculatorFlocculator
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Sludge recycleSludge recycle
Or degasifierOr degasifier

the anaerobic contact processthe anaerobic contact process
GasGas
GasGas
GasGas GasGas
EffuentEffuent
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The anaerobic sequencing batch reactor- ASBR
InfluentInfluent
FillFill
ReactReact SettlingSettling DecantingDecanting
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)
Gas
Recycle
Anaerobic Migrating Blanket Reactor
(AMBR)
Gas
Eff
Inf
4
Anaerobic Up-flow Packed-bed Reactor
D=2
-
8m
D

=

2
-
8

m
H = 3-13 m
Media = 100 m
2
/m
3
Loading = 1,0-6,0
kgCOD/m
3
.day, E = 90%
Up-flow Attached Growth Anaerobic
Expanded Reactor (AEBR)
v = 2 m/h
Media = Sand, d = 0,2-0,5
mm, 2,65 kg/L, 10.000 m
2
/m
3
Porosity of media = 50%
Downflow Attached Growth Processes
Loading = 5-10 kg/m
3.
day
COVERD ANAEROBIC LAGOON
HRT ~ 20-50 ngày
H ~ 5-10 m