%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
56
3+È775,ӆ1
0Ҥ1*/ѬӞ,
1ăPOjQăPEҧQ
OӅ FӫD YLӋF WKӵF KLӋQ
NӃ KRҥFK NLQK GRDQK
JLDLÿRҥQ±
FӫD %,'9 &{QJ WiF
SKiW WULӇQ PҥQJ OѭӟL
JyS SKҫQ NK{QJ QKӓ
WURQJ YLӋF KRjQ WKjQK
NӃKRҥFKNLQKGRDQK
3+È775,ӆ10Ӝ70Ҥ1*/ѬӞ,.,1+'2$1+
5Ӝ1* .+Ҳ3 9¬ 1*8Ӗ1 1+Æ1 /Ӵ& 1Ă1*
ĈӜ1*9¬+,ӊ848Ҧ
7KӵFKLӋQNӃKRҥFKSKiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLJLDLÿRҥQ±
%,'9ÿmFӫQJFӕPҥQJOѭӟLKRҥWÿӝQJWKӵFVӵKLӋX
TXҧYӟLFKLQKiQKYjVӣJLDRGӏFKSKzQJJLDRGӏFK
ÿLӇP JLDRGӏFKTXӻ WLӃW NLӋP ÿmJyS SKҫQ WҥR QrQYӏ
WKӃKuQKҧQKWKѭѫQJKLӋXFӫD%,'9UӝQJNKҳSWӍQKWKjQK
SKӕ+ӋWKӕQJÿҥWÿѭӧFWULӋXWKҿYӟLJҫQPi\$70
ÿһWWҥLFiFWUXQJWkPWKѭѫQJPҥLWjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJÿҧP
EҧRSKkQSKӕLÿҫ\ÿӫNӏSWKӡLYjKLӋXTXҧFiFVҧQSKҭP
GӏFKYөÿӃQNKiFKKjQJWUrQWRjQTXӕF0ҥQJOѭӟLÿLӇPFKҩS
QKұQWKҿ326SKiWWULӇQÿѭӧFÿLӇPWҥLWӍQKWKjQK
SKӕ%,'9ÿmWKDPJLDYjRKӋWKӕQJ%DQNQHWWKӵFKLӋQYLӋF
U~WWLӅQWӯ$70WK{QJTXDQJkQKjQJJӗP1+&{QJWKѭѫQJ
,&%1+1{QJQJKLӋSYjSKiWWULӇQQ{QJWK{Q$JULEDQN
1+&36jL*zQ6&%Yj1+&3$Q%uQK$%%DQN0өFWLrX
FӫD%,'9OjKRjQWKLӋQPҥQJOѭӟLKRҥWÿӝQJQăQJÿӝQJSK
KӧSYӟLP{KuQKWұSÿRjQWjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJ9LӋW1DPFQJ
YӟLWLӃQWUuQKFәSKҫQKyD%,'9QăP
5LrQJ&KL QKiQKPӟLWKjQKOұSQăP ÿmSKiWKX\
ÿѭӧF KLӋX TXҧYjOӧL WKӃ NLQK GRDQK&iFFKL QKiQK PӟL
ÿDQJGҫQKѭӟQJWӟLKRҥWÿӝQJWKHRP{KuQKEiQOҿWұSWUXQJ
PӣUӝQJFXQJFҩSFiFVҧQSKҭPGӏFKYөQJkQKjQJNKiFK
KjQJQJRjLTXӕFGRDQKGRDQKQJKLӋSYӯDYjQKӓKӝNLQK
GRDQKFiWKӇÿyQJJySÿiQJNӇYjRNӃWTXҧFKXQJFӫDWRjQ
QJjQK 1ăP KҫXKӃW FiF FKL QKiQK KRҥW ÿӝQJNLQK
GRDQKәQÿӏQKYjKRjQWKjQK[XҩWVҳFNӃKRҥFKNLQKGRDQK
0өFWLrXSKiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLWRjQKӋWKӕQJOjFXQJFҩSGӏFK
YөWjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJEiQEX{QYjEiQOҿWRjQGLӋQWUӑQJyL
WұSWUXQJPҥQJOѭӟLWҥLFiFWKjQKSKӕOӟQFiFWUXQJWkPNLQK
WӃFӫDÿҩWQѭӟFÿҧPEҧRWăQJWUѭӣQJTX\P{KRҥWÿӝQJJҳQ
YӟLQkQJFDRKLӋXTXҧJLҧPWKLӇXUӫLURWURQJKRҥWÿӝQJNLQK
GRDQK1ăPKӋWKӕQJWLӃSWӵFWұSWUXQJQJXӗQOӵFÿӇ
SKiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLFKLQKiQKWҥL+j1ӝLWKjQKSKӕ+ӗ&Kt
0LQKYjWӍQK%uQK'ѭѫQJ.ӃKRҥFKSKiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLÿӃQ
QăPWRjQKӋWKӕQJVӁFyFKLQKiQKSKzQJ
JLDRGӏFKWUrQPi\$70Yj326ÿiSӭQJÿҫ\
ÿӫQKXFҫXYӅVҧQSKҭPGӏFKYөWjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJWUrQPӟL
PLӅQÿҩWQѭӟF
%rQFҥQKYLӋFSKiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLQӝLÿӏD%,'9ÿDQJWKkP
QKұS WKӏWUѭӡQJ TXӕFWӃ 9ӟLTXDQ ÿLӇPNK{QJ QJӯQJWuP
NLӃPYjPӣUӝQJFiFWKӏWUѭӡQJPӟL%,'9ÿmWKLӃWOұSTXDQ
KӋKӧSWiFYӟLÿӕLWiFWҥL0ӻ&KkXÆX.D]DNVWDQ1KұW%ҧQ
7UXQJ 4XӕF Yj ÿһF ELӋW Oj+ӗQJ .{QJ 1JD Yj FiF QѭӟF
WUXQJÆX
7ҥL WKӏ WUѭӡQJ +ӗQJ.{QJ YӟL OӧL WKӃ P{L WUѭӡQJ ÿҫX Wѭ
KҩSGүQTX\WҳFWURQJQJjQKQJkQKjQJYjWjLFKtQKWK{QJ
WKRiQJTX\ӅQVӣKӳXWUtWXӋÿѭӧFEҧRYӋOjWUXQJWkPWjL
FKtQKFӫDWKӃJLӟL OjFӱD QJ}FӫD7UXQJ4XӕF ÿҥLOөF Oj
QѫLTX\WөFiFFKX\rQJLDWjLFKtQKKjQJÿҫXWKӃJLӟLFNJQJ
QKѭFiFWұSÿRjQTXӕFJLDOӟQ+ӗQJ.{QJWUӣWKjQKÿLӇP
ÿӃQKӭDKҽQFKRFiFQKjÿҫXWѭWjLFKtQKWUrQWRjQWKӃJLӟL
&{QJW\%,'9,QWHUQDWLRQDOWҥL+ӗQJ.{QJGӵNLӃQWKjQKOұS
PӟLWURQJQăPVӁÿyQJYDLWUzFҫXQӕLYӅÿҫXWѭJLӳD
WKӏWUѭӡQJ+ӗQJ.{QJYj9LӋW1DPYӟLPөFWLrXOjKX\ÿӝQJ
YӕQWUrQWKӏWUѭӡQJTXӕFWӃYӅÿҫXWѭWҥL9LӋW1DPWҥRUDPӝW
F{QJFөKӛWUӧTXiWUuQKKӝLQKұSYjSKiWWULӇQFӫDWKӏWUѭӡQJ
YӕQ9LӋW1DPYjWKӏWUѭӡQJYӕQTXӕFWӃ
7ҥLWKӏWUѭӡQJ1JD%,'9YjQJkQKjQJ1JRҥLWKѭѫQJ1JD
97%ÿmÿҥWÿѭӧFWKӕQJQKҩWYӅNӃKRҥFKWăQJYӕQÿLӅXOӋ
1JkQKjQJOLrQGRDQK9LӋW1JD95%OrQWULӋX86'YjR
WKiQJQKҵPÿiSӭQJ\rXFҫXYӅWăQJQăQJOӵFWjL
FKtQKFӫD1JkQKjQJYjWҥRFѫVӣFKRYLӋFWKjQKOұS1JkQ
KjQJFRQFӫD95%WҥL0DW[FѫYDWURQJWKӡLJLDQWӟL1KҵP
WKӵFKLӋQYDLWUzFҫXQӕLWK~Fÿҭ\WKѭѫQJPҥLYjÿҫXWѭJLӳD
KDLQѭӟFKӛWUӧFӝQJÿӗQJQJѭӡL9LӋWWҥL1JDKӛWUӧFiF
GRDQKQJKLӋS1JDWuPNLӃPFiFFѫKӝLÿҫXWѭWҥL9LӋW1DP
%,'9ÿiQKJLi1JDOjPӝWWKӏWUѭӡQJQKLӅXWULӇQYӑQJYjVӁ
WLӃSWөFÿҭ\PҥQKKRҥWÿӝQJÿҫXWѭYjKӛWUӧÿҫXWѭYjRWKӏ
WUѭӡQJQj\
%,'9 ÿDQJ WKӵFKLӋQ FiF EѭӟF NKҧRViW ÿӅ iQ WKjQK OұS
QJkQKjQJKRһFF{QJW\ÿҫXWѭWjLFKtQKWҥL6pFQѫLFӝQJ
ÿӗQJQJѭӡL9LӋWFyVӕOѭӧQJNKiOӟQYjWLӅPOӵFWjLFKtQK
YӳQJFKҳFQKҵPPөFÿtFKKӛWUӧKRҥWÿӝQJFӫDFiFGRDQK
QJKLӋS9LӋW1DPWҥL6pFYjĈ{QJÆXWăQJFѭӡQJYDLWUzFӫD
PuQKWURQJYLӋFWK~Fÿҭ\TXDQKӋWKѭѫQJPҥLJLӳD9LӋW1DP
YjNKXYӵFĈ{QJÆX
3KiW WULӇQ PҥQJOѭӟL SKL QJkQ KjQJWK{QJ TXD KRҥW ÿӝQJ
OLrQ GRDQKÿҫX WѭJySYӕQ OjPӝW WURQJ QKӳQJWUӑQJ WkP
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
3+È775,ӆ1
0Ҥ1*/ѬӞ,
FӫD%,'9 1ăP%,'9 ÿmKRjQWҩWFiF WKӫWөFWKjQK
OұS&{QJW\&әSKҫQĈҫXWѭ7jLFKtQK%,'9%),&{QJW\
&әSKҫQ FKRWKXrPi\ ED\9LӋW1DP 9$/&&{QJ W\&ә
SKҫQSKiWWULӇQÿѭӡQJFDRWӕF%,'9%('&WLӃSWөFFӫQJFӕ
KRҥWÿӝQJ&{QJW\OLrQGRDQK4XҧQOêÿҫXWѭ%,'99LHWQDP
3DUWQHUV%9,0&{QJW\7KXr PXDWjLFKtQK%/&,Yj,,
&{QJW\FKӭQJNKRiQ%6&[~FWLӃQGӵiQWKjQKOұS%ӋQK
YLӋQ0DVHSĈһFELӋWWURQJQăP%,'9ÿmWұQGөQJ
FѫVӣYұWFKҩW FӫDFiFFKLQKiQKÿmSKiWWULӇQ PҥQJOѭӟL
&{QJW\%ҧRKLӇP%,&ÿmÿѭDVӕFKLQKiQKFӫD%,&OrQ
FKLQKiQKFQJYӟLSKzQJNLQKGRDQKNKXYӵFYjJҫQ
ÿҥLOêEҧRKLӇP9LӋFWtFKFӵFSKiWWULӇQKRҥWÿӝQJFӫD%,'9
WUrQFiFOƭQKYӵFWjLFKtQKEҧRKLӇPFKӭQJNKRiQOjPLQK
FKӭQJU}QKҩWFKRQKӳQJQӛOӵFNK{QJQJӯQJFӫDEDQOmQK
ÿҥR FNJQJQKѭ WRjQWKӇ FiQEӝ QKkQYLrQ %,'9WURQJ YLӋF
QkQJFDRKLӋXTXҧKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKJySSKҫQPӣUӝQJ
KRҥWÿӝQJFӫD
WRjQKӋWKӕQJSKKӧSYӟLYLӋFFKX\ӇQÿәL
VDQJP{KuQK7ұSÿRjQ7jLFKtQK1JkQKjQJQKDQKFKyQJ
WKtFKQJKLYjQҳPEҳWQKӳQJWKӡLFѫPӟLYұQKӝLPӟLFӫD
WLӃQWUuQKKӝLQKұS
3KiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLYj[k\GӵQJQJXӗQQKkQOӵFOjKDL\ӃX
WӕNK{QJWiFKUӡLQKDXWURQJTXiWUuQKSKiWWULӇQFӫDEҩWNǤ
WәFKӭFNLQKWӃQjR1KұQWKӭFU}ÿLӅXÿy%,'9ÿmYjÿDQJ
FK~WUӑQJÿӃQF{QJWiFWX\ӇQGөQJSKiWWULӇQQJXӗQQKkQOӵF
PӝWFiFKEjLEҧQYjFKX\rQQJKLӋS&KtQKViFKSKiWWULӇQ
QJXӗQQKkQOӵFFӫD%,'9WURQJQăPTXDÿmUҩWOLQKKRҥWJL~S
SKiWKX\ÿѭӧFKLӋXVXҩWOjPYLӋFYjJk\GӵQJQrQEӝPһW
PӟLQăQJÿӝQJFKRWRjQEӝPҥQJOѭӟL%,'97K{QJTXDYLӋF
EӕWUtFiQEӝOjPYLӋFWҥL+ӝLVӣFKtQKYjFiFÿѫQYӏWKjQK
YLrQFNJQJQKѭYLӋFOXkQFKX\ӇQFiQEӝPӝWFiFKQăQJÿӝQJ
YjSKKӧSYӟLWuQKKuQKPӟL%,'9ÿmÿiSӭQJÿѭӧFQKX
FҫXF{QJYLӋFFKRWӯQJEӝSKұQÿӗQJWKӡLSKiWKX\ÿѭӧFWӕL
ÿDQăQJOӵFOjPYLӋFFӫDWӯQJFiQEӝQKkQYLrQ
&KtQKViFKÿmLQJӝFӫD%,'9NK{QJFKӍFӕJҳQJÿҧPEҧR
PӑLTX\ӅQOӧLFӫDQJѭӡLODRÿӝQJYӅOѭѫQJYjWKXQKұSWKHR
KLӋXTXҧNLQKGRDQKFӫDWӯQJÿѫQYӏPjFzQWKHRKѭӟQJ
WtFKFӵFÿәLPӟLSKRQJFiFKOjPYLӋFWăQJFѭӡQJWUDRÿәL
WK{QJWLQJLӳD+ӝLVӣFKtQKYjFiFÿѫQYӏWKjQKYLrQÿӇFKӫ
ÿӝQJWLӃSFұQÿӅ[XҩWNKHQWKѭӣQJNӏSWKӡLÿӝQJYLrQ[ӭQJ
ÿiQJFKRFiFWұSWKӇYjFiQKkQFyWKjQKWtFK[XҩWVҳFQKҵP
WăQJFѭӡQJNKҧQăQJODR ÿӝQJFӫDWұSWKӇYjFiQKkQFy
QKӳQJÿyQJJySQәLWUӝLWURQJKRҥWÿӝQJFӫDÿѫQYӏ7URQJ
QăP7әFKӭF&{QJÿRjQWRjQKӋWKӕQJÿmFyQKӳQJ
FKѭѫQJ WUuQK KRҥWÿӝQJ V{L QәL Fө WKӇWKLӃW WKӵF JҳQ YӟL
F{QJWiFFKX\rQP{QӣFiFÿѫQYӏFNJQJQKѭWURQJWRjQKӋ
WKӕQJWKXK~Wÿ{QJÿҧRFiQEӝWKDPJLDWUӣWKjQKGLӉQÿjQ
OjQKPҥQKFKRFiQEӝQKkQYLrQWURQJWRjQKӋWKӕQJ&iF
KRҥW ÿӝQJ YăQ KRiWKӇ WKDR FiF VLQK KRҥWÿRjQWKӇ FӫD
F{QJÿRjQÿRjQWKDQKQLrQKӝLSKөQӳÿѭӧFFKăPORWKRҧ
ÿiQJWUrQQJX\rQWҳFKLӋXTXҧWKLӃWWKӵFYjWLӃWNLӋPFKLSKt
.ӃWWK~FQăPNӃWTXҧFӫDSKRQJWUjRWKLÿXDQyLFKXQJ
ÿm ÿѭӧFWKӇ KLӋQWK{QJ TXDNӃW TXҧKRjQ WKjQK [XҩWVҳF
NӃKRҥFKNLQKGRDQKFӫDWӯQJÿѫQYӏYjFӫDWRjQKӋWKӕQJ
KjQJWUăPÿӅWjLQJKLrQFӭXNKRDKӑF[k\GӵQJYjEDQKjQK
FiFTX\WUuQKQJKLӋSYөWUrQFiFPһWKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQK
1ăPWUѭӟF\rXFҫXFӫQJFӕÿӝLQJNJFiQEӝQKkQYLrQ
ÿӇÿiSӭQJQKXFҫXSKiWWULӇQF{QJWiF7әFKӭFFiQEӝÿm
ÿѭӧFTXDQWkPÿ~QJPӭF+LӋQQD\%,'9ÿmFyPӝWÿӝLQJNJ
QKkQVӵOӟQPҥQKYӟLQJѭӡLWtQKÿӃQ
WURQJÿyÿӝWXәLEuQKTXkQWRjQKӋWKӕQJOjWXӕLWӹOӋFiQ
EӝӣÿӝWXәLGѭӟLOjÿmÿѭӧFÿjRWҥRFѫEҧQYӅ
WjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJWӹOӋFiQEӝFyWUuQKÿӝĈҥLKӑFYjWUrQ
ĈҥLKӑFÿҥWFiQEӝÿѭӧFÿjRWҥRFKtQKWUӏFDR
FҩSYjFӱQKkQ
%LӇX ÿӗ Fѫ FҩX ODR ÿӝQJ WKHR WUuQK ÿӝ WҥL WKӡL ÿLӇP
ĈӝLQJNJQKkQVӵFӫD%,'9WKѭӡQJ[X\rQÿѭӧFÿjRWҥRYj
ÿjRWҥROҥLÿjRWҥRFҧWURQJQѭӟFOүQQѭӟFQJRjLFұSQKұW
NLӃQ WKӭFYjWKӵFWLӉQNLQK GRDQKPӟL UqQOX\ӋQ NӻQăQJ
QJKLӋS YөQJRҥL QJӳ WLQKӑF ÿӇPӛL QKkQ YLrQÿӅX WUӣ
WKjQKPӝWOӧLWKӃFҥQKWUDQKFӫD%,'9WURQJWuQKKuQKPӟL
7URQJQăP%,'9ÿmWLӃQKjQKWәFKӭFWәQJFӝQJ
NKyDÿjRWҥRFKRWәQJVӕKӑFYLrQQJѭӡLWUrQFiFOƭQK
YӵFQKѭ4XҧQWUӏÿLӅXKjQK1JKLӋSYөQJkQKjQJ+ӛWUӧ
ÿjRWҥRWKHR\rXFҫXFKLQKiQK1JRҥLQJӳ&{QJQJKӋWK{QJ
WLQYj'ӏFKYө7KѭѫQJKLӋXYj4XDQKӋF{QJFK~QJ%,'9
FNJQJÿmSKӕLKӧSYӟL6ӣJLDRGӏFK,,,Yj77Ĉ7[k\GӵQJNӃ
KRҥFKWULӇQNKDLFiFNKRiÿjRWҥRWӯQJXӗQWjLFKtQKQ{QJ
WK{Q,,ÿӗQJWKӡL[k\GӵQJNӃKRҥFKÿjRWҥRQăPWӯ
QJXӗQ'ӵiQ7jLFKtQKQ{QJWK{QNKRҧQYD\WULӋX86'
ÿmÿѭӧF:%SKrGX\ӋWÿҫXWKiQJ1JRjLUD%,'9ÿm
FӱKѫQOѭӧWFiQEӝWKDPJLDFiFNKRiÿjRWҥRNKҧR
ViWKӝLQJKӏKӝLWKҧRWҥLFiFFѫVӣÿjRWҥRFiF1JkQKjQJ
WURQJYjQJRjLQѭӟFWKHRFiFFKѭѫQJWUuQKFҫQWKLӃWYjKӳX
tFKFKRKRҥWÿӝQJ1JkQKjQJWURQJÿyQJRjLQѭӟFFy
ÿRjQYӟLOѭӧWFiQEӝWURQJQѭӟFFyNKRiYӟL
OѭӧWFiQEӝ&{QJWiFÿjRWҥREjLEҧQÿѭӧFWLӃQKjQKSKӕL
KӧSYjTXҧQOêEӣL7UXQJWkPÿjRWҥRFӫD%,'9ÿmWҥRUDWLӅQ
ÿӅYӳQJFKҳFFKRYLӋF[k\GӵQJPӝWÿӝLQJNJQKkQYLrQWKӵF
VӵQăQJÿӝQJFKX\rQQJKLӋSQKҥ\EpQJL~SQkQJFDRQăQJ
OӵFFҥQKWUDQKYjFKXҭQEӏVҹQVjQJFKRF{QJFXӝFKӝLQKұS
VkXUӝQJKѫQWRjQGLӋQKѫQFӫD%,'9
&KLӃQOѭӧFTXҧQOêQKkQVӵFӫD%,'9KѭӟQJYjRTXҧQOêFy
WtQKNKRDKӑF[HP[pWFѫFKӃFKtQKViFKYj\rXFҫXTXҧQ
WUӏÿLӅXKjQKVDXNKLFKX\ӇQVDQJKRҥWÿӝQJFӫD1JkQKjQJ
FәSKҫQYjP{KuQKWәFKӭFFӫD7ұSÿRjQÿӇÿLӅXFKӍQKEә
VXQJ FKӃÿӝ FKtQKViFK VDRFKR TX\ӅQ OӧLFӫD QJѭӡLODR
ÿӝQJ ÿѭӧFÿҧPEҧR PӝW FiFKWӕL ÿD 0һWNKiF FKXҭQ Eӏ
FKRWLӃQWUuQKFәSKҫQKyD%,'9GӵNLӃQVӁWKӕQJQKҩWPӝW
NKXQJNӃKRҥFKYӅÿjRWҥRQJXӗQQKkQOӵFEӕWUtFiFFKX\rQ
JLDQѭӟFQJRjLWUӵFWLӃSWKDPJLDYjRFiFYӏWUtWURQJPҥQJ
OѭӟLNLQKGRDQKFӫD%,'9YjFӫDFҧ7ұSÿRjQÿӗQJWKӡLWұS
WUXQJKRjQWKLӋQFѫFKӃÿjRWҥRNKHQWKѭӣQJNKX\ӃQNKtFK
WKăQJFҩSÿӕLYӟLQJѭӡLODRÿӝQJÿӇWKXK~WQKkQWjLFRLKӑ
OjQJXӗQWjL QJX\rQTXêWURQJTXiWUuQKSKiW WULӇQWRjQKӋ
WKӕQJ9ӟLPөFWLrXSKҩQÿҩXWUӣWKjQKWұSÿRjQWjLFKtQK±
WtQGөQJPҥQKQJDQJWҫPFiFQJkQKjQJWLrQWLӃQWURQJNKX
YӵFWURQJJLDLÿRҥQ%DQOmQKÿҥR%,'9ÿmNKҷQJ
ÿӏQKU}YDLWUzFӫDF{QJWiFSKiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLYj[k\GӵQJ
QJXӗQQKkQOӵFOjQzQJFӕWQKҵP[k\GӵQJPӝWNrQKSKkQ
SKӕLKLӋXTXҧFiFVҧQSKҭPGӏFKYөFӫD%,'9WӟLPӑLÿӕL
WѭӧQJNKiFKKjQJ
7LӃQVӻ
7KҥFVӻ
ĈҥLKӑF
7UXQJKӑFFKX\rQQJKLӋS
7UuQKÿӝNKiF
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
6Ҹ16¬1*&Ә3+Ҫ1+2È
7KӵFKLӋQ FKӍÿҥRFӫD7KӫWѭӟQJ&KtQK SKӫWҥLWK{QJ
EiR Vӕ 7%93&3 QJj\ YӅ NӃW OXұQ FӫD
7Kӫ WѭӟQJ&KtQK SKӫ WҥLFXӝF KӑS WKѭӡQJWUӵF &KtQK
SKӫ ÿӕLYӟL FKѭѫQJWUuQK FәSKҫQ KRiFiF 1JkQKjQJ
WKѭѫQJPҥLQKjQѭӟF1JkQKjQJĈ73791ÿmQKDQK
FKyQJWKjQKOұS%DQFKӍÿҥRFәSKҫQKyD%,'9JӗPFiF
WKjQKYLrQFKӫFKӕWFӫD%,'9YjPӡLÿҥLGLӋQFӫD1JkQ
KjQJ1KjQѭӟF%ӝ7jLFKtQK7әQJ&{QJW\ÿҫXWѭYj
TXҧQOêYӕQQKjQѭӟF%ӝ7ѭSKiS%ӝ.ӃKRҥFKYjĈҫX
Wѭ%DQ&KӍÿҥRÿәLPӟLYj3KiWWULӇQGRDQKQJKLӋSWKDP
GӵĈӗQJWKӡL%,'9ÿmEӕWUtQKkQVӵFyQăQJOӵFWKDP
JLD'ӵiQ&әSKҫQKyDYӟLQKLӋPYөFKtQKOjWULӇQNKDL
WKӵFKLӋQYjJL~SYLӋFFKR%DQFKӍÿҥR
&QJYӟLYLӋFKRjQWKLӋQEӝPi\WәFKӭF%,'9ÿm[HP
[pWSKrGX\ӋW.ӃKRҥFKFKLWLӃWFәSKҫQKRi%,'99ӟL
QKLӋPYөWUӑQJWkPOjWKӵFKLӋQFiFF{QJWiFFKXҭQEӏ
VҹQVjQJFKRFәSKҫQKyDYjKRjQWKLӋQFѫEҧQÿӅiQ
KuQKWKjQKWұSÿRjQ7jLFKtQK1JkQKjQJ9LӋWQDPVDX
KѫQPӝWQăPWULӇQNKDLPӝWFiFKFKӫÿӝQJYjWtFKFӵF
YӟLVӵWUӧJL~SFӫDFiFFѫTXDQ%ӝYj&KtQKSKӫÿӃQ
QD\1JkQKjQJĈ73791ÿmÿҥWÿѭӧFQKӳQJEѭӟFWLӃQ
TXDQWUӑQJWURQJTXiWUuQKFKXҭQEӏFKRFәSKҫQKyDYj
SKiWKjQKFәSKLӃXOҫQÿҫXUDF{QJFK~QJ
%,'9[iFÿӏQKU}YLӋFWKXr7ѭYҩQ7jLFKtQKKӛWUӧFә
SKҫQKRi %,'9FKtQKOjPӝW EѭӟFFKXҭQEӏPDQJ WtQK
WKHQ FKӕW TX\ӃW ÿӏQK Vӵ WKjQK F{QJ FӫD TXi WUuQK Fә
SKҫQKRiGRYұ\%,'9ÿmWKӵFKLӋQTXiWUuQKÿҩXWKҫX
OӵD FKӑQ Wѭ YҩQ PӝW FiFK F{QJ NKDL PLQK EҥFK WKHR
ÿ~QJTX\ÿӏQKFӫD/XұWĈҩXWKҫXYjFiFWK{QJOӋTXӕF
WӃ.ӃWTXҧ0RUJDQ6WDQOH\±PӝWWURQJQKӳQJÿӏQKFKӃ
WjLFKtQKKjQJÿҫXWKӃJLӟL±ÿmÿѭӧFOӵDFKӑQOjPÿѫQ
YӏWѭYҩQWjLFKtQKWKӵFKLӋQFәSKҫQKyD%,'9FNJQJÿm
WKӵFKLӋQNêKӧSÿӗQJWKXrF{QJW\OXұWÿҷQJFҩSTXӕF
WӃ:KLWH&DVHYjF{QJ W\<.91 9LӋW1DP WѭYҩQ FiF
YҩQÿӅSKiSOêÿӗQJWKӡLWLӃSWөFNêKӧSÿӗQJYӟLF{QJW\
NLӇPWRiQ(UQVW<RXQJWKӵFKLӋQNLӇPWRiQFiFEiRFiR
WjLFKtQKQăP
1JD\VDXOӉNêNӃW+ӧSÿӗQJ7ѭYҩQWjLFKtQKQJj\
%,'9Yj0RUJDQ6WDQOH\ÿmKӑSNKӣLÿӝQJ'ӵiQYjWKӕQJ
QKҩWYӟL7ѭYҩQYӅFKѭѫQJWUuQKNӃKRҥFKFiFKWKӭFSKӕL
KӧSWKӵFKLӋQWULӇQNKDLWӯQJFҩXSKҫQF{QJYLӋFWUrQFѫVӣ
EiPViWFiFÿLӅXNKRҧQÿLӅXNLӋQWURQJ+ӧSÿӗQJWѭYҩQWjL
FKtQK6DXWKiQJSKӕLKӧSWKӵFKLӋQÿӃQQD\FiFFҩX
SKҫQFӫD'ӵiQFәSKҫQKyD%,'9ÿmÿѭӧFWULӇQNKDL
WѭѫQJÿӕLWKXұQOӧLYjWKHRÿ~QJWLӃQÿӝFDPNӃW.ӃWTXҧ
WyPWҳWQKѭVDX
+RjQWKjQKYLӋFÿiQKJLiNKҧRViWWKӵFWUҥQJ%,'9
EDR JӗP ÿiQK JLi NKҧR ViW YӅ KRҥW ÿӝQJ NLQK
GRDQKWuQKKuQKWjLFKtQKWәFKӭFYjSKiSOê
+RjQWKjQKFѫEҧQYLӋF[iFÿӏQKJLiWUӏGRDQKQJKLӋS
%,'9WKHRFiFSKѭѫQJSKiSÿӏQKJLiWKHRWK{QJOӋ
TXӕFWӃKLӋQÿDQJWULӇQNKDLÿӏQKJLiWKHRSKѭѫQJ
SKiSWjLVҧQEҧRÿҧP\rXFҫXWKHRTX\ÿӏQKWҥL1JKӏ
ÿӏQK1Ĉ&3YӅFKX\ӇQÿәLGRDQKQJKLӋS
YӕQQKjQѭӟFVDQJF{QJW\FәSKҫQ
ĈDQJWtFKFӵFUjVRiWÿӇWKӕQJQKҩWQӝLGXQJ%ҧQ
F{QJEӕWK{QJWLQ,0YjGDQKViFKFiFQKjÿҫXWѭ
FKLӃQOѭӧFWLӅPQăQJ
ĈmWLӃSQKұQEiRFiRFӫD7ѭYҩQYӅ3KѭѫQJiQFә
SKҫQKyDYjÿDQJWULӇQNKDLUjVRiWKRjQWKLӋQ
;k\GӵQJNӃKRҥFKFKѭѫQJWUuQKSKiW KjQKFә
SKҫQOҫQÿҫXUDF{QJFK~QJWURQJQѭӟF,32WURQJ
QѭӟFYjÿDQJWULӇQNKDLFiFF{QJYLӋFFKXҭQEӏ
FҫQWKLӃWEҧRÿҧP,32YjRWKӡLÿLӇPWKtFKKӧS
WKHRÿ~QJFKӍÿҥRFӫD7KӫWѭӟQJ&KtQKSKӫ
1JD\VDXOӉNêNӃW+ӧSÿӗQJ7ѭYҩQWjLFKtQKQJj\%,'9Yj0RUJDQ
6WDQOH\ÿmKӑSNKӣLÿӝQJ'ӵiQYjWKӕQJQKҩWYӟL7ѭYҩQYӅFKѭѫQJWUuQKNӃ
KRҥFKFiFKWKӭFSKӕLKӧSWKӵFKLӋQWULӇQNKDLWӯQJFҩXSKҫQF{QJYLӋFWUrQFѫ
VӣEiPViWFiFÿLӅXNKRҧQÿLӅXNLӋQWURQJ+ӧSÿӗQJWѭYҩQWjLFKtQK
61
ĈӗQJWKӡLYӟLTXiWUuQKFKXҭQEӏFәSKҫQKyD%,'9ÿm
FKӫÿӝQJWKӵFKLӋQFiFKRҥWÿӝQJQKҵPKӛWUӧFKRTXi
WUuQKFәSKҫQKyDEDRJӗP
/jQKPҥQKKyDWuQKKuQKWjLFKtQKQkQJFDR
FKҩWOѭӧQJKRҥWÿӝQJKѭӟQJWӟLFKXҭQPӵF
TXӕFWӃ1ӛOӵFJLҧLTX\ӃWSKҫQOӟQQӧ[ҩXFzQ
WӗQÿӑQJWӯFiFQăPWUѭӟFEҵQJFiFELӋQSKiSNӃW
KӧSYjOjPVҥFKEҧQJFkQÿӕLÿӗQJWKӡLWKӵFKLӋQ
WUtFKOұS WӕLÿD GӵSKzQJUӫL URTXD ÿyÿmJLҧP
WӹOӋ Qӧ[ҩX[XӕQJ GѭӟLWKHRFҧ WLrXFKXҭQ
NӃWRiQ9LӋWQDP,$6YjWLrXFKXҭQEiRFiRWjL
FKtQKTXӕFWӃ,)561JRjLUDYӟLYLӋFÿѭӧFFҩS
EәVXQJWӹ91'YӕQÿLӅXOӋWURQJQăP
FKӍVӕ$QWRjQYӕQFӫD%,'9ÿmÿҥWPӭF!
WKHRWLrXFKXҭQTXӕFWӃ
7KӵFKLӋQPLQKEҥFK KyDWK{QJWLQWjLFKtQK
TXҧQWUӏKѭӟQJWӟLWK{QJOӋTXӕFWӃ %,'9ÿm
WKXr0RRG\¶VWLӃSWөFWKӵFKLӋQÿӏQKKҥQJWtQGөQJ
YjWLӃSWөFÿҥWPӭFÿӏQKKҥQJWUҫQTXӕFJLD1ăP
FNJQJOjQăPWKӭOLrQWLӃS%,'9WKӵFKLӋQ
NLӇPWRiQWKHRFҧ ,$6Yj ,)56YjF{QJEӕFiF
NӃW TXҧNLӇP WRiQ Qj\ÿӗQJ WKӡL WURQJEiR FiR
WKѭӡQJQLrQ%,'9FNJQJÿmWKXrWѭYҩQTXӕFWӃKӛ
WUӧYjOjQJkQKjQJ9LӋWQDPÿҫXWLrQKRjQWKLӋQ
YLӋF[k\GӵQJYjiSGөQJKӋWKӕQJÿӏQKKҥQJWtQ
GөQJQӝLEӕWKHRWK{QJOӋTXӕFWӃ
ĈәLPӟLF{QJWiFTXҧQWUӏÿLӅXKjQKTXҧQOê
NLQKGRDQKYjP{KuQKKRҥWÿӝQJ +RjQWKLӋQ
ĈӅiQFKX\ӇQÿәLP{KuQKWәFKӭFWKHRNKX\ӃQ
QJKӏFӫD'ӵiQ7$GR1JkQKjQJ7KӃJLӟL:%
WjLWUӧÿmWҥR FѫVӣ FKRYLӋF ÿәLPӟL WURQJYұQ
KjQKYjTXҧQOêĈk\FNJQJOjFѫVӣTXDQWUӑQJ
WURQJFKX\ӇQÿәLFăQEҧQKRҥWÿӝQJFӫD%,'9Wӯ
SKkQWiQWKHRFKLӅXQJDQJVDQJWұSWUXQJWKHR
FKLӅXGӑFWKHRVҧQSKҭPYjNKiFKKjQJ%,'9
ÿmWKӵFKLӋQ[k\GӵQJFKLQKiQKEiQEX{QYjFKL
QKiQKEiQOҿÿӗQJWKӡLFyVӵSKkQWiFKKRҥWÿӝQJ
JLӳDFiFFKL QKiQKEiQEX{QYjEiQ OҿWUrQÿӏD
EjQFiFWKjQKSKӕOӟQ7ULӇQNKDLWKjQKF{QJFѫ
FKӃTXҧQOêYӕQWұSWUXQJFKX\ӇQÿәLWKjQKF{QJ
P{KuQKWәFKӭFTXҧQOêKRҥWÿӝQJWKHRKӋWKӕQJ
%rQFҥQKÿyÿѭӧFVӵFKҩSWKXұQFӫD7KӫWѭӟQJ&KtQK
SKӫ WҥL YăQEҧQ Vӕ 77JĈ0'1 YӅ YLӋFFKR SKpS
%,'9[k\GӵQJĈӅiQWKtÿLӇPP{KuQKWұSÿRjQWjLFKtQK
WUuQK &KtQK SKӫWURQJ WKiQJ ÿӇ [HP[pW TX\ӃW
ÿӏQK%,'9ÿmWKjQKOұSWәF{QJWiF[k\GӵQJĈӅiQKuQK
WKjQK7ұSÿRjQWjLFKtQK±QJkQKjQJ9LӋW1DPWULӇQNKDL
WKӵF KLӋQ QJD\WӯÿҫX FiF QӝL GXQJ F{QJYLӋF Fy OLrQ
TXDQ&QJYӟLÿҥLGLӋQFiF%ӝ%DQ1JjQKOLrQTXDQ
WәF{QJWiF[k\GӵQJĈӅiQWұSÿRjQÿmWKӵFKLӋQFiF
FKX\ӃQF{QJWiFNKҧRViWNLQKQJKLӋPFNJQJQKѭP{KuQK
KRҥWÿӝQJWKӵFWӃFӫDFiFWұSÿRjQWjLFKtQK±QJkQKjQJ
WҥL +jQ4XӕFĈjL /RDQ ÿӇ[k\GӵQJ ÿӅ iQ[k\ GӵQJ
%,'9WKjQKWұSÿRjQWjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJFQJYӟLÿӅ
iQFәSKҫQKRi
7UrQFѫVӣĈӅiQWKtÿLӇPKuQKWKjQK7ұSÿRjQWjLFKtQK
QJkQKjQJ9LӋW1DPWUuQK&KtQKSKӫ9ăQSKzQJ&KtQK
SKӫÿmFy7K{QJEiRVӕ7%93&3QJj\
WUX\ӅQÿҥWêNLӃQFKӍÿҥRFӫD7KӫWѭӟQJJLDR1JkQKjQJ
Ĉ73791NḰQWÚ˿QJFKX́QEͣFiFÿL͙XNL͟QKR̹WÿͱQJ
FͿD7ͅSÿRjQQḰÿL͙XO͟TX\FK͗WjLFKtQKWͭFKFEͱ
Pi\QKkQVΉ«ÿ͛KuQKWKjQK7ͅSÿRjQ7jLFKtQK1JkQ
KjQJ9L͟W1DPFQJYͳLFͭSK̿QKyD1JkQKjQJĈ737
9L͟W1DP+LӋQQD\%,'9ÿDQJKRjQWKLӋQFiFQӝLGXQJ
OLrQTXDQÿӇWUuQK&KtQKSKӫ[HP[pWTX\ӃWÿӏQKWURQJ
WKiQJÿҫXQăP
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
+ѬӞ1*7Ӟ,0Ð+Î1+7¬,&+Ë1+
1*Æ1+¬1*+,ӊ1ĈҤ,
7URQJQăPWUӣOҥLÿk\JLDLÿRҥQ
%,'9ÿmWKӵFKLӋQQKӳQJEѭӟFFKX\ӇQÿәLFҩX
WU~FFѫEҧQWKHRKѭӟQJPӝW1+70ÿDQăQJKRҥW
ÿӝQJÿDQJjQKNLQKGRDQKÿDOƭQKYӵFYӟLFiF
WUөFӝWFKtQKOjKRҥWÿӝQJ1+70EҧRKLӇPYjÿҫX
WѭWjLFKtQK7X\QKLrQWUѭӟFÿzLKӓLÿәLPӟLVkX
UӝQJYӅWKӇFKӃQKҵPFKӫÿӝQJKӝLQKұSNLQKWӃ
TXӕFWӃWURQJ OƭQKYӵFGӏFKYөWjL FKtQKTXD
QăPKRҥWÿӝQJWKHR P{KuQK7әQJ F{QJW\ QKj
QѭӟFGRDQKQJKLӋSKҥQJ ÿһFELӋW %,'9ÿm Yj
ÿDQJEӝFOӝQKӳQJEҩWFұSYӅWәFKӭFQrQÿmKҥQ
FKӃNK{QJQKӓÿӃQKLӋXTXҧNLQKGRDQKNKҧQăQJ
FҥQKWUDQKYjQăQJOӵFFXQJӭQJFiFGӏFKYөWjL
FKtQKKӛWUӧFKRQӅQNLQKWӃ7URQJWuQKKuQKÿy
ÿzLKӓL%,'9FҫQFҧLFiFKWKD\ÿәLFѫEҧQP{KuQK
WәFKӭFYjP{KuQKTXҧQOêFҧLFiFKWKӇFKӃÿӇ
WăQJQăQJOӵFFҥQKWUDQKFKӫÿӝQJKӝLQKұSNLQK
WӃTXӕFWӃ
%,'9 Oj QJkQ KjQJ WKѭѫQJ PҥL 1Kj QѭӟF Fy EӅ Gj\ OkX
ÿӡLQKҩWWURQJKӋWKӕQJ1JkQKjQJWKѭѫQJPҥL9LӋW1DP
4XDFKһQJÿѭӡQJQăP[k\GӵQJYjWUѭӣQJWKjQKWӯPӝW
QJkQKjQJFKX\rQQJjQKÿӃQQD\%,'9ÿmWUӣWKjQK1JkQ
KjQJWKѭѫQJPҥL1KjQѭӟFKjQJÿҫX9LӋW1DPKRҥWÿӝQJ
WKHRP{KuQKWәQJF{QJW\QKjQѭӟFKҥQJÿһFELӋWYӟLWtQK
KӋWKӕQJWKӕQJQKҩWFDR
ĈѭӧFVӵFKҩSWKXұQFӫD7KӫWѭӟQJ&KtQKSKӫWUrQFѫVӣQKұQÿӏQK[XWKӃSKiWWULӇQ
WҩW\ӃXFӫDFiF1+70TXӕFGRDQKWURQJTXiWUuQKKӝLQKұSNLQKWӃTXӕFWӃFkQQKҳF
YӏWUtYDLWUzPNJLQKӑQFӫD%,'9WURQJF{QJFXӝF[k\GӵQJÿәLPӟLYjSKiWWULӇQNLQK
WӃÿҩWQѭӟFWKDPNKҧRNLQKQJKLӋPTXӕFWӃOҩ\êNLӃQÿyQJJySFӫDFiFQKjTXҧQ
OêFiFFKX\rQJLDWURQJYjQJRjLQѭӟF%,'9[k\GӵQJĈӅiQWKtÿLӇPWKjQKOұS7ұS
ÿRjQ7jLFKtQK1JkQKjQJ9LӋW1DPWUrQFѫVӣWәFKӭFOҥL%,'9YjFiFÿѫQYӏWKjQK
YLrQ9ӟLEҧQÿӅiQTXDQWUӑQJQj\%,'9VӁNK{QJQJӯQJQӛOӵFWKӵFKLӋQFҧLFiFK
QKҵPKLӋQWKӵFKRiPөFWLrXWUӣWKjQKPӝWWұSÿRjQWjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJYӳQJPҥQK
ÿiSӭQJJLDLÿRҥQSKiWWULӇQPӟLFӫDQӅQNLQKWӃYjKѭӟQJWKHRFiFWK{QJOӋFKXҭQ
PӵFTXӕFWӃ
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
64
.ӂ+2Ҥ&+
%,'9ÿDQJKѭӟQJWӟL[k\GӵQJP{KuQKWұSÿRjQ
WjLFKtQK±QJkQKjQJYӟLWUөFӝWFKtQK1JkQ
KjQJ±%ҧRKLӇPVDXNKLFәSKҫQKRiYjWKHRÿy
VӁWұSWUXQJWăQJFѭӡQJTX\P{KRҥWÿӝQJQăQJ
OӵFFiFÿѫQYӏWKjQKYLrQWăQJYӕQÿLӅXOӋFKR
FiF F{QJ W\FKӭQJ NKRiQEҧRKLӇP PӣUӝQJ
PҥQJOѭӟLKRҥWÿӝQJEҧRKLӇP«
65
Ĉӎ1++ѬӞ1*3+È775,ӆ1.,1+'2$1+
.LQKGRDQK1JkQKjQJ
3KiWWULӇQPӝWKӋWKӕQJQJkQKjQJGӏFKYөÿDGҥQJYjWRjQ
GLӋQÿiSӭQJ\rXFҫXSKiWWULӇQNLQKWӃFӫD9LӋW1DPEҵQJ
YLӋFWLӃSWөFFҧLWLӃQFKҩWOѭӧQJYjKLӋXTXҧFӫDGӏFKYөQJkQ
KjQJWUX\ӅQWKӕQJEҳWNӏSKӋWKӕQJQJkQKjQJKLӋQÿҥLYj
FXQJFҩSFiFGӏFKYөWjLFKtQKFyVӱGөQJF{QJQJKӋFDRFy
WKӇFXQJFҩSFiFGӏFKYөJLDWăQJFKRNKiFKKjQJ
3KiWWULӇQKӋWKӕQJQJkQKjQJGӏFKYөÿDGҥQJFyVӵOLrQ
NӃWFKһWFKӁJLӳDGӏFKYөWtQGөQJYjGӏFKYөSKLWtQGөQJYj
JLӳDGӏFKYөQJkQKjQJYjGӏFKYөWjLFKtQKSKLQJkQKjQJ
ÿӇFXQJFҩSFiFGӏFKYөWKHRWLrXFKXҭQTXӕFWӃYӟLJLiFҧ
FҥQKWUDQK
0ӣUӝQJOƭQKYӵFGӏFKYөWjLFKtQKWURQJÿyѭXWLrQSKiWWULӇQ
GӏFKYөFKRFiFQKyPÿӕLWѭӧQJWUXQJOѭXYjÿӕLWѭӧQJFy
WKXQKұSFDRKRһFÿӕLWѭӧQJNKiFKKjQJWUҿWXәL
.LQKGRDQK%ҧRKLӇP
3KiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLNrQKSKkQSKӕLVҧQSKҭPPҥQJOѭӟL
EҧRKLӇPOLrQ NӃWFKһWFKӁYӟLPҥQJOѭӟL&KLQKiQKQJkQ
KjQJWKѭѫQJPҥLPҥQJOѭӟLFiFF{QJW\FRQFӫDWұSÿRjQ
ĈӗQJ WKӡL FK~WUӑQJ QkQJ FDR FKҩW OѭӧQJKRҥW ÿӝQJ NLQK
GRDQKFK~WUӑQJYLӋFVӱGөQJFiFFKӍWLrXSKLNLQKGRDQKÿӇ
ÿiQKJLiKRҥWÿӝQJFӫDF{QJW\%,&QKѭWLӃQÿӝKRjQWKLӋQ
TX\WUuQKQJKLӋSYөVӕOѭӧQJVҧQSKҭPPӟLWKӡLJLDQ[ӱOê
QJKLӋSYө
0ӣUӝQJQӅQNKiFKKjQJWURQJÿyWұSWUXQJNKDLWKiFWӕLÿD
QӅQNKiFKKjQJ FӫD%,'9YjPӣUӝQJ UDFiFNKiFKKjQJ
WURQJQӅQNLQKWӃQKҵPPөFWLrXWLrXWăQJWUѭӣQJWKӏSKҫQ
PӣUӝQJWKӏWUѭӡQJ
7ULӇQNKDLiSGөQJFiFVҧQSKҭPPӟLYjNKDLWKiFWӕLÿDFiF
OӧLWKӃFҥQKWUDQKFӫDF{QJW\EҧRKLӇPSKLQKkQWKӑWUrQFѫ
VӣKRjQWKLӋQF{QJQJKӋ7KӏSKҫQEҧRKLӇPSKLQKkQWKӑÿҥW
YjRQăP
.LQKGRDQKFKӭQJNKRiQ
Ĉҭ\PҥQKKRҥWÿӝQJEҧROmQKSKiWKjQKQkQJFDRQăQJOӵF
FӫDF{QJW\WURQJKRҥWÿӝQJEҧROmQKSKiWKjQKWұSWUXQJWuP
NLӃPFiFWKѭѫQJYөFyJLiWUӏOӟQ&XQJFҩSFiFGӏFKYөWѭ
YҩQWjLFKtQKYjÿҫXWѭKjQJÿҫX9LӋW1DPYӟLWKӏSKҫQFKXQJ
FKLӃPYjRQăP
ĈҧPEҧRDQWRjQYjNK{QJQJӯQJSKiWWULӇQQJXӗQYӕQGRDQK
WKXWKXQKұSYjOӧLQKXұQFDRWăQJWUѭӣQJYӳQJPҥQKFiF
KRҥWÿӝQJP{LJLӟLWӵGRDQKTXҧQOêGDQKPөFÿҫXWѭEҧR
OmQKSKiWKjQKWѭYҩQÿҫXWѭWjLFKtQKYjFKӭQJNKRiQ
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
66
7ҥREѭӟFÿӝWSKiWURQJYLӋFӭQJGөQJF{QJQJKӋKLӋQ
ÿҥLWURQJJLDRGӏFKYӟLPөFWLrXF{QJQJKӋSKҧLWҥREѭӟF
ÿӝWSKiPҥQKÿӇFKLӃPOLQKOӧLWKӃNLQKGRDQKYjWҥRVӭF
FҥQKWUDQKWҥROұSWKӏSKҫQѭXWKӃ
+uQKWKjQKYjSKiWWULӇQFiFORҥLKuQKTXӻÿҫXWѭFKӭQJ
NKRiQF{QJW\ÿҫXWѭFKӭQJNKRiQ
3KiW WULӇQPҥQJ OѭӟL NLQK GRDQKSK KӧS YӟLFiF NKX
YӵF WӍQK WKjQKSKӕFy QKLӅX WLӅP QăQJYjWULӇQ YӑQJ
WURQJNLQKGRDQK[k\GӵQJKӋWKӕQJFiFVjQJLDRGӏFK
ÿLӇPJLDRGӏFKFyYӏWUtWKXұQWLӋQÿӫÿҧPEҧR\rXFҫX
SKөFYөÿDGҥQJQKLӅXORҥLNKiFKKjQJ
.LQKGRDQKÿҫXWѭWjLFKtQK
&iFTXΏÿ̿XẂ
Ĉɨ ҭ\PҥQKOLrQNӃWYӟLFiFWұSÿRjQOӟQWURQJQѭӟF
FNJQJ QKѭ FiFWә FKӭF ÿҫXWѭTXӕF WӃ KuQKWKjQK
FiFTXӻÿҫXWѭWURQJFiFQJjQK QăQJOѭӧQJYLӉQ
WK{QJNLQKGRDQKEҩWÿӝQJVҧQQăQJOѭӧQJFѫVӣ
KҥWҫQJ
;~FWLӃQOLrQNӃWYӟLFiFÿӕLWiFQѭӟFQJRjLFyGDQKɨ
WLӃQJWURQJKRҥWÿӝQJTXҧQOêTXӻÿҫXWѭWKjQKOұS
FiFF{QJW\TXҧQOêTXӻKjQJÿҫXWURQJQѭӟFWUrQFѫ
VӣFXQJFҩSGӏFKYөWӕWQKҩWTXҧQOêTXӻPLQKEҥFK
WKHRFKXҭQPӵFYjWLrXFKXҭQTXӕFWӃ
ĈDGҥQJGDQKPөɨ FÿҫXWѭWuPNLӃPGӵiQÿҫXWѭFy
KLӋXTXҧÿӇÿҫXWѭWuPNLӃPFiFÿӕLWiFJySYӕQÿӇ
ÿҫXWѭYjNKDLWKiFWUrQWӯQJOƭQKYӵF0ӣUӝQJFiF
GӵiQÿҫXWѭYjPӣUӝQJFiFÿӕLWѭӧQJNKiFKKjQJ
ÿӇÿҭ\PҥQKTX\P{±WӕFÿӝSKiWWULӇQ
&iFF{QJW\ÿ̿XẂWjLFKtQK
.KDLWKiFWӕWFiFVҧQSKҭPGӏFKYөWjLFKtQKFXQJɨ
FҩSÿDGҥQJFiFVҧQSKҭPGӏFKYөFKRFiFGӵiQYj
NKiFKKjQJPөFWLrXӫ\WKiFTXҧQOêGDQKPөFWѭ
YҩQWjLFKtQKGRDQKQJKLӋSÿҫXWѭWjLFKtQKYjFiF
GӏFKYөNKiFWKXӝFWjLFKtQKF{QJW\«
.ӂ+2Ҥ&+
7uPKLӇXFiFÿӕLWiFJySYӕQÿӇFQJÿҫɨ XWѭNKDL
WKiFWUrQWӯQJOƭQKYӵF7uPNLӃPFiFGӵiQÿҫXWѭ
KLӋXTXҧÿӇPӣUӝQJYjSKiWWULӇQÿҫXWѭÿҭ\PҥQK
TX\P{WӕFÿӝSKiWWULӇQ
&KRWKXrWjLFKtQK
7UӣWKjQK&{QJW\FKRWKXrWjLFKtQKKjQJÿҫX9LӋW1DP
0ӣUӝQJPҥQJOѭӟLKRҥWÿӝQJSKKӧSYӟLQKXFҫXSKiW
WULӇQ 0ӣ UӝQJ NKiFK KjQJ WURQJ Yj QJRjL QJjQK ÿҭ\
PҥQKTX\P{WӕFÿӝWKӏWUѭӡQJYjWKӏSKҫQ
ĈDGҥQJKyDVҧQSKҭPPӣUӝQJFXQJFҩSGӏFKYөÿӃQ
NKiFK KjQJ Oj Fi QKkQ FXQJ FҩS QJXӗQ GӏFK Yө FKҩW
OѭӧQJ FKRWKӏ WUѭӡQJPөF WLrX ĈҧPEҧR DQWRjQ KRҥW
ÿӝQJSKiWWULӇQQJXӗQYӕQ±GRDQKWKX±WKXQKұSYjOӧL
QKXұQFDR
ĈӇ WKӵFKLӋQ FiF PөFWLrX ÿӅ UD%,'9 VӁ ÿһFELӋW
FK~WUӑQJ YjROƭQK YӵFÿjRWҥRQJXӗQQKkQ OӵFYj
F{QJ QJKӋ WK{QJ WLQ WURQJ JLDL ÿRҥQ ÿӇ
WăQJFѭӡQJKLӋXTXҧKRҥWÿӝQJYjOӧLQKXұQĈӗQJ
WKӡLVRQJVRQJYӟLYLӋFFKXҭQKyDWKHRFiFFKXҭQ
PӵFTXӕFWӃ%,'9FNJQJFyNӃKRҥFKFөWKӇQKҵP[k\
GӵQJ WKѭѫQJ KLӋXYjYăQ KyD GRDQK QJKLӋS WURQJ
FKLӃQOѭӧFSKiWWULӇQWKѭѫQJKLӋXFӫD%,'9Ĉk\Oj
JLDLÿRҥQKӭDKҽQFKӭQJNLӃQVӵEӭWSKiQJRҥQPөF
FӫD%,'9VRYӟLFiFQJkQKjQJWKѭѫQJPҥLNKiF
0Ө&7,Ç8.,1+'2$1+1Ă0
³7ұS WUXQJ KRjQ WKjQK WӕW QKҩW F{QJ WiF Fә SKҫQ KRi
%,'9YjFKX\ӇQÿәLP{KuQKWәFKӭFWKjQK7ұSÿRjQWjL
FKtQKQJkQKjQJ1JKLrPW~FWKӵFWKLFyKLӋXTXҧYLӋF
ÿLӅXKjQKFKtQKViFKWLӅQWӋFӫD1JkQKjQJ1KjQѭӟF
JySSKҫQ әQÿӏQKJLi WUӏÿӗQJWLӅQNLӅP FKӃOҥPSKiW
WK~F ÿҭ\WăQJ WUѭӣQJNLQK WӃÿҩW QѭӟF7RjQKӋ WKӕQJ
TX\ӃWWkPWăQJWӕFEӭWSKiWKӵFKLӋQFDRQKҩWNӃKRҥFK
NLQKGRDQKQăPWҥREѭӟFFKX\ӇQELӃQWURQJKRҥW
ÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKSKKӧSYӟLP{KuQKWәFKӭFFәSKҫQYj
WұSÿRjQWjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJÿӗQJWKӡLWLӃSWөFSKiWWULӇQ
TX\P{QkQJFDRFKҩWOѭӧQJYjKLӋXTXҧWăQJWUѭӣQJ
EӅQYӳQJWKHRPөFWLrXNӃKRҥFKFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӅUD´
&iFFKӍWLrXNLQKGRDQKFѫEҧQQăP
1KyPFK͡WLrXY͙TX\P{
7ӕFÿӝWăQJWUѭӣQJWәQJWjLVҧQQăPɨ
7ӕFÿӝWăQJWUѭӣQJKX\ÿӝQJYӕQEuQKTXkQɨ
QăP
7ӕFÿӝWăQJWUѭӣQJWtQGөQJEuQKTXkQQăPɨ
1KyPFK͡WLrXKL͟XTX̻
52$ɨ
52(ɨ
&$5!ɨ
1KyPFK͡WLrXF˿F̽XFK̽WÓͻQJ
7ӹOӋQӧ[ҩXɨ
1+,ӊ09Ө1Ă0
7KӵFKLӋQWKjQKF{QJTXiWUuQKFәSKҫQKRi%,'9ÿӅ[XҩW
WLӃSQKұQYjFySKѭѫQJiQVӱGөQJFyKLӋXTXҧWKһQJGѭ
SKiWKjQKFәSKLӃXKRjQWKjQKTXiWUuQKFKX\ӇQÿәLP{
KuQKKRҥWÿӝQJSKKӧSYӟLP{KuQKWәFKӭFTXҧQOêFӫD
WұSÿRjQWjLFKtQKQJkQKjQJ
7LӃSWөFPӣUӝQJYjÿҭ\PҥQKFiFOƭQKYӵFKRҥWÿӝQJNLQK
GRDQKQKѭFKӭQJNKRiQEҧRKLӇPÿҫXWѭWjLFKtQK«
QkQJFDRQăQJOӵFWjLFKtQKYjQăQJOӵFFҥQKWUDQKiS
GөQJFiFFKXҭQPӵFTXӕFWӃWURQJTXҧQWUӏÿLӅXKjQK
1kQJFDRQăQJOӵFTXҧQWUӏUӫLURWK{QJTXDFKXҭQKRi
FiFTX\WUuQKWKӫWөFTXҧQOêYjWiFQJKLӋS
3KiWWULӇQFKtQKViFKWKXK~WWUӑQJGөQJYjÿmLQJӝQKkQ
WjLQkQJFDRFKҩWOѭӧQJQJXӗQQKkQOӵF[k\GӵQJÿӝL
QJNJFiQEӝYӯDFyQăQJOӵFFKX\rQP{QYӯDFyÿҥRÿӭF
QJKӅQJKLӋSYjÿҧPEҧRFiFOӧLtFKFӫDQJѭӡLODRÿӝQJ
[k\GӵQJSKiWWULӇQYăQKRi%,'9
+RjQWKjQKFKLӃQOѭӧFSKiWWULӇQWKѭѫQJKLӋXWULӇQNKDL
TXҧQJEiÿӗQJEӝWKѭѫQJKLӋXPӟLFKLӃQOѭӧFWLӃSWKӏ
ÿѭDKuQKҧQKWұSÿRjQÿӃQNKiFKKjQJYjÿӕLWiFWURQJ
YjQJRjLQѭӟFWKӵFKLӋQQLrP\ӃWWUrQWKӏWUѭӡQJFKӭQJ
NKRiQWURQJQѭӟFYjTXӕFWӃ
3KiWWULӇQPҥQJOѭӟLNrQKSKkQSKӕLVҧQSKҭPÿDGҥQJ
KRiOƭQKYӵFÿҫXWѭWӯQJEѭӟFJLDWăQJҧQKKѭӣQJYj
JLiWUӏFӫD%,'9WUrQWKӏWUѭӡQJWjLFKtQKWұSWUXQJÿӏQK
KuQKYjKRjQWKLӋQPҥQJOѭӟLNLQKGRDQKQJkQKjQJEҧR
KLӇP$70326JLDWăQJÿҫXWѭFKӭQJNKRiQÿҭ\PҥQK
ÿҫXWѭFiFGӵiQFyѭXWKӃWURQJFҥQKWUDQKVDXNKL9LӋW
1DPJLDQKұS:72ӣFiFOƭQKYӵFQăQJOѭӧQJKҥWҫQJ
NӻWKXұWFҧQJELӇQEҩWÿӝQJVҧQÿҭ\PҥQKKRҥWÿӝQJ
QJkQKjQJEiQOҿ
;k\GӵQJFKLӃQOѭӧFF{QJQJKӋWK{QJWLQÿӃQGӵ
iQKLӋQÿҥLKRiQJkQKjQJJLDLÿRҥQYjWҫP
QKuQÿӃQ[k\GӵQJKӋWKӕQJWK{QJWLQTXҧQOê0,6
KLӋQÿҥL
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
1ăPKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKFӫD%/&YүQWLӃSWөFWăQJWUѭӣQJәQÿӏQKYjÿmFѫEҧQ
KRjQWKjQKFiFFKӍWLrXNӃKRҥFKÿѭӧFJLDRĈӃQWәQJGѭQӧFKRWKXrWjLFKtQK
ÿҥWWӹ91'WăQJVRYӟLPӭFWKӵFKLӋQQăP7ӹOӋQӧ[ҩXWәQJGѭQӧOj
JLҧPPҥQKVRYӟLQăP7URQJQăP&{QJW\WUtFKGӵSKzQJUӫLURÿѭӧFWӹ
91'YjOӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃÿҥWWӹ91'WăQJKѫQOҫQVRYӟLQăP
ĈӇKӛWUӧ&{QJW\WăQJFѭӡQJQăQJOӵFWjLFKtQKYjWҥROӧLWKӃYӅTX\P{QKҵPVӟPJLjQKOҥL
WKӏSKҫQFKRWKXrWjLFKtQK%,'9VӁWKӵFKLӋQFҩSEәVXQJQkQJYӕQÿLӅXOӋFKR%/&WURQJ
QăP
+2Ҥ7ĈӜ1*&Ӫ$&È&
ĈѪ19ӎ7+¬1+9,Ç1
CÔNG
7<
&+2
7+8Ç
7¬,
&+Ë1+
7әQJGѭQӧ
7ӹOӋQӧ[ҩXWәQJGѭQӧ
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
52(
791'
1ăPKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKFӫD&{QJW\ÿҥWNӃWTXҧNKҧTXDQFiFFKӍWLrXFKҩWOѭӧQJ
YjKLӋXTXҧKRҥWÿӝQJWăQJWUѭӣQJVRYӟLQăPYjYѭӧWNӃKRҥFKJLDRQăP&ө
WKӇFiFPһWKRҥWÿӝQJQKѭVDX
ĈӃQWәQJGѭQӧFKRWKXrWjLFKtQKÿҥWWӹ91'WăQJVRYӟLQăP
7ӹOӋQӧ[ҩXOjJLҧPVRYӟLQăP&{QJW\WKӵFKLӋQWUtFKGӵSKzQJUӫLURÿӃQ
OjWӹ91'WăQJVRYӟLQăP/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃFӫD&{QJW\ÿҥW
Wӹ91'WăQJVRYӟLQăP&KӍWLrX52(ӣPӭFWѭѫQJÿӕLWӕWÿӃQ
ÿҥW
CÔNG
7<
&+2
7+8Ç
7¬,
&+Ë1+,,
7әQJGѭQӧ
7ӹOӋQӧ[ҩXWәQJGѭQӧ
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
52(
791'
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
ĈѭӧFWKjQKOұSQăPYӟLPӭFYӕQÿLӅXOӋEDQÿҫX
OjWӹ91'%6&OjPӝWWURQJKDLF{QJW\FKӭQJNKRiQ
ÿѭӧFFҩSSKpSKRҥWÿӝQJÿҫXWLrQWUrQWKӏWUѭӡQJYjWKӵF
KLӋQ ÿҫ\ÿӫFiFFKӭFQăQJ FӫDF{QJ W\FKӭQJ NKRiQ
6DXEҧ\QăPKRҥWÿӝQJ%6&ÿmFyQKLӅXEѭӟFWUѭӣQJ
WKjQKYj OjPӝWWURQJ QKӳQJF{QJW\ FKӭQJNKRiQOӟQ
QKҩWWUrQWKӏWUѭӡQJYӟLYӕQÿLӅXOӋOjWӹ91'
1ăPWKӏWUѭӡQJFKӭQJNKRiQ9LӋW1DPFyQKLӅX
GLӉQELӃQSKӭFWҥSYjFKӏXWiFÿӝQJNKiPҥQKPӁFӫD
QKӳQJFKtQKViFKYjVӵNLӋQTXDQWUӑQJ7X\QKLrQKRҥW
ÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKFӫD&{QJW\YүQÿҥWÿѭӧFNӃWTXҧNKҧ
%6& &Ð1*7<&+Ӭ1*.+2È1
TXDQKRjQWKjQKYѭӧWPӭFFKӍWLrXNӃKRҥFKNLQKGRDQK
Yj Fy QKӳQJ EѭӟF WăQJ WUѭӣQJ YѭӧW EұF VR YӟL QăP
0ӝWVӕFKӍWLrXKRҥWÿӝQJFKtQKFӫDF{QJW\7әQJGRDQK
WKXKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKFKӭQJNKRiQJҩSOҫQGRDQK
WKXQăP7URQJÿyKRҥWÿӝQJP{LJLӟLFӫD%6&WLӃS
WөFFyEѭӟFWăQJWUѭӣQJFDRÿҥWJҩSJҫQOҫQ'RDQK
VӕKRҥWÿӝQJP{LJLӟLTXD%6&WLӃSWөFGX\WUuӣPӭFWUrQ
WәQJGRDQKVӕWRjQWKӏWUѭӡQJ/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
ÿҥWWӹ91'YjWӹVXҩWOӧLQKXұQVDXWKXӃYӕQFKӫ
VӣKӳXEuQKTXkQÿҥW
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
7UL͟X91'
'RDQKWKX+Ĉ.'&.
'RDQKWKXWӵGRDQK
'RDQKWKXSKtP{LJLӟL&.
ĈӇGX\WUuYӏWKӃYjSKiWWULӇQWURQJP{LWUѭӡQJFҥQKWUDQK
JD\JҳW%6&ÿmNK{QJQJӯQJÿҫXWѭÿәLPӟLF{QJQJKӋ
QkQJFDRFKҩWOѭӧQJGӏFKYөÿҭ\PҥQK[k\GӵQJYjSKiW
WULӇQPҥQJOѭӟL0өFWLrXFӫD%6&WӯQD\ÿӃQOjWUӣ
WKjQKPӝWWURQJQKӳQJ&{QJW\FKӭQJNKRiQKjQJÿҫX
WUrQWKӏWUѭӡQJFKӭQJNKRiQ9LӋW1DPYӟLSKѭѫQJFKkP
SKiWWULӇQNLQKGRDQKEӅQYӳQJWUrQFѫVӣKRҥWÿӝQJFy
EjLEҧQYjFKXҭQPӵF
+2Ҥ7ĈӜ1*&Ӫ$&È&
ĈѪ19ӎ7+¬1+9,Ç1
1ăPGR%,'9ÿmFѫEҧQKRjQWKjQKYLӋF[ӱOêQӧ
WKHR4X\ӃWÿӏQK4Ĉ77JQrQ%$0&ÿmNK{QJ
QKұQFKX\ӇQJLDRWKrPQӧPjWұSWUXQJYjRYLӋFWKXKӗL
FiFNKRҧQQӧ ÿmÿѭӧFWLӃSQKұQWӯ QKӳQJQăPWUѭӟF
7tQKÿӃQWKӡLÿLӇPWәQJNKRҧQQӧ%$0&WKX
KӗLÿѭӧFNKRҧQJWӹ91'WăQJJҫQJҩSOҫQVRYӟL
%$0& &Ð1*7<48Ҧ1/é1Ӧ9¬.+$,7+È&7¬,6Ҧ1%,'9
/NJ\NӃWLӃSQKұQQӧWӯ
'RDQKVӕWKXQӧ
/NJ\NӃWKXKӗLQӧWӯ
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
1ӧWLӃSQKұQ
7UL͟X91'
7әQJWjLVҧQ
QăPGRÿyOӧL QKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃÿҥWWӹ91'
WăQJJҩSOҫQVRYӟLQăP
1ăPWәQJWjLVҧQFNJQJFyPӭFWăQJWUѭӣQJYѭӧW
EұFÿҥWWӹ91'YjWăQJVRYӟLPӭFWKӵFKLӋQ
QăP
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
6DXPӝWQăPәQÿӏQKFѫFҩXWәFKӭFKRҥWÿӝQJYӟLPөF
WLrXSKiWWULӇQQKDQKYjYӳQJFKҳFÿӇWUӣWKjQKPӝWWURQJ
WUөFӝWFKtQKFӫD1JkQKjQJQăPKRҥWÿӝQJNLQK
GRDQK FӫD%,& ÿm ÿҥWÿѭӧF QKӳQJ NӃWTXҧ WѭѫQJ ÿӕL
7әQJGRDQKWKXSKtEҧRKLӇPQăPÿҥWWӹ91'
WăQJVRYӟLQăP;pWYӅGRDQKWKXSKtEҧR
KLӇP JӕF%,& OX{QGүQÿҫX WKӏWUѭӡQJ YӅWӕFÿӝ WăQJ
WUѭӣQJ7ӹWUӑQJGRDQKWKXSKtEҧRKLӇPJӕFFKLӃP
WәQJGRDQKWKXSKtYjWăQJVRYӟLQăPGRÿy
WKӏSKҫQFӫD%,&FNJQJWăQJPҥQKWӯQăPOrQ
WURQJQăP%,&ÿmÿӭQJYjRGDQKViFKF{QJ
W\FyGRDQKWKXSKtEҧRKLӇPOӟQQKҩWQăPÿӭQJ
WKӭF{QJW\YjOj&{QJW\FyWӕFÿӝWăQJWUѭӣQJ
GүQÿҫXWKӏWUѭӡQJ/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃÿҥWWULӋX
91'
7KjQKF{QJOӟQQKҩWÿӕLYӟL&{QJW\WURQJQăPOj
ÿmWҥRUDVӵFKX\ӇQELӃQU}UӋWWURQJYLӋFNKDLWKiFEҧR
KLӇPJҳQYӟLFiFGӵiQWjLWUӧWtQGөQJFӫD%,'91JRjL
%,& &Ð1*7<%Ҧ2+,ӆ0%,'9
YLӋFWӯQJEѭӟFKRjQWKLӋQPҥQJOѭӟLFKLQKiQK±SKzQJ
NLQKGRDQKNKXYӵFSKӫNtQFiFWӍQKWKjQKWURQJFҧQѭӟF
%,&FNJQJÿmEѭӟFÿҫXWULӇQNKDLWKjQKF{QJPӝWVӕVҧQ
SKҭPNӃW KӧSYӟLGӏFKYө FӫD1JkQKjQJÿӇ WăQJNKҧ
QăQJFҥQKWUDQKVRYӟLFiFF{QJW\EҧRKLӇPNKiFEDR
JӗPVҧQSKҭP%,&%ҧR$QEҧRKLӇPFKRQJѭӡLJӱLWLӃW
NLӋPWҥL%,'9%,&±%uQK$QEҧRKLӇPFKRQJѭӡLYD\
YӕQWҥL1JkQKjQJ/LrQGRDQK9LӋW1JD95%Ĉk\Oj
ÿLӅXNLӋQWLӃQÿӅÿӇWULӇQNKDLÿӗQJEӝYjVkXUӝQJJyLVҧQ
SKҭPWjLFKtQK±QJkQKjQJEҧRKLӇPWURQJKӋWKӕQJ
FiFFKLQKiQKFӫD%,'9WURQJQăPWӟL
NKҧTXDQ4X\P{KRҥWÿӝQJFӫD%,&ÿmÿѭӧFPӣUӝQJ
ÿiQJNӇ[pWWUrQFҧKDLWLrXFKtGRDQKWKXNKDLWKiFYj
WKӏSKҫQ
/ӧLQKXұQVDXWKXӃ
0ӝWVӕWӍOӋ.'%+
7UL͟X91'
7әQJGRDQKWKXSKt
3KtEҧRKLӇPJӕF
3Kt%+JӕF7әQJ'7
7ӹOӋSKtEҧRKLӇPWKӵFKѭӣQJ
7әQJGRDQKWKX
7KXSKtQKұQWiLEҧRKLӇP
+2Ҥ7ĈӜ1*&Ӫ$&È&
ĈѪ19ӎ7+¬1+9,Ç1
+RҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKWURQJQăPFӫD1JkQKjQJOLrQ
GRDQKWLӃSWөFÿҥWQKӳQJEѭӟFSKiWWULӇQWӕWYjQKӳQJNӃW
TXҧNKҧTXDQWURQJKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQK.ӃWTXҧKRҥW
ÿӝQJQăPFKRWKҩ\1JkQKjQJOLrQGRDQKÿmKRjQ
WKjQKYѭӧWNӃKRҥFKFiFFKӍWLrXNLQKGRDQK&өWKӇ
&KӍWLrXKX\ÿӝQJYӕQÿѭӧFJKLQKұQӣPӭF
WULӋX86'WăQJVRYӟLYjÿҥWNӃ
KRҥFKQăP7URQJFKӍWLrXKX\ÿӝQJYӕQKX\ÿӝQJ
WӯNKӕLGRDQKQJKLӋSYjFiQKkQQѭӟFQJRjLWLӃS
WөFFKLӃPWӹWUӑQJOӟQFKLӃPQJXӗQYӕQKX\
ÿӝQJWӯGkQFѭYjWәFKӭFNLQKWӃ
+RҥW ÿӝQJ WtQ GөQJ FӫD 1JkQ KjQJ WURQJ QăP
ÿѭӧFJKLQKұQYӟLWӕFÿӝWăQJWUѭӣQJNKi
OӟQWăQJ VR YӟLQăPYӟLGѭ QӧFXӕL
QăPOjWULӋX86'7URQJQăP1JkQKjQJ
FK~WUӑQJSKiWWULӇQWKrPFiFVҧQSKҭPWtQGөQJ
1*Æ1+¬1*/,Ç1'2$1+9,'38%/,&%$1.
PӟLQKѭFKRYD\WLrXGQJFKRYD\PXD[HWD\
JD FKR YD\ NLQK GRDQK FKӭQJ NKRiQ«+DL VҧQ
SKҭPFKRYD\PXDQKjYjFKRYD\PXD{W{YүQ
WLӃS WөF WăQJ WUѭӣQJ PҥQK FKLӃP NKRҧQJ
WәQJGѭQӧ
%rQ FҥQK YLӋF ÿҭ\ PҥQK WăQJ WUѭӣQJ WtQ GөQJ
1JkQ KjQJ FNJQJ TXDQ WkP ÿӃQ FKҩW OѭӧQJ WtQ
GөQJ7ӹOӋQӧ[ҩXÿѭӧFGX\WUuӣPӭFNKiWKҩS
Oj
&KӍWLrXOӧLQKXұQ/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃFӫD1JkQ
KjQJÿҥWQJjQ86'WăQJVRYӟLQăP
YjÿҥWNӃKRҥFKQăPJyS SKҫQFҧL
WKLӋQÿiQJNӇFKӍVӕ52(ӣPӭFVRYӟLQăP
Oj
'ѭ1ӧWtQGөQJ
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
52(
+X\ÿӝQJYӕQ
1JKuQ86'
7әQJWjLVҧQ
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
52(
+RҥWÿӝQJFӫD/9%QăPWLӃSWөFÿҥWQKӳQJEѭӟFSKiWWULӇQWӕWYjNKҧTXDQ&iFFKӍWLrXNLQKGRDQKFKRWKҩ\/9%
ÿmKRjQWKjQKYѭӧWPӭFNӃKRҥFKÿѭӧFJLDRWURQJQăPFөWKӇQKѭVDX
/9% 1*Æ1+¬1*/,Ç1'2$1+/¬29,ӊ7
7әQJ WjLVҧQ ÿҥW WULӋX86' WăQJ VRYӟL FXӕL
QăP
7әQJQJXӗQYӕQKX\ÿӝQJÿҥWJҫQWULӋX86'WăQJ
VRYӟLQăPWURQJÿyKX\ÿӝQJYӕQ7&.7Yj
GkQFѭÿҥWWULӋX86'WăQJVRYӟLQăP
'ѭQӧWtQGөQJÿҥWWULӋX86'WăQJVRYӟLQăP
7ӹOӋQӧTXiKҥQJLҧPVRYӟLQăPVRYӟL
FKRWKҩ\FKҩWOѭӧQJWtQGөQJ/9%ÿmWӯQJEѭӟF
ÿѭӧFFҧLWKLӋQ
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃÿҥWKѫQQJKuQ86'WăQJ
VRYӟLQăP
'RDQKWKXGӏFKYөWăQJFDRVRYӟLQăPÿyQJ
JySOӟQYjRKLӋXTXҧKRҥWÿӝQJFӫD/9%QăP
7ӹOӋ52(ÿmFyQKӳQJFҧLWKLӋQÿҥW1KӳQJFKӍ
WLrXQj\SKҧQiQKQKӳQJQӛOӵFSKҩQÿҩXFӫD/9%ÿӇFҧL
WKLӋQYjQkQJFDRKLӋXTXҧKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQK
1JXӗQYӕQKX\ÿӝQJ
'ѭQӧFKRYD\
'RDQKWKXGӏFKYө
4Xӻ'355
.'77
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
1JKuQ86'
7әQJWjLVҧQ
+2Ҥ7ĈӜ1*&Ӫ$&È&
ĈѪ19ӎ7+¬1+9,Ç1
&{QJW\/LrQGRDQK4XҧQOêĈҫXWѭ%,'99LHWQDP3DUWQHU
³&{QJW\´ÿѭӧFWKjQKOұSÿҫXQăPYӟLFKӭFQăQJ
TXҧQ OêFiFTXӻ ÿҫX WѭEDR JӗP FҧTXӻ WKjQK OұS WҥL
QѭӟFQJRjLÿӇÿҫXWѭWҥL9LӋW1DPYӟLPӭFYӕQÿLӅXOӋ
ÿăQJNêOjWULӋX86'+LӋQWҥL&{QJW\ÿDQJTXҧQOê4Xӻ
ĈҫXWѭ9LӋW1DP9,)FyWәQJPӭFYӕQFDPNӃWOj
Wӹ91'YӟLQKjÿҫXWѭYjÿDQJWKӵFKLӋQKX\ÿӝQJTXӻ
%9,0
&Ð1*7</,Ç1'2$1+48Ҧ1/éĈҪ87Ѭ%,'9±9,(71$03$571(56
VRQJVLQKWӯQѭӟFQJRjLYӟLTX\P{WULӋX86'Gӵ
NLӃQÿyQJTXӻOҫQÿҫXWURQJ4Xê,
0һF G WKӏ WUѭӡQJ FKӭQJ NKRiQ 9LӋW 1DP QăP
FyQKӳQJELӃQÿӝQJEҩWWKѭӡQJKRҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQK
FӫD%9,0YүQWLӃSWөFWKXÿѭӧFQKӳQJNӃWTXҧFDRWăQJ
WUѭӣQJQKDQKYjәQÿӏQKWKӇKLӋQӣPӝWVӕFKӍWLrXWjL
FKtQKFKӫ\ӃXVDX
7әQJGRDQKWKX
7әQJFKLSKt
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
/ӧLQKXұQVDXWKXӃ
9ӕQFKӫVӣKӳX
7UL͟X91'
7әQJWjLVҧQ
+RҥWÿӝQJNLQKGRDQKFӫD&{QJW\JҳQOLӅQYӟLYLӋFTXҧQ
OêYjWKӵFKLӋQÿҫXWѭFӫDFiF4XӻGR&{QJW\TXҧQOê
KLӋQ WҥL Oj TXӻ 9,) 7tQK ÿӃQ &{QJ W\ ÿҥW
GRDQKWKXWӹ91'FKӫ\ӃXWӯWKXSKtTXҧQOê4Xӻ
9,)/ӧLQKXұQVDXWKXӃÿҥWWӹ91'YӟLWӹVXҩW
OӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ'RDQKWKXOjYjWӹVXҩWOӧL
QKXұQVDXWKXӃYӕQFKӫVӣKӳXOj9,)ÿmKX\
ÿӝQJWӹ91'WѭѫQJÿѭѫQJWәQJYӕQÿmFDP
NӃWJySWӹ91'ÿҫXWѭYjRF{QJW\YjJLiWUӏ
WjLVҧQUzQJFӫDPӝWFKӭQJFKӍTXӻÿҥWWӹ91'PӋQK
JLiWӹ91'
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ
+2Ҥ7ĈӜ1*&Ӫ$&È&
ĈѪ19ӎ7+¬1+9,Ç1
&Ð1*7</,Ç1'2$1+7+È3%,'9
&{QJW\OLrQGRDQK7KiS%,'9ÿѭӧFWKjQKOұSQăPYӟLVӕYӕQÿLӅXOӋÿăQJNêOj
WULӋX86'Ĉk\OjOLrQGRDQKÿҫXWLrQFӫD%,'9KRҥWÿӝQJWURQJOƭQKYӵFQJRjLQJjQKQJkQ
KjQJWjLFKtQKÿѭӧFOLrQGRDQKJLӳD%,'9Yj%ORRPKLOO+ROGLQJV3WH6LQJDSRUH
&{QJW\OLrQGRDQKÿѭӧFWKjQKOұSQKҵPWULӇQNKDL[k\GӵQJYұQKjQKYjTXҧQOêNKDLWKiF
7KiS%,'9WҥLÿӏDÿLӇP7UҫQ4XDQJ.KҧL+j1ӝL7KiS%,'9VӁOjQѫLÿһWWUөVӣFKtQK
FӫD1JkQKjQJĈҫXWѭYj3KiWWULӇQ9LӋW1DP%,'9KLӋQQD\Yj7ұSÿRjQ7jLFKtQK1JkQ
KjQJ9LӋW1DPVDXQj\OjELӇXWѭӧQJFKRVӵSKiWWULӇQPҥQKPӁFӫD%,'9WURQJWѭѫQJODL
7URQJQăP&{QJW\OLrQGRDQKÿmWәFKӭFWKӵFKLӋQQKLӅXJyLWKҫXF{QJYLӋFTXDQ
WUӑQJFyҧQKKѭӣQJOӟQÿӃQWLӃQÿӝKRjQWKjQKYjNKDLWUѭѫQJF{QJWUuQK+LӋQQD\&{QJ
W\OLrQGRDQKÿDQJWtFKFӵFSKӕLKӧSYӟLFiFErQWѭYҩQYjFiFQKjWKҫXWKLF{QJÿӇNKҭQ
WUѭѫQJÿѭDJyLWKҫX7KLF{QJSKҫQWKkQYjOҳSÿһWWKLӃWEӏYjRNKӣLF{QJÿ~QJGӵNLӃQÿӇ
FyWKӇVӟPKRjQWKjQKWRjQEӝWzDWKiSWURQJQăP
95% 1*Æ1+¬1*/,Ç1'2$1+9,ӊ71*$
+RҥWÿӝQJÿѭӧFKѫQQăPVDXQJj\NKDLWUѭѫQJYӟLVӵKӛWUӧWtFKFӵFFӫDQJkQKjQJPҽ
ÿһFELӋWOj%,'995%ÿmÿҥWÿѭӧFPӝWVӕNӃWTXҧEDQÿҫXYӟLWәQJWjLVҧQWҥL
ÿҥWWӹ91'WѭѫQJÿѭѫQJWULӋX86'WăQJVRYӟLQăP'ѭQӧWtQGөQJ
ÿҥWWӹ91'WѭѫQJÿѭѫQJWULӋX86'WăQJVRYӟLQăPYjNK{QJFyQӧ[ҩX
+X\ÿӝQJYӕQÿҥWWӹ91'WѭѫQJÿѭѫQJWULӋX86'WăQJVRYӟLQăP
WURQJÿyKX\ÿӝQJYӕQWӯWәFKӭFNLQKWӃYjGkQFѭÿҥWWӹ91'/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
ÿҥWQJKuQ86'Yj52(ÿҥWWURQJQăPÿҫXKRҥWÿӝQJ
0ӝWVӕFKӍWLrXNӃWTXҧNLQKGRDQKFKӫ\ӃXÿҥWÿѭӧFWURQJQăPQKѭVDX
'ѭQӧWtQGөQJ
/ӧLQKXұQWUѭӟFWKXӃ
52(
+X\ÿӝQJYӕQ
1JKuQ86'
7әQJWjLVҧQ
%iRFiRWKѭӡQJQLrQ