Toefl ibt internet based test 2006 - 2007 part 4 potx

14
ORIENT~TION
EXAMINATION
>-
What
kinds
0'
questions
are
'o
.l
d
on
the
iBT?
The majority of the questions
on
the
IB
T are muftlple choice.
Some
othel' types
01
questions
are also 00 the
iBT.
These questions have special directions
00
the screen.
You
will have

many examples of them
In
the model tests in this book.
>-
Are
all
of
the
TOER
e
IBT
tilts
the
same?
Unlike the Computer-Based TOEFL (CBT), which presented quesllons based on your
responses
to previous questions, the iBT Is a linear test. That means that
on
the same form, all
of the test questions are the same.
>-
Why
are
some
o.
the
Reading
and
Listening
18etla

ll
lal ,.,
The
te
st developers include experimental questions
'Of
either the Reading or
the
Listening
section
00 most TOEFL forms.
You
must
do
your best 00 all the questions because you
wi
ll
not
know which questions are experimental and which are test questions that will
be
scored. For
example, you may
be
taking the iBT with someone who has experimental questions in Read-
ing, but you may have experimental questions in Ustening. For this reason, your friend's test
may have a longer Reading section, and your test may have a longer
US
leni
ng
sectioo. The

experimental
questions may be
althe
beginning, middle,
Of
end of the section.
>-
Ma,
I
choose
the
order
of
the
lIetlans
an
my
TOEFL?
You
may not choose the order. Reading, Ustening, Speaking, and Writing are tested in that
order on the
TOEFL, with a ten-minute
bl"eak
between the
listening
and Speaking.
>-
What
kinds
at

qlestlans
are
fa
••
d
an
the
IBT?
Most 01 the questions are multiple
choice,
but some questions have special directions 00 the
screen.
You
will have examples
01
the most frequently tested items In Chapter 5 in this book.
>-
Ma,
I
take
notes?
You
are permitted to take notes and use them to answar the questions on the i
BT.
You
will
be
given paper for that purpose when you enter the test room.
Your
notes will

be
collected and
shredded after
the test.
>-
May
I
chang.
an
answer?
On
the
Ustening section, you can change your answer by clicking on a new answer.
You
can
change your
answer as many times as you wish un
til
you click on the
Confirm
An
. _ button.
On the Reading section, you can change your answer by clicking on the
new
answer.
You
can
change your
answer as many times as you wish, and you can go back to previous answars on
FAOs-

FREOU
ENTL
Y
ASKED
OVESTIONS ABOVT T
HE
TOEFL-
IBT
15
the
same
reading passage.
When
you begin a
new
reading passage, you
may
not return
to
the
previous passage to change answers. On the Sp&aklng section. you will 00 cu&d with a
beep
to
begin and end speakJng. Eyerything that you say during the recording time will
be
submit·
ted. You
cannot change
an
answer

.
On
the
Writing section, you
can
rellise
your
essays
as
much
as
you wish until
the
clock indicates that
no
time is remaining. II you SlJbrnit
your
essays
before
time
is up, you
cannot
return
to
them
.
The
C
[)"ROM
thaf supplements this

book
will
pr0-
vide
you with practice in
choosing
and
changing answers
on
the
computer screen.
, H I
am
not
sure
of
an
answer
,
should
I
gless?
II you are not sure
01
an answer. you should guess. The
number
01
Incorrect answers is not
subtracted from your score. First. eliminate ali the possibilities that you know are
NOT

COfrect.
Then
,
il
you are almost
SlJre
01
an
anSWef,
guess
that one. II you have no Idea
of
the correct
answer
for
a Question, choose
one
letter and
use
it
lor
your
"
guess
answer"
throughout
the
entire examination.
The
"guess

answer" is especially
uselullor
finishing a section Quickly.
,
Why
do
some
of
the
TOEFL
tests
have
addftlonal
q
ll
estlons?
Some
01
the tests Include Questio
ns
that are being
lleld
·test&d
lor
use in future T
OEFL
admln·
istrations.
These
tests

hav
e
more
QuestionS,
but
your
anSWefS
to
lhe
additional fleld·
le
st
Ques·
tions a
re
not
calculated as
part
of
your score.
,
What
It
I
cannot
hear
the
audio
for
the listening

section?
You

iII rtlC6ive
your
awn
hoadphorM.ls with a
miclophone
aHachttd. Before the
Uslening
sec-
tion begins. you will have
an
opportunity
to
adjust the
volume
yourself.
Be
C8refullo adjust the
volume
when you are
prompted
10
do
so
. II
you
wait until
the

lesl
begins,
you
may
no
l
be
able
to
adju
st
It
. If there Is a probl
em

ith
your
headset, raise
your
hand.
and
ask
the test SlJpervi·
SOt
to
provide you with
another
headset.
,
What

can
I
do
If
there
is
a
problem
during
tbe
test?
If there is a problem with !he Inlernet connection
or
the pow-er that supplies the computers. and
if
the test
must
be discontinued. everyone who
is
taking the t
est
at that site is enlitled to a
refund
or
a
Iree
test
on
another
date

.
This
does
not
happen very olten.
,
What
If
I
have
a
personal
problem
during
the
test?
II you
become
III
or
you are
being
disturbed
by
the
behavior
01
another
person in the room. tell
your

test supervisor Immediat
ely
. If you think that
your
score
may
be
affected by the
problem
,
ask
the supervisor to Iile an Irregularities Report.
,
Are
breaks
scbadllecl
during
the
TOEfl?
A
to-m
inute break
is
scheduled
between
the
Usten
ing
and
the Speaking sections.

besk ttel
matcr<ale
16 ORIENTAT
ION
,
How
otten
may
I
take
the
lIT?
You may take the TOEFL as
many
times as you wish to score to your satisfaction. Although
there were restrictions 00 when you coulcl take the Compuler·Based
TOEFl
(CBT), you can
take
the iBT more than ooce
each
month if you choose to do so .
•
If
I
ba

alrea", lakenllI.
TOEFL,
how

wllllllt
pmlD

SCDIII
affect
my
new
score?
TOEFl
scores
are
valid f
or
two years.
If
you have taken the TOEFL more than once but your
firsl
score report is more than
two
years ago, the first score will not
be
reported. If you have
taken the TOEFL more than
once
in the past two years, a report will
be
sent lor the tesl date
lhat you request.
•
May

I
keep
my
lest?
You cannol save your lest
10
a disk
or
send it to an e-mail address. II you
Ily
to
do
so, the
TOEFL office may take legal action. There are examples of the official
TOEFl
test questions
00 the web site at
WWW.Bts.Orgltoe"
.
,
What
happens
to
someone
who
cheats
on
the
IBn
Entering the room with false identification, tampering with the computer, using a

C8meJa
, giv-
ing
or
receiving hel
p,
or
trying
to
remove test materials
or
notes is considered cheating.
Do
nol
cheat.
In
spite of opportunity, knowledge that others are doing it, lhe desire to help a friend,
or
lear
thai you will not make a good score, do not cheat. On the TOEFL, cheating is a very seri-
ous matter.
II
you
are
discovered, you will
be
dismissed from the room, your score will be can-
celed,
and
you may not

be
able to lake the test again 00 a future date,
SCORE
REPORTS
,
How
is
the
Speaking
section
scored?
Trained raters listen to each
01
the
speaking responses and assign them a number
0-4.
The
scores
lor
all six responses
are
averaged
and converted
to
a
lo
lal
sectio
n score
Cl 3O.

The raters grade the Speaking section using checklists similar to
!hose
printed in this book.
,
How
Is
the
Writing
section
scored?
Trained ralers read your essays and assign them a number
0-5.
If there is disagreement
aboul
your score, a team leader will also read your essays. The scores lor each essay are
comb
ined and converted to a section score
0-30.
Raters grade the Wriling section using
checklists
simil
ar
to those printed in this book.
,
Howls
the
total
TOEFL
score
calculated?

The
I
BT
has converted section scores
lor
each of the four sections. The range
lor
each section
score is
0-30
. When the scores l
or
the four sections are added together, the
total
score range
will be
0-
120.
FAOs-
FREQUEN'Tl Y
ASKEO
QUESTIONS
A80VT
TH
E
TOEFL
.
~T
17
,

How
do
I
Int
e
rpret
my
scare?
You
cannot pass
or
fail the
TOEFl.
Each school
or
agency will evaluate the scores according
to its
own
requirements. Even
at
the same university, the requirements may vary f
or
different
programs
of study, levels of study (graduate
or
undergraduate), and degrees
01
responsibWty
(student

or
teaching assistant). Many universities
are
setting minimum requirements for each
sectiOn. The following range of requirements
Is
typical of admissions policies for North Ameri-
can universities. This assumes, of course, that the applicant's documents other than English
proficiency are acceptable.
Reading
Ustenlng
Speaking
Writing
TOTAL
1
9-2
1
17
-2
1
20-23
2<h25
76-00
To
be
certain of the requirements
lor
your schoof
or
agency,

coolaclthem
directly.
,
How
do
ttle
sco
res
compare
on
thl l
lT
,
CIT
,
and
PIT
formats?
The following chart compares
TOEFL
scores on the three most recent f
ormats-the
Intemet-
Based TOEFL
(i
ST), the Computer-Based TOEFL (CBT), and the Paper-Based TOEFL (PBT).
More detailed charts are posted
on
the web site maintained
by

Educational Tes!ing Service at
www
.ets.
org.
1ST
CST PST
1
11-
120
273-<lOO
64<HlIT
96-110
243-272
59(H;3'
79-95
213-242
550-08'
65-78
183-212
513-549
53-<4
153-182
4n-5
12
41-52
123-152
437-476
3()-4()
93-122
397-436

1
9-29
63-92
347-396
&-18
23-82
311-340
0-5
0-22
310
,
Whln
can
I
.,.
""
scores
?
You will
be
able to see your score report online fifteen business days after the test date. Score
reports will
be
mailed
to you and to the schools and
ageodes
that you designate on the
day
they are posted online.
You

are entitled to live copies of your test results, including one copy
lor
you and four official score reports.
,
May
I
cancII
."
scores?
After you view your estimated score on the screen, you will
be
given the option to report
or
cancel your
SCOles
. ff you choose
10
report your scores, you will then choose four institutiOns
18
ORIEtrrATlON
or
agencies to receive score reports.
Al
l of this is arranged by responding
10
Questions 00 the
computer screen.
If
you
do

not want your scores
10
be
reported, click 00 cancel
when
this
option appears 00 the screen.
).
How
can
I
SInd
addlUonallC0f8
reports?
If
you
need
more
than
four
score
reports
, which
are
provicIed
as
par1
of
your
test fee, you

may
order more at
$17
each.
Order
online
or
mail in the order form that you will
lind
in your
TOEFL
. iST Regis/raUon and Infotmstion Bullelin. Reports are sent in
lour
days when you
oreler them online. Allow
alleast
two weeks
lor
mall orders.
,
Is
there
a
direct
conespond

ce
betw

preflclanCl'

I.
Engl

and
a
TOEfl
score?
There is
not
always a direct correspondence between proficiency in English and a score 00
the
TOEFL. Many students who are profICient in English are
not
profICient in
how
10
approach
the examination. That is why it
is
important to prepare
by
using this book.
).
tan I estimate ,
TOEFL
score
before
I
take
the

official
test?
To
estimate your TOEFL score, after you complete each
of
the seyen model lests, use the
score estimales in Chapter 8 of this book.
If
you complete Model Tests 1- 7 00 the
C[)'ROM
thai supplements this book, you will see an estimate
of
your TOEFL score 00 the screen.
,
Willi
succeed
on
tIta
TOEfl?
You will receive from your study what you give to your study. The information is here.
Now
, it is
up to you to
devote the time and the effort.
More
than one million students haye succeeded by
using Barron's How
to
Prepare
for /he

TOEFL
You can be
SlJCC&SSlul,
tqo
.
STUDY
HABITS
A habit is a pattern of behavior thai is acquired through repetition. Research indicates that it
takes abotJt twenty-one days
10
form a habit. The foflowing
study
habits are ctI8Iactelistic
01
successful students.
Be
successful! Form these habits
now.
They
will help you on the
TOEfl
and after the TOEFL.
~
Accept

nsibility.
SlJCC&SSful
students understand
that
the score on

the
TOEFL is their responsibility.
It
doesn'
happen because
01
lucie It is
the
result of their own efforts. Take responsibility
lor
your TOEFL
score. 00011eaye it to chance .
•
0001
rely 00 luck .
• WorK diligently.
besk
Itet
ateriale
STUOV
HABITS HI
,
Get
organized.
You will need a place to
study
where you can concentrate. Try to lind a quiet place where you
can
arrange your study materials and leave them until the next study session.
If

that is not
practical, then find a
bag
Ihat
you can use to store all your materlats so that you can have
everything you
need
when
you
go
to the library
Of
another place to study.
Oorl~
use the bag for
anything else.
This will save time because you will not
be
looking
fOf
everything in different
~
areas of your house
or
room, and you
wW
not
be
trying
10

find TOEFL preparation material
among other
things in the bag.
You
are tess likely
10
lose important notes.
• Find a study area.
• Keep your materials in
one
place.
, Set
realistic
goals.
Be
honest about your preparation. Sludents who are just beginning to learn English are not
prepared to take the TOEFL.
Give
yourself the time you
need
to prepare.
By
set1ing
an unreal·
istic goal,
lor
example, to finish preparing with this
book
in one week, you will probably
be

very
disappointed. Even
advanced
students
need
time to learn academic skills and review Ian·
guage skills as well as to
lake
modellesls
.
• Evaluate
your English.
• Set a goal that you can achieve.
,
Make
a
plan.
It
is not enough
10
have a goal, even a realistic goal. Successful students also have a plan to
accomplish a goal. What are you going to
cIo
to achieve
Ihe
goal you have set?
You
will need
to
have time and resources.

What
afe they? To help you make your plan. look
atlhe
options
fOf
II
~yllllbu~
on
page
O.
•
Dedicate time and resources.
• Select a syllabus.
,
Establish
priorities.
The pretest on pages 21
-65
in
this book will
be
helpful to you when you set priorities.
Byana-
lyzing your strengths and weaknesses on the test, you will know which sections of the test wilt
be
the most diffiCult and which will
be
easy for you.
You
will also know which problems with

in
each section require the most study.
By
focusing on
those
sections and problems, you can set
priorities and use your time wisely.
• Take the pretest.
• Analyze your strengths and weaknesses.
,
Manage
time.
How
do
you spend time? Clearly, a certain amount of your time should
be
spent sleeping
or
relaxing. ThaI is importan
llo
good health. However, you should think about how much time
you
spend worrying
or
procrastinating. That is
not
a healthy way to spend lime. Successful
20
ORIENTATION
students have a schedule that

helps
them
menage
their time. Preparing
lor
the
TOEFL
is
writ-
ten
down
on
the schedule.
TOEFL
preparation
is
planned
fOt
on
a regular basis just like a
standing appointment.
If
it
is
written down. it is more probable that you will give it the time
nec-
essary
to
achieve your goal.
When

you start
to
wOl'TY
,
use
that energy
to
do
something posi-
tive. Learn
to
use
time
wh
ile
you
are waiting lOt
an
appointment
or
commuting
on
public
transportation
to
study. Even a five-minute review will
help
you.
•
Schedule study time.

•
Use unscheduled time well.
,
Learn
from
mistakes,
II you knew everything, you
wouldn'
need
this book. Expect to make mistakes
on
the
quiues
and
on
the
model tests. Read
the
el\Planatory answers, and learn
lrom
your
mistakes.
If
you
do
this, you will
be
less likely to meke those mistakes
aga
in

on
the
official T
OEFL
• Study
the
explanatory answers.
• Review your errors .

Stay
motl,atod.
It
is
easy
to
begin with enthusiasm, but it
is
more
difficult
to
maintain
your
initial commitment.
How
do
you stay motivated? To keep their energy up,
SOIT\&
students give themselves some
incentives. Without small r
ewards

along
the
way
,
it
may
be
more difficult
to
stay motivated.
Just
be
sure that
the
reward
doesn'
take more time than
the
study. Remember,
an
incentive is
supposed
to
keep you moving, not slow you
down
.
• Give yourself smell inceotives.
• Keep
moving.
,

Choose
to
be
p

tl

Your altitude will influence
your
SIJOOElSS
on
the T
OEFL
examination.
To
be successful, you
must
develop
paltems
of
positive thinking. To help
develop
a positive altitude, memorize the
following
sentences and bring them to
mind
after each study session. Bring them to mind when
you begin
to
have

negative
thoughts
:
I know
more
today that I did yestarday.
I
am
preparing.
t
wln
succeed.
Remember, some tension Is normal
and
good.
Accept
it.
Use it constructively.
It
will motivate
you
to study. But
don'
panic
Of
worry
. Panic will cause loss
01
concentration and
poor

perfor
-
mance. Avoid people
who
panic
and
worry
.
Don'
listen
to
them.
They
will eocourage negative
thoughts.
You
know more today
than
you did yesterday.
You
are prepari
ng
.
You
will succeed.
There
is more advice for success in the '
AdviSOl"
's
Office"

throughout
the
book. Please read
and
consider the advice as you continue
your
T
OEFL
preparation.