Toefl ibt internet based test 2006 - 2007 part 68 pptx

MOOfL
TEST
71SPEAKING
SECTION
497
o Now
li
sten to a short conversation between a student and her friend.
Question
Describe the woman's problem and the
two
suggestions that her friend makes about how to
handle it.
What
do you think
the
woman shoIJld
do
, and why?
Preparation
Time:
20
seconds
Recording Time: 60
seconds
498
MORE
MODEL
TEST
S
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Now listen to part of a lecture In a business class. The professor
Is
discussing the way
that a
fax
machine transmits and receives data.
Question
Using the main
points and exampl
es
from the lecture, describe
th
e three parts of a fax
machine and then explain
how
the
fax
process works,

Preparation Time: 20 seconds
Recordi
ng
Time: 60 seconds
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MODEL TEST 7IWRmNG SECTION 499
WRITING
SECTION
The
Writing section tests your ability to write essays in English similar to those that you would
write in college courses.
During the test, you
will
write two essays. The integrated
essay
asks for your response to an
academic readi
ng
passage
and
a lecture on the
same
topic. You may take notes as you read
and
listen, but notes are not graded. You
may
use
your

notes to write the
essay
. The lecture
will
be
spoken, but the directions and the questions will
be
written. You will have
20
minutes to
plan, write,
and
revise
your
response. Typically, a
good
essay
lor
the integrated
top
ic will
require that you write 1
50-225
words.
The
independent
essay
usually
asks
for

your
opinion about a familiar topic.
You
will have
30
minutes to plan, write, and revise your respo
nse
. Typically, a good essay
fOf
the
indepen.
dent topic
will require that you write
300-350
words.
A
dock
on t
he
screen will show you how
much
t
ime
you have to complete each
essay
.
1.,.,.

tId
EI.ur

"
hobl
.
SoIrIn,
"
You have
20
minutes to plan, write,
and
revise your response to a reading passage
and
a Iec·
ture
on
the same topic. First, read the passage
and
take notes.
Then
, listen to
tile
lecture
and
take notes. Finally, write your response to the writing question. Typical
ly,
a good response will
require that you write 1
50-225
words.
Readi
ng

Passage
Time: 3 minutes
Solving a problem
can
be
broken down into several steps. Fir
st
. the prob·
lem
must
be
identified correctly. Psychologists refer to this step as problem re,:r
resantation
. For
many
problems, figuring
out
which information
is
relevant and
which
is
extraneous can be diffICUlt and can interfere with arriving
at
a good
solution.
Clearly, before a problem can be solved, it
must
be obvious what the
problem is; however, this

is
not
as
easy
as it might seem.
One
obstacle 10 effi-
cient probl
em
representation is functional fixedness. that is. allowing precon-
ceived notions and even prejudices to color the facts. Most people tend to see
objects
and
events in certain fixed
ways
, and
by
being inllexible in viewing the
problem,
they may
be
unable to notice the tools for the solution. Once
the
prob-
lem is identified accurately. however, the second step consists of cooskIering
the altematives for a solution. A
common
way
to evaluate alternatives is to write
them

down and then
make
a list
of
advantages
and
disadvantages for each
solution. Here again, people
ma
y
be
limited
by
prior experiences. Often people
adopt
mental
sets
that
lead
them
to the same problem-solving strategi
es
that
were
successful for problems in the past. Ahhough that can be helpful
mos
t
of
the time, sometimes a
new

situatiOn requires a different strategy. In that case.
the
me
ntal set
mUSI
be
abandoned
. and
new
alternatives must
be
explored.
This can be a difficult adjustment for some people.
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aler
MODE
L
TEST
1/WAITING
SECTION
501
In ",
C
"usr.dy
Abt'tMd"
Question
You
are planning to study abroad. Whal do you think you will like and dislike aboul lhis eKperi·
61lCe?

Wh
y? Use specific reasons and delalls 10 support your answer.
this
Is the end or Model Test 7.
To
check
your
answers, refer
to
" Explanatory
or
Example
Answers
and
Audio
Scripts
for
Model Tests: Model Test 7
,"
Chapter 7, pages
741
-
n4
.
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ANSWERS
AND
0
SCRIPTS
F

ACTIVITIES,
QUlUES,
MODEL
TESTS
ANSWERS
AND
AUDIO
SCRIPTS
FOR
PRACTICE
ACTIVITIES
IN
CHAPTER
3
, . Settlement Patterns
2.
The Functions
01
Art
3.
Language
Development
4.
How
Important
Is
Relativity?
5.
Causes
01

Schizophrenia
6.
Evaluating
Kohlberg's
Theory
7.
Types
01
financial SeMces
8.
A
HiStory
01 Plate Teetonlcs
9. Eslimaling Population
10. Black Holes
PIw:rH:E
Acrrmr 2
classification
or
comparison
and
contrast
classification
,,,,,""
persu
asiOn
orevaluatiOn
cause
and
effect

pers
u
asion
or
evaluation
classifk:atlon
,,,,,""
cause
and
effect
or
problem
and
solutiOn
definitiOn
or
deSCription
()
Aetlvlty 2,
CD
2, Track 4. Uslan
10
pan
01
a lecture
In
an
astronomy class.
1. Usten
to

part
01
a IechIre
In
a business
class
.
2.
Usten
to
part
01
a lecture
In
a music appreciation class.
3. Usten
to
part
01
a lecture
In
a biology class.
4. Usten
to
part
01
a lecture
In
an anthropology class.
5. Usten

to
part
01
a lecture
In
an engineering
class
.
6.
Usten
to
part
01
a lecture
In
a linguistics class.
7. Usten to part
of
a lecture In
an
art history class.
8.
Listen
10
part
01
a lecture
In
a psychology class.
,

)pynqh IT' r I
504
ANSWERS
AND
AUDIO
SCRIPTS
FOR
ACTIVITIES,
OUIZZES
,
AND
MODEL
TESTS
9,
LiSlen
10
part
01
a lectUie
In
a geology class,
10.
Us
ten
to
part
01
a lecture
In
a

hi
story class.
(}
Activity 3, CD
2,
Track 5
1. I have
S8Veral
slides
01
mosaic
art,
mostly lrom the filth century.
2.
RighI. So last
Ume
we
were discussing
uh
, mullinallonal companies. Today we're
going
to
look
at
global
companies.
3. Well, today's
Iect1.Ire
Is
about /igfll

yeatS.
4. So, if
you
read the chapter
In
your textbook, Ihe
one
about
Insurance,
then
you
have
some
back-
ground
lor today's Ieetllre.
5. Although
MaJthus
's theofy
01
population
Is
s~1I
Important, I'm going
to
share
a dillerent
approach
with
you

today called demographic ltansition.
6. Okay then, let's begin our
diSCUSSion
01
marshland ha/)ilats.
7.
Sorry about the
mlKup
with
our classroom on the schedule. I'm glad
you
Iound
us.
So
this
will
be
the
room
we
ll
be
using for the
re
st
01
Ihe semesler.
0Ic:9y.
then. let's 96t on with oor
dlsctJssIon

01
igneous
rocks.
8. From your syllabus,
you
know thai today we're talking alxlut adobe constnJction,
specifICally,
how it
can
be
adapted
to
modem architecture.
9.
Let's
ask
ourselves this simple
Question
:
how
does
an
anlibioticmake
you
well?
10.
All
right We've
been
talking about reptiles.

Now
le
t's turn our attentlon
to
amphibians.
There are three arguments I
n:5l.lppor1
of protecting endangered species.
Aesthetic juStilicaliOn
VariOus
lorms
of
nature Inlluence
the
life eKperience 01 human beings
In
a positive way.
Ecological setf·intetest assumes
that a balance
01
nature benelits
all
species
.
Moral justification asserts that
the
creatures themselves have rights.
uniquely beautiful
appreciated univer
sal

ly
In
art and literature
Impof18f1
t to the religious community
perform essential lunctions
eK.
unique carrier
of
a cure lor a h
uman
disease
to
protect ourselve
s,
we
must protect other species
United Nations
Wand
Charter
IOf
Narure-
all
species
have the right
to
exist
human beings have the responsibility to p'eserve
all
species

The
professor
does
not directly promote
any
argument, but
advocacy
lor the
pro
tection
of
endange
red
species is implied in
the
lecture.
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maken
11
ANSWERS AND AUDIO SC
RI
PTS FOR PRACTICE ACTIVITIES
IN
CHAPTER 3 505
PRACTICE
Acrwtrr
5
1. Accordi
ng
to

Mead,
the
set! has
two
sides: the "I"
and
the
"me
."
The "I"
rep!"e5eflts
the
i
ndividUcllity
ola
pe!"son
.
The "me" repre5eflts the
expectatiOns and attitudes
of others.
For instanee, a sponlaneous reaction might
reveal the "I
."
This part
01
the self ill less predictable because it is
unique
.
This part of the sell is lonned through socializ.ation
by others.

It
is predk:table becallse social conlormity is
expected.
2. The mystary
01
pulsars
wa
s resolved
in
the
19605.
We
know lhat pulsars
are
nelltron sla
rs
, like Il
ghlhollSOS
lelt
by
sUpe!"oova
explosions.
We
also know that pulsars
are
not
perlectly timed because
each
revolution
01

a pulsar takes
a
little longer.
Uke a lighthouse, the neutron slar
re
volve
s.
We
see pulses of light
each
time
the
beam
swoops
past the Earth.
The
pulsar
in
the
Crab Nebula,
for
example,
currently
sp
i
ns
aboulthlrty limes per secoocI.
11
wil1
probably

spin about hall as last
two
thousand
years Irom
now
.
3.
Britain
Iransported convicts
to
Australia
in
an
eiloo
to
solve lhe problems of
ove«:roWd
i
ng
in prisons.
In
1787,
the
first
lloollell
for
Botany
Bay
In
New South Wales.

Shortly alter arrMng In 1788, the
colony was moved to Sydney
Cove
.
There were
11
ships with
750
prisoners aboard.
Four
compan~s
of marines sailed wi
th
them
as
gllards.
They took enough supplies lor
two
years.
In
Sydney, the water supply and
soil
were
better.
Although
Sydney was
the
new
si
le, for

many
years
it
was
called Botany Bay.
4.
Frederick Carl Frieseke was an American impressionist.
Bom
in
Michigan, he went 10
Paris
in
1897.
In
1905, Frleseke moved
10
Glvemey
where he lived until 1920.
By
1
920.
Frieseke had
~h
Givemey
for
Normandy.
He studied with
Wh
is
tler

in
lhe
late
1800s
.
From Whistler,
he
learned
the
academic slyle
01
l
he
salons.
At
GiveJney.
Frteselle was influenced
by
Mooe\.
Monet was experimenUng with
the
effects
of
sunlight.
The style
01
Monet and h
is
school
is

known
as
Im
pressionism.
In
Normandy,
he
began
to
paint indoor settings.
In
h
is
later
work
,
he
began
10 use a darller palette.
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