Sơ đồ phản ứng lớp 10

NHÓM HALOGEN
1.
2 2
2
o
t
HCl H Cl→ +
Hoặc
3 2 2 2
2HCl O Cl O H O
+ → + +
Hoặc
2 2 2 2
4 2 2HCl Na O NaCl Cl H O+ → + +
Hoặc
2 2 2 2
4 2HCl PbO PbCl Cl H O
+ → + +
2.
2 2
2Cl H HCl
+ →
3.
4 2 2 2
2 16 5 2 2 8KMnO HCl Cl KCl MnCl H O
+ → + + +
4.
2 2 7 2 3 2
14 3 2 2 7K Cr O HCl Cl CrCl KCl H O+ → + + +
5.
400

2 2 2
4 2 2
o
C
HCl O Cl H O+ → +
6.
2 2 2 2
4 2MnO HCl MnCl Cl H O
+ → + +
Hoặc
2 4 2 2 4 2 2 2
4 2 2 2KCl H SO MnO K SO MnCl Cl H O
+ + → + + +
7.
2 3
2 3 2
o
t
Fe Cl FeCl+ →
8.
3 2
2 3FeCl Fe FeCl
+ →
Hoặc
3 2 2
2 2FeCl Cu CuCl FeCl
+ → +
9.
2 2 3
2 2FeCl Cl FeCl

+ →
10.
2 2
2Cl K OH KCl KClO H O
+ → + +
11.
3
3 2
o
t
KClO KCl KClO
→ +
12.
2
,
3 2
2 2 3
o
t MnO
KClO KCl O→ +
13.
2 3 2
3 6 5 3
o
t
dd
Cl KOH KCl KC lO H O+ → + +
Hoặc
ên phân
2 3 2

có xúc tác
3 3
di
KC l H O KClO H+ → + ↑
14.
2 2
dpnc
CaCl Ca Cl→ +
Hoặc
( )
2 2 2 2
2
2
dpdd
CaCl H O H Ca OH Cl
+ → ↑ + + ↑
15.
( )
2 2
2
o
t
Ca ClO CaCl O
→ +
16.
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2
2 2Cl Ca OH CaCl Ca ClO H O
+ → + +

17.
2
2 2
dpnc
KCl K Cl
→ +
Hoặc
2 2 2
ó màng ngan
2 2 2
dpdd
c
KCl H O KOH H Cl+ → + +
18.
2 2
2 2Cl NaBr NaCl Br
+ → +
19.
2 2
2 2Br NaI NaBr I
+ → +
20.
2 3
2 3 2
o
t
Fe Cl FeC l
+ →
21.
( ) ( )

3 2
2 3
2 3 3 2FeCl Ba OH BaCl Fe OH
+ → + ↓
22.
2 2 4 4
2BaCl Na SO BaSO NaCl
+ → ↓ +
23.
2
2 2
dpnc
NaCl Na Cl
→ +
Hoặc
2 2 2
ó màng ngan
2 2 2
dpdd
c
NaCl H O NaOH H C l
+ → + +
24.
2 3 2
3 6 5 3
o
t
dd
Cl KOH KCl KClO H O
+ → + +

25.
2
3 2
2 2 3
o
t
MnO
KClO KCl O
→ +
26.
2 2
2 2Cl KI KCl I
+ → +
27.
2 2
2H I HI
+
ˆ ˆ†
‡ ˆˆ
28.
2 2
2 2HI Cl HCl I
+ → +
29.
2
HCl KOH KCl H O
+ → +
30.
2
2 2

dpnc
KCl K Cl
→ +
Hoặc
2 2 2
ó màng ngan
2 2
dpdd
c
KCl H O KOH H Cl+ → + +
31.
2 2 2 2 4
4 4 8Cl H S H O H SO HCl
+ + → +
BÀI TẬP VỀ NHÓM OXI – LƯU HUỲNH
1.
2 2
o
t
S H H S
+ →
2.
2 2
o
t
S O SO+ →
3.
2 2 2
2 2 3SO H S H O S
+ → + ↓

4.
2 2 2 2 4
2SO Br H O H SO HBr
+ + → +
5.
Fe S FeS
+ →
6.
2 4 4 2
FeS H SO FeSO H S
+ → +
Hoặc
2 2
2FeS HBr H S FeBr
+ → +
7.
2 2 2 2 3
4 11 8 2FeS O SO Fe O
+ → +
8.
2 5
2 2 3
400
2 2
o
V O
C
SO O SO
+
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ†

‡ ˆ ˆ ˆˆ
9.
2 2 2 2 4
2 2SO Cl H O HCl H SO
+ + → +
10.
3 2 2 4
SO H O H SO
+ →
11.
2 4 2 2
2 3 2
dd
H SO S SO H O
+ → ↑ +
Hoặc
2 4 2 2 2
2H SO H S SO H O S
+ → ↑ + + ↓
Hoặc
2 4 4 2 2
2 2
dd
H SO Cu CuSO SO H O+ → + ↑ +
Hoặc
2 4 2 2 2
2 2 2
o
t
dd

H SO C CO SO H O+ → + ↑ +
Hoặc
2 4 3 4 2 2
5 2 2 5 2
o
t
dd
H SO P H PO SO H O+ → + ↑ +
12.
2 2 3 2
2SO NaOH Na SO H O
+ → +
13.
2 3 4 2 2 2 4
3 2 2 3 2Na SO KMnO H O MnO Na SO KOH
+ + → + +
Hoặc
2 3 2 4 2 4 2 2
Na SO H SO N a SO H O SO
+ → + + ↑
Hoặc
2 3 2 2 4
4 3
o
t
Na SO Na S Na SO→ +
14.
2 4 2 4
2Na SO BaCl NaCl BaSO
+ → + ↓

15.
3 3
NaCl AgNO NaNO AgCl
+ → + ↓
16.
2 2
2FeS HCl H S FeCl
+ → ↑ +
17.
2 2 2 2 4
4 4 8H S Cl H O H SO HC l
+ + → +
18.
2 2 2 2
4 2HCl MnO MnCl Cl H O
+ → + ↑ +
Hoặc
4 2 2 2
16 2 2 5 2 8HCl KMnO MnCl Cl KCl H O
+ → + + +
Hoặc
2 2 7 2 3 2
14 3 2 2 7HCl K Cr O Cl CrCl KCl H O+ → + + +
19.
2 3 2
3 6 5 3
o
t
dd
Cl KOH KCl KClO H O

+ → + +
20.
2
3 2
2 2 3
o
MnO
t
KClO KCl O
→ + ↑
21.
2 2
2FeS HCl FeCl H S
+ → + ↑
22.
2 2
2H S Cl S HCl
+ → ↓ +
Hoặc
2 4 2 2 2
2H SO H S SO H O S
+ → + + ↓
23.
2 2 2 2 4
4 4 8H S Cl H O H SO HCl
+ + → +
24.
2 2 4 2 2
2H S H SO SO H O S
+ → + + ↓

Hoặc
2 2 2 2
2 3 2 2H S O SO H O
+ → +
25.
3 2 4 2 2
6 6 2
dd
S HNO H SO NO H O
+ → + ↑ +
26.
2 2 3
3 2NO H O HNO NO
+ → +
Hoặc
2 2 2 3
4 2 4NO H O O HNO+ + →
27.
2 4 4 2 2
2 2
o
t
dd
H SO Cu CuSO SO H O+ → + ↑ +
Hoặc
2 4 2 4
H SO CuO H O CuSO
+ → +
Hoặc
2 4 2 4 2

( ) 2H SO Cu OH CuSO H O
+ → +
28.
4 3 2 4 3 2
( ) ( )CuSO Ba NO BaSO Cu NO
+ → ↓ +
29.
3 2 2 2
1
( ) 2
2
o
t
Cu NO CuO NO O→ + ↑ + ↑
30.
2 2 2 2 4
2 2SO Br H O H SO HBr
+ + → +
BÀI TẬP VỀ NITƠ VÀ PHOTPHO
1.
2 2 2 3
4 2 4NO O H O HNO
+ + →
2.
3 2 3 4
5 3 2 3 5HNO P H O H PO NO
+ + → + ↑
3.
3 4 3 4 2 2
3 2 ( ) 3Ca H PO C a PO H

+ → + ↑
4.
3 4 2 2 4 4 2 4 2
( ) 2 2 ( )Ca PO H SO CaSO Ca H PO+ → ↓ +
Hoặc
3 4 2 3 4 2 4 2
( ) 4 3 ( )Ca PO H PO Ca H PO+ + →
5.
4 3 2 4 4 2 4 3
2 ( ) ( ) 2
o
t
NH N O H SO d NH SO HNO
+ → +
6.
200
4 3 2 2 2
2 2 4
o
C
NH NO N O H O→ + +
7.
4 3 3 3 2
o
t
NH NO NaOH NaNO NH H O
+ → + ↑ +
8.
850
3 2 2

,
4 5 4 6
o
o
C
Pt t
NH O NO H O
+ → +
9.
3 2 2 2
4 3 2 6NH O N H O
+ → +
10.
3000
2 2
2
o
C
N O NO
+
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ †ˆ
‡ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆˆ
11.
2 2
2 2NO O NO
+
ˆ ˆ†
‡ ˆˆ
12.
2 2 3

3 2NO H O HNO NO
+ → +
Hoặc
2 2 2 3
4 2 4NO O H O HNO
+ + →
13.
( )
3 3 2 2
3
10 36 10 3 18Al HNO Al NO N H O
+ → + +
14.
400
2 2 3
2
o
C
Fe
N H NH+
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ†
‡ ˆ ˆ ˆˆ
15.
3 2 2 2
4 3 2 6NH O N H O
+ → +
16.
850
3 2 2
4 5 4 6

o
C
Pt
NH O NO H O
+ → +
17.
3 2 4
NH H O NH OH
+ →
18.
4 3 2
o
t
NH OH NH H O
→ +
19.
4 4 2
NH OH HCl NH Cl H O
+ → +
20.
4 3 2
o
t
NH Cl NaOH NaCl NH H O
+ → + ↑ +
21.
3 3 4 3
NH HN O NH NO
+ →
22.

350
4 3 2 2 2
1
2
2
o
C
NH NO N O H O
→ + +
23.
200
4 3 2 2
2
o
C
NH NO N O H O
→ +
24.
3000
2 2
2
o
C
N O NO
+
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ †ˆ
‡ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆˆ
25.
2 2
2 2NO O NO

+
ˆ ˆ†
‡ ˆˆ
26.
2 2 3
3 2NO H O HNO NO
+ → +
27.
3 3 2 2 2
4 ( ) 2
dd
Cu HNO Cu NO NO H O
+ → + +
Hoặc
3 3 3 2 2
6 ( ) 3 3Al HNO Al NO NO H O
+ → + +
28.
3 2 3 2 2
2 ( ) ( ) 2HNO Cu OH Cu NO H O
+ → +
29.
3 2 2 3
( ) 2 ( ) 2Cu NO KOH Cu OH KNO+ → ↓ +
30.
3 2 2
1
2
o
t

KNO KNO O
→ +
31.
2 3 2 2
2 2NO KOH KNO KNO H O
+ → + +