LI THUYET ON THI TN

Priod 1
st
,2
nd
, 3rd A . TENSES. Preparing:20/10/2009
Teaching:21/10/2009
I.Aim
_ help students review the present tenses and past tenses through doing exercises
II.materials
Esercise books, hand out
PRESENT TENSES
I-Simple present :
*Examples : Put the following verbs in the correct tense
1-How often you ( read ) a newspaper ? - Every morning
2-She ( have) coffee for breakfast every morning.
3-The Sun always ( rise) in the east .
4-The concert ( start) at 7.30 this evening.
5-My brother ( not/ like ) learning English.
6-We ( live) in Van Yen now.
*Keys : 1. do you read 2. has 3. rises
4. starts 5. doesnt like 6. live
A/ Structures :
- Affermative form :
S + V- s/es + (S : singular )
- Negative form :
S + dont/ doesnt + V +
- Interogative form :
Do/ Does + S + V .? -Yes , S + do/ does
- No, S + don t/ doesn t
B/ Usage :
- Thời hiện tại đơn diễn tả :

+ hành động xảy ra lặp đi lặp lại, thời gian biểu cố định.
+ thói quen, sở thích, sự việc tổng quát mang tính chất lâu dài vĩnh cửu.
+ một sự thật hiển nhiên, một chân lý.
C/ Adverbs of time :
Today, nowadays, everyday, everyweek, everymonth, everyyear, everynight, every morning, everysunday,
everysaturday afternoon, , always, often, usually,
sometimes, occationally, rarely, never, twice a week, once a year, three times a month.
(Give Vietnamese meaning if students dont know ).
II- Present continuous :
*Examples : Put the following verbs in the correct tense
1- Hurry ! The bus (come) . I (not/ want) to miss it.
2- Listen ! Somebody (sing).
3- I (look) for Christine. Do you know where she is?
4- You are very excited about going on holiday to Thailand. What do you say to your friends ? - Next
Sunday , I (fly). to Thailand
5- She (not/ listen) to you at the moment.
6- What you (do) now?
* Keys :
1- is coming- dont want 2- is singing
3- am looking 4- am flying
5- is not listening 6- are you doing
A/ Structures:
-Affermative form :
S + am/ is / are + v-ing
- Negative form :
S + am not / isn t/ aren t + V-ing
1
- Interogative form :

Am / Is/ Are + S + V- ing ? Yes , S + be

- No, S + be not
B/ Usage :
Thời hiện tại tiếp diễn diễn tả :
- hành động đang xảy ra trong lúc nói hoặc đang xảy ra ở hiện tại (hành động mang tính chất tạm
thời ).
- hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tơng lai đợc xắp đặt dự tính trớc.
C/ Adverbs of time :
- now, right now ( ngay bây giờ ), at the moment = at this moment, at the present time, tomorrow.
III- Present perfect :
Examples : Put the following verbs in the correct tense
1- He (try) to learn English for years , but he (not/ succeed) yet
2- You ever (be) to Srilanka ? Not yet.
3- Not worry ! I already( lock ) the door.
4- We (learn) English since we were in grade 6
5- She just (have) some very good news.
6- I cant find my bicycle . I think someone (steal) it.
Keys :
1. has tried hasnt succeeded 2- Have you ever been
3- have already locked 4- have learnt
5.has just had 6- has stolen
A- Structures:
- Affirmative form:
S + have/ has + P
II
( V-ed/d: cột 3 bảng ĐTBQT)
- Negative form :
S + haven t / hasn t + P
II
- Interogative form :
Have / Has + S + P

II
.? - Yes, S + have/ has
- No, S + haven t/ hasn t
*Note : Viết tắt : have = ve ; has = s
B- Usage :
Thời hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả :
- hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ không xác định rõ thời gian.
- hành động vừa mới xảy ra hoặc cha xảy ra.
- đã xảy ra trong quá khứ nhng vẫn tiếp diễn đến hiện tại hoặc tơng lai.
C/ Adverbs of time :
* already, just, ever, never (đứng trớc PII)
* yet, recently = lately, so far = up to now, before, up to the present = till now (cho đến bây giờ), all ones
life (all my life : cả cuộc đời).
*for : ( a period of time khoảng thời gian ) for a week , for over 10 months.
*since: ( a point of time mốc thời gian ) since 8 a.m
*since + clause ( simple past ) since I was in grade 6
*It is the first time / it is the second time + clause ( present perfect) : This is the first time Ive seen that film
IV-Present perfect continuous :
A- Structures :
(+)
S + have/ has + been + V-ing .
(-)
S + haven t/ hasn t + been + V-ing
(?)
2

Have/ Has + S + been + V-ing ?
- Yes, S + have/ has ; - No, S + haven t/ hasn t
B- Examples:
1. You look tired . What have you been doing ? Ive been playing football

2 They have been going out a lot recently .
3. I can smell alcohol . Have you been drinking?
4. His secretary has been writing for four hours.
5. The boy has been sleeping all afternoon
C- Usages :
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn diễn tả :
- hành động hay sự việc xảy ra liên tục trong một khoảng thời gian gần với hiện tại hay vừa mới kết thúc
ngay trớc thời điểm hiện tại.
- nhấn mạnh hành động hay độ dài thời gian hoặc tính liên tục của một hành động hay sự việc.
D- Adverbs :
Có thể dùng tất cả các trạng từ của thì hiện tại hoàn thành, ngoài ra hay sử dụng các trạng từ: all day, all
afternoon, all (ones ) life, for a long time,

PAST TENSES
I- Simple past :
Examples : Put the following verbs in the correct tense
1- Yesterday afternoon, they ( play ) football.
2- She ( leave ) school 20 years ago.
3- We ( do ) our homework last night .
4- You ( hear ) the thunder last night ? - No , I ( not/ hear ) anything all night.
I ( be ) asleep .
5- Ms Mai ( live) here last year.
* KEYS :
1- played 2- left 3- did
4- Did you hear - didnt hear - was 5- lived
A- Structures :
- Affirmative form :
S + V- ed/ d (Cột 2- bảng ĐTBQT )
- Negative form
S + didn t + V

- Interogative form

Did / Didn t + S + V ?
- Yes , S + did
- No , S + didn t
B/ Usage :
Thời quá khứ đơn diễn tả hành động xảy ra dứt điểm ở một thời gian xác định trong quá khứ, không liên
quan đến hiện tại.
C/ Adverbs of time :
Yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last month,
last year, last Sunday, last century, last Sunday morning, last Saturday evening, , ago , in (2000 ), the other
day ( ngày nọ )
II- Past continuous :
Examples : Put the following verbs in the correct tense
1- We ( watch ) TV at 8.30 p m yesterday
2- He ( not / learn ) his lesson at 7 oclock yesterday evening.
3- What you ( do ) when the light went out?
3
4- While I ( walk ) home last night , I ( find ) a wallet.
5- At 9 a m yesterday, when I came home, my mother ( wash ) up, my father ( do) the gardening and
my brothers ( play ) football in the yard.
* KEYS :
1, were watching 2, wasnt learning 3, were you doing
4, was working 5- was washing- was doing were playing
A/ Structures :
- Affirmative form :
S + was / were + V- ing .
- Negative form :

S + wasn t / weren t + V- ing

- Interogative form :
Was / were + S + V- ing ?
- Yes , S + was / were
- No , S + wasn t / weren t
B/ Usage :
Thời quá khứ tiếp diễn diễn tả :
- hành động đang diễn ra ở một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ (có giờ giấc cụ thể).
- hành động đang diễn ra thì có hành động khác chen vào.
- hai hay nhiều hành động đang cùng xảy ra ở cùng một thời điểm frong quá khứ.
C/ Adverbs of time :
This time yesterday, at this (that) time , at 9 p.m yesterday = at 9 oclock yesterday afternoon , at 7.30 a.m
last Monday = at 7.30 last Monday morning. , when _ clause
( past tense - hành động chen vào ) .
Piriod 4
th
, 5
th
, 6
th

Preparing:4/11/2009
Teaching:5/11/2009
I.Aims
-help students to review the past perfect tenses and the future tenses
- do extra exercises
II.Materials
Exercise books, handouts
III.procedure
I - Past perfect :
Examples : Verb form

1- They all ( leave ) the meeting room when Joe ( arrive )
2- How long you ( work ) for the company before you changed your job?
3- I ( not / have ) a shower before breakfast this morning.
4- Henry ( live ) in New York for 10 years before he (move) to Chicago last month
5- Carol ( miss ) her plane yesterday because of a traffic jam on her way to the airport. By the time she
( get ) to the airport , her plane already ( leave ).
KEYS :
1. had left arrived 2- had you worked
3. hadnt had 4- had lived - moved
5- missed - got - had already left .
A/ Structures :
- Affermative form :
S + had + P
II
(V- ed/d , cột 3 bảng ĐTBQT )
4
- Negative form :
S + hadn t + P
II

- Interogative form :
Had / Hadn t + S + P
II
.?
- Yes , S + had /- No , S + hadn t
B/ Usage:
Thời quá khứ hoàn thành diễn tả :
- hành động xảy ra trớc một thời điểm trong quá khứ .
- hành động xảy ra trớc một hành động khác trong quá khứ .
(Chú ý : Hành động nào xảy ra trớc thì động từ chia ở thời quá khứ hoàn thành, hành động nào xảy ra sau thì

động từ chia ở thời quá khứ đơn).
C/ Adverbs of time :
- Trạng từ thờng dùng : Có thể dùng trạng từ của thời hiện tại hoàn thành.
- Ngoài ra còn hay sử dụng các trạng từ sau :
- after : ( sau, sau khi ) ; before ( trớc, trớc khi) ; by the time ( vào lúc ) ;
as soon as ( ngay sau khi ).
FUTURE TENSES .
I-Simple future :
Examples: Verb form
1- They ( see) you next Monday .
2- The teacher hopes we ( pass) our exams
3- He says that he (not/go ) to Ha Noi next week
4- Its rather hot here . you (open ) the window , please ?
5- I need some money Dont worry , I ( lend ) you some
KEYS
1. will see
2. will/ shall pass
3. wont go (will not go )
4. Will you open ( Can/ Could you open)
5. will/ shall lend
A-Structures :
- Affirmative form:

S + will/ shall + V
- Negative form :
S + won t/ shan t + V
- Interogative form :
Will /Shall + S + V ?
- Yes, S + will/ shall
- No, S + won t/ shan t

Note : - I/We + will/ shall ( nghi vấn chỉ dùng: shall )
- Viết tắt : will/shall = ll ; will not = wont ; shall not = shant
B-Usage :
Thì tơng lai đơn giản điễn tả
- hành động sẽ xảy ra ở một thời điểm xác định trong tơng lai.
- hành động sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tơng lai đợc quyết định ngay trong lúc nói (không có sự chuẩn bị trớc)
- lời yêu cầu đề nghị, lời hứa, gợi ý, mong đợi hoặc hy vọng đối với sự việc trong tơng lai.
C- Adverbs of time :
- tomorrow, tomorrow night, tomorrow morning, tomorrow affternoon, tomorrow evening, next week, next
month, next year, next summer, next Sunday, next summer holiday, next Saturday evening, next Sunday
5
morning , in 5 minutes ( 5 phút nữa ), in 2 hours (2 tiếng nữa), in some days ( vài ngày nữa ), in several
weeks (vài tuần nữa), in 2025 ( vào năm 2025 ), in the future.
II- Near future :
* Examples :
1- Look at those dark clouds ! It ( rain)
2- Ive got two tickets. I ( watch ) a football match this afternoon.
3- You can borrow this calculator, I ( not/ need ) it
4- He has lost his mountain bike . he ( buy) a new one?
KEYS :
1, is going to rain 3, am not going to need
2- am going to watch 4, Is he going to buy
A- Structures :
- Affirmative form :
S + am/is/are + going to + V +
- Negative form :

S + amnot/ isn t / aren t + going to + V +
- Interogative form :

Am/Is/Are + S + going to + V + ?
- Yes, S + am /is / are
- No, S + amnot/ isn t/ aren t
B-Usage:
Thì tơng lai gần diễn tả hành động sắp sửa xảy ra hoặc một dự định sắp tới (thờng đợc dùng trong câu không
có cụm từ chỉ thời gian), tất cả các hành động này đợc sắp đặt dự tính trớc hoặc biết trớc.
C-Adverbs of time :
Tomorrow , ( ít dùng )
III- Future perfect tense :
A- Structures :
(+)
S + will / shall + have + P
II
+
(-)
S + won t / shan t + have + P
II
+
(?)
Will/ Shall + S + have + P
II
+ ?
Yes, S + will / No , S + won t
B- Examples :
1- Ill have finished my work by noon.
2- They will have built that house by July next year.
3- When you come back, Ill have finished the housework.
4- Well have lived here for 5 years in June next year
5- By this time tomorrow, I will have met him in Ha noi.
C. Usages :

Thì tơng lai hoàn thành diễn tả :
- hành động hay sự việc xảy ra hay hoàn tất tại hoặc trớc một thời điểm hoặc một sự việc nào đó trong t-
ơng lai.
- sự việc nào đó đã xảy ra nhng vẫn còn tiếp tục đến một thời điểm nào đó trong tơng lai ( ví dụ 4)
D. Adverbs :
By + mốc thời gian, by then ( vào lúc đó), by the time, by this time, by the end of the meeting today, .


Date of preparing:6/1/2010
6
Date of teaching:7/1/2010
Class 12C5,12C6 .priod 7
th
,8
th
,9
th

GERUND AND INFINITIVE
I .Aims: ss revise the usages and the forms of gerund and infinitive
II.Teaching aids:teaching plan.handouts
III.Stages:
1- Gerund :
Danh động từ là một từ vừa có chức năng danh từ vừa có chức năng động từ.
- Form :
V- ing
Function :
1- Subject :
Eg : +) Learning English is very difficult It is difficult to learn English
S

+) Smoking is harmful to your health It is harmful to your health to smoke
S
+) Making a noise in class is not good It is not good to make a noise in class
S
* Cấu trúc chủ ngữ giả : ( Đổi tơng đơng 3 ví dụ trên )
Structure:
It + be + adj + to + V +
2- Object :
Eg : +) She hates learning English
Obj
+) They like playing video games
Obj
+) I enjoy listening to music
Obj
3- After preposition :
V + pre + V-ing :
Eg : +) Lets go on learning the lesson
+) My husband gave up smoking 2 weeks ago
to be + adj + pre + V-ing
Eg: +) He is interested in playing football
+) I am sorry for being late
4- Complement ( after to be )
- My passion in life is studying
- Childrens hobby is watching cartoons and eating sweets
- His habit is smoking
5- Idiom structure : ( Cấu trúc thành ngữ)
Eg: +) Its no use doing like that
+) Her story is very funny , I cant help laughing .
+) Its no use giving money to a gamble ( cho tiền kẻ cờ bạc chỉ vô ích thôi )
6- With the verb : to have

- have (any) problems / have trouble + V-ing
- have fun / have a good time + V-ing
- have difficulty + V-ing
- have a hard time / have a difficult time + V-ing
Eg: + The police had some problems finding the lost boy
(Cảnh sát đã gặp vài khó khăn tìm đứa con trai bị thất lạc )
+ Tom had a good time working with children ( Tom thích thú làm việc với trẻ con )
2- Infinitive :
7
A- Form :
TO + V
Function :
1- Subject :
Eg : + To be a famous doctor in the future is my desire ( mong muốn, khát vọng-N/V)
+ To visit her was all that I desired
+ To act like that is childish
2- Object:
Eg: + My son pretends to sleep in order not to wash the dishes
+What do you want to know ?
+Do you intend to change your job ?
3- Complement : (after to be )
Eg : + My first thought is to phone the police
+ Her dream is to have a suitable job
+ His greatest wish is to tell her everything
+What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand
4- Infinitive after adjective :
Eg : + Im glad to see you again
+ He is not old enough to drive
+ Its very boring to listen to his story
5- after the first, the second, , the last , the only, the best or superlative with one

Eg : + He was the first student to visit her
+She is the only one to give the correct answer
+ I was the first guest to arrive there
6- Expressing purpose : ( usually after N/ adv )
Eg : + We are saving money to go on holiday next summer
+ I try to study well to please my parents
+ She learns English in a university to have a good job in the future
7- After WH-words with some verbs :
remember, forget, explain, understand, know, decide.
Eg : - Have you decided where to stay?
- I dont know whether to stay or to go .
- The teacher explained how to use the computer
B- Form :
V ( without TO )
Thờng đợc sử dụng với các động từ chỉ giác quan và 1 số động từ khác .
* to watch , to feel, to see + sb/st + V
* to think , to hear + sb/st +V
* to let + sb + do + st = to allow sb to do st : Cho phép ai làm gì
* to make/ to have+ sb+ do+ st =to force sb to do st: Bắt, buộc ai làm gì
* to help + sb + do + st : Giúp ai làm gì
* would rather( not) + V + than + V prefer+V-ing + to +V-ing :
thích hơn
* had better (not) + V = should + V = ought to + V : nên
Viết tắt : would rather = d rather ; had better = d better
Eg : - I watched her leave out her house .
- We felt someone follow us .
- I heard something break out
- I saw him steal her bag
- I think him love her
- He helped me learn maths .

- Id rather drive than ride I prefer driving to riding
- Youd better study harder
8
Note : to have sb do st khác to have st to do
Eg : - I have my son stay at home
- I have some books to read
III Both gerund and infinitive :
A) Same meaning :
to begin, to start, to love, to like , to continue .
Eg: - It starts to rain It starts raining
- I like reading (chỉ sở thích ) I like to read ( chỉ mục đich) ( nhng nghĩa tiếng Việt giống nhau )
B) Different meaning:
To stop, to remember, to forget , to regret ( tiếc ), try( thử, cố gắng), mean ( cố ý, có nghĩa), go on( tiếp tục )
Eg : + His father stopped smoking 1 year ago. ( chỉ sự việc đã qua )
+ The driver stopped to have lunch ( chỉ mục đích của sự việc )
+ She tried making a cake ( thử)
+ She tries to speak English (cố gắng)
+ I remember meeting him = tôi nhớ là đã gặp anh ta
+ Remember to turn off the light when leaving the room = nhớ tắt điện khi ra khỏi phòng .
C/ To NEED, WANT, REQUIRE, DESERVE (đáng, xứng đáng) + V-ing bao hàm nghĩa bị động khi chủ
ngữ là từ chỉ vật, sự việc.
Eg: - This room needs cleaning = This room needs to be cleaned
- Your hair needs cutting = Your hair needs to be cut
- The dog wanted eating = The dog wanted to be eaten
I-GERUND:
1/ V + V-ing ( 54 words )
- like - thích
- enjoy - thích, thởng thức
- love - yêu , thích
- prefer - thích hơn

- dislike - không thích
- hate - ghét, căm thù
- begin - bắt đầu
- start - bất đầu
- finish - hoàn thành, xong
- stop - dừng, kết thúc
- mind - ngại, fiền, nề hà
- continue - tiếp tục
- practise - luyện tập, thực hành
- suggest - đề nghị
- quit - dừng , thôi
- forget - quên
- remember - nhớ
- consider - nghĩ, coi nh
- admit - nhận, thu nhận
- avoid - tránh
- miss - nhớ, lỡ, bỏ qua
- mention - đề cập
- escape - trốn thoát
- permit - cho fép
- prevent - ngăn cản
- report - kể lại , công bố
- keep - giữ
- deny - từ chối, fủ nhận
- delay - hoãn, trì hoãn
- regret - tiếc, lấy làm tiếc
- propose - đề nghị, dự tính
- appreciate - cảm kích, đánh giá
- imagine - tởng tợng
- resist - chống lại, kháng cự

- resume - lấy lại, chiếm lại
- detest - ghét
- forgive - tha thứ
- acknowledge - nhận, thừa nhận
- discuss - thảo luận
- endure - chịu, chịu đựng
- justify - bào chữa, biện bạch
- recall - gọi về, nhớ lại
- resent - tức tối, bực bội
- fancy - muốn, thích, nghĩ rằng
- risk - liều, mạo hiểm
- explain - giảng, giải thích
- support - ủng hộ, xác nhận
- celeberate - kỷ niệm, ca tụng
- tolerate - tha thứ, chịu đựng
- prohibit - cấm, cấm chỉ
- recommend - giới thiệu, khuyên
- understand - hiểu
- postpone - hoãn, trì hoãn
- discontinue - ngừng, đình chỉ
2/ Idioms ( thành ngữ )
* cant help + V-ing / couldnt help + V-ing : không thể không, không thể nhịn đợc
9
* cant stand + V-ing = cant bear + V-ing : không thể chịu đợc
* Its no use + V-ing : vô ích
* Its worth + V-ing : đáng, bõ công
3/ to be + adj + pre + V-ing ( 52 structures )
- to be interested in - thích
- to be fond of - thích
- to be keen on - say mê, thích

- to be tired of = to get tired of chán
- to be bored with - chán, buồn
- to be fed up with - chán ngấy
- to be afraid of - sợ
- to be sorry for - xin lỗi
- to be busy with - bận
- to be used to = to get used to - quen với
- to be amused at - vui thích
- to be aware of - biết, nhận biết
- to be (in)capable of - có khả năng,có tài
- to be careful about/in - cẩn thận
- to be careless of - ẩu ,cẩu thả
- to be different from - khác
- to be excited about - hứng khởi
- to be good/ bad at - giỏi/kém về
- to be proud of - tự hào
- to be frightened of - sợ, sợ hãi
- to be delighted at - vui xớng
- to be pleased at - hài lòng
- to be successful at / in - thành công
- to be surprised at - ngạc nhiên
- to be thankful for - cảm ơn
- to be certain of - nhất định, chắc chắn
- to be absorbed in - thu hút, cuốn hút
- to be accustomed to - quen với(thuộc)
- to be ashamed of - xấu hổ, ngợng
- to be clever at - thông minh, giỏi
- to be (un)conscious of - có ý thức, biết
- to be content with vừa lòng, thoả mãn
- to be embarrassed at - lúng túng, bối rối

- to be fortunate in - may mắn
- to be furious at - giận dữ
- to be given to - có thói quen
- to be grateful for - biết ơn
- to be happy in / at - hạnh phúc, vui vẻ
- to be intent on - có ý định, miệt mài
- to be nice about - khó tính, câu nệ
- to be right in -
- to be scared at / of - sợ, hoảng sợ
- to be set on - tấn công
- to be sick of - chán, ngấy
- to be skilled in / at - khéo léo, thành thạo
?- to be slow in - chậm, chậm chạp
- to be sure of -
- to be wrong in - lầm, nhầm
- to be annoyed at/with :quấy rầy,bựcmình
- to be responsible for - chịu trách nhiệm
- to be upset at -
- to be far from - xa
4/ V + pre + V-ing
- give up + V-ing = get rid of + V- ing : Từ bỏ , bỏ
- go on = carry on = keep on + V-ing : Tiếp tục
- put off + V-ing : Trì hoãn, hoãn
- look forward to + V-ing : Trông đợi, mong chờ
- long for + V-ing : Mong mỏi, ớc ao
- think of/ about + V-ing : Nghĩ
- apologise for + V-ing : Xin lỗi
- believe in + V-ing : Tin, tin tởng
- dream of + V-ing : mơ về
-depend on = belong to + V-ing : fụ thuộc

- object to + V-ing : phản đối
- succeed in + V-ing : thành công
II- INFINITIVE ( 78 words )
- advise - khuyên , bảo
- agree - đồng ý
- arrange - xắp xếp, thu xếp
- ask - hỏi, yêu cầu
- appear - xuất hiện,
- afford - có đủ khả năng/điều kiện
- allow - cho fép
- assume - cho rằng, thừanhận,giả bộ
- attempt - cố thử
- beg - xin, van nài
- cause - gây ra, làm cho
- challenge - thách, thách thức
- command - ra lệnh, chỉ huy
- compel - buộc, ép
10
- believe - tin, tin tởng
- cease = stop - dừng, ngùng,thôi
- choose - chọn, chọn lựa
- come - đến
- decide - quyết định
- expect - mong đợi, hy vọng
- fail - trợt, thất bại, hỏng
- find - tìm, thấy
- get - làm cho, nhờ
- help - giúp đỡ, giúp
- hope - hy vọng
- happen - tình cờ, xảy ra

- intend - định
- invite - mời
- know - biết
- offer - đề nghị, tỏ ý muốn
- prepare - chuẩn bị
- promise - hứa
- pretend - giả vờ
- learn - học
- need - cần
- refuse - từ chối
- seem - dờng nh, có vẻ
- teach - dạy
- tell - kể, bảo, nói
- think - nghĩ
- try - cố gắng
- understand - hiểu
- want - muốn
- wish - ớc, ớc ao
- would like - thích, muốn
- would prefer - thích hơn
- demand - yêu cầu, đòi, cần
- determine - quyết tâm
- desire - ớc, ớc muốn
- enable - làm cho có thể
- encourage - động viên
- fear - sợ, kinh sợ
- forbid - cấm, không cho fép
- force - ép buộc, cỡng ép
- guess - đoán, fỏng đoán
- hesitate - lỡng lự, do dự

- instruct - chỉ dẫn , cho biết
- lead - dẫn đến, lãnh đạo
- long - mong mỏi, ớc ao
- manage - quản lý, điều hành, xoay sở
- mean - muốn nói, có nghĩa là
- neglect - sao lãng, lơ là, quên
- observe - quan sát, tuân theo
- omit - bỏ đi, bỏ sót, quên
- order - ra lệnh,sắp đặt
- persuade - thuyết fục
- plan - đặt/ lập kế hoạch
- prove - chứng minh(tỏ),tỏ ra
- strive - cố gắng, nỗ lực, đấu tranh
- suspect - nghi, nghi ngờ
- swear - thề
- remind - nhắc(nhở),làm nhớ lại
- tempt - xúi(giục), cám dỗ
- tend - có khuynh hớng
- trust - tin, tin cậy, tín nhiệm
- threaten - đe doạ , doạ
- urge - thúc giục, giục
- warn - báo trớc, cảnh báo

PRESENT PARTICIPLE - Hiện tại phân từ
Hiện tại phân từ có dạng giống nh danh động từ :
V- ING
Usage:
1- A part of the continuous form of a verb.
Eg: + I am working
+ She was dancing

2- After verbs of movement/ position in the pattern :
V + V-ing
with some verbs : to go, to run, to come, to sit, to stand.
Eg : + She goes shopping everyday
+ He came running towards me
+ He sat staring at the photo of his father
(Anh ấy ngồi nhìn chằm chằm vào ảnh bố)
+ People ran screaming for help ( Dân chúng chạy la hét cầu cứu )
This consttuction is particularly useful with the verbs : to go , such as : go diving, go swimming, go fishing,
go camping ,
3- After verbs of perception( nhận thức, tri giác) in the partern :
11
V + Obj + V-ing
Eg : - I heard someone playing the guitar
- I can smell something burning
Note : Có sự khác nhau về nghĩa trong trờng hợp này khi ta dùng present participle hoặc bare infinitive :
Infinitive chỉ hành động đã hoàn thành còn present participle chỉ hành động cha hoàn thành hoặc là một fần
của hành động .
- Compare :
Eg : + I heard Mai playing the piano ( incomplete action )
+ I heard Mai play the piano ( complete action )
4- With the verbs : SPEND & WASTE in the patterns
V + time/ money expression + V-ing
Eg : + I spend 2 hours a day travelling to work
+ Dont waste time playing computer games
+ Theyve spent $ 4000 buying that watch
5- With the verbs : CATCH , FIND in the pattern
V + Obj + V-ing
Eg : - The detective caught him stealing the watch
- We found the dog lying on the chair

6-To replace a sentence or part of a sentence:
a/ Khi 2 hành động cùng xảy ra 1 lúc & cùng 1 chủ ngữ :
Eg : - He sang to himself . He walked down the road
Singing to himself, he walked down the road
b/ Có thể thay thế cho since, as, because
Eg : + Feeling tired, he went to bed early
+ Knowing that she likes roses, he gave her a bunch of red roses on her birthday

PERFECT GERUND & PERFECT PARTICIPLE
( Danh động từ hoàn thành & phân từ hoàn thành )
Usage:
Danh động từ hoàn thành & phân từ hoàn thành đợc dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy ra trớc một hành động khác
trong quá khứ .
HAVING + P
II
Eg :- In spire of having learnt it carefully, he couldnt remember it all
perfect gerund
- He was accused of having deserted his ship (Anh ta bị tố cáo đã bỏ trốn khỏi tàu)
perfect gerund
- Having bought a bike , she cycled home
Perfect participle
- Having failed twice, he didnt want to try again
Perfect participle
- Switching off the lights, we went to bed
Having switched off the lights, we went to bed
Period 10
th
, 11
th
, 12th Preparing:11/3/2010

Teaching:12/3/2010
Class 12 C5
12
A.Aims
Help students to review passive voice with tenses
B.Materials
Exercise books, handouts
C.Procedure

PASSIVE VOICE
I- Form:
+ Active sentence:
C©u chñ ®éng lµ c©u cã chñ ng÷ lµm chñ hµnh ®éng.
+ Passive sentence:
C©u bÞ ®éng lµ c©u cã chñ ng÷ tiÕp nhËn hµnh ®éng.
+ Basic structure :
TO BE + P
II
( V-ed/ cét 3 )
*C¸ch ®æi c©u chñ ®éng sang bÞ ®éng
Active sent > Passive sent
S + V + O > S + TO BE + P2 + ( BY + O )
II - The present passive :
1- Simple present :
( +)
S + am/is/are + P
II
+ (by + O )
( - )
S + amnot/isn t/aren t +P’ ’

II
+(by + O)
( ?)
Am/Is/Are + S + P
II
+ ( by + O) ?
2- Present continuous :
(+)
S + am/is/are + being + P
II
+(by +O)
(-)
S + amnot/isn t/aren t + being +P ’ ’
II
+ (by + O)
(?)
Am/Is/Are + S + being +P
II
+ ( by + O)?
3-Present perfect :
(+)
S + have/has + been + P
II
+( by + O )
(-)
S + haven t/hasn t + been + P ’ ’
II
+( by + O)
(?)
Have/Has + S + been + P

II
+ ( by + O )?
7- The past passive:
4-Simple past :
( +)
S + was/ were + P
II
+ (by + O )
(- )
S + wasn t/ weren t + P ’ ’
II
+ (by + O )
( ? )
Was/Were + S + P
II
+( by + O ) ?
5-Past continuous :
(+)
S + was/were + being + P
II
+(by + O)
(-)
13
S + wasn t/weren t + being + P’ ’
II
+ ( by+ O ) ?
( ? )
Was/ Were + S + being + P
II
+ (by + O ) ?

6- Past perfect :
( +)
S + had + been + P
II
+ (by + O )
( - )
S + hadn t + been + P ’
II
+ ( by +O )
( ?)
Had + S + been + P
II
+ ( by + O ) ?
IV-The future passive
7- Simple future :
( +)
S + will/shall + be + P
II
+ ( by + O )
(-)
S + won t/shan t + be + P ’ ’
II
+ ( by +O )
(?)
Will/Shall +S + be + P
II
+ ( by + O ) ?
8- Near future :
(+)
S + am/is/are + going to + be + P

II
+ (by + O )
(-)
S + amnot/isn t/aren t + going to + be + P’ ’
II
+(by+O)?
(?)
Am/Is/Are + S + going to + be + P
II
+ ( by + O ) ?
9- Future perfect :
( +)
S + will/shall + have + been + P
II
+ (by + O )
(-)
S + won t/ shan t + have + been +P ’ ’
II
+ (by + O)
(?)
Will/Shall + S + have + been + P
II
+ (by + O)?
V-Modal verbs : Can, may, must, could, might, have to, ought to, used to, should
(+)
S + can/ must + be + P
II
+ (by + O)
(-)
S + can t/ mustn t + be + P ’ ’

II
+ (by + O)
(?)
Can/Could + S + be + P
II
+ (by +O ) ?

Period 13
th
, 14
th
, 15
th

Preparing:16/3/2010
Teaching:17/3/2010
14
A.Aims
Help students review some special passive
B.Teaching aids
Exercise books, handouts
C.Procedure
Some other passive
1- Causative forms ( Dạng nhờ bảo ) TO GET / TO HAVE
Eg : + I had him repair my bicycle yesterday I had my bicycle repaired yesterday
+ I get her to make some coffee I get some coffee made
Structure :
Active
S + have/ get + sb + V/ to+V + st
Passive

S + have/get + st + P
II
( + by + O )
2- Verbs of perception : see, watch, hear, ( động từ chỉ nhận thức/ giác quan) &
Passive with HELP, HAVE, LET , MAKE ( see the Gerund & Infinitive part )
Eg : -They made him work all day He was made to work all day
- He wont let you do that silly thing again
You wont be let/ allowed to do that silly thing again
Eg : + They saw her come in She was seen to come in
+ I think him love her He is thought to love her by me
=>Structure:
Active :
S + see / watch/ help + Obj + V +
Passive:
S + to be + P
II
+ TO + V +(by + O)
3- Passive command: ( Bị động thể mệnh lệnh )
Eg : + Write your name here Let your name be written here
+ Open your books Let your books be opened
+ Dont do that silly thing again ! Dont let that silly thing be done again .
Structure:
Active:
V / Don t V + Obj +
Passive :
Let/ Don t let + Obj + be + P
II
+
4- Verbs of opinion : say( said ) , think ( thought) , believe ( believed) , report (reported) , understand
( understood ), feel (felt), find ( found), know( known), .:

Basic structure :
It is/was said that Ngời ta nói / nghĩ rằng
S + be + said + to + V
a/ Main clause and Objective clause are the same tense
Eg : - People say that he is a famous doctor
Main clause Obj clause
It is said that he is a famous doctor He is said to be a famous doctor
- People say that health is more precious than gold
It is said that health is more precious than gold
Health is said to be more precious than gold
- People believe that he has information which will be useful to the police
It is believed that he has information which will be useful to the police
He is believed to have information which will be useful to the police
- People said that he was jealous of her Ngời ta nói rằng anh ta ghen với chị ắy
15
It was said that he was jealous of her He was said to be jealous of her
Structure :
It + be + P
II
+ that + clause - Nhấn mạnh ý cả câu
S + be + P
II
+ to + V - Nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ
b/ Main clause and Objective clause are different tense:
Eg : + They know that the prisoner escaped from the jail( ngục)
It is known that the prisoner escaped from the jail
The prisoner is believed to have escaped from the jail
+ People say that he was a policeman
It is said that he was a policeman He is said to have been a policeman
Structure :

S + be + P
II
(V1) + to have + P
II
(V2 )
5- Passive infinitive: ( Bị động động từ nguyên mẫu)
Form : a)
TO BE + P
II
Eg :+ He wants his brother to put garbage in the dusbins
He wants garbage to be put in the dusbins by his brother
+ People expect everyone to observe traffic laws (Ngời ta mong mọi ngời tuân thủ luật lệ giao thông )
People expect traffic laws to be observed
+ He expected his uncle to meet him at the station
He expected to be met at the station by his uncle
+ I expect my son to learn maths well
I expect maths to be learnt well by my son
b)
SHOULD BE + P
II
Chú ý : Chỉ đợc sử dụng với các động từ : decide, agree, disagree, determine, demand, be anxious, be
determined.
Eg :+ They urged the government to build more roads
( Họ thúc giục chính phủ làm nhiều đờng hơn )
They urged the government that more roads should be built
+ They agreed to ban impracticable project
( Họ đã đồng ý huỷ bỏ dự án bất khả thi)
They agreed that impracticable project should be banned
6- Passive Gerund : ( Bị động danh động từ )
Form : a)

being + P
II
/ not being + P
II
Examples :
+) Kate enjoys phoning Jane . Jane enjoyed being phoned by Kate
+) The teacher is keen on including the new students in the school activities
The new students are keen on being included in the school activitives
+) We remember Mr Ba telling us that story We remember being told that story
+) I like everybody loving me I like being loved ( by everybody)
* He is afraid of being beaten by his father because he sometimes plays truant
* My father looks forward to being warmly greeted at the meeting
(Bố tôi mong đợi đợc nhiệt liệt chào đón ở buổi họp )
*He went to the party without being invited
He got angry for not having been told that result
( Anh ấy tức giận vì không đợc cho biết kết quả đó )
b)
should + be + P
II
Examples:
16
-They suggested fixing lights in classrooms ( Họ đề nghị lắp đèn ở các phòng học )
They suggested that lights should be fixed in classrooms
- My husband considers changing his job
My husband considers that his job should be changed
Period 16
th
,17
th
, 18

th
Preparing: 25/03/2009
Teaching: 27/03/2009
I.Aims
Help students review adjectives , advebs and comparisons
II.Materials
Exercise books, Text book, handout
III.Procedure

ADJECTIVES, ADVERBS AND COMPARISONS
I-Adjectives and Adverbs :
1. The usage :
- Tính từ luôn đứng trớc danh từ
- Tính từ đứng sau To BE
- Trạng từ dùng trong câu có động từ thờng
- Trạng từ đứng trớc tính từ
Eg:
+ She is a careful driver
+ She is beautiful
+ She drives carefully
+ Its extremely cold in winter in Japan
+ English is widely used in the world
+ Thank you very much
Note : PII có chức năng nh một tính từ trong câu
2. Form of adverb :
Adj ly Adv
Examples : - quick quickly
- careful carefully
- beautiful beautifully
- intelligent intelligently

- dangerous dangerously
- happy happily
- easy easily
- wide widely
- perfect perfectly
- lucky luckily
Note:- Only used : Adjective Of maner
- The same Viet namese meaning
3. Irregular adjective :
Adj Adv
- late late
17
- fast fast
- hard hard
- good well
Eg: + He is a good student He studies well (give some more examples)
II- Comparisons of adj & adv :
- So sánh tính từ ta dùng động từ TO BE
- So sánh trạng từ ta dùng động từ thờng
1, Comparison of equality :
Structures :
(+)
S1 + tobe / V + as (so) + adj/ adv + as + S2
(-)
to be not
S1 + don t / doesn t + V + as + adj/ adv + as + S2
didn t + V
Note : Sts have to remember the negative form carefully
2, Comparison of Adjective / Adverb
So sánh giữa 2 ngời , 2 vật với nhau

a/ Short adj / adv :
S1 + to be/ V + adj/ adv- er/r + than + S2
b/ Long adj/ adv :
S2 + to be/ V + more/ less + adj/ adv + than + S2
3, Comparison of superlative : ( So sánh một với nhiều)
a/ Short adj/ adv :
S + to be/ V + the + adj/ adv-est/st + .
b/ Long adj/adv :
S + to be/ V + the most/ least + adj/adv +
Eg1 :
- This book is more expensive than that one
That book is cheaper than this one
That book isnt as expensive as this one
Eg2 : He drives more carelessly than his father
His father drives more carefully than him
He doesnt drive as carefully as his father
His father doesnt drive as carelessly as him
4. Special cases :
a/- easy (adj) easier easiest
- lucky(adj) luckier luckiest
- happy(adj) happier happiest
- early(adv) earlier earliest
b/ + good/ well better best
+ bad/ badly worse worst
+much/ many more most
+ little less least
+ far farther/further farthest/ furthest
Note : - further dùng để chỉ sự việc trừu tợng or chỉ thời gian , farther dùng trong trờng hợp chỉ khoảng
cách.
- ĐôI khi chúng ta dùng most + adj (không có the ) với nghĩa very

Eg : The book you lent me was most interesting ( most = very)
Thank you for the money. It was most generous of you ( = very generous : hào fóng)
- GiảI thích cách dùng của 2 trạng từ : quickly & wisely(khôn ngoan) trong cấp so sánh
18
+ Quickly more quickly most quickly
+ Wisely more wisely most quickly
Examples for special cases :
Eg1. I have less money than you
You have more money than me
I havent as much money as you
You havent as little money as me
Eg 2. No one in class studies better than him
He studies the best in class
Eg 3. She is more beautiful than any other girls here
She is the most beautiful girl here
III- Một số đặc ngữ so sánh :
1-Càng ngày(lúc) càng :
*Short adj :
The day are getting longer and longer Structure
. Adj-er/r and adj-er/r
*Long adj :
- She is more and more beautiful
-The story gets more and more exciting structure :
more and more + adj .
2-Càng.càng.:
* Short adj :
the + adj-er/r , the adj-er/r
- The sooner , the better ( Càng sóm , càng tốt)
- The darker it gets, the colder it is
- The richer he gets, the happier he isnt

* Long adj :
the more +adj the more +adj .
- The more beautiful she is, the more miserable her husband is
- The more children he has, the poorer he is
- The more it rains, the dirtier roads are
- The more I hate him, the more he loves me
- The more expensive the hotel, the better the service
- The more she smiles, the more graceful she is (Cô ấy càng cời thì càng có duyên)
+ It rains more and more heavily
+ These days, more and more people are learning English.
Summary: - Trong câu loại này, nếu có 1 sự việc thì dùng more and more
- nếu có 2 sự việc thì dùng đảo ngữ
3-The same : Tơng tự, giống nhau, nh nhau
*The same : - Our suitcases are the same (Va li của chúng ta giống nhau)
*the same + N : - You and I have the same suitcases
*the same as : - My suiltcase is the same as yours (Va ly của tôi giống va ly của anh )
* The same + N + as :
- My suitscase is the same as yours (valy của tôi cùng cỡ với valy của anh)
4- Alike (adj/adv) : giồng nhau, nh nhau
- Like (adj/adv) : giống, nh, tơng tự
- Similar (adj) : giống nhau, tơng tự to be similar to
Eg: Our books are alike / similar (sách của chúng ta giống nhau)
My book is like yours (sách của tôi giống sách của anh)
My book is similar to yours
5-To prefer + V-ing/ N + to + V-ing/ N S + would rather + V + than + V : thích hơn
6- Had better + (not) + V : Tốt hơn/ nên .
19
Period
RELATIVE CLAUSES

I-Definite: ( Mệnh đề quan hệ Mệnh đề tính ngữ )
*Mệnh đề quan hệ đợc nối với mệnh đề chính bởi các đại từ , trạng từ quan hệ :
WHO : Thay thế danh từ chỉ ngời làm chủ ngữ ,luôn đứng trớc động từ
WHOM: Thay thế danh từ chỉ ngời làm tân ngữ ( có thể đợc lợc bỏ trong mđề qhệ giới hạn ) . đứng trớc chủ ngữ
( đại từ nhân xng, danh từ)
WHOSE : Thay thế tính từ sở hữu , sở hữu cách của ngời, vật ( my, your, our ,Lan s )
đứng giữa 2 danh từ, hoặc sau một danh từ trớc một tính từ .
WHICH : Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật, sự việc làm chủ ngữ, tân ngữ
THAT : Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ ngời, chỉ vật, sự việc làm chủ ngữ, tân ngữ , không dùng trong mệnh đề quan
hệ có dấu fảy
WHEN : Trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian thay thế cho các từ:Then, the day, the time
WHERE : Trạng từ quan hệ chỉ nơI chốn, địa điểm (= at which, in which, on which ) thay thế cho there , here
và cụm từ chỉ địa điểm
WHY : Trạng từ quan hệ chỉ nguyên nhân, lý do (= for which) đứng sau the reason
*Đại từ, trạng từ quan hệ là từ thay thế cho danh từ đứng trớc nó, và là từ bắt đầu của mệnh đề phụ nhằm
nói rõ thêm cho danh từ mà nó thay thế , mệnh đề phụ này đợc gọi là mệnh đề quan hệ , có chức năng nh
một tính từ nên còn đợc gọi là mệnh đề tính ngữ
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Examples:
+ He bought the house . The house has 3 rooms and a kitchen
He bought the house which has three rooms and a kitchen
Relative clause/ Adj-clause
+ My sister wants to speak to you . You met her yesterday
My sister , whom you met yesterday, wants to speak to you
II- Function :
Có 4 loại mệnh đề quan hệ :
- mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn ( mệnh đề quan hệ xác định)
- mệnh đề quan hệ vô hạn ( mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định )
- mệnh đề quan hệ có giới từ
- mệnh đễ quan hệ rút gọn

A-Restrictive Relative Clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định)
Examples :
1-The man is standing overthere . He is Mr Pike
The man who is standing overthere is Mr Pike
2. The woman is my aunt . You saw her yesterday.
The woman (whom) you saw yesterday is my aunt
3.The tree has beautiful flowers . It stands near the school gate
The tree which stands near the school gate has beautiful flowers
4. The child likes the dog. I have just bought it
The child likes the dog which I have just bought
5.I can see a girl and her dog . They are running in the park
I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park
Note :
+ Đại từ quan hệ THAT Có thể đợc dùng để thay thế cho các đại từ quan hệ trong các ví dụ 1,2,3,4 trên .
+ THAT còn đợc dùng sau các danh từ ở dạng so sánh bậc nhất
+ THAT còn dùng sau các từ : all, any, every, no, only, some ( đại từ bất định )
Eg : - All that is mine is yours
- He is responsible for everything that happens in the office
- It was the worst disaster that had ever happened in this area
6-That is the woman . Her son studies very well
That is the woman whose son studies very well
7.The man is an artist . I dont remember the mans name
The man whose name I don t remember is an artist
8.I know the girl. The girls poor family lives here
I know the girl whose poor family lives here
9.May Day is the day. People hold a meeting then
May Day is the day when people hold the meeting
10. Ill never forget the day . I met her on the day
Ill nerver forget the day when I met her
11. That is the house . We are living in the house now

That is the house where we are living now
12. Do you know the counry? I was born there .
Do you know the country where I was born ?
13. Please tell me the reason why( for which) you are so sad
*Mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn là mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa của câu , nếu không sử dụng mệnh đề này câu
vẫn cha đủ nghĩa .
B-Non- relative restrictive clause : ( Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định )
Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định là mệnh đề đứng ngay sau danh từ đã đợc xác dịnh rõ ( tên ngời, tên địa
danh, hoặc danh từ chung đợc TTSH, tính từ, hoặc sở hữu cách bổ nghĩa) Nếu không sử dụng mệnh đề
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quan hệ này câu vẫn hoàn toàn đủ và rõ nghĩa, mệnh đề này còn đợc gọi là mệnh đề cung cấp thêm thông
tin .
-Trong câu fức có thể có một hay nhiều mệnh đề quan hệ
-Mệnh đề quan hệ vô hạn tách rời với nhau và tách với mệnh đề chính bởi các dấu fảy .
Examples:
1.Shakespear , who was an English writer, was born in 1564 and died in 1616
2.Paris, which is the capital of France, is a beautifil and modern city in the world
3. Her father, who has been in Paris , has just returned,
4. Mary, whose sister I know, has won an Oscar
5. Mr Hais brother, whom you met yesterday, is a famous singer .
6. Uncle Ho, who was the first President, who was the great writer, was born in 1890 and died in 1969 .
C-Relative clause with preposition : ( Mệnh đề quan hệ có giới từ )
Mệnh đề quan hệ có giới từ chỉ sử dụng với đại từ quan hệ WHOM. WHICH không dùng với các đại từ quan hệ
khác , kể cả đại từ quan hệ THAT không đợc thay thế cho whom & which trong trờng hợp này .
Eg: to whom, with whom , for whom , about whom , by whom , from whom ,
To which, with which, for which, about which, by which, from which, at which, in which, on which,
1.She is the woman, I wrote to her
She is the woman to whom I wrote
2.She is the lady . He argued with her
She is the lady with whom he argued

3.He is the man . The novel was written by him
He is the man by whom the novel was written
4. She is the policewoman. The driver spoke to her
She is the policewoman to whom the driver spoke
5.There are a lot of modern facilities in it. This is a new hotel
This is a new hotel in which (where) there are a lot of modern facilities .
Note : Không đợc đa giới từ ra trớc whom , which khi giới từ đó là giới từ của động từ cần thiết cho ý nghĩa của
động từ đó .
Eg:- This is the book which I am looking for
- That is the child whom you have to look after
D.Reduced Relative Clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn )
Case 1: Có đại từ quan hệ và đt TO BE
Examples :
1.The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle
The man sitting next to you is my uncle
2. The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting
The books written by To Hoai are interesting
3. A bridge which was built only two years ago has been declared unsafe
A bridge built only two years ago has been declared unsafe
4.The house which is next to mine is very large and modern
The house next to mine is very large and modern
Case 2 : Có đại từ quan hệ và KHÔNG Có TO BE :
Examples :
1.Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night ?
Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night?
2. Do you know the boy who learns Maths the best in my class ?
Do you know the boy learning Maths the best in my class?
Case 3: Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể đợc rút gọn bằng cách dùng động từ nguyên mẫu có TO ( to-infinitive) hoặc
cụm động từ nguyên mẫu (infinitive phrase: for + O + to-inf)
Examples:

1.English is an important language which we have to master.
English is an important landuage to master
2.There is a good restaurant where we can eat seafood
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 There is a good restaurant to eat seafood
3.That is the hotel where we can stay
 That is the hotel to stay
4.There’s a lot of work which has to be done
 There’s a lot of work to be done
5.Here is a form that you must fill in
 Here is a form for you to fill in
6.I don’t like him staying in the streets; I wish we had a garden that he could play in
 I don’t like him staying in the streets; I wish we had a garden for him to play in
Period7th , 8
th
,9
th

Preparing:16/02/2009
Teaching:18/02/2009
I.Aims
Help students to review condition sentences and adverbial clauses of condition
II.Materials
Esercises books, handouts
III.Procedure
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF CONDITION –
I-Definition and structures :
A. Definition :
There are 3 types of condition:
1.Real condition ( type 1) :

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Câu ĐK 1 diễn tả những hành động sự việc có khả năng thực hiện đợc, hoặc có khả năng xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc t-
ơng lai.
2.Unreal condition in present (type2) :
-Câu ĐK 2 diễn tả những hành động sự việc không bao giờ xảy ra, hoàn toàn tráI ngợc với thực trạng hiện tại .
3.Unreal condition in past (type 3) :
-Câu ĐK 3 diễn tả những sự việc không có thật , tráI ngợc với thực trạng trong quá khứ , hoặc hành động không
thể xảy ra trong quá khứ ( thờng đợc dùng để nói lên sự tởng tợng của ngời nói )
B. Structures :
TYPE IF - CLAUSE MAIN- CLAUSE
I
Simple present
S + V-es/s ( CN số ít)
S + dont/doesnt + V
am, is, are
Simple future
S + will/shall/ can + V
S + wont/ cant + V
will be
II
Past subjuntive
S + V-ed/d ( cột 2)
S + didnt + V
were
S + would/should/could + V
S + wouldnt/ couldnt/ shouldnt + V
Would/should viết tắt là : d
would be
III
Past perfect

S + had + PII (V-ed/d , cột 3 ) +
S + hadnt + PII + .
Had viết tắt là: d
had been
S + would/should/could + have + PII
S + wouldnt/ couldnt + have + PII
would have been
II- Examples:
1. You will/can fail the exams if you dont work hard
2. I wont come to her birthday party if she doesnt invite me
3. If I were you , I would be a good footballer
4. He would succeed if he followed my advice
5. If he had driven carefully, the accident wouldnt have happened
6. Some days ago, I was on holiday, and the view was beautiful. If I had had a camera, I would have
taken some photos.
III-Câu điều kiện đảo :
Ta có thể không cần dùng if trong câu ĐK mà có thể dùng phép đảo ngữ. Thông thờng Should đợc dùng trong
câu ĐK I, were đợc dùng trong câu ĐK 2, had đợc dùng trong câu ĐK 3.
Examples :
1. If the news turns out to be true, Ill sell my shares at once
Should the news turn out to be true, Ill sell my shares at once
2. If they were stronger, they could lift the table
Were they stronger, they could lift the table
3. If he had studied hard, he would have passed the exam
Had he studied hard, he would have passed the exam
IV-UNLESS = IFNOT = OR : Trừ khi /fi = nếu không
Examples :
1. If you dont study hard, youll fail the exam
Unless you study hard, youll fail the exam
2. If she doesnt water trees, they will die

Unless she waters trees, they will die
3. If I have time, Ill help you
Unless I have time, I wont help you
4. If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster
Unless we had more rain, our crops wouldnt grow faster.
5. Study harder or youll fail the exam
Youll fail the exam unless you study harder
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6.Behave yourself or your parents will be unhappy
Your parents will be unhappy unless you behave yourself
Note: - Mệnh đề unless không bao giờ có dạng fủ dịnh nếu câu có nghĩa fủ định thì đổi mệnh đề chính sang
dạng fủ định ( eg3, eg4) .
- OR thờng đợc dùng trong câu ĐK mệnh lệnh để ra lời cảnh báo (Eg 5, eg 6)
V-WISH : Ước, ao ớc & IF ONLY : Giá mà, fảI chi
- Sau wish & if only là một mệnh đề chỉ một điều ao ớc một điều không thật , không thể thực hiện đợc .
Có 3 loại mệnh đề sau wish & if only .
1. Present wish ( Ao ớc ỏ hiện tại )
Eg: + I wish I were rich ( but Im not poor now )
+ I cant swim . I wish I could swim
+ If only Ben were here ( Ben isnt here , I wish he were here )
+ We wish that we didnt have to go to class today ( we have to go to class )
Structure :
S + wish / if only + clause (simple past to be were )
2. Past wish : ( Ao ớc ở quá khứ )
+ I wish I hadnt failed my exam last year . ( I failed my exam last year )
+ She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house ( She hadnt have enough money to buy it )
+ If only I had met her yesterday ( I didnt met her )
+ She wishes she could have been there ( she couldnt be there ) .
Structure :
S + wish/ if only + clause ( Past perfect / could have +PII .

3. Future wish : ( Ao ớc ỏ tơng lai )
Eg : + I wish I would be an astronaut in the future .
+ Tom wishes he were coming with us
+ If only I would take the trip with you next Sunday .
+ If only I would be able to attend your wedding next week
Structure :
S + wish/ if only + S + would/ could + V

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