Hướng dẫn học Microsoft SQL Server 2008 part 2 docx

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Contents at a Glance
Chapter 35: Asynchronous Messaging with Service Broker 807
Chapter 36: Replicating Data
813
Chapter 37: Performing ETL with Integration Services
829
Chapter 38: Access as a Front End to SQL Server
867
Part VI Enterprise Data Management
Chapter 39: Configuring SQL Server 883
Chapter 40: Policy-Based Management
939
Chapter 41: Recovery Planning
953
Chapter 42: Maintaining the Database
985
Chapter 43: Automating Database Maintenance with SQL Server Agent
1011
Chapter 44: Transferring Databases
1039
Chapter 45: Database Snapshots
1059
Chapter 46: Log Shipping
1069
Chapter 47: Database Mirroring
1091
Chapter 48: Clustering
1119
Part VII Security
Chapter 49: Authenticating Principals 1169

Chapter 50: Authorizing Securables
1187
Chapter 51: Data Cryptography
1197
Chapter 52: Row-Level Security
1205
Part VIII Monitoring and Auditing
Chapter 53: Data Audit Triggers 1223
Chapter 54: Schema Audit Triggers
1233
Chapter 55: Performance Monitor
1237
Chapter 56: Tracing and Profiling
1243
Chapter 57: Wait States
1255
Chapter 58: Extended Events
1261
Chapter 59: Change Tracking
1267
Chapter 60: Change Data Capture
1285
Chapter 61: SQL Audit
1297
Chapter 62: Management Data Warehouse
1305
Part IX Performance Tuning and Optimization
Chapter 63: Interpreting Query Execution Plans 1313
Chapter 64: Indexing Strategies
1321

Chapter 65: Query Plan Reuse
1357
Chapter 66: Managing Transactions, Locking, and Blocking
1363
Chapter 67: Data Compression
1415
Chapter 68: Partitioning
1427
Chapter 69: Resource Governor
1453
Part X Business Intelligence
Chapter 70: BI Design 1461
Chapter 71: Building Multidimensional Cubes with Analysis Services
1469
Chapter 72: Programming MDX Queries
1509
Chapter 73: Authoring Reports with Reporting Services
1527
Chapter 74: Administering Reporting Services
1559
Chapter 75: Analyzing Data with Excel
1577
Chapter 76: Data Mining with Analysis Services
1593
Appendix A: SQL Server 2008 Specifications 1613
Appendix B: Using the Sample Databases 1619
Index 1625
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Foreword xxxiii
Introduction
xxxv
Part I Laying the Foundation
Chapter 1: The World of SQL Server 3
A Great Choice 4
SQL Server Database Engine
6
Database Engine
6
Transact-SQL
8
Policy-Based Management
10
.NET Common Language Runtime
10
Service Broker
11
Replication services
11
Integrated Full-Text Search
11
Server management objects
12
Filestream
12
SQL Server Services
12
SQL Server Agent
12

Database Mail
12
Distributed Transaction Coordinator (DTC)
12
Business Intelligence
14
Business Intelligence Development Studio
14
Integration Services
14
Analysis Services
15
Reporting Services
17
UI and Tools
17
SQL Server Management Studio
18
SQL Server Configuration Manager
18
SQL Profiler/Trace
19
Performance Monitor
19
Command-line utilities
19
Books Online
20
SQL Server Editions
20

Exploring the Metadata
22
System databases
22
Metadata views
22
What’s New?
23
Summary
26
Chapter 2: Data Architecture 27
Information Architecture Principle 28
Database Objectives
28
Usability
29
Extensibility
29
Data integrity
30
Performance/scalability
31
Availability
31
Security
31
Smart Database Design
33
Database system
34

Physical schema
36
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Contents
Set-based queries 37
Indexing
37
Concurrency
38
Advanced scalability
38
A performance framework
39
Issues and objections
40
Summary
40
Chapter 3: Relational Database Design 43
Database Basics 43
Benefits of a digital database
44
Tables, rows, columns
45
Database design phases
46
Normalization
47
The three ‘‘Rules of One’’

47
Identifying entities
48
Generalization
49
Primary keys
51
Foreign keys
52
Cardinality
52
Optionality
52
Data Design Patterns
55
One-to-many pattern
55
One-to-one pattern
56
Many-to-many pattern
56
Supertype/subtype pattern
59
Domain integrity lookup pattern
61
Recursive pattern
61
Database design layers
65
Normal Forms

65
First normal form (1NF)
66
Second normal form (2NF)
67
Third normal form (3NF)
69
The Boyce-Codd normal form (BCNF)
70
Fourth normal form (4NF)
70
Fifth normal form (5NF)
71
Summary
71
Chapter 4: Installing SQL Server 2008 73
Selecting Server Hardware 73
CPU planning
73
Copious memory
74
Disk-drive subsystems
74
Network performance
76
Preparing the Server
78
Dedicated server
78
Operating system

79
Service accounts
79
Server instances
79
Performing the Installation
81
Attended installations
81
Unattended installations
85
Remote installations
86
Upgrading from Previous Versions
86
Upgrading from SQL Server 2005
87
Migrating to SQL Server
87
Migrating from Access
87
Migration Assistant
88
Removing SQL Server
90
Summary
91
Chapter 5: Client Connectivity 93
Enabling Server Connectivity 93
Server Configuration Manager

94
SQL Native Client Connectivity (SNAC)
95
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Contents
SQL Server Native Client Features 96
Requirements
97
Asynchronous operations
97
Multiple Active Result Sets (MARS)
97
XML data types
98
User-defined types
98
Large value types
98
Handling expired passwords
98
Snapshot isolation
99
Summary
99
Chapter 6: Using Management Studio 101
Organizing the Interface 104
Window placement
104

The Context Menu
106
Registered Servers
107
Managing Servers
107
Server Groups
109
Object Explorer
110
Navigating the tree
110
Filtering Object Explorer
113
Object Explorer Details
113
The Table Designer
114
Building database diagrams
115
The Query Designer
116
Object Explorer reports
118
UsingtheQueryEditor
119
Opening a query connecting to a server
119
Opening a .sql file
119

Shortcuts and bookmarks
121
Query options
122
Executing SQL batches
123
Results!
123
Viewing query execution plans
123
Using the Solution Explorer
125
Jump-Starting Code with Templates
126
Using templates
126
Managing templates
126
Summary
126
Chapter 7: Scripting with PowerShell 129
Why Use PowerShell? 130
Basic PowerShell
130
Language features
130
Creating scripts
137
Communicating with SQL Server
142

SQL Server Management Objects
142
ADO.NET
147
Scripting SQL Server Tasks
150
Administrative tasks
150
Data-based tasks
159
SQL Server PowerShell Extensions
161
SQLPS.exe
161
TheSQLPSDrive—SQLSERVER:
162
SQL cmdlets
162
Summary
164
Part II Manipulating Data with Select
Chapter 8: Introducing Basic Query Flow 167
Understanding Query Flow 168
Syntactical flow of the query statement
168
A graphical view of the query statement
169
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Contents
Logical flow of the query statement 170
Physical flow of the query statement
171
From Clause Data Sources
171
Possible data sources
171
Table aliases
173
[Table Name]
173
Fully qualified names
174
Where Conditions
175
Using the between search condition
176
Comparing with a list
176
Using the like search condition
179
Multiple where conditions
181
Select where
182
Columns, Stars, Aliases, and Expressions
183
The star
183

Aliases
183
Qualified columns
184
Ordering the Result Set
185
Specifying the order by using column names
185
Specifying the order by using expressions
187
Specifying the order by using column aliases
188
Using the column ordinal position
188
Order by and collation
189
Select Distinct
191
Top ()
192
The with ties option
193
Selecting a random row
194
Summary
195
Chapter 9: Data Types, Expressions, and Scalar Functions 197
Building Expressions 197
Operators
198

Bitwise operators
199
Case expressions
202
Working with nulls
204
Scalar Functions
209
User information functions
210
Date and time functions
210
String Functions
214
Soundex Functions
218
Using the SOUNDEX() function
220
Using the DIFFERENCE() Soundex function
221
Data-Type Conversion Functions
222
Server Environment Information
224
Summary
225
Chapter 10: Merging Data with Joins and Unions 227
Using Joins 228
Inner Joins
230

Building inner joins with the Query Designer
231
Creating inner joins within SQL code
231
Number of rows returned
233
ANSI SQL 89 joins
234
Multiple data source joins
235
Outer Joins
236
Using the Query Designer to create outer joins
238
T-SQL code and outer joins
238
Outer joins and optional foreign keys
240
Full outer joins
241
Red thing blue thing
241
Placing the conditions within outer joins
243
Multiple outer joins
244
Self-Joins
244
Cross (Unrestricted) Joins
247

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Contents
Exotic Joins 248
Multiple-condition joins
248
 (theta) joins 249
Non-key joins
249
Set Difference Queries
250
Left set difference query
251
Full set difference queries
252
Using Unions
254
Union [All]
254
Intersection union
255
Difference union/except
256
Summary
257
Chapter 11: Including Data with Subqueries and CTEs 259
Methods and Locations 259
Simple Subqueries
262

Common table expressions
264
Using scalar subqueries
265
Using subqueries as lists
267
Using subqueries as tables
271
Row constructors
273
All, some, and any
274
Correlated Subqueries
276
Correlating in the where clause
276
Correlating a derived table using apply
280
Relational Division
281
Relational division with a remainder
282
Exact relational division
285
Composable SQL
286
Summary
288
Chapter 12: Aggregating Data 289
Simple Aggregations 289

Basic aggregations
290
Aggregates, averages, and nulls
293
Using aggregate functions within the Query Designer
293
Beginning statistics
294
Grouping within a Result Set
295
Simple groupings
296
Grouping sets
297
Filtering grouped results
298
Aggravating Queries
299
Including group by descriptions
299
Including all group by values
301
Nesting aggregations
303
Including detail descriptions
304
OLAP in the Park
306
Rollup subtotals
306

Cube queries
308
Building Crosstab Queries
309
Pivot method
309
Case expression method
311
Dynamic crosstab queries
312
Unpivot
313
Cumulative Totals (Running Sums)
314
Correlated subquery solution
315
T-SQL cursor solution
315
Multiple assignment variable solution
316
Summary
317
Chapter 13: Windowing and Ranking 319
Windowing 319
The Over() clause
320
Partitioning within the window
321
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Contents
Ranking Functions 322
Row number() function
322
Rank() and dense_rank() functions
324
Ntile() function
325
Aggregate Functions
326
Summary
327
Chapter 14: Projecting Data Through Views 329
Why Use Views? 329
The Basic View
331
Creating views using the Query Designer
332
Creating views with DDL code
334
Executing views
334
Altering and dropping a view
336
A Broader Point of View
336
Column aliases
337
Order by and views

337
View restrictions
338
Nesting views
338
Updating through views
340
Views and performance
341
Locking Down the View
341
Unchecked data
342
Protecting the data
342
Protecting the view
343
Encrypting the view’s select statement
344
Application metadata
345
Using Synonyms
345
Summary
346
Chapter 15: Modifying Data 347
Inserting Data 348
Inserting simple rows of values
349
Inserting a result set from select

352
Inserting the result set from a stored procedure
353
Creating a default row
355
Creating a table while inserting data
355
Updating Data
358
Updating a single table
359
Performing global search and replace
360
Referencing multiple tables while updating data
360
Deleting Data
365
Referencing multiple data sources while deleting
366
Cascading deletes
367
Alternatives to physically deleting data
368
Merging Data
369
Returning Modified Data
373
Returning data from an insert
373
Returning data from an update

374
Returning data from a delete
374
Returning data from a merge
374
Returning data into a table
375
Summary
376
Chapter 16: Modification Obstacles 377
Data Type/Length 377
Primary Key Constraint and Unique Constraint
378
Identity columns
379
Globally unique identifiers (GUIDs)
381
Deleting Duplicate Rows
383
Deleting duplicate rows using windowing
384
Deleting duplicate rows using a surrogate key
385
Deleting duplicate rows using select distant into
386
Foreign Key Constraints
387
Null and Default Constraints
389
Check Constraints

389
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Contents
Instead of Triggers 390
After Triggers
391
Non-Updateable Views
392
Views With Check Option
393
Calculated Columns
394
Security Constraints
395
Summary
396
Part III Beyond Relational
Chapter 17: Traversing Hierarchies 399
Adjacency List Pattern 401
Single-level queries
404
Subtree queries
407
Is the node an ancestor?
415
Determining the node’s level
415
Reparenting the adjacency list

415
Indexing an adjacency list
416
Cyclic errors
416
Adjacency list variations
417
Adjacency list pros and cons
419
The Materialized-Path Pattern
419
Subtree queries
422
Is the node in the subtree?
424
Determining the node level
425
Single-level queries
426
Reparenting the materialized path
427
Indexing the materialized path
427
Materialized path pros and cons
427
Using the New HierarchyID
428
Selecting a single node
430
Scanning for ancestors

430
Performing a subtree search
431
Single-level searches
431
Inserting new nodes
432
Performance
432
HierarchyID pros and cons
433
Summary
433
Chapter 18: Manipulating XML Data 435
XML Processing in SQL Server 2008 436
Generating XML documents
437
Querying XML documents
437
Validating XML documents
438
Sample Tables and Data
440
XML Data Type
441
Typed and untyped XML
442
Creating and using XML columns
443
Declaring and using XML variables

444
Using XML parameters and return values
445
Loading/querying XML documents from disk files
446
Limitations of the XML data type
447
Understanding XML Data Type Methods
448
XPath
449
value()
449
nodes()
449
exist()
450
query()
451
modify()
451
Joining XML nodes with relational tables
451
Using variables and filters in XQuery expressions
452
Accessing the parent node
454
Generating XML Output Using FOR XML
455
FOR XML AUTO

455
FOR XML RAW
457
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Contents
FOR XML EXPLICIT 458
FOR XML PATH
464
TYPE directive
468
XSINIL Directive
469
Generating XML Schema information
470
Generating XML namespaces
471
Understanding XQuery and FLWOR operations
472
Simple queries
472
FLWOR operation
473
What’s new for XQuery in SQL Server 2008
475
Understanding XQuery Functions
476
String functions
476

Numeric and aggregate functions
476
Other functions
477
Performing XML Data Modification
477
Insert operation
478
Update operation
478
Delete operation
479
What’s new for XML DML operations in SQL Server 2008
479
Handling Namespaces
480
Shredding XML Using OPENXML()
481
XSD and XML Schema Collections
483
Creating an XML Schema collection
483
Creating typed XML columns and variables
484
Performing validation
484
XML DOCUMENT and CONTENT
485
Altering XML Schema collections
485

What’s in the ‘‘collection’’?
485
What’s new in SQL Server 2008 for XSD
487
Understanding XML Indexes
487
XML Best Practices
488
Summary
489
Chapter 19: Using Integrated Full-Text Search 491
Configuring Full-Text Search Catalogs 494
Creating a catalog with the wizard
494
Creating a catalog with T-SQL code
496
Pushing data to the full-text index
496
Maintaining a catalog with Management Studio
497
Maintaining a catalog in T-SQL code
498
Word Searches
498
The Contains function
498
The ContainsTable function
499
Advanced Search Options
501

Multiple-word searches
501
Searches with wildcards
502
Phrase searches
502
Word-proximity searches
502
Word-inflection searches
504
Thesaurus searches
504
Variable-word-weight searches
505
Fuzzy Searches
507
Freetext
507
FreetextTable
507
Performance
508
Summary
508
Part IV Developing with SQL Server
Chapter 20: Creating the Physical Database Schema 513
Designing the Physical Database Schema 514
Logical to physical options
515
Refining the data patterns

515
Designing for performance
515
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Contents
Responsible denormalization 516
Designing for extensibility
517
Creating the Database
517
The Create DDL command
517
Database-file concepts
519
Configuring file growth
520
Using multiple files
522
Planning multiple filegroups
525
Creating Tables
526
Designing tables using Management Studio
526
Working with SQL scripts
528
Schemas
529

Column names
530
Filegroups
531
Creating Keys
532
Primary keys
532
The surrogate debate: pros and cons
532
Database design layers
534
Creating foreign keys
537
Creating User-Data Columns
542
Column data types
542
Calculated columns
546
Sparse columns
546
Column constraints and defaults
547
Creating Indexes
550
Composite indexes
552
Primary keys
552

Filegroup location
552
Index options
553
Include columns
553
Filtered indexes
553
Summary
556
Chapter 21: Programming with T-SQL 559
Transact-SQL Fundamentals 560
T-SQL batches
560
T-SQL formatting
562
Variables
563
Variable default and scope
563
Using the set and select commands
564
Incrementing variables
565
Conditional select
566
Using variables within SQL queries
566
Multiple assignment variables
567

Procedural Flow
568
If
569
While
570
Goto
571
Examining SQL Server with Code
572
Dynamic Management Views
572
sp_help
572
System functions
573
Temporary Tables and Table Variables
574
Local temporary tables
574
Global temporary tables
575
Table variables
576
Summary
577
Chapter 22: Kill the Cursor! 579
Anatomy of a Cursor 580
The five steps to cursoring
580

Managing the cursor
581
Watching the cursor
583
Cursor options
583
Update cursor
584
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