hướng dẫn sử dụng để arcview 3.3 để các nhà quy hoạch sử dụng đất tại quận puttalam

User’s Guide to ArcView 3.3 for Land
Use Planners in Puttalam District
IUCN Sri Lanka, Country Ofce
Dilhari Weragodatenna

Table of Content

Intr
oducon……… ………………………………… ……… 1
1. Gengstarted…………… ……………………………………………………  2
2. Geo-referencing…………………………………………… …………………… 6
3. Digizing(CapturingtheData)………………………………… ……………  10
4. Tablesandaributeinformaon…………………………… ………………  13
5. Calculangeldvalues…… ………………………………………………  14
6. ModifyingtheTheme…………………………………………… ……………. 15
7. MapScale……………………………………………………………………  16
8. LabellingtheMap………………………………………………………… … 17
9. CreangamapLayout…………………………………………… ………… 19
10. AddingMapelementstothelayout……………………………………… …21
11. ExporngamaptoPDF,TIFF,JPEG,andotherformats…… ………… 24
12. PrinngtheMap……………………………………………… ……… 25
13. TransferringDatafromGPS………………………… ……………… 26
14. References…………………………………………………………… 27
P
ageNo

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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
Introducon
GeographicalInformaonSystems(GIS)isacolleconofcomputerhardware,soware,and
geographic data for capturing, managing, analyzing,and displaying all forms ofdata with

geographicallyreferencedinformaon.Itisthemergingofmappinganddatabasetechnology.
GISisoenusedasadecisionsupporttoolinvolvingintegraonofspaallyreferenceddata
inaproblem-solvingenvironmentaswell.Typically,GISisusedforhandlingmapsofonekind
oranother.These mightberepresentedasseveraldierentlayerswhereeachlayerholds
a parcular kind ofdata. Eachfeature is linkedto a posionon thegraphicalimageon a
mapand a record in an aributetable.GIS can revealhidden paerns,relaonships,and
trendsthatarenotreadilyapparentinspreadsheetsorstascalpackages, oencreang
newinformaonfromexisngdataresources.ThereforeGISallowstoseepaern,distance,
area,relaonship,trend,andLocaonontheground.AndalsoGIStechnologyisoenused
fordecision-making,becausethedatacanbeeasilymodied,shared,accessed,updatedand
linkedwithphotographs,videoandaudioclips.
Currently, many government agencies as well as non-government agencies in Sri Lanka
successfullyapplyGIStechnologyasadecisionmakingtooltocoordinateresourceulizaon
plans. However, there areoen limitaonsin using ofthis new technologydue to lack of
fundsforobtainingtherelevantsowareandexperseinthearea.
IUCN,InternaonalUnionforConservaonofNatureandNaturalResources,SriLanka
implementedtheproject,Ecologicallyandsocio-economicallysoundcoastalecosystem
rehabilitaon and conservaon in tsunami-aected countries of the Indian Ocean
withnancialassistancefromBundesministerium für wirtschaliche Zusammenarbeit
und Entwicklung (BMZ)
 (German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperaon and
Development) in the Pualam lagoon area in the North Western Province of Sri
Lanka.  An important component of this project was the capacity building of State
Instuons responsible for managing the resources in the Pualam Lagoon.  As
a part of thisprogramme, various StateAgenciesin the Pualam Lagoon area were
providedwithGISMapsincorporangseveraldatabasescollatedandanalysedbythe
Project.TherecipientsweretrainedontheGIStechniques.Asaconnuingcapacity
buildingexercise,itwasfeltnecessarythatauser’sguideforoperangGISsowarebe
provided.
This user’s guide was prepared drawing heavily from Arc View 3.3 help menu and

Arc View 9.2 for the sole purpose of providing simplied instrucons to the users of
GIS maps produced under the BMZ project. Copies of this User’s Guide will be given
to selected users free of charge and IUCN does not have any commercial interest in
preparing and distribuon of this Guide.
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
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1. Geng Started
Step 1
• DoubleclickonArcView GIS 3.3inyourDesktop(SeeFig.1.1)
Fig. 1.1
Step 2
• ClickOK buoninthedialogueBox(SeeFig.1.2)
Fig. 1.2

Click OK
To start the work double click Arc
view GIS 3.3
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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
Step 3
Open a new View
• Tostartworkhighlight viewintheprojectwindowandclicktheNewbuon
• The
defaultnameofthenewViewisView 1.
• T
orenametheView,chooseProperes fromtheView menu.(SeeFig.1.3)
WhentheviewwindowisopenedrenamethenewviewinNamecolumn

Fig. 1.3
Thebasicfeaturesofthestartupscreenare,(SeeFig.1.4)

Fig.
1.4


3
The New View
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
4
Project window
Shapelesaresavedinprojects (Shapeleisanon-topologicalformatforstoringthegeometric
locaonandaributeinformaonofgeographicfeatures.Itsavesasveles,suchas.shp,
.shx,.dbf,.sbn,sbx.).TheveProjectwindowobjectsareViews,Tables,Charts,Layouts,and
Scripts.

Menu bar
User-programmablepull-downmenus,uniquelydenedforeachProjectwindowobject.

Buon bar
User-denedacons(scripts)whichareimplementedimmediatelyonclicking.
Tool bar
User-denedacons(scripts)whichapplywhilethetoolisacvated(clickon,clicko)
Standard View Buons
When
movethecursorovereachbuoninstandardbaryoucanseeanexplanaonofits
funconinthestatusbar.
Theaconofsomeofimportantbuonisexplainedbellow
Save Project - Saves changes of all works to the project le.
Add Theme - Upload data from existing data sources to the view.
Edit Legend

- Toggle the legend visibility for active themes in the Standard View.
Open Theme Table
- Display the selected records after graphically select features in a
theme. Ensure that the theme in which you selected the features is the only active.
Query Builder - It can be built a query by double-clicking on these options with the
mouse or by typing your query directly into the query text box.
Zoom to full extent/Zoom to active theme(s) - zooms the active window to the extent
of all themes in the legend and the active window to the extent of all ACTIVE themes in
the legend
Zoom to full previous extent - Zoom the active window back to the previously zoomed
area.

Clear Selection Features - Unselect the selected features in active themes
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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
Identify - Show database information about a feature.
Pointer - Select shapes or points by clicking or dragging a box.
Select Feature - Selects features in the visible, active themes by clicking or dragging a
box.
Pan - Pan can drag by click-and-holding to the inside the view window in any direction.
Ruler -
Measure the distance between two or more points by left clicking on both the
starting and ending point.
Label - label features with graphic text using database attributes.
Text - Create text on the display by clicking the location for the text, typing it in the box
provided, then positioning it using the “arrow” tool.
Draw Point
- Add graphic shapes to a view by selecting a graphic shape type from the
drop down menu of layout options (i.e., points, lines, boxes).
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict

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2. Geo-referencing
Alltheelementsinamaplayerhaveaspecicgeographiclocaonandextentthatenables
themtobelocatedonorneartheearth’ssurface.Theabilitytoaccuratelydescribegeographic
locaonsiscricalinbothmappingandGIS.Thisprocessiscalledgeo-referencing.
Images are stored as raster data, where each cell in the image has a row and column
number.(Rasterdataisdenedbyitscoloursandpixelsandisnotdenedmathemacally.
Digital pictures are raster data) Shape les and ARC/INFO coverage are stored in real-
worldcoordinates.Inordertodisplayimageswithcoveragesorshapeles,itisnecessary
toestablishanimage-to-worldtransformaonthatconvertstheimagecoordinatestoreal-
worldcoordinates.Thistransformaoninformaonistypicallystoredwiththeimage.
Step 1
Select Extensions t
o Geo-reference
• Inordertoaddimageles(JPEG,BMP,TIFF…)youneedtoturnontheExtensions
fr
omle
menu.
• SinceImagesareJPEGlesyouhavetoacvatetheImage Analysisinthe
extensionmenu.
• clickOK (See
Fig.2.1)
Fig. 2.1

1. Select File
2. Select Extensions
4. Click OK
3. Put a ck on Image Analysis
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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict

Step 2
Adding the Raster image data such as aerial photographs, satellite images, etc. as a Theme
(Add Data into Arc View)
• UsetheAdd ThemeBuontoloadtheimagethatyouneedtogeo-reference
• SelectImage Analysis Data Source fromSet Data Source Types
• Givethepathwheretheimageisstoredfromdrivers
•
ClickOK t
oaddtheselectedle(s)toyourViewwindow.(SeeFig.2.2)

Not
e:WhenyouselecttheImageAnalysis,AlignToolappearintheToolBar
Fig.
2.2
Step 3
Giving real coordinates in to the Image
•
ChooseAlign Tool
fromToolBarandclickontheLanduseTypewhichyoucan
getRealworldcoordinates(AlignToolshouldbetherstBuonfromRightin
theToolBar)-(Land use type can be a Juncon, corner of the Lake, Corner of the
Building etc)
•
ThenRight click
andchooseEnter to CoordinatesfromtheDialogueBox
• TypetheX, Y CoordinatesDigitsintheTo PointDialogueBoxandClickOK
• GiveMinimum Four Coordinates
totheImage(SeeFig.2.3)
1. Select Add Theme buon
5. Highlight the Image

2. Select Image Analysis
Data Source
3. Select the Drive
4. Click the File Name
6. Click OK
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
8
Fig. 2.3
Step 4
Saving the Geo - referenced Image (Raster data)
• ChooseSave Image AsfromThemeinMenu Bar
• SelecttheTIFFfromList les of Type
• SelecttheDirectorytosavetheImage
• ClicktheFile NamewhereyouwanttosavetheImage
• TypeNameoftheImageinFile Name BarandClickOK (SeeFig.2.4)
Fig. 2.4
1. Select Align Tool
2. Select Enter “To”
Coordinate
3. Type X, Y
Coordinates Digits and click ok
2. Select Save Image As and give a path to save the image
9
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
Step 5
Open the Saved Image to connue the work
•
UsetheAdd themeBuontoloadtheSaveImage.
• SelecttheImage Data Source
fromDataSourceType.

• ChangetheDirectorytoyourFilelocaon.
• ClicktheFile Name
tohighlighttheselectedImageandOK
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
10
3. Digizing (Capturing the Data)
Theprocessof represenng an analogue signal or an image by a discrete set of its points
is known as digizing. This data aer conversion is in the binary format, which isdirectly
readablebycomputer.Thedatatobeconvertedcanbeatext,animage,audiooravideo.
Whenyoudigizeamap,youuseadigizingtabletconnectedtoyourcomputertotraceover
featuresyouareinterestedin.TheX,Ycoordinatesofthesefeaturesareautomacallyrecord
andstoreinthecomputerasspaaldata.
Step 1
Creang a New Theme
Y
ouarenowreadytodigizefeaturesinArcView.
• ChooseNew ThemefromtheViewMenu.
• Choose
PolygonfromthelistofchoicesinFeaturetype(Point,Line,andPolygon)
Alltheedinganddrawingtoolsthatyoucanusewiththemouseareavailable
usingthedigizer.Choosingthecorrecttoolisveryimportantinordertobe
producveandtodigizefeaturesaccurately.
• Choosethedefaultorprovideanameandlocaonforthenewtheme.(SeeFig.
3.1and3.2)
Fig. 3.1
1. Click View and New Theme
2. Select Type
3. Click OK
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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict

Fig. 3.2
Step 2
Capturing data
Ifyouwanttoeditanexisngtheme,makeitacveandchooseStartEdingfromthe
Thememenu.Ifyoujustwanttoaddgraphicstoyourviewwithoutcreangatheme,go
aheadanddigize.
• Clickathemelegendboxtomakeit“Acve”(themeissurroundedbyaboxand
appearsraised).Athemecanonlybeeditedwhenitis“Acve”.
• GotoThemeandselectStart Eding.
• ChoosetheDraw Polygontoolfromthe“DrawingTools”drop-downmenu.
• Clickonthe"drawingtool"pull-downmenubuonandselectthedrawingtool
matchingtheshapeofthe"acve"theme(SeeFig.3.1).
Usethistoolifthe“acve”themeisapoint
Usethistoolifthe“acve”themeisaline
Usethistoolifthe“acve”themeisamul-
pointline
Usethistooltodrawarectangle
Usethistooltodrawacircle
5. Type name of the New Theme
3. Click OK
4. Select File
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
12
Fig. 3.3
Step 3
• Drawthepolygonbyclickingforeachverce(the cursor will be a crosshair)
Doubleclickonthelastverce.
• Ifyouwanttoconnuethedrawing,rightclicksandselectsPantomove.
Select Polygon
Highlight the Theme

13
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
4. Tables and aribute informaon
Tabularinformaonisthebasisofgeographicfeatures,allowingyoutovisualize,query,and
analyseyourdata.Inthesimplestterms,tablesaremadeupofrowsandcolumns.InGIS,
rowsareknownasrecordsandcolumnsareelds.Eacheldcanstoreaspecictypeofdata
suchasanumber,date,ortext.
Step 1
Insert Data into a table
•
ClicktheOpen Theme Table bu
onintheViewbuonbar.
• AddeldstothetablefromtheTable Menu barandselecttheAdd Fieldchoice
fromtheEditmenu.TheFieldDeniondialogboxwillappearallowingyouto
denetheeldinthetable.
• AddrecordstothetablefromtheTable menu bar,selecttheAdd Recordchoice
fromtheEditmenu.Thiswilladdasinglerecordtothetable.Repeatthisacon
asmanymesasneeded.
• AdddatatothetablefromtheTabletoolbar,selecttheEdit tool.Thisallowsyou
toedittheemptycellsinthetable.
• Toeditthevaluesinatable,FromtheTable menu,ChooseStart Eding.
• SelecttheEdit toolandplacethecursorintheeldoftherecordyouwantto
edit.Typethenewvalueintotheeld.WhenusingtheEdittoolinthetable,the
followingkeyboardacceleratorsaresupportedfortheeditablecell.
• Tonishedingandcommityourchanges,chooseStop EdingfromtheTable
menu.(seeFig.4.1)
Fig. 4.1
Select Table
Select Edit Tool
to insert text or

digits
Select Theme
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
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5. Calculang eld values
Enteringvalueswiththekeyboardisnottheonlywayyoucaneditvaluesinatable.Insome
cases,youmightwanttoperformamathemacalcalculaontosetaeldvalueforasingle
recordorevenall records. The ArcVieweldcalculatorletsyouperformsimpleas wellas
advancedcalculaonsonallorselectedrecords.Inaddion,youcancalculatearea,length,
perimeter,andothergeometricproperesoneldsinaributetables.
Step 1
To calculate a value for a eld
• ChooseStart EdingfromtheTablemenu.
• Clickonthenameoftheeldyouwishtocalculate.Notethatthenamesofelds
youcancalculateappearinanormalfont,anythatyoucan'tareshowninitalics.
• ClicktheCalculatebuon.
• IntheFieldCalculatordialogthatappears,typetheexpressionforthecalculaon
intheinputareaofthedialogbox.Youcanusetheeldandrequestlistitemsto
helpyouformtheexpressionbydouble-clickingoneldnamesandrequestsor
youcantypetheexpressionyourself.
• PressOKtoperformthecalculaon.ArcViewdisplaystheresultsinthetable.
(SeeFig.5.1)
Typethefollowingintotheexpressionbox
Forlength:
 [Shape].ReturnLength/1000000
Forarea:
 [Shape].ReturnArea/1000000
Forperimeter:
 [Shape].ReturnLength/1000000
Note - The calculaon applies to the selected set of records. If no records are selected, the

calculaon applies to all records.
Fig. 5.1

1. Select Calculate
2. Type the expression here
3. Click OK
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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
6. Modifying the Theme
AThemeisacolleconoffeaturesdrawnonaview.AThemehasanassociatedlegendthat
denesthesymbolizaonofthefeatures.
Step 1
Changing Theme Properes
• OpentheLegend Editorboxbydouble-clickingthethemelegendbox;orby
clickingThemeonthemenubar,thenclickingEdit Legend.
• Double-clicktheSymbol boxintheLegendEditortoopenthe“ThemeProperes
Editor”.Editthetheme’sproperesbyusingthebuonsonthepalee.
• FromFill PaleeyoucanchangethePaernoftheLegend.
• FromColor PaleeyoucanchangethecoloroftheLegend.
• FinishtheEdingClick Apply (seeFig.6.1).
Fig. 6.1
1. Double Click the Theme
2. Double Click the Symbol
3. Select the Fill Paern
4. Click Apply
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
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7. Map Scale
Mapscaleistherelaonshipbetweenthedimensionsofamapandthedimensionsofthe
Earth.Itisusuallyexpressedasarao,like1:63,360.Thescalerao1:63,360meansthatone

unitofdistanceonthemaprepresents63,360ofthesameunitsofdistanceontheEarth.So
ona1:63,360scalemap,oneinchonthemapequalsonemileonthegroundbecauseone
statutemilehas63,360inches.Becausethescaleraoisaconstant,itistrueforwhatever
unitsinwhichthefraconisexpressed.Soonamapwithascaleof1:24,000,onecenmeter
equals24,000cenmetersontheground,justasoneinchrepresents24,000inches.
Step 1
Seng Map Scale
Mapunitsaretheunitsoftheview’sdisplaysurface.Iftheviewhasnotbeenprojected,Map
unitsaretheunitsin whichthecoordinatesofthespaaldata contained inyourvieware
stored.Iftheviewhasbeenprojected,Mapunitsaretheunitsintowhichthisdataisbeing
projectedintheview.ArcViewusesthemapunitssengtodeterminethecorrectscaleof
yourview.IfMapUnitsarenotsetcorrectly,thescaleArcViewdisplaysforyourviewmaybe
incorrect,andArcViewwon’tknowhowlargetodrawyourviewifyouspecifyascaleforyour
view
• ClickViewonthemenubartopulldownthe“View”menu.ThenclickProperes
toopenthe“ViewProperes”window.
• SelectMetersinMap UnitsandKilometersfromDistance Unit.
• ThenclickOK (SeeFig.7.1).
Fig. 7.1

2. Set Map Units
3. Scale will appear here
1. Click View and select
Properes
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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
8. Labelling the Map
ArcViewhasthreewaysforyoutolabelthefeaturesinthetheme.
1. Interacvely posion and enter your own text
• ChoosethetexttoolfromtheStandard tool bar.

• Posionandclickthecursoronyourviewwhereyouwantyourtexttobegin.
• TypeyourtextintotheTextProperesdialogandclickOK.(SeeFig.8.1)
Fig. 8.1
2. Interacvely posion a label based on an aribute value
• Makethethemethatcontainsthefeaturesyouwanttolabelacvebyclickingon
itinthetableofContents.
• FromtheThememenuchooseProperes.
• ChoosetheText Labels iconintheTheme Properesdialog.
• Choosetheeld thatcontainsthevaluesyouwanttouseaslabelsandthenclick
OK.
• SelecttheLabeltool.
• Click
onthefeatureyouwanttolabel.Thelabelappearswhereyouclicked.
• Choose
theStop EditfromThemeMenuandSavetheEditoftheTheme.(See
Fig.8.2)

1. Select Text
3. Type of Name of the feature or place here
2. Click on the Map Text
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
18
Fig. 8.2
3. Automacally label some or all features
Youcanlabelallfeaturesorjustselectedfeaturesforanacvetheme.
• ClickonAuto-labelfromtheThememenu.
• SelectAuto-labeleitherallthefeaturesoftheacvethemeoraselectedsetof
features.(SeeFig.8.3)
Fig. 8.3
2. Select Text Labels

3. Select the eld Type
1. Select Properes
3. Click OK
2. Select the Field that you
want to label
1. Select Auto Label
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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
9. Creang a map Layout
Producing the output of your work is one of the end product in GIS work. A layout is a
documentwhichcolleconofmapelementslaidoutandorganizedonapage.Commonmap
elementsincludeoneormoredataframeseachcontaininganorderedsetofmaplayers,a
scalebar,northarrow,maptle,descripvetext,andalegend.Layoutviewiswhereyouadd
mapsurrounds,frames,gracules, andothernishing touchestoamap.Itcanthendraw
thoseobjectstothescreen,sendthemtoaprinter,andsendthemtooneofseveralstandard
graphicsleformats.
Step 1
• ChooseLayout fromViewMenu.
• SelectPagePaern(e.g. Landscape, Portrait.)
• ClickOK.
• Click
onNewLayout.(SeeFig.9.1)
Fig. 9.1
Step 2
Seng the layout page size and orientaon
When
youwanttocreateamapusingalayoutyouwillneedtodenesomecharacteriscs
ofthelayoutpage.Theseinclude:pagesize,pageunits,orientaon,andmargins.(SeeFig.
10.2)
Page size

Ther
eareanumberoflargeandsmallformatsizesprovidedbydefaultinArcView.Ifyou
needasizeotherthanthese,youcanuseacustompagesizeanddeneitswidthand
height.Thedefaultpagesizeisderivedfromyourprinter.
4. Select Layout
3. Click OK
2. Select Page Paern
1. Select Layout
User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
20
Page units
Selectpageunitsfromalistofchoices.Thedefaultpageunitsareinches.
Orientaon
Choosebetweenlandscapeandportraitorientaonforthelayoutpage.Thedefault
orientaonisderivedfromyourprinter.Ifyouchangetheorientaon,anynewlayoutswill
usetheneworientaonasthedefault.
Margins
Denemarginsforthepageoruseyourprinter’sdefaultmargins.
Output resoluon
Denestheresoluonthelayoutisprintedandexported
Fig. 9.2
Layout page size
Layout page Units orientaon
Layout page orientaon
Layout page margins orientaon
Layout Out put resoluon
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User’sGuidetoArcView3.3forLandUsePlannersinPualamDistrict
10. Adding Map elements to the layout
Step 1

Scale
Sc
alebarsarecontainedwithinframesinthelayout.Whenyoucreateascalebarframe,it
isassociatedwithaviewframe.Iftheviewframeislivelinked,andthescaleoftheviewis
changedbyzoominginorout,thescalebarwillupdateaccordingly.
• Select
Scale Bar FramefromToolBar(SecondBuonformRightwithRulerSign).
• DragontheView.
• SelecttheView Frame.
• SelectKilometersfromUnits.
• Click
OK. (SeeFig.10.1)
Fig. 10.1
Step 2
Title
• Select
theTexttool.
• Clickwhereyouwantyourtexttobegin.
• TypeyourtextintheText Properes dialogandclickOK (SeeFig.10.2).
1. Select Scale bar frame
2. Select View Frame
3. Select Map Scale