Sarcopenia Age-Related Muscle Wasting and Weakness: Mechanisms and Treatments P1 doc

Sarcopenia – Age-Related Muscle Wasting
and Weakness

Gordon S. Lynch
Editor
Sarcopenia – Age-Related
Muscle Wasting
and Weakness
Mechanisms and Treatments
Editor
Gordon S. Lynch
Department of Physiology
Basic and Clinical Myology Laboratory
The University of Melbourne, Victoria
Australia

ISBN 978-90-481-9712-5 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9713-2
DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9713-2
Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York
© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011
No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written
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of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Printed on acid-free paper
Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Dedicated to my mentor
Professor John A. Faulkner,
with great respect and affection

vii
Contents
Overview of Sarcopenia 1
Gordon S. Lynch
Muscle Wasting in Cancer and Ageing:
Cachexia Versus Sarcopenia 9
Josep M. Argilés, Sílvia Busquets, Marcel Orpi,
Roberto Serpe, and Francisco J. López-Soriano
Age-Related Remodeling of Neuromuscular Junctions 37
Carlos B. Mantilla and Gary C. Sieck
Aging-Related Changes Motor Unit Structure and Function 55
Alexander Cristea, David E. Vaillancourt, and Lars Larsson
Age-Related Decline in Actomyosin Structure and Function 75
LaDora V. Thompson
Excitation-Contraction Coupling Regulation
in Aging Skeletal Muscle 113
Osvaldo Delbono
Alterations in Mitochondria and Their Impact
in Aging Skeletal Muscle 135
Russell T. Hepple
Skeletal Muscle Collagen: Age, Injury and Disease 159
Luc E. Gosselin
Nuclear Apoptosis and Sarcopenia 173
Stephen E. Alway and Parco M. Siu
viii Contents
Age-Related Changes in the Molecular Regulation
of Skeletal Muscle Mass 207
Aaron P. Russell and Bertrand Lèger
Genetic Variation and Skeletal Muscle Traits:
Implications for Sarcopenia 223

Stephen M. Roth
Proteomic and Biochemical Profiling of Aged Skeletal Muscle 259
Kathleen O’Connell, Philip Doran, Joan Gannon,
Pamela Donoghue, and Kay Ohlendieck
Exercise and Nutritional Interventions to Combat
Age-Related Muscle Loss 289
René Koopman, Lex B. Verdijk, and Luc J.C. van Loon
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation
and Skeletal Muscle Wasting – Implications for Sarcopenia 317
Anne McArdle and Malcolm J. Jackson
Exercise as a Countermeasure for Sarcopenia 333
Donato A. Rivas and Roger A. Fielding
Role of Contraction-Induced Injury in Age-Related Muscle
Wasting and Weakness 373
John A. Faulkner, Christopher L. Mendias, Carol S. Davis,
and Susan V. Brooks
Role of IGF-1 in Age-Related Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass
and Function 393
Chris D. McMahon, Thea Shavlakadze, and Miranda D. Grounds
Role of Myostatin in Skeletal Muscle Growth and Development:
Implications for Sarcopenia 419
Craig McFarlane, Mridula Sharma, and Ravi Kambadur
Role of b-Adrenergic Signalling in Skeletal Muscle Wasting:
Implications for Sarcopenia 449
James G. Ryall and Gordon S. Lynch
Index 473
ix
Contributors
Stephen E. Alway
Department of Exercise Physiology, and Center for Cardiovascular

and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine,
Morgantown, WV 26506, USA

Josep M. Argilés
Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular,
Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona

Susan V. Brooks
Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Molecular and Integrative
Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
Sílvia Busquets
Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia,
Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona
Kathleen O’Connell
Department of Biology, National University of Ireland,
Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
Alexander Cristea
Department of Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology,
Uppsala University, Sweden
Carol S. Davis
Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA