Điện Tử - Cơ Sở Thiết Kế Mạch - Design Trên Máy Tính part 13 ppsx

Mi \Ch
lufin
Ilf
cling tlHrong
OU\)'(
!TIa
hlnh
hoa
btmg cac ng{)n
IlgCf
lilu
tl,lC.
Cic
alomat
co
In.mg thai hiIu
hi.m
bicll dicn
hm.11
d(lllg
eua
mach
co the
dW,Je
mo
til bang nhGng
1110
hloh
thu
II,lC
Irang

do
de
bie~n
lu'U
giiI
de
lhClI1g
tin
tn.li1g
thai,
Khi
d6
de
Ihan
t;.ic
cua
otomat
huu
h<;ln
ouve
me)
ta b.\ng
nhCmg
buoe
l~p
dong
b(J
thea
xung
nhjp

dong
h6,
\'I1'i
nhung
phfll1
llil.inil
L'lHly~n
Irang thai lUang ling yoi
Ir<;lng
thai hi¢n
thai.
Day la vf
dy
mn
ta
olomat
hOll
h,-,111
Ihlfc
hl~n
vi¢c
nh:111
bJd
c,\c bIt
'\'
lien
lie~p
l1
dong
dO'

li~u
vao. \10
1;i
dWl'C
\'iet Irell
ngon
ngu' Vl-lDL
architecture
BEHAVIOR
or
RcC is
type STATE_TYPE
is
(STATE_ZERO.
STATCO"E):
signal STATE:
STATE_TYPE:~
STATEjERO:
process
hegin
11
wait
until
clock 'event'
and
clol'k =
'\
';
i[(in
~'l')tben

.
case
STATE is
Hinh
4.5
D6
hlnh
ehlly~n
lrang
th,li ella
(itlJmat
hliu hannhan
bie~t
da)'
de
hit'
I'
lien
licp,
else
end
if
end
process
end BEHAVIOR.
when
=0
STATE ZERO
STATE
¢=

STATE
O"E:
out
¢:::
'0';
when
=0
STATE_OKE
STATE
<=
STATE
O~E:
out
¢:::
'!
';
end
case
STATE
<=
STATE_ZERO,
out
¢:::
'0';
Ta
xet
tnJ'ong
hqp
mo
hlnh

hoa
hllllh
vi
6
muc
kien
true hang nhUng
ngon
ngu
thu
U,Le,
Phuung
thtIC
chung
la bieu
dicn
cae
phep
gan
luan
tt!
cho
d,e
bien
bang
nhDng
cau
true
di~u
khien

lu6ng
thong
lin
nhu
re
nhi-inh, \'ong
85
1'.lp.
g9i
de
m6
hlnh
(
trong
ngiJ
u."luh
ella
de
ng(m ngiJ
HDL,
cae
m6
blnh
IU"O"llg
dU'l1ng
voi
nlllTng
chuang trlnh COil
trong
de

ngan
ngiJ
I~p
trlnh
phfln
lll~m
).
Dietl !lay
e!lO
101
th:iy cae
h~H1h
vi
eLla
mi teh
co
th~
duoc
mo
hlnh
hoa
!lllu'
Et
(flp
h(.1"p
de
phep
toc.in
va
quan

h¢.
Ok
phep lo{m se
wong
lmg v6i
phep g,in, nhom
dc
gi.l.ll
ho~c
de
phcp
gQi
ma
hlnh.
SLr
pill.!
thuQe clla c

te
Mlllg
(hT
ii¢u
vi:'
dong
dicu
khien
se
.xae
d~nh
nhfrng rimg bu\)e vc

trtnh
tL.f
eLla
de
phcp loall va
l11ue
d()
Mmg
thai
tlwe hi¢n
ehlmg
trung
hicll
dien
1116
hlnh.
Vi
du
nhu
klli
ta
m6
1.1.
lap
hqp
de
l~nh
m{lY
h~ng
ngon

ngiJ
VHDL,
ta
co
the
Jlh'~11
dune
elm.1ll
cllLwng trlnh sau.
Ir
<=
[deh
l pc
):
case
ir is
when
~
AND
ace
<=
rcgu
and
rcgh:
when
~
OR
aec
<=
rcga

and
n:gh:
Whl'lI
~XOR
ace
<=
rega
and
rcgh:
when
~
ADD
end
case:
pe<=pc+l:
ace
<=
I"l'ga
and
rcgh:
Do,.tll
ehu(1ng trlnh nay ma
la
ba buoe tlll!e
hi~n.
G(Ji
hiunjdc/i.
h~l.1n
nay
td

h.li
gia trj
eua
Ihanh ghi
iI",
Cic
il!<I
cl10n gia Iri ello
(ICC
tuang
ung
\'O"i
e,i.e
phcp
to{m
duoe
ghi
trong
thanh
ghi I¢nh
il"
\"oi
de
10i.1.11
iWng
ntllH
trong
thanh
ghi
reg(f va

rcgh.
Tang
h9
d~m
chuang
trinh pc len 1.
Ph;}n tlch
de
qua trlnh
tlll.fe
hi~n
1~l1h
ta
thay dong
l~nh
phep loan cu6i
cung e6
th~
tlll.rc
hi¢rl
song
song
vO"i
hai phcp trcn.
Ok
mo
hlnh
banh
eha
phep

bieu
dicn
de
khung
thCii
gian
thl!e hi¢n
ph~p
to,.in
\"oi
nl<)t
nlue
dQ
tl!
do
nhi.lt
djnh.
Vi~e
kiem
soat
tr1nh
II!
thl!e hi¢n
va hanh vi
ella
m',lch theo thai
gian
Cling e6 the
dUQ'e
ma

blnh
hanh vi eung
K6
c£\p. Ta xcI
m()
hlllh
(Jt(m1i11
htiu
h'.l11
dil ncu
('j
\'1
du
tJ'U'lk
IrUt')',,',
VI':,,'
ki':ll1
,,0(11
\'C:
Ihi\i gian duo'c
IIH,rc
hicn
dU'a
\'~IO
cue
loan
IU
dClllg
bt.)
dU't'ii

d'.ll1g
hl~U
tlllrc
elm
clIU
l~nh
wail. Do 1116 hlllh chi
co
llH:I\ to(m
ttl'
\\'elll
1\<:11
ut
c.i
uie
phep
to(\l1
se Ilulc
lll~n
trong
m(lt
YDng
l~p
Ihl)"i
gian, Vi2c
dlCU
khll'll
\'C:
Illi)'j
gian

cho
pilep
til
kiem
.,>oM
trlnh
t~r
Ilmc hien cue plll:p to(m
Cli,1
lll(l
llinh.
Trong
"\
d~L
Inro-e,
hai phcp loun
cHili
ph;,'li
lhl\'e hi¢n
lU:in
tl.r.
Cl)1l
I'!kp
t()(111
thu' ha
co
lh6
: ong
song
YlTi

ml)t lrong hai phep
toun
lren. Do
lit')
1,1
, ':lll
thcnl
ei\c
diu
l~nh
\\'1.111
d~
kie'm
soat
lrinh
\It
111lye
hi¢n
cining:
wait
until
dock'
event
and
clock
=
'J
':
ir
<=

fdeh
(pc):
wait
until
clock'
evcnt
and
dock
= 'J'
Case ir is
when
~
ADD
ace
<=
rcga + regh:
when:::=>
AND
ace
<==
rcga & rcgb:
end
case
pc
<==
pc +
l:
Trong
trUt>"ng
hqp

Jl~IY,
mel
hinh tae
d~lng
v;\o
b(l
mCi
ph(SJl!;;
\'il
b(l
mel
phung
~0
lam
tre
qui\.
tdnh
thu
hai
vi\
thl\' ha.
§·t3,
C~k
Inti hinh triIU tuVng
Trong
1ll\IC
n~ly,
eht"lllg
ta mo
tit

d.c
m()
hlnh
trU'l1
IU\illg dlll1g
dii
bi~u
eliell nweh tren cae
mLi'c
ell)
ph[lll tich
va
theo
cae
goe
d(l
quail
~al
khac
nhau
tren
!TIue
logic
vii
lllLfc
kicn truc. Cae
1110
h1nh lIay thU(Jllg
d~i'a
trcn

uieh
bieu
dien
hang e,ic
do
hinh.
1.
Cac
call
trUe
C[ill true
Cll<.l
m<'.lch
c6
the;
m6
hlnh
hoa
d~fa
\,iiO
de
c,fu
tnk
lien
k~'t.
Oic
dIU true
lien
ke't
hao

g6m
t(lp hgp
de
m6c\un, t.)p h0P
d.c
t1l<lng
k~'t
n6i
yZI
K7
quail
h~
Iicn
ke~t
giUa
ute
m6dun
va
m<.mg
ket noi.
M6
hinh
diu
tnk
e6
the
dU\1C
bieu
dien
btmg

nhieu
d.eh.
Co
the'
bi~u
dien
m6
hinh
c;lU true
mQt
deh
don
gi[lll bAng
de
S[eU
d6
th!. trong
do
moi
dinh
cua
de)
tili
wong
U'ng
\'6i
cae
m6dun
V~I
eung wang (fng \'oj

mang
licn keL
Quan
h~
licn ket
gua
de
m()(lun va m,.mg
dut;1c
m6
tii bang
de
111a
tr~l11
lien kct.
Ta
e6
"jeu
ck,)
th\
tuong
duong
\'6i !ll0t
do
thi hai
phan
eo t(lp
hqp
dinh
ehia

lam
hai phfln,
trong
do
m0t
ph{in
llfcmg
duong
\'61
de
rnodull, ph[in ell])
h.li
wong
duong
Vl1i
de
!lli}ng,
~'l()t
deh
bicu elien
kl1k
ella
e\u
true
I~I
hicu
dH:n
nH)[
m6dun
hAng

de
diem
dAu
euoi
hay
la
eang
\,,\
m6
til
Sl/
kc't noi giil'a
de
Ill'-,lilg
\'O'i
uic
e6ng el\a
mod
un.
Th6ng
Ihu011g
de
ma
tr,~n
lien kct
rt\1
t,.1n
m',m.
khi do slr
dl.ll1g

(\allh
sach
m~l11g
eo
hi~u
qu,i
han
de
m6
la
e[lll true.
Trong
danh
sJch
m'.l11g
ta
d(ll1h
sei
tftt
d
cae
IlWl1g
n6i voi tll'ilg
modun
( danh
saeh
Im.li
nilY
g9i
Iii

danh <leh
1l1<,lng
huang
mbdun
)
11O[le
(i<illil
sCi
t[lt
ca
de
m6dull
kct
neii
v6i
m9t
m'.lllg
( danh s{\eh m',mg
hlt'O'ng
l~wng
).
Vi
dy,
tren
hlnh
4.6
ta
bieu
dicn
cau

tnk
eua
m()t doi
tlfl,1ng
gam
ba khoi
ea
so. Ciie
e,1'u
true
kc't
noi
dL(qe
bieu dien
btlllg
ma tr(m lien ket
vii
do
th!:
._-',
88
· 1
-p,!i
L
m .
. "
Ma
tr~n
lien
ket

&
danh
siteh lien kct:
III
I
1112
Ill.,
1
0
0
I1
1
n
2
il
3
lIinh 4.6
nJ~U
dien
m()
hlntl
c.Yu
tnk,
Cae
cau
true
lien ke't
eo
the
t~\o

thinh
tr~t
ll!
nhu
sau:
nhung
mod
un
Bam
ti,li
cae
nut
la
Ii
de
doi
tuqng
co
sa
eling
t~\P
hqp
de
eang,
Cae
mod
un
kh6ng
nam
t~li

nut hi
l~l
t(\P
hQP
d.e
mbdun
con,
T(Lp
IWp
cae
mi.mg
va
cae
cau
true lien kct sc
gttn
ket
cae
m,.mg
yoi
dc
cring clla
dc
mouun
ho~c
v6i
dc
cong
eua
dc

m{xlull
con.
Trong
Vt
dlJ
tr116c.
cae
modun
c6
th~
co
dura
ute
1l10UUIl
con
nhu'
kh(}i me' Kh(}i
m.:
chLra
cac
kh6i
m:
1
va
01
22
va
cac
cong
Pli'

Pn.
Pl;'
p_,~.
P2"
2.
M~ng
logic
M,.mg 16gic \('lng
quat
Iil.
ITIi)t
cau
true
lrong
d6
nhu-ng
modun
t' II
hi
Wong
ling \'oi
d.c
h~lln
logic
tuan
II!
h04C
16
ht;lp.
Kh,ii tli¢In Bay Ia

kha
tong
qu,it
va
m,.mh.
Ta
gi6i
han
hai llUong htJp doi
vai
nwng
cau
truc:
m' l1lg
logic to
h0P
va
ITI".lOg
logic
dong
hQ.
M<'lI1g
logic t6
hQ'p
hay
can
gt:;ti
ia
m,~ng
Baal

la mQl c,lu truc
phan
cAp.
trong
do:
•
~16i
m6dun
I,.ti
la
tliang
ling
vai
InQI
ham
logic
co
nhieu
diiu
V~IO
\,~l
m()t dilu ra.
Ham
nay
gqi
\;J.
h~l\n
el:lc
bO.
•

Ole
cang
vilo ra
dLrtJc
chi a
lam
hai
nhom:
dc
c6ng
\,~IO
\'~I
dc
cong
ra.
Ck
c6ng
kh6ng
thuQc
dc
mMun
can
cling dl1qc chi a
lam
hai
nhom:
dc
dau
vito va doc
dd.u

ra
so
dip.
•
\tlc')i
m,~ng
c6
IlH?t
c6ng
tach
bi~t
gqi
iil.
cring
nguon
\'~I
co
djnh
lmong
tlr
cong
nguon
t6i
dc
cong
khac.
o.IC
c6ng
nguon
ella

Ill

mg
c6
the
ho(\c la ctiu
d.o
so
cfip
hO(IC
la
daLl
ra
so
(fip
dla
IlH",dun
thuQC
IllUC
thrip hon.
Tren
tlwc Ie'.
cong
ngu6n
con
co
the
EI
dc
Mill

ra
ella nhu-ng ham
Cl:lC
ht).
•
Quan
he
giu-<\
dc
nwng
trong
m6dun
la
quan
h¢
dU(K
sAp
11191
phan.
a :
b =1
p=
ab
i-
1
x
n~
q =
p+c
:- y

M()t
m'.lI1g
logic
co
the
dU0C
bic"u
dien
king
cac
eto
th!.
Dc"
dOll
gi,-'tn.
lit
xcm
xGI
tru'ang h0P rnallg
kh6ng
phfll1
cAp.
86
thi
m:.lI1g
l6gic
G,,(V,E)
la
del
th!

co
hu6ng
Irong
et6
t(lp htJp
C,-lC
dinh
V
chua
d.c
phan
tLr
IiI
wang
u'ng
"m9t-
,
,
c-:
Hlnh 4.8 Sa do Illang logic.
mOl" v6i
d.c
diiLl
\'~IO
sa
cap.
cac
ham
Cl:lC
b<)

(
Iii.
dc
modun
) va
cae
dd.u
ra
so
cAp.
T~p
IH;tp
d.c
cLIng
co
huong
E
bicu
dicn
sY'
phflll tach m,.mg
nhicu
qrc
thanh
dc
m' lIlg
hai clJc.
Then
ctjnh
nghTa.

do
Ihi nh(lll
duvc
se
kh6ng
chua
m~\ch
vong
hai
VI
nwng
hI
dl1t;1c
sflp
89
/
-"
, Va.:
~/-
,

Vp
::
'
'",
IIlnh
·t9
So
do
Illang logIc-

m()l phfin d6i
\'O'i
de
m6dull. Hlnh
,-1 9
the
hi¢n
do th!
mang
ltigle
ella
du
tnk
6 h1nh
, UL
trong
do:
v
",Vh'\',
n ha dlllh \';\0:
v"v): hal
dl11h
ra:
VI"\"I:
hai dillh trung glan tHong
{fng
\'('1i
cae
h~un
I()gic.

Mi,mg
logic lit hicli dicil h(m hop
theu
eau
true
V~l
hanh
vi,
VI
cae
eo
ehe
1ii.?11
k2"t
cung
cap cac cau true. con
cie
hilln logic
chra
ra
hanh
vi
!,.ti
cae
eang
ella
dc
modun
!lam lili nul
I,i.

Trong
m(lt
so
Inrlmg
IWp,
de
h~lln
logic kh6ng
Ihe'
tillfc
hl~1I
dUq"c
nhu
ViJy
VI
d.e
gi6i
h,-,111
ky
thu(11.
Vi
dl.l
ham
AND
64
(hiu vau e6
Ihoi
bicll chen himg
cae
hilln

qle
b(l
ella
m,.mg
logic. Nlllrng trong
k5'
thlli~t
h;lIn
AND
tl6 co
Ihd
dm,1C
phan tach thanh t(lp
hqp
de
phAn
ILl'
Ar ;D
hai eong
vii
UO
L16
co
e~lu
Irue
khac
v6i
han
dilU.
Trang

nhCIng
tll1lmg
hqp
ma
m~U1g
logie dung
de
m6 ta
de
lien
ke't
giiIa
dc
cong
16gic.
ta
eo
bicu dien cau true t!IlUhl
tuY'.
PIHln
h'm,
lll'-,Illg
logic
SU
u~lng
doi
bieu dien
cie
ham logic
e6

nhieu
dUll
\"ilo-d~iu
ra
himg phuong phiip
cAu
true.
Th{lt
v,-)y.
cae
I1li,1ng
logic CIS
luang
lluan
"m(ll
- m(lC \'6i
h~l1n
vilo / ra logic to hqp, Chung
1<-1
c6
th~
nh<~n
dLf<jc
h~lIn
nay bang dlCh
kc'[
h<.ip
de
hiun n,le b¢ \'di nhau
de:

xac dillh
dc
(ttu
ra Sl1 Ctp
Ih~o
de
dill!
\',\0
"Ci
e:'ln. Thono thuQ'llo
de
hilln \'J.o/ra kh6ng the de (btu!
bie:u
die!! du6i
(I<In"
I'
D
LO
L" /;)
ehurin dc,
VI
(iL,1
nhu
ch.lIlg
ehurin tac tuycn
hO~le
ht)i,
hO(lc
duoi u;mg
cic

S(1
do
qlly~t
djllh nhi
phJn
do
k[Ch
Ihu'de
v21
d(l phuc
l<.lp
ella
hilill. D6
lit
lllt)t
trong
cIc
nguyell
nhfm
su-
dl,lllg
m6 hinh
llli,Il1g
kigie.
Mei
hlnh n,\y cung
kh6ng ph",i ia biell (lien duy
nlH'lt
ella cae nwch
10

bqp.
Cic
nwng logic co dong
bt)
ia tru'ong
IWp
t6ng
l\U[lt
h6a
eLla
dc
1ll<.lIlg
logic
[6
hqp.
M'.lIlg
logic
\m.li
nay dung
dC'
IllO
I,,'t
<.:ac
lll<,leh
lUan
Il,r
iillll
vi~c
Iheo
ehl>'

tI(1
dong
bl\
Trang
m6 hlnh nily cac moctlln
li.li
la
c{l
the:
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ct~
m6
l,i
de
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hqp
c{l
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dau vao
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an
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lng khong nhSt Ihiet
phi"ti
clLrQ'c
S{lp
ti:mg
ph[in tll'lmg ung
v6i
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modun. Tuy
nhiC'Jl.
11101
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dc
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ngu6n
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de
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t!"lIong
hqp
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n~ly
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nhfrng:
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dong
b9 kh6ng chua
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v(mg
ph,,'\l1
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dc

nli,leh
to
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su
do
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phuong
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lllue logie,
cae
nwch
day
co
th~
duqe
bi~ll
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d.c
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X,
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8,
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>,
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X
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I,~p
h(/p
de
k)' tl! vao
eua
616111<1t.
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Ii
1(lp
hqp
cac
ky
II! ra ella
alamat.
S
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IWp
CiIC
tr<.ll1g
thai ella
diamat.
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IH.1p
de
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de
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X x S

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Moore.
Vii
S,)
la
tl"i.ll1g
Ih;.ii
kh6i dOng ella
6t6mal.
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ehuyen
If' ll1g
tluii ella
6t6mat
ehua
d.c
tfi lI1g
thili
clwyen
licp
va
nhiJng hilm
ra.

T1J'ung
lrng voi
eae
b;'mg
chuyen
tn.lI1g
th{li, khi
bi~u
di&n
atomal
btUlg
do
th! ta
eo
sO
do
ehuyen
tr<.lI1g
thili.
So
do
ehuyc'n
1r<.lI1g
thai
Ill.
mQt
do
thi
co
hlf{Jng (;,(V,E),

trong
do:
-
T~p
hop
de
dinh
ella
do
thi V
tuang
ung
"11191
-
ITIQI"
v6i t(lp
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cae
trang
thai
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6tomat.
-
T~lp
h<.1p
de
eung
co
huong
E tHong

It'ng
"11191

mQI" voi
st.J'
ehuyen
tiep
tr'.l11g
Iluli.
NhCing
W
ehuy{n
tic'p Irang
thai
nay
du'q'c
d~\C
Inmg
b6i hiun
ehuyen
li6p
t
D~\C
hi¢l,
cung
(
V"
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t' li
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t611
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vao
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cho
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~
s"
'd
i,j
~
1,2,

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I.
Trong
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ot6mat
Mealy
moi
eung
dU'<;1c
g{m nhlin
b<1i
e(lp k)' tl!

XIA(X,
s,).
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trang
mo
hinh
6t6mat
Moore
moi
cling
dHq'c
gtlll
nhan
b<'ii
or.
va
moi
dinh
I', E S duq'c
dan
nhun
IU<1ng
ung
voi
hilIl1
ra
'A.(s;).
Ta
hay
xci

vi
dl.l
ot6mal
Mealy
Ilwc
hi¢1l
\'i~e
dong
b9
giiJa hai
lin
hi~u.
Cic
d'-Iu
vao so
cap
la a va h, lIn
hi~u
khiJ"i
1,.10
f.
Otomal
co
mQt
duu
nl
S<1
dp
o. Dtiu ra 0
nh(1ll

gia
tri
'I'
n6u hai tin hi¢u a
vi:t
b el:mg
dong
Ihoi
nh~1ll
gi<i
trj
fl"l/C
ho~e
lrong
tlUang
hop
m¢ttfn
hi¢u
Ilh,~n
gia
tf!
fl"ll(,
con
tin
hieu
kia
nh(1l1
gia Irj
Trill!
trong

thai
diem
tnr6e d6.
Otomal
eo
bon
tn
__
~ng
th{ti
"~IU:
Tn.lllg
th{li
khi1i
d<)ng
sll'
-
Tn.ll1g
thai
nh6
Sl
khi a
ia
lrue
"a
b lalalse,
91