tiết 34 sự phát triển của sinh giới qua các đại địa chất


 !"#$%
Hóa thạch đốt xương sống Khủng long
Titanosaurus
Hóa thạch Tay Cuộn (&'(%') tuổi Devon, con vật có
tên Eurypirifer tonkinensis, tìm thấy trong vùng Lũng cú,
cực bắc của Việt Nam
Hóa thạch con
Chim thủy tổ
Archaeopteryx
tuổi Trias, tìm
thấy trong vùng
Bavarie, CHLB
Đức
Hóa thạch )(%*+%,in
trên đá núi lửa ở Tanzania:
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34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34
.4EF%%$'
G H' +%(% I
+J(%(,'K%
+ KL +
(( +% M
+N(O MP I
+ (( IN
M)+ M (,' Q
+M)+4

34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34
.4EF%%$'
G H' +%(% +% R I
((K%+STM-(H+%P
I + SU ( +%PO (H +%P I
"U+%V(+%P/O(("%
WO"%QK%+%H'
MO MX Y% I W( K% +
MZ( S [ + S
+\+O + %] %(%4 ^U+
KL K% + %_ 'O )+ J+
%R( Y%X S\ M] K N
+N( M* MZ( ( I 
%H'+%(%KL4
34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34
.4+%(%I`a
04Ab%`%+%%%+%(%
GA%+(%\+MO%V"c"SF%*%,O%V(d
(eI+M)+
fE)+S'%,O+Y%+LS+g
%H'+%(%Y%X4
f ((%)+Y%I)MVY%+LO%`%+%%
K%+STMg%H'+%(%Y%X+4
G^U+KLK%+Y%(%\+MZ(hi+
((INS-"'"j+/O%]%(%-Y\/OY%XY%J
Y%X-SeK+/444
34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34

.4+%(%I`a
24'+e(,'%+%(%+%(dIF(%Kk%++P(,'K%
N
04Ab%`%+%%%+%(%
GH'+%(%IST(%d+b(+\MPS\+MZ(IF(%Kk
%+K%O%++P(,'K%+4
GlI_[mMP%(dIF(%KkQ+M)+4
334@ AB6:3C <9A33D3n?9 6 E73E@9 o4
.4_+Z+X+Ip(MF'4
G%_+Z(%P
(,'((Ip(MF'-((%\
Y\ +/  IN 
%'"H(%SN
(%PMU4
34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34
GAb+X+Ip(MF'I"+%'M]cMF'(%)+gKbS\
M]"%"qcY%J%(,'((Ip(MF'Ol+N(H+%PI
%hMZ+M+_+(%,%I+((IOK'MHI
+%MP"Sr]Kb%+K%((I"N4
Ab+X+Ip(MF'(Hm
%$'`MLNKb%+
+P(,'K%Na
334@ AB6:3C <9A33D3n?9 6 E73E@9 o4
.4_+Z+X+Ip(MF'4
34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34
Phương pháp xác định tuổi đất và hóa thạch:
s#(MF%+]%H'+%(%%%*+J(%MtF%HW
+%H'+%(%%R(+INM)+M(%d'%H'+%(%

ER(MP" %%r
?'%HW
%%r
'(S%HW
+L
%HW
?'02u-
02u
?/ '(S.1-
.1
/
%Y`Sv
1Ow+x" wy2z"
{\+[
#(MF%MZ(+]((
INM)+M%H'+%(%
%+_"4
#(MF%MZ(+]((
INM)+M%H'+%(%
I+Nyw4zzz"4
334@ AB6:3C <9A33D3n?9 6 E73E@9 o4
.4_+Z+X+Ip(MF'4
04A%++((MMF'(%)+
* Căn cứ phân định thời gian địa chất:
34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34
G |b'  %h S\ (L IN c Y%J
%O MF' (%)+ MP %* MF% "L( +%
'MF'(%)+
f^R+M)+*IO%WL4

fEIp((%P+%}(%c'4
fAb(%PMU+j4
fAb%++P(,'S%4
G |b'  %h S\ (L +  ((
%H'+%(%MP%`%gIF(%KkKbKL
(%' I" w M % (]O  K%O
]K%OK%O*K%4
334@ AB6:3C <9A33D3n?9 6 E73E@9 o4
]K%
}("
2zz
(MIp(IY\+N%'4&
%4{%J%Y%XOI%4
%* % Se K+ (]4 %* % (X +r4
_+_+%cMU+SP4
'(S
2~z
EVYx!"HOcK'+•
I%Y%X4
| Wx %+ +P "%4 %b( + (H %+
W)+%_4€(b+F4%+K%SeK+4
EX
1.~
{%J%Ip(MF'Y%X%'%O}SP
!"N+4`%+%%K'"(4
%*%(W4%+K%I€(O(X
+r4
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SP * ('4 {%J % H 
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_+%cK%+4
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Y%(W'%_'4{%J[P%c
5
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K%
0wzz
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+(%MU+(]%)+4
+%(%K%+%*+%b((]%)+4
%(] 2wzz +%(%%*K(]%)+4
1~zz E)+%`%+%%4
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E {x
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A%+MP%`%
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~w
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'4{%J%MVYx)"O(L
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Y%X4
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% MU + (H j4 L Yx
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34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34
334@ AB6:3C <9A33D3n?9 6 E73E@9 o4
.4_+Z+X+Ip(MF'4
04A%++((MMF'(%)+
* Sinh vật trong các đại địa chất.
E
%(]
E

K%
 E)+ l + '
MY\+"%"qO(H
Kb %* SL I Ip( MF' 
M 4 j Ik' %+
MUOW)+%_((K%+
S( +%)  Kb KL +
+NN(4
* Căn cứ phân định thời gian địa chất:
E7363 ƒ
E73?„=A3

{x '"S
5(MX(
{xAI'
Kỉ Pecmi
Kỉ cacbon
M(%%%p(M)+Ic
(,'+%b(+OMU+4
E
]K%
34 56 7  8 93 :; <9 6  56 7  :5 3=
>?@ AB6:3C <9A33D34
334@ AB6:3C <9A33D3n?9 6 E73E@9 o4
.4_+Z+X+Ip(MF'4
04A%++((MMF'(%)+
{x'+{x‚'
{x{+'
M%t+%F%(,'(*
++V&eK+4
E

K%
* Sinh vật trong các đại địa chất.
* Căn cứ phân định thời gian địa chất:
^U+KL[\++V
^U+KL+%b(

+%+YJ
+%,
-(*%'I
"V"/