Lạc nội mạc tử cung (endometriosis) ppt

Lạc nội mạc tử cung
(endometriosis)





What causes endometriosis?
1. Retrograde Menstruation Theory (promoted by Dr. John Sampson in the
1920's). He surmised that menstrual tissue flows backwards through the fallopian
tubes and deposits on the pelvic organs where it seeds and grows.
2. Some doctors have concluded that an immune system dysfunction or hormonal
problem may be a trigger.
3. The Genetic Theory suggests that women may have a genetic predisposition to
developing endometriosis.
4. Other theories assert that endometrial fragments travel through the bloodstream
or the lymphatic system to other parts of the body. This may explain how
endometriosis ends up in the lung, brain, skin, or eye.
5. Research conducted by Dr. Sherry Rier and sponsored by the Endometriosis
Association shows a link between dioxin exposure and the development of
endometriosis.
What are some of the warning signs which may indicate endometriosis?
First, you have to understand that endometriosis is a very sneaky and elusive
disease. It refuses to live by any rules, so it can manifest itself in a variety of ways.
Because the location of the lesions have a great deal to do with the symptoms,
each woman's symptoms will vary. In general, though, some of the hallmark
symptoms of endometriosis include pelvic pain, pain before and/or after
menstruation, severe menstrual cramps (the kind that require more than a few
aspirin), painful intercourse, painful orgasms, heavy or irregular menstrual
bleeding, painful bowel movements (often involving cycles of diarrhea and
constipation), infertility, intestinal distress (bloating, vomiting, nausea), lower

back pain which may radiate down the legs, bladder pain and/or frequency, and
fatigue. However, some women with endometriosis don't have any symptoms and
may not know they have endometriosis until a problem, such as infertility, is
discovered. Interestingly, the extent of endometriosis has no correlation to the
amount of pain a woman will experience.
How is diagnosis of endometriosis made?
Currently, the only way to definitively diagnose endometriosis is through
laparoscopy(surgery in which a lighted scope is inserted into small incisions in the
abdomen). Because visual diagnosis can be tricky, suspected endometriosis is
often removed and sent to pathology for histological confirmation.
Physicians who treat endometriosis frequently may be able to feel endometriosis
nodules during a pelvic exam and make a preliminary diagnosis based on their
findings and a woman's history of symptoms. However, laparoscopy plus biopsy
will show conclusive evidence of the disease as well as its extent; and often,
treatment can be done at the same time.