Session 2: Introduction to Windows pot

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Introduction to Windows
Session 2
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Session Objectives
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Explain the concept of an Operating System
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Explain the concept of Networking

Explain workgroup and domain models
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Identify features of Windows Operating
System family

Define some commonly used terminology

Explain concept of sharing in Windows
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Introduction to Operating Systems
“An operating system is a program that acts as an
interface between the user and the computer
hardware and controls the execution of all kinds of
programs.”
THE USER
Floppy disk Hard disk
Storage Devices
Output device

Printer / Monitor
THE OPERATING
SYSTEM
M
E
M
O
R
Y
The Control Unit / The ALU
Central Processing Unit
Input device
Keyboard
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Functions of an Operating System

It loads itself into memory.
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It loads user program into memory.
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It loads required data into memory.
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It interprets program instructions.
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Gives instruction to display results on screen.
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It manages resources.
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Single-user system
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Has a single CPU and one set of I/O devices.
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Popular example - Microsoft Disk Operating
system or MS-DOS.
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Multi-user systems

More than one user can work on system

Each user could be working on different set of
programs and data
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Central computer acts as server
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Data and programs stored on server
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All processing is done by server

Computers connected as nodes or workstations
function as dumb terminals or intelligent terminals

Common multi-user system is UNIX
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Introduction to Networking
“A computer network is a data communication network
wherein two or more computers and peripheral

devices are linked together”.

Connection may be permanent (where cables are
used) or temporary (through phone lines).

Various devices are connected through network
interface card (NIC).
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Illustration of a Computer Network
= Communication network node
= Network station
Communications network
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Uses of Networking

Centralised storage

Sharing data and resources
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Remote database and program access

Communication

Economical
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Types of Network


Based on geographical location, networks can
be classified as:

Local Area Network (LAN)

Enterprise Networks

Wide Area Network (WAN)
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Components of a network

Network Operating System

Servers
•
File server
•
Database server
•
Archive server
•
Print server

Clients (nodes or workstations)

Cabling System

Shared resources and peripherals
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Workgroups and Domains

In Windows NT two prevalent modes of
grouping networked computers:
–
Workgroups
–
Domains
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Workgroup Model

Networked computers grouped physically or logically.
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One or more of computers - shared resources.
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Computers share peer-to-peer relationship.
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Local account database.

Resources / administration distributed throughout
computers on workgroup.
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Workgroup Model (contd.)

Advantages
–
Simple design makes it easy to implement

–
Easy to share resources
–
Convenient for a limited number of users

Disadvantages
–
No centralised management
–
Duplication of accounts
–
Inefficient on a large network
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Domain Model

Networked computers are grouped logically.
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One or more computer (s) having shared resources.
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Centralised domain directory database contains user
accounts and security information of all users in that
domain.

All computers in domain share this database.
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Domain Model (contd.)

One of the computers is configured as central server

or primary domain controller (PDC).
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The PDC maintains the centralised domain directory
database.

Typically an additional server is connected which acts
as backup domain controller (BDC).
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Domain Model (contd.)

Advantages
–
Centralised administration .
–
Security management is centralised.

Disadvantages
–
Administration is more complex.
–
Sharing resources is more complex.
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The World of Windows

Command line interface, users have to know
relevant DOS commands.
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Windows - graphical user interface (GUI).


Initial versions of Windows rode on top of
DOS (Disk Operating System).
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Windows 4.0 family of operating systems
combines operating system technology of
DOS and graphical user interface of earlier
versions.
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Windows Operating System

Windows Longhorn

Windows 2003
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Windows XP
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Windows 2000

Windows Me

Windows 98

Windows 95

Windows NT Workstation
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Windows NT Server
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Windows Operating System family
(contd.)

Similarities
–
common user interface
–
features and utilities
–
32-bit operating systems
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Windows 2000 Professional

Features:
–
Easier to use
–
Easier to manage
–
More compatible
–
More powerful
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Features of Windows 2000
Professional(contd.)
Easier to use


With Windows 2000 Professional, you have faster
access to information, and you are able to
accomplish tasks more quickly and easily.

Windows 2000 Professional makes it easier to:
–
Work with files.
–
Find information.
–
Personalize your computing environment.
–
Work on the Web.
–
Work remotely.
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Features of Windows 2000
Professional(contd.)
Easier to manage

You and your network administrators can work more
efficently now, because many of the most common
computer-management tasks are automated and
streamlined with Windows 2000 Professional.

With Windows 2000, your workstation will be easier
to:
–
Set up.

–
Administer.
–
Support.
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Features of Windows 2000
Professional(contd.)
More compatible

Windows 2000 Professional offers increased
compatibility with different types of networks
and with a wide array of legacy hardware and
software.

Windows 2000 also provides:
–
Improved driver support.
–
Increased support for new-generation
hardware and multimedia technologies.
–
Integration of the new Euro currency
symbol.
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Features of Windows 2000
Professional(contd.)
More powerful


For all your computing needs,
Windows 2000 Professional provides:
–
Industrial-strength reliability.
–
The highest level of security.
–
Powerful performance.