Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics Language Skills Practice phần 9 pptx

Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics: Language Skills Practice Answer Key
55
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we ordered from
[15]
us tongue depres-
sors to use as finger splints and other, longer
wood splints. One sales clerk
[16]
us where
to get triangular bandages. Every time we went
to the grocery store, we
[17]
our eyes
open for baking soda, salt, antiseptic soap,
paper cups, and adhesive bandages. Mom
[18]
sheets and towels on sale. By the time
we completed our first-aid kit, we had
[19]
adhesive tape, bandages, aspirin, and an eye-
dropper. As his contribution, Dad had
[20]
home scissors, tweezers, and needle-
nose pliers from the hardware store.
Irregular Verbs D, p. 121
EXERCISE
Irregular Verbs E,p. 122
EXERCISE
1.
Kara knew the answer to the question.

2.
Have they already maked the salad for the
party?
3.
We have rode our bikes on this street many
times.
4.
You must have heared that noise last night.
5.
Someone left the tools out in the rain.
6.
He had ringed the doorbell twice.
7.
Sam has already swum fifty laps this week.
8.
Had he wrote that note on the chalkboard?
9.
Sarita had putted the milk in the
refrigerator.
10.
The children slided all the way to the bot-
tom of the hill.
11.
Have you saw my shoes?
12.
Jarrell sung a solo in last night’s concert.
13.
Those girls had ate all the popcorn.
14.
The trees shaked during the storm.

15.
Has a yellow jacket ever stinged anyone in
your family?
16.
Lightning striked the tall pine tree on the
ridge of the hill.
17.
Some students have drawed illustrations
for their reports.
18.
My uncle taked me to the movies last
weekend.
19.
I have weared my favorite jacket to school
every day this month.
20.
Mr. Williams teached geography last year.
Tense, p. 123
EXERCISE
1.
I need a hat.
2.
They buy a car.
3.
She gives a speech.
4.
You go home.
5.
We eat lunch.
6.

He studies for three hours.
7.
They sing in the choir.
8.
I walk to the store.
9.
You hand me the book.
10.
We will vote by tomorrow.
1.
flown
2.
won
3.
chose
4.
worn
5.
frozen
6.
threw
7.
come
8.
broken
9.
lit
10.
ridden
11.

fought
12.
drew
13.
sang
14.
led
15.
shook
16.
torn
17.
swam
18.
eaten
19.
wrote
20.
saw
bring
buy
find
keep
tell
send
found
bought
brought
sent
kept

told
C
rung
C
C
made
ridden
heard
written
put
taught
worn
took
drawn
struck
slid
seen
sang
eaten
shook
needed
have bought
will give
had been going
were eating
will have been studying
will be singing
am walking
had handed
will have voted

stung
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LEMENTS OF LANGUAGE
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11.
You do your homework.
12.
She brings the groceries in.
13.
He leaves it here.
14.
I rake the yard.
15.
We write letters.
16.
She does the dishes.
17.
The alarm rings early.
18.
She tells the story.
19.
The clock strikes one.
20.
I throw the ball.
Consistency of Tense A,p. 124
EXERCISE

1.
She had ridden a bicycle for ten years
before she starts to ride a unicycle.
2.
Carlos scored the winning point and the
fans had cheered with excitement. [or
Carlos scored the winning point and the
fans had cheered with excitement.]
3.
Jared rushed into the room and stops to
catch his breath. [or Jared rushed into the
room and stops to catch his breath.]
4.
Why didn’t he shut the window before he
leaves the house? [or Why didn’t he shut
the window before he leaves the house?]
5.
The cat twitched its tail once, curled into a
ball, and quickly falls asleep.
6.
Karinna has already finished her research
and wrote most of her report. [or Karinna
has already finished her research and wrote
most of her report.]
7.
My mother came in, takes one look at the
mess in the kitchen, and sat down in a chair.
8.
We will need to return this book to the
library after we had finished it. [or We will

need to return this book to the library after
we had finished it.]
9.
The sailboat sank because its hull breaks.
10.
After we drank the milk, we will eat all the
apples. [or After we drank the milk, we
will eat all the apples. or After we drank the
milk, we will eat all the apples.]
11.
Every day, he takes out the trash, sweeps
the floor, and wiped off the counter.
12.
I will sing the alto part if Wynne will have
sung the soprano part.
13.
Cassie has dropped the glass of water when
the door slammed behind her.
14.
The sun broke through the clouds shortly
after the rain stops. [or The sun broke
through the clouds shortly after the rain
stops.]
15.
On Saturdays, we usually visit our grand-
parents and ate lunch at a restaurant. [or
On Saturdays, we usually visit our grand-
parents and ate lunch at a restaurant.]
16.
If you will bring the shirt to my house, I

will have sewed on the button.
17.
He had been knocking on the door for ten
minutes before they open it.
18.
I sought a safe shelter whenever I see light-
ning in the sky. [or I sought a safe shelter
whenever I see lightning in the sky.]
19.
You either left your shoes on the front
porch or had thrown them under the bed.
20.
The child laughed, covered her eyes, and
has begun counting to a hundred.
have been doing
will bring
was leaving
had raked
will be writing
will have done
rang
had been telling
has struck
have been throwing
started
cheered
had scored
stopped
rushes
left

doesn’t
fell
written
took
finish
broke
drink
have drunk
have finished
ate
wipes
will sing
dropped
[had] stopped
breaks
eat
visited
will sew
opened
seek
saw
threw
began
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Consistency of Tense B, p. 125
EXERCISE

Answers may vary slightly.
I can’t wait to tell you about my exciting
weekend! My family
[1]
(plan) a quiet weekend.
We had only a few errands to run, and we
[2]
(think) a picnic would be fun. We
[3]
(take)
out the map and chose a park not far from here.
Then we
[4]
(fill) our cooler with food and
drinks,
[5]
(load) everything into the car, and
started off. Well, we
[6]
(get) about ten miles
when we realized that dark clouds
[7]
(begin) to
gather overhead. We turned the car around and
[8]
(head) back home. After we
[9]
(eat) our
lunch, we
[10]

(look) at the movie schedules.
Everyone
[11]
(get) back in the car, and off we
[12]
(drive) again. When we arrived at the
theater, however, we
[13]
(realize) that the
movie already
[14]
(start). My brother
[15]
(look) at an old newspaper and the schedule
had changed! By the time we
[16]
(reach) the
house again, the storm
[17]
(be) really raging.
The lights were out because the storm
[18]
(knock) down some power lines earlier. We
[19]
(spend) the rest of the afternoon and night
sitting in the dark, listening to the wind and the
rain, and telling stories. We will probably never
forget the weekend when absolutely nothing
[20]
(go) according to plan!

Active and Passive Voice, p. 126
EXERCISE
Using the Passive Voice, p. 127
EXERCISE A
1.
My grandfather gave all of us a tour of the
ranch.
2.
The new technician had developed the
pictures.
3.
A well-known architect designed these
buildings.
4.
The students looked up the words in a
dictionary.
5.
Jeff’s parents drove us to the movies.
EXERCISE B
Answers may vary somewhat.
6.
PV
7.
PV
8.
The bird caught a grasshopper.
9.
Many in the audience appreciated the
performance.
10.

PV
11.
PV
12.
PV
13.
The students answered multiplication
problems.
14.
PV
15.
My brother and Anthony hung the festive
lanterns.
Lie and Lay, p.128
EXERCISE
1.
laid
2.
lying
3.
lay
4.
lay
5.
laid
6.
lain
7.
laying
8.

laid
9.
Lie
10.
lies
11.
lain
12.
lying
13.
laid
14.
lie
15.
lay
16.
laying
17.
laid
18.
lying
19.
Lay
20.
lay
5.
PV
6.
AV
7.

AV
12.
AV
13.
PV
14.
AV
19.
PV
20.
AV
1.
PV
2.
PV
3.
AV
4.
PV
8.
PV
9.
PV
10.
PV
11.
AV
15.
AV
16.

PV
17.
AV
18.
PV
planned
thought
took
filled
loaded
got
had begun
headed
ate
looked
got
drove
realized
had started
had looked
reached
was
had knocked
spent
went
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LEMENTS OF LANGUAGE

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Sit and Set, p.129
EXERCISE
Rise and Raise, p. 130
EXERCISE
Six Troublesome Verbs, p. 131
EXERCISE A
EXERCISE B
We set in the balcony for the performance of
Les Misérables. Before the curtain raised, the
orchestra began to play. The play raises many
issues about right and wrong. A man has laid in
jail for many years for stealing a loaf of bread.
Now out of jail, he cannot find work. Tired,
hungry, and desperate, he steals, among other
things, two candlesticks that are laying in a cup-
board at a church. Although the man spends his
life doing kind deeds for others, a police officer
trails him endlessly, trying to lie the old case to
rest.
Mood, p. 132
EXERCISE A
EXERCISE B
Review A:Verb Forms,p. 133
EXERCISE A
1.
they have took
2.
has it began

3.
the dog laid down
4.
they have went
5.
it was setting on the step
6.
we have swam there
7.
had instruct the jury
8.
it has shrank
9.
we seen him
10.
we had throwed them out
EXERCISE B
Review B: Consistency of Tense;Voice, p. 134
EXERCISE A
Last summer, I
[1]
to spend a
week with my cousins at their summer cottage
in Wisconsin. My sister drove me to Chicago
and
[2]
me on the train for Milwaukee.
puts
was invited
11.

asked
12.
spoken
13.
chose
14.
begun
15.
gave
16.
eaten
17.
lay
18.
rose
19.
came
20.
rode
11.
went
12.
wash
13.
put
14.
were
15.
Pass
1.

IMP
2.
IND
3.
IMP
4.
IND
5.
SUBJ
6.
SUBJ
7.
IMP
8.
IND
9.
IND
10.
SUBJ
1.
lying; sitting
2.
rose; raised
3.
set; lay
4.
sat; lay
5.
risen; lain
1.

Raise
2.
risen
3.
raise
4.
risen
5.
raising
6.
rise
7.
rose
8.
raised
9.
Rise
10.
raised
11.
rising
12.
raised
13.
rose
14.
raising
15.
raised
16.

rising
17.
raised
18.
rose
19.
risen
20.
raised
1.
set
2.
set
3.
Set
4.
setting
5.
sitting
6.
set
7.
set
8.
sat
9.
Sit
10.
sat
11.

setting
12.
sat
13.
set
14.
sitting
15.
sat
16.
sat
17.
set
18.
sit
19.
sitting
20.
set
sat
rose
lain
lying
lay
taken
begun
lay
gone
sitting
swum

instructed
shrunk
saw
thrown
C
put
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Just as the train was about to pull out, my sister
[3]
me my ticket. She
[4]
me to
take good care of it, but I told her that I
[5]
not a baby and that I
[6]
n’t advice
about what to do with a train ticket. After a few
moments the train
[7]
, and soon the
conductor came down the aisle with his ticket
punch. Looking in my wallet, I
[8]
with horror that my ticket was not there. The
conductor, with a puzzled look on his face,

[9]
me searching frantically through
my pockets. Finally he
[10]
, “If you’re
looking for your ticket, it’s lying on the seat
beside you. May I have it, please?”
EXERCISE B
11.
The bell was rung by Ramash.
12.
Clarence is pouring the milk.
13.
The mail was brought by our new
carrier.
14.
The curtains were ironed by
Darob.
15.
The security guard has sounded
the alarm.
16.
Nina was chosen as class represen-
tative by the principal.
17.
The cat curled up by the fireplace.
18.
We will have finished this project
by 2:30.
19.

That fire was put out by volunteer
firefighters.
20.
A mess was made by my brother’s
friends.
Review C:Verb Forms,p. 135
EXERCISE A
1.
you have swam
2.
I seen it
3.
he has took
4.
you had throwed it out
5.
he has went
6.
she has spoke
7.
it begun
8.
it has laid under the desk
9.
I have sat it down
10.
the cloth has wore out
EXERCISE B
Review D: Consistency of Tense;Voice, p. 136
EXERCISE A

Answers may vary slightly.
[1]
Once she amazes her family and friends
by flying to Los Angeles to see the 1984
Olympics.
[2]
Her decision to go comes as a
shock, since she had never flown before.
[3]
Her sister teased her about changing her
mind until the moment the family leaves her in
the airport waiting room.
[4]
To Mother’s relief,
the flight is uneventful.
[5]
The Olympics are
not.
[6]
Los Angeles was so packed that she has
problems finding a hotel room.
[7]
Fortunately,
she had cousins there who invite her to stay
with them.
[8]
From the start, she hopes to see
Carl Lewis run, so she was thrilled to learn that
her cousins had an extra ticket to the 100-meter
dash.

[9]
For ten long seconds Mom sat on the
edge of her seat, keeps her fingers crossed, and
cheered loudly.
[10]
It is thrilling for her to see
Lewis win one of his four gold medals.
11.
became
12.
lay
13.
known
14.
ridden
15.
rose
16.
caught
17.
frozen
18.
spoken
19.
begun
20.
brought
PV
PV
AV

AV
PV
AV
PV
PV
AV
PV
says
watches
realized
started
needdid
am
remindsgave
C
reminded
was
C
C
C
watched
said
Ramash rang the bell.
Our new carrier brought the mail.
Darob ironed the curtains.
My brother’s friends made a mess.
Volunteer firefighters put out that
The principal chose Nina as class
representative.
fire.

worn
set
lain
began
spoken
gone
thrown
taken
saw
swum
amazed
came
left
were
had
was
invited
hoped
kept
was
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EXERCISE B
11.
The doctor was applauded by the

students.
12.
Rocky has taken the picture.
13.
The juice was poured by the
nurse.
14.
The play was seen by hundreds of
people.
15.
An important lesson was learned
by all the students.
16.
The racing yacht was sailed by an
experienced crew.
17.
I get home from school around
4:00
P.M.
18.
Anna put the book by the door.
19.
The marks on the floor were made
by dirty shoes.
20.
Have you found that book?
AV
PV
AV
AV

PV
PV
PV
PV
AV
PV
The students applauded the doctor.
The nurse poured the juice.
Hundreds of people saw the play.
An experienced crew sailed the racing
All the students learned an important
lesson.
yacht.
Dirty shoes made the marks on the
floor.
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Chapter 7: Using Pronouns Correctly
pp. 137–157
Case, p. 137
E
XERCISE
1.
They don’t know whether the team’s uni-
forms have arrived.
2.
The mechanic promised to deliver our car

by noon.
3.
Today, Adele put the books on the shelves
for me.
4.
We gave Allen and her our tape, which they
will preview tonight.
5.
The trees are shedding their leaves.
6.
The coach’s speech gave them all some-
thing to consider.
7.
The newly elected class president is she.
8.
Darryl volunteered to help us at the senior
citizens’ center.
9.
How may I order the plans for your water
conservation system?
10.
Please inform your parents of the principal’s
new rules about homework.
11.
The president of the chess club is offering
lessons.
12.
Their uniforms are different this year.
13.
Please write your opinions about the book.

14.
The newest member of my team is Alicia.
15.
They help homeless veterans find work.
16.
Next year, Carla and she will be on the
school’s soccer team.
17.
A cheetah can run fast enough to catch its
prey.
18.
Our city’s animal rescue group helps
people find new pets.
19.
She studied hard and learned the new
material.
20.
Their history book contains many useful
maps.
The Case Forms of Personal Pronouns, p. 138
E
XERCISE
A
E
XERCISE
B
6.
The waiter brought him and me a pitcher of
water.
7.

I was curious about the neatly wrapped
packages, so I opened one of them.
8.
She owns over one thousand dolls; I have
never seen so many of them in one room!
9.
After the meal, our table contained many
more dishes than theirs did.
10.
After lunch, we completed the worksheets
our teachers had given us.
11.
Terry and she gave their old newspapers to
the neighbors.
12.
Before we reached the stable, the horse had
bruised its leg.
13.
This paper is mine; that one is yours.
14.
His parents and they visited our house last
week.
15.
Did you tell them about the garage sale?
The Nominative Case A,p. 139
E
XERCISE
A
1.
I

2.
she
3.
he
4.
I
5.
he
6.
he
7.
they
8.
she
9.
they
10.
she
1.
OBJ
2.
NOM
3.
POS
4.
NOM
5.
OBJ
NOM
NOM

NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ

POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
POS
POS
POS
POS
OBJ
NOM
NOMPOS
POS POS
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XERCISE
B

11.
My mother and my uncle took the ferry to
Lantua.
12.
The only one who brought a camera was
my uncle.
13.
My uncle and I hiked down the long hill.
14.
Is that Mother in the restaurant?
15.
Next time, my mother and I want to try
fishing.
The Nominative Case B, p.140
E
XERCISE
The Objective Case A, p.141
E
XERCISE
A
1.
People gave the nickname Satchmo.
2.
I saw Charles and him at the meeting.
3.
A messenger in a blue uniform handed a
sealed package to .
4.
Most of us liked the new biology book.
5.

Aunt Flo sent Howard and a magazine
subscription.
E
XERCISE
B
The Objective Case B, p. 142
E
XERCISE
1.
At the end of the controversial experiment,
the studious assistant described the long-
awaited results for the professor.
2.
Didn’t you invite Darla, Francine, and
Kenny?
3.
Kevin, have you shown your grandparents
the math project you put together for next
week’s school fair?
4.
Mr. Friedman gave the class a helpful
lesson in the differences between business
letters and personal letters.
5.
Instead of asking Tamisha again, why not
ask Barry to be on the cleanup committee?
6.
Asked about a career in medicine, the coun-
selor advised Justin to take as many high
school science courses as possible.

7.
Tomorrow, would you take Sally and me
with you to see the historical exhibits on the
Seminole and Cherokee?
8.
Joe showed Marty and Hal his magazine
and newspaper clippings about the eclipse.
9.
Among my family and friends, the seven
days of Kwanzaa are celebrated with gift-
giving and storytelling.
10.
For extra credit, did Mrs. Jamison say that
she wants you and me to read
“Misspelling” by Charles Kuralt?
6.
us
7.
him
8.
me
9.
me
10.
him
11.
them
12.
us
13.

him
14.
me
15.
her
IO
me
OP
her
IO
him
1.
he
2.
she
3.
We
4.
she
5.
he
6.
We
7.
she
8.
they
9.
they
10.

she
11.
she
12.
he
13.
We
14.
she
15.
she
16.
he [or she]
17.
she
18.
They
19.
they
20.
he
They
he
We
she
we
her [or him]
them
them [or us]
her

him
us
them
them [or us]
us
them
DO
OP
62
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L
ANGUAGE
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Nominative and Objective Case Pronouns,
p. 143
E
XERCISE
The Possessive Case,p. 144
E
XERCISE
A
Answers may vary.
E

XERCISE
B
Answers may vary.
Case Forms A, p. 145
E
XERCISE
A
1.
Mr. Matthews called Melanie and (she, her)
up to the stage at the awards ceremony.
2.
Karl announced that (they, their) tour guide
would be Sandy.
3.
We sold Tom and (they, them) the late-
edition newspapers.
4.
Does (he, him) know the shortcut to the
sports auditorium?
5.
Your new student council president is (she,
her).
6.
Three reviewers praised Kate’s and (my,
mine) performances in the new play.
7.
Could my uncle James have served with
(they, them) in the navy?
8.
With one minute left, Juanita interrupted

the debate between (we, us) and them.
9.
After sundown, Peter and (him, he) set up
the telescope.
10.
The judges announced that first prize in the
canned goods category was (her, hers).
E
XERCISE
B
11.
Marcus wrote a script for us this year.
12.
The play is dedicated to our energetic and
devoted teacher.
13.
The president of the drama club is she.
14.
The leading male in this spring’s produc-
tion will be he
.
15.
His stage voice is powerful and confident.
16.
Do you think their new play was as appeal-
ing as the last one?
17.
Could it have been she who directed the
last play?
18.

We watched him set up the stage.
19.
Did each actress remember her long, diffi-
cult lines?
20.
Are they the main characters in the play?
Case Forms B,p. 146
E
XERCISE
1.
their
2.
They
3.
his
4.
him
5.
them
6.
they
7.
they
8.
them
9.
his
10.
her
11.

Their
12.
they
13.
them
14.
his
15.
her
16.
she
17.
her
18.
their
19.
them
20.
their
11.
hers
12.
mine
13.
theirs
14.
Our
15.
His
1.

our
2.
its
3.
yours
4.
their
5.
his
6.
her
7.
its
8.
My
9.
yours
10.
mine
1.
she
2.
her
3.
me
4.
he
5.
us
6.

he
7.
us
8.
me
9.
us
10.
she
11.
he
12.
her
13.
she
14.
I
15.
he
16.
I
17.
him
18.
her
19.
they
20.
him
OBJ

OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
POS
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ANGUAGE
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Who and Whom, p.147
E

XERCISE
Appositives, p. 148
E
XERCISE
A
E
XERCISE
B
Answers will vary. Sample responses are given.
11.
The team captains, she and Tom, listened
carefully to the coach’s advice.
12.
Principal Garcia presented the winners, him
and me, with trophies.
13.
The singers in the band are my neighbors,
he and Carl.
14.
These seats are reserved for the debate team
members, Megan and them.
15.
The cooks, my cousin and I, received several
compliments on the delicious meal.
Pronouns in Incomplete Constructions, p. 149
E
XERCISE
A
1.
they [or them]

5.
she
8.
she
2.
we
6.
they [or them]
9.
they
3.
she
7.
they
10.
he
4.
he
E
XERCISE
B
Students’ wording of clauses may vary.
11.
Jill has visited more countries than (him, he).
12.
Is Samantha as diligent as (they, them)?
13.
Sarah is taller than (him, he).
14.
Are you as confident as (them, they)?

15.
He collected as many canned goods as (she,
her).
Special Pronoun Problems,p. 150
E
XERCISE
Clear Pronoun Reference A, p. 151
E
XERCISE
Answers may vary.
1.
Our pet gander runs around honking
whenever it is near our old truck.
2.
My aunt called my sister to discuss the
theme for my sister’s party.
3.
Carla needs to read an entire novel this
weekend, but she says that reading it will
be no problem.
4.
Lucy had brought the wrong basket to the
picnic, but she didn’t want to tell Amanda.
5.
Katherine told Mary that Mary needed to
change the oil in Mary’s car.
6.
Bill met with James at Bill’s house.
7.
She has many ambitions, and having ambi-

tions helps her remain motivated.
8.
The city council are divided about the sales
tax rate, and this rate is upsetting to many
citizens.
9.
Has Mona asked Teri if Teri could sell twen-
ty tickets for our fund-raiser?
10.
That it rained on the day of the party upset
the children.
1.
me
2.
whom
3.
I
4.
whoever
5.
she
6.
Whoever
7.
she
8.
whomever
9.
he
10.

whoever
as she collected
as they are
than he is
as they are
than he has visited
1.
he
2.
him
3.
I
4.
me
5.
her
6.
she
7.
him
8.
I
9.
he
10.
us
1.
whom
2.
who

3.
who
4.
who
5.
whom
6.
whomever
7.
whom
8.
Whoever
9.
who
10.
whom
11.
whom
12.
whoever
13.
whom
14.
whom
15.
whom
16.
who
17.
whoever

18.
whom
19.
whom
20.
whomever
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Clear Pronoun Reference B,p. 152
E
XERCISE
Answers may vary.
1.
She is superstitious; one of her superstitions
is about walking under ladders.
2.
Every time Tyrone saw an ice-skating event,
he wanted to be an ice skater.
3.
Gilda loves traveling in the United States
and can never decide which state to visit
next.
4.
Our straw vote showed that most students
favor wearing uniforms.
5.
I hope my reading books during story hour

helps my listeners want to read more.
6.
Last night the weather forecast predicted a
record number of hurricanes this season.
7.
We began watching the meteor shower at
sundown but didn’t see any meteors until
after midnight.
8.
She loves the theater but hasn’t seen any
plays lately.
9.
The article described a blue moon as the
second full moon in a calendar month.
10.
Their running so long had winded them.
Clear Pronoun Reference C, p. 153
E
XERCISE
Answers may vary.
1.
When Martha arrived, she called Mrs. Kent.
2.
Cassandra went to the computer store but
didn’t buy a computer.
3.
Martin got the new job for which Paul had
also applied, and it was more interesting
than Martin’s old job.
4.

When William arrived in Boston, he wrote
to Marcos.
5.
Luc’s loyalty makes him a good friend.
6.
Celeste loves art, so she bought a painting
for her apartment.
7.
The interviewers asked the judge about her
decision.
8.
Before Sarah left, Berta gave her a rose.
9.
Frank’s learning how to ski was helpful
during his vacation.
10.
I bought new software, but installation
instructions were not included.
Review A: Case Problems, p. 154
E
XERCISE
A
1.
Ahulani and (me, I) like to play chess.
2.
Both of (we, us) play it rather well.
3.
My grandparents gave (we, us) a beautiful
new chessboard.
4.

As for my parents, we can play much better
than (they, them).
5.
“This is a good game for (they, them),” my
father said, “since they have plenty of time.”
6.
My mother and (him, he) taught me how to
play the game.
7.
It is (he, him) and Ahulani who hate most to
lose.
8.
“Play (she, her) again,” my mother says after
I defeat him.
9.
It is (she, her) whom I most enjoy defeating
because her game is always carefully
played.
10.
My father doesn’t play Ahulani and (I, me)
often.
E
XERCISE
B
Review B: Clear Reference, p. 155
E
XERCISE
Answers may vary.
1.
Throughout, the movie shows phases of the

moon.
2.
Dani enjoyed my drawings of the moon;
she thinks I should take drawing as an
elective.
11.
Who
12.
who
13.
whom
14.
who
15.
whom
16.
Whom
17.
who
18.
who
19.
whom
20.
who
S
DO
DO
S
S

IO
PN
PN
OP
OP
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ANGUAGE
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3.
My confusing the hay moon of July with
the grain moon of August frustrates me.
4.
The CD-ROM uses high-speed photogra-
phy to show the phases of the moon.
5.
Did you read my poem about the moon?
Do you think I should consider writing
poetry as a career?
6.
When my father walked in the door, my
uncle told him a joke about the strawberry
moon of June.
7.
That amateur astronomers may have trou-

ble on rainy nights shouldn’t bother them.
8.
On the first day my sister observed a new
moon, she and my mother decided to plant
seeds.
9.
That February has fewer days than the
moon’s cycle of 29.2 or 29.9 days occasion-
ally causes a February without a full moon.
10.
An understanding of both mathematics and
physics as well as a passion for the night
sky are important and make a strong, com-
petent astronomer.
Review C: Using Pronouns Correctly, p. 156
E
XERCISE
A
1.
Was it my sister or me who first
played chess well?
2.
My father and us beginners soon
were playing well.
3.
It was he who first realized how
complex a game it is.
4.
Between my sister and me, there
arose a bitter rivalry.

5.
Before long, my father and her
were also bitter rivals.
6.
The person whom enjoyed the
rivalry least was my mother.
7.
Everyone except she agreed that
rivalry is good for anyone who
plays.
8.
“You must remember that there
are many people who don’t enjoy
bickering the way you do,” she
said.
9.
My mother is a person who you
can’t argue with for long.
10.
Father and her seldom argue
because she dislikes arguments.
E
XERCISE
B
11.
Carlos and (her, she) like to discuss their
future careers.
12.
To (who, whom) did the clerk give the
package?

13.
It is (he, him) who enjoys hair-raising
carnival rides.
14.
Do you know (who, whom) left this book on
the table?
15.
Samantha admires marine biologists and
wants to learn more about (they, their) work.
16.
Seeing videotapes of astronauts has given
Shelly and (him, he) inspiration.
17.
Danny, (whom, who) I met yesterday, is an
interesting person.
18.
Carol has convinced my sister and (I, me)
that traveling to Spain would be exciting.
19.
Carla hopes that someday (she, her) and
Carlos and I will travel to Mars together.
20.
She sends toys to her nephews (who, whom)
aren’t old enough to read.
Review D: Using Pronouns Correctly, p. 157
E
XERCISE
A
1.
Kele and me run to catch the

school bus each morning.
2.
It is he who makes sure that I am
on time.
C
I
she
whom
C
her
who
she
C
C
we
I
OBJ
NOM
OBJ
OBJ
OBJ
POS
NOM
NOM
NOM
NOM
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3.
Together, he and I have managed
to be punctual every day.
4.
Anyone whom misses the bus
has to walk.
5.
Sally is one student whom will
be late.
6.
Nobody except Hononi and she
misses the bus more than once a
week.
7.
I think that Kele and me should
help them.
8.
Us two can sprint to the bus stop
when we’re late.
9.
However, there aren’t many peo-
ple who can run as fast as we can.
10.
Perhaps we could call Hononi
and she early every morning.
E
XERCISE
B
Answers may vary.

11.
In the article, the interviewer asked Maya
Angelou many questions.
12.
Paolo loves cooking and wonders if he
should become a chef.
13.
Buying a new car made Sergei’s life easier.
14.
Alejandro asked Jacob if Alejandro should
rent a car.
15.
Rebecca’s honesty makes her easy to trust.
her
C
We
I
her
who
who
C
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Chapter 8: Using Modifiers Correctly,
pp. 158–181
Modifiers,p. 158
EXERCISE A
1.
ADJ
4.

ADV
2.
ADV
5.
ADJ
3.
ADV
EXERCISE B
The
[1]
parts
[2]
produced a brighter light than that provided
[3]
.
[4]
As
, they direct-
ed that light
[5]
at the
centers of the beehive-shaped lenses. Sailors
[6]
were warned quite easily
[7]
that they were approaching.
[8]
, the Fresnel lenses were made in seven
sizes. The
[9]

largest lens types were
primarily for use in lighthouses along the sea-
coast.
[10]
the smaller
lens sizes were more suitable.
One-Word Modifiers, p. 159
EXERCISE A
1.
ADJ
4.
ADJ
2.
ADV
5.
ADV
3.
ADV
EXERCISE B
1.
The Diary of a Sparrow reminds us to recog-
nize the most ordinary people.
2.
Enji, a grandfather of Kazuko Watanabe,
kept a diary for nearly seventy years.
3.
In this outstanding book, Watanabe
excerpts eight compelling events about Enji.
4.
How did Enji first react to the surprising

voices and music on the “sound-making”
box?
5.
He must surely have felt amazed when he
saw the first Japanese airplane fly in 1911!
6.
Enji clearly depicts the unprecedented
development and prosperity of the early
1900s.
7.
Many readers could readily understand the
terrible pain of losing a son in World War II.
8.
Ms. Watanabe has skillfully provided the
English translation of the Japanese text in
the diary.
9.
Appropriately, abstract illustrations by
Watanabe accompany the hand-printed
stories.
10.
Read the book in the traditional manner or,
optionally, view it as three-dimensional art.
Adjective or Adverb? p. 160
EXERCISE A
1.
loudly
4.
humorous
2.

angry
5.
excitedly
3.
clumsily
EXERCISE B
6.
Tomorrow, Chen begins a different
part-time job at the skating rink.
7.
He will work nightly during the week and
on some weekends.
8.
Initially, Chen will skate behind the
ice-resurfacing machine to check for
problem areas.
9.
Various repairs will again smooth the
chipped, pockmarked surface of the
skating rink.
10.
If Chen does this tedious job well, he
will eventually earn greater responsibilities.
11.
He may even be allowed to operate the
huge resurfacing machine.
ADV
For harbor or bay areas,
three
long

Beforecoastline
about thesea
ADJ
who were as far away as twenty miles out to
onto the “bull’s-eyes”
the glass parts captured lamplight
ADV
by oil lamps with simple reflectors
ADJ
of Fresnel lenses
ADJ
glass
ADV
ADV
ADV
ADV
ADJ
68
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12.
Under a large cover, a blade
precisely scrapes a thin layer of ice up onto

spinning conveyors.
13.
Meanwhile, water jets flush dirt and
other debris toward a vacuum hose.
14.
The dirty water will be filtered to be reused
on the skating-rink surface.
15.
Other jets send out hot water that is spread
over the icy surface by a large towel.
Phrases Used as Modifiers, p. 161
EXERCISE A
Some students may correctly identify the long infini-
tive and prepositional phrase combinations in items
3 and 7 separately, indicating that the prepositional
phrase modifies the infinitive.
1.
She knows by heart all the lyrics from
songs in Showboat.
2.
Do you enjoy old movies in black and
white?
3.
The ones to see for humorous antics are the
films with Charlie Chaplin.
4.
Because of special effects, movies can
include almost any setting or character.
5.
See how the director used color highlights

to emphasize the black-and-white setting.
6.
The setting looks artistic enough to be a
painting.
7.
A number of films use clouds or fog to set
the stage for a person’s dream.
8.
Behind the actors, the scaled-down
model of a town created a mood.
9.
Computer graphics have added flexibility
to the range of special effects.
10.
For some roles, actors might require several
hours to put on their costumes and
make-up.
EXERCISE B
Answers will vary. Sample answers are given.
11.
for the second time
12.
to understand the first time
13.
at keeping suspense
14.
To their dismay
15.
from the past decade
Clauses Used as Modifiers, p.162

EXERCISE A
1.
Ruby memorized the poem, which was
forty lines long.
2.
As soon as we can after the banquet, Al and
I will fold up the chairs and tables.
3.
Mr. Kendall described the chemical mixture
that had caused the rotten-egg smell.
4.
We’ll have room to grow pumpkins if we
add two more loads of dirt to the garden.
5.
Of the chores that were on Mom’s list, Tara
has finished all except one.
6.
She stayed at the library until she grew
tired.
7.
Because the directions were unclear, we
couldn’t follow them.
8.
The vegetarian dishes cooked more quickly
than the meat dishes did.
9.
After he finished his five-mile run, Jacob
took a long nap.
10.
When we arrived at the park, all of the pic-

nic areas had been claimed.
EXERCISE B
11.
ADJ
14.
ADJ
12.
ADV
15.
ADJ
13.
ADV
Phrases and Clauses Used as Modifiers, p. 163
EXERCISE
1.
The Panama Canal is an essential structure
because the canal is necessary
ships easy passage between oceans.
ADV phrase
to allow
ADJ
ADV
ADJ
ADV
ADJ
ADV
ADV
ADV
ADV
ADV

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2.
varying
amounts of time are needed to pass
through the canal.
3.
Opened in 1914, the canal takes ships
through a series
4.
The entire lock system,
includes two lakes.
5.
Each lake, Gatun and Miraflores, has the
same name
6.
Almost at the midpoint
is the Galliard Cut.
7.
Any ship
cannot navigate the canal.
8.
it was successful.
9.
Operation of the canal is complicated
enough
10.
The canal is expensive to maintain, so
profits from tariffs are essential
Bad and Badly, Good and Well, p.164

EXERCISE
1.
well
11.
well
2.
badly
12.
good
3.
well
13.
badly
4.
badly
14.
well
5.
good
15.
well
6.
bad
16.
badly
7.
bad
17.
good
8.

well
18.
bad
9.
badly
19.
well
10.
well
20.
good [or well]
Slow and Slowly, Real and Really, p. 165
E
XERCISE
1.
C
2.
C
3.
The marathon runner crossed the finish line
real quickly.
4.
Did you notice how slow the water was
flowing from that pipe?
5.
Is it real difficult to locate a gardening
expert?
6.
That is a real good remedy for someone
who is airsick.

7.
C
8.
I had no idea that the traffic on this route to
work was going to move this slow.
9.
C
10.
Would you please drive slow as we pass
the front of that shop?
11.
Bess noticed that the birds flew real high
above the canyon.
12.
Fran painted the office while business was
moving slow at the hardware store.
13.
C
14.
Gerald always completes his assignments
slow but thoroughly.
15.
The posse slow moved through the blustery
storm.
16.
C
17.
Because of the holidays, this package will
be delivered more slow than usual.
18.

The diamond sparkled real nicely in the
sunlight.
19.
Eric sauntered slow into the dark room.
20.
C
Eight Troublesome Modifiers,p. 166
EXERCISE
1.
Theo threw the ball bad but it still went into
the hoop.
2.
C
canal in good condition.
to keep the
opportunities.
to allow for numerous employment
utility,
When the canal was run as a nonprofit
and 965 feet long
that is larger than 106 feet wide
canal
of the 50-mile-long
ADV phrase
as the lock next to it does.
and Panama City,
which joins Colón
ADJ phrase
of locks.
Depending on traffic patterns,

70
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LEMENTS OF LANGUAGE
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ADV phrase
ADJ clause
ADJ phrase
ADJ clause
ADV clause
ADV phrase
ADV phrase
really
really
really
really
slowly
slowly
slowly
slowly
slowly
slowly
slowly
slowly
badly
really
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3.
Before adding the liquid ingredients, mix
these together good.
4.
How good did Arlo sing during the choir
tryouts?
5.
The computerized image of the lion looked
real frightening.
6.
Please explain why the milk tasted badly if
it looked just fine.
7.
Rain fell quite slow, soaking everything
thoroughly.
8.
C
9.
Watching cartoons interfered very bad with
my homework.
10.
C
11.
C
12.
Harry thought Denise’s suggestion was real
excellent.
13.
C

14.
C
15.
Does that pace seem too slowly for this
kind of relay?
16.
C
17.
Did I speak slow enough?
18.
They did reasonably good on the exam.
19.
C
20.
I ate too much bread, and my stomach felt
badly for a few minutes.
Regular Comparison,p. 167
EXERCISE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Irregular Comparison, p.168
EXERCISE
1.
most
11.
least
2.
worse
12.
farthest
3.
best
13.
worse
4.
more
14.
better
5.
less
15.
better

6.
best
16.
farther
7.
better
17.
better
8.
worse
18.
least
9.
further
19.
better
10.
more
20.
worst
Regular and Irregular Comparison A, p.169
EXERCISE A
1.
That plant has the leaves of all the
plants in the garden.
2.
Walt arrived at the drama club meeting
as he had planned.
3.
The you can get here, the more we

will be able to get finished.
sooner
P
early,
S
greenest
most magnificent
more magnificent;magnificent;
funniest
funnier;funny;
most talented
more talented;talented;
cheapest
cheaper;cheap;
most expensive
more expensive;expensive;
most patient
more patient;
patient;
most intelligent
more intelligent;intelligent;
most beautiful
more beautiful;beautiful;
most intense
more intense;
intense;
prettiest
prettier;pretty;
most frequently
more frequently;frequently;

warmest
warmer;
warm;
most mountainous
more mountainous;mountainous;
clearest
clearer;clear;
most numerous
more numerous;numerous;
most famous
more famous;famous;
fewest
fewer;
few;
most popular
more popular;
popular;
earliest
earlier;early;
largest
larger;large;
slowly
badly
really
well
bad
well
C
well
really

slow
slowly
bad
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4.
Give the name used to
refer to this orange and black butterfly.
5.
Bermuda grass is a tougher and grass
for the lawns in our climate.
EXERCISE B
6.
C
7.
This bicycle helmet offers
protection than the old model did.
8.
What was the grade you have
ever gotten on an essay?
9.
C
10.
Modern science fiction movies have
special effects than early movies did.
11.
Yesterday’s tornado was the of any
we have seen this season.
12.
We must be so the groups around

us can finish their work.
13.
Lori is the three-point shooter
on the basketball team.
14.
Stephen felt much after he had
a nap.
15.
The only thing for a picnic than rain
is an invasion of ants.
Regular and Irregular Comparison B, p. 170
EXERCISE A
1.
Please cross out the example on
the list.
2.
Of the two answers, which one seems
?
3.
The new sewing machine is than
the old one.
4.
She wondered if the speaker were the
person in the room.
5.
If he does on the exam, he won’t have
to retake it.
EXERCISE B
6.
most generous

7.
heavier
8.
most unusual
9.
longest
10.
best
11.
more favorable
12.
tallest
13.
better
14.
more slowly
15.
worst
Using Comparative and Superlative Forms A,
p. 171
EXERCISE
1.
I finished with a higher grade than any
other student in our class.
2.
Of the two pairs of sneakers, the red ones
are better.
3.
In ancient Rome, a mile was shorter than it
is today.

4.
The day I broke my arm has to be the worst
day of my life.
5.
The moon is closer to earth than any other
object in our solar system.
6.
That actor sounded more convincing than
anyone else on the stage.
7.
Of all the stories in the collection, I find this
one the most interesting.
8.
Which one of the pair is larger?
9.
Of the two, Milo writes letters more fre-
quently.
10.
Of the four colors, this one is best.
Using Comparative and Superlative Forms B,
p. 172
EXERCISE
Sentences may vary slightly.
1.
The mushroom is smaller than the leaves
around it.
2.
We saw pictures of the hugest type of frog,
called the Goliath frog.
3.

My mother’s soup tastes better than the
restaurant’s soup.
4.
I think the flag of South Korea has one of
the prettiest designs.
well
S
least knowledgeable
quieter
C
worse
S
worst
worse
worser
better
more well
best
most good
quieter
worst
baddest
gooder
worst
most bad
better
more good
C
better
S

most commonly
72
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better
C
P
quiet [or C]
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5.
Thai food is spicier than German food.
6.
The longest mountain chain in the world is
the Andes.
7.
My neighbor’s yard is better maintained
than David’s yard.
8.
An Alaskan summer night is longer than
Florida’s nights.
9.
Venus looks brighter than any other planet.
10.
My grandmother’s paintings are more

abstract than my aunt’s paintings.
Using Comparative and Superlative Forms C,
p. 173
EXERCISE
Sentences may vary.
1.
She likes spinach more than her sister likes
spinach.
2.
Janice’s skates are more expensive than
Andrea’s.
3.
This clock is the loudest one in the house.
4.
Is Dr. Kean more knowledgeable than any
other doctor?
5.
Of Maria and her sister, Maria has always
been the faster runner of the two.
6.
My aunt writes me more than my cousin
writes me. or My aunt writes me more than
she writes my cousin.
7.
The temperature is warmer than it was yes-
terday.
8.
The table is sturdier than any other table in
the room.
9.

Franco is taller than any other boy on his
team.
10.
Bootsie was the smallest kitten in the litter.
Correcting Dangling Modifiers, p. 174
EXERCISE
Sentences may vary.
1.
Looking up at the large umbrella, we
noticed that it blocked the sun.
2.
As the scientists are researching the rain
forest, the huge variety of trees and animals
becomes apparent.
3.
The scientists are now making discoveries
of things that have been unexplored for
years.
4.
The ecologist made an important discovery
when she found many trees in one area.
5.
C
6.
Full of insects, the rain forest offers
researchers the chance to study many life
forms.
7.
While watching the insects buzzing and
humming, we learned how their nests are

made.
8.
C
9.
Something becomes clear to people who
have an understanding of just part of the
rain forest.
10.
To avoid destroying this sea of life, we must
protect the rain forest.
Correcting Misplaced Modifiers, p. 175
EXERCISE Some answers may vary.
1.
We looked for the map in the back of the
car
^
that we needed.
2.
An elm
^
fell across the house that had been
uprooted in the storm.
3.
^
We saw a raccoon coming home from the
movies.
4.
C
5.
^

We saw the Taj Mahal looking down from
an airplane.
6.
I bought a book at that store
^
that describes
the history of the Alamo.
7.
C
8.
The keys that she found
^
belonged to her
brother under the hedge.
9.
C
10.
My aunt served fish
^
to Melvin and me
broiled over hot coals.
11.
To avoid driving through heavy traffic, the
subway can help you
^
.
12.
The azalea
^
belongs to my neighbor, which

blooms early in the spring.
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13.
The deer
^
looked at me with white spots.
14.
C
15.
^
Alice picked up the puppy with a grin.
16.
The socks
^
were knitted by my grandmother
in the crib.
17.
On the windowsill, I watched my cat sleep
^
.
18.
^
The mother went to pick up her son
wearing her nurse’s uniform.
19.
C
20.
The cat
^

nibbled on the plant with long
whiskers.
Correcting Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers A,
p. 176
EXERCISE
Sentences may vary.
1.
After she removed the wrapping paper, the
gift proved delightful.
2.
Hans found the notebook hidden in the
drawer.
3.
Nancy, along with her sister, washed and
polished the car.
4.
Because he was alone in the house, the
lightning frightened him.
5.
Mark studied the color-coded map of the
island.
6.
Reading and reviewing notes while prepar-
ing for a test will help you study.
7.
Bees that make honey are attracted to cer-
tain flowers.
8.
Botany was interesting to him as a young
boy.

9.
Thorough understanding of a situation is
essential to having your suggestion
accepted.
10.
Gina searched the cluttered shelf for a
magazine.
Correcting Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers B,
p. 177
E
XERCISE
Sentences may vary.
1.
The village surrounded by mountains had
become a favorite spot for tourists.
2.
While we were hiking in the woods, we
saw a squirrel scurrying up a tree.
3.
We walked through the mostly-melted snow.
4.
I videotaped the kangaroos that were hop-
ping about excitedly.
5.
The silver cups in the cabinet were a gift
from my nephew.
6.
Without a care in the world, we climbed the
tree.
7.

Blouses made of silk should be taken to the
dry cleaner.
8.
Frightened, we opened the door slowly.
9.
The art teacher who teaches senior art
classes painted the kitten.
10.
Having finished supper, we washed the
dishes.
Review A: Comparative and Superlative Forms,
p. 178
EXERCISE A
1.
better; best
2.
more closely; most closely
3.
richer; richest
4.
more useful; most useful
5.
more; most
6.
more disgusted; most disgusted
7.
littler; littlest [or less; least]
8.
more systematic; most systematic
9.

more tightly; most tightly
10.
stronger; strongest
EXERCISE B
11.
Some people thought the photograph of the
dancer was than the paint-
ing of the landscape.
12.
Our new mayor works doesn’t he?
13.
It rains in Hawaii than
anywhere else in the country.
14.
Connie can still run than Stephan.
15.
That was the music I had ever
heard.
loveliest
C
faster
more often
P
hard,
C
more beautiful
74
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C
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16.
These were the grades she made all
year.
17.
She was the rower on the team.
18.
The dress is than I had expected.
19.
The violinist was according to her
colleagues.
20.
Are these curtains than the old
ones?
Review B: Correcting Errors in Comparison,
p. 179
EXERCISE
Answers may vary.
1.
Who is tallest, you or Arlon?
2.
Our city park is much more cleaner than
most of the parks in neighboring towns.

3.
Which of the two high schools in your town
is the largest?
4.
My sister Marita is taller than anybody
^
in
my family.
5.
I think I did worser on the first half of the
test than on the second half.
6.
Alaska is bigger than any
^
U.S. state.
7.
Which do you like best, a warm climate or
a cold climate?
8.
My hometown is prettier than any
^
town its
size in the entire state.
9.
Which is the highest waterfall, Niagara or
Yosemite?
10.
The Grand Canyon is larger than any
^
gorge

in the United States.
11.
To make our trip more easier, we got suit-
cases with wheels on them.
12.
Her dog was much more calmer than mine.
13.
Ana loves movies more than Marco
^
.
14.
The ice dancer was almost a foot taller than
anyone
^
in the show.
15.
Of the two colleges, I will choose the most
reputable.
16.
My brother offered me more advice than
Frank
^
.
17.
Some people thought that the princess was
oldest than the prince.
18.
Which of the twins is the most talented in
dramatic arts?
19.

The soprano’s solo was more beautiful than
all the
^
solos presented.
20.
Paula likes the dog more than her brother
^
.
21.
He tells me stories more often than
^
Todd
^
.
22.
The people of this town are more friendlier
than I had expected.
23.
Who is the taller of all the boys on the
team?
24.
The village is the most smallest in the
vicinity.
25.
Katya sends me gifts more frequently than
Marta
^
.
Review C: Correcting Dangling and Misplaced
Modifiers,p. 180

EXERCISE
Sentences may vary.
1.
While peacefully eating their breakfast, the
campers watched the sunrise.
2.
The problems of the world leaders may
look simple to some people seated in arm-
chairs in front of their television sets.
3.
A gift basket that was filled to the top with
fancy cheeses and crackers was carried into
the living room.
4.
The needle broke while I was sewing a hem
in the dress.
5.
The police chief issued a warning about
burglars to homeowners who carelessly
leave their doors unlocked.
C
prettier
talented,
darker
S
strongest
S
highest
C
P

taller
larger
else
other
other
other
other
does
more
offered me
else
worse
better
higher
more
older
does
does
storieshe tells
tallest
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6.
After climbing the mountain, we saw a
shooting star streaking across the sky.
7.
The women in the control tower watched
the plane circling the field.
8.
Always check your work for accuracy after

you have finished.
9.
The camera zoomed in on the woman skat-
ing gracefully over the ice.
10.
Some books in the school library that were
written many years ago seem surprisingly
up-to-date.
Review D: Modifiers, p. 181
EXERCISE A
Sentences may vary.
1.
At the awards ceremony, the coach congrat-
ulated the soccer team for playing a really
good season.
2.
Franklin hoped the weather would not get
worse.
3.
My mother assigned me more chores than
she assigned my father. or My mother
assigned me more chores than my father
assigned me.
4.
Emily had read more books than anyone
else in her class.
5.
Bandit seemed to be the fastest of the three
dogs.
EXERCISE B

Sentences may vary.
6.
The helicopter that Georgina’s uncle owned
was used in the emergency rescue of three
injured people.
7.
While we were roaming around the depart-
ment store, we saw a vase fall off a high
shelf.
8.
The bird-watcher identified a rare species
noted for its plumage.
9.
She handed him the anchor that was tied
securely to the boat.
10.
A lecturer described the development of
written language in the ancient Near East to
a fascinated audience.
76
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Chapter 9:

Glossary of Usage,
pp. 182
––
191
Glossary of Usage A, p. 182
EXERCISE A
1.
effect
6.
isn’t
2.
besides
7.
beside
3.
A
8.
except
4.
anywhere
9.
etc.
5.
a lot
10.
as far as
EXERCISE B
[11]
Olga has a older brother named Dietrich.
[12]

The two of them play sports, such as bas-
ketball, soccer, baseball, and etc.
[13]
Olga
thinks that she ain’t as good as Dietrich at most
sports.
[14]
She says that sometimes when she
wants to practice more, he’s nowheres to be
found.
[15]
Beside sports, Olga is interested in
music and art.
[16]
However, her favorite place
to be is right besides her older brother playing a
tough game of soccer or basketball.
[17]
Olga
knows that just watching sports won’t effect her
performance.
[18]
She certainly won’t be able to
run all the faster he can unless she works hard.
[19]
Therefore, Olga trains with her brother alot.
[20]
Dietrich has always had a good affect on
her training habits and sense of sportsmanship.
Glossary of Usage B,p. 183

EXERCISE A
1.
discovered
6.
must have
2.
less
7.
Bring
3.
arrested
8.
lend
4.
doesn’t
9.
among
5.
may
10.
invented
EXERCISE B
[11]
Janet and Craig were trying to find out
who discovered the game of bowling.
[12]
Last
week, the librarian borrowed them a book
about the rules of bowling.
[13]

Among the two
of them, they read quite a bit about the sport.
[14]
Janet ought to of bought her own bowling
ball.
[15]
Fortunately, Craig told her that she
can use his whenever she wants.
[16]
Janet
asked Craig to take the library book with him
when he came to the bowling alley.
[17]
Craig
and Janet could of scored higher if they had
practiced more.
[18]
They knocked down less
pins than they thought they would.
[19]
Among them they had a score of only
eighty-five.
[20]
Craig joked that the police
might bust them for bowling so poorly.
Glossary of Usage C, p. 184
EXERCISE A
1.
these kinds
6.

Mom
2.
well
7.
rather
3.
Teach
8.
as
4.
as though
9.
themselves
5.
Let
10.
ought not
EXERCISE B
Answers may vary slightly.
[11]
Sergio said that he and his friends should
do like their teacher suggested.
[12]
She learned
them how to study for all sorts of tests.
[13]
Sergio said they simply needed to discipline
theirself.
[14]
He said they had ought to study

at least an hour each day.
[15]
These kind of
studying allows students to learn the informa-
tion in smaller blocks.
[16]
Sometimes Sergio
asked his classmates to leave him study alone.
[17]
At such times, he needed to memorize
facts, and doing so alone worked good for him.
[18]
At other times, however, studying in small
groups was sort of more beneficial.
[19]
One
student would act like he or she were the
teacher and ask the others difficult questions.
[20]
Using these methods, Sergio and his friends
taught theirselves better study habits.
an
etc.
isn’t
nowhere
Besides
beside
affect
as fast as
a lot

effect
invented
lent
Between
ought to have
may
bring
could have
fewer
Between
arrest
as
taught
themselves ought to
This kind
let
well
rather
as if
themselves
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Glossary of Usage D, p. 185
EXERCISE A
1.
off
6.
that
2.
try to

7.
somewhat
3.
This
8.
Inside
4.
than
9.
those
5.
supposed
10.
try to
EXERCISE B
[11]
The children at the party enjoyed them-
selves some watching cartoons, but soon they
felt restless.
[12]
One of the children knew
more games then the others.
[13]
She suggested
they play this here word game.
[14]
Another
child suggested that they try and think of a
game that everyone could play together.
[15]

Unfortunately, all of them board games
were for two to four players.
[16]
What were
the children suppose to do?
[17]
They really
didn’t want to stay inside of the house.
[18]
Quickly, they decided to play outdoors
rather then stay inside.
[19]
After tossing
around that there soccer ball, they decided to
play kickball.
[20]
The reason they chose that
game was because everyone could participate.
Glossary of Usage E,p. 186
EXERCISE A
1.
used to
6.
that
2.
unless
7.
a condition in which
3.
way

8.
you’re
4.
who
9.
a state of
5.
that
10.
that
EXERCISE B
[11]
Ann and Marge use to go shopping at
Carr’s Department Store every month.
[12]
One
day Ann said, “Your not going to believe it, but
I’ve found a better place to shop!”
[13]
The two
friends decided to try the new store on their
next shopping trip without another store was
having a sale that day.
[14]
Both women were
pleased that the new store was not a long ways
away from their neighborhood.
[15]
Marge was
looking for a lamp who would fit on a small

end table.
[16]
Quickly, they found a salesclerk
which knew where the lamps were.
[17]
The
salesclerk showed them a lamp what was just
the right size.
[18]
“Your going to love the
price, too!” the clerk said.
[19]
Ann had heard
where the store was going to have a big sale the
next weekend.
[20]
“We’ll certainly be in you’re
store again soon,” she told the clerk.
Double Negatives, p. 187
EXERCISE A
1.
DN
5.
DN
9.
S
2.
DN
6.
DN

10.
DN
3.
S
7.
S
4.
DN
8.
DN
EXERCISE B
Answers may vary slightly.
11.
We don’t have no milk in the house for
breakfast.
12.
Danny had hardly no time between classes
today.
13.
I won’t hear nothing from Shani until next
week.
14.
Betty looked outside, but she didn’t see
nobody there.
15.
The hikers hadn’t scarcely any water left.
16.
Don’t you never dance?
17.
In the afternoon, there aren’t hardly any

birds at the feeder.
18.
Because he is shy, Ray doesn’t never volun-
teer to read aloud.
19.
This type of cactus doesn’t have no spines.
20.
Our Labrador retriever can’t barely fit in
that carrier.
somewhat
than
this
try to
those
supposed
inside
than
that
that
used to
You’re
unless
that
who
that
You’re
that
your
any
any

anything
anybody
had
ever
are
ever
any
way
can
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Nonsexist Language, p. 188
EXERCISE A
1.
spokesperson
4.
server
2.
flight attendant
5.
chairperson
3.

supervisor
EXERCISE B
Answers may vary slightly.
6.
Keri was voted chairman of this year’s
book drive.
7.
Is the job of a housewife difficult and
demanding?
8.
Mr. Stanley asked everyone to bring his cos-
tume to play rehearsal.
9.
This man-made fabric can be washed like
cotton but needs no ironing.
10.
May the best man win in our school debate!
11.
Several students in our class are consider-
ing becoming policemen.
12.
Will there be any watchmen at the concert
tonight?
13.
I’m looking for a seamstress to alter this
jacket.
14.
The program teaches clients to become
better businessmen.
15.

Anyone can learn to play golf better if
she practices.
Review A: A Glossary of Usage,p. 189
EXERCISE
Answers may vary slightly.
1.
For some reason, we have less track
meets than most other high schools in the
state do.
2.
The bus stop is nowheres near my
aunt’s farm.
3.
Our science teacher he took us on a field
trip to the wildlife sanctuary.
4.
The treasure hunters couldn’t hardly
believe their eyes when they saw the glitter-
ing coins.
5.
There wasn’t no one in the building except
the guard.
6.
We could hardly of solved the problem
without some help from the teacher.
7.
I can’t go to the movies without I finish my
homework first.
8.
The captain insisted that the reward be

distributed equally between all the crew
members.
9.
There wasn’t no food left over from
the picnic.
10.
You should never believe these kind of
stories.
11.
Teresa ain’t happy about the new chores.
12.
Losing three games in a row had a bad
affect on the team’s morale.
13.
There are others besides me who had ought
to spend less time daydreaming.
14.
Mr. Wilson is going to learn us how to grow
plants in a greenhouse.
15.
Jenny acted like she did not recognize you.
16.
This here coat has been lying on the chair
all day.
17.
The coach won’t leave you play in tonight’s
game if your ankle still hurts.
18.
Leonard has been playing the piano much
longer then we have.

19.
Her home is a long ways from New
York City.
20.
The microphone was so bad that we
couldn’t scarcely hear the speaker.
chairperson
homemaker
his or her
synthetic
person
police officers
security guards
tailor
businesspersons
he or she
fewer
nowhere
could
anyone
have
unless
among
any
these kinds
isn’t
effect
ought to
teach
as if

This
let
than
way
could
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