tổ chức lãnh thổ kinh tế tỉnh nghệ an bản tóm tắt tiếng anh

FOREWORDS
1. The Necessity of the subject
Territorial organization of economy (TOE) is the arrangement of the components
in relation to multi-disciplinary, multi-territory in a region to achieve the highest
efficiency in terms of economic, social, environment and sustainable development on
the basis of reasonable use of resources. So far, Nghe An investigation conducted
research and the overall planning of the socio-economic development in the industry
and in space, several major forms TOE have formed and developed as farms,
specialized regions cultivation; IPs, industrial centers; Point, area, urban, tourist routes;
economic zone, the economic center However, TOE of the province is not really
reasonable, forms TOE not its full effect results according to the strength of the
territory for the overall economic development. This is one of the main reasons explain
why socio-economic development of Nghe An province is at a low level.
Standpoint of geography to study systematically the "Organization of Nghe An
economic territory" in order to evaluate objectively resources, state TOE, as a basis
to more reasonable TOE, help maximize the available resources, to promote the
economic development of the province towards industrialization - modernization
(industrialization and modernization), catch up with the development of the country,
soon became a province development is quite significant and urgent task both in
terms of theory and practice.
2. Purposes, tasks of the research
2.1. Research purposes: Applying a theoretical basis and practical of the world TOE,
in Vietnam and the North central province of Nghe An to clarify the factors that
influence and carried state sector TOE, according to space, from that offer reasonable
solutions to TOE, effective and sustainable in the future.
2.2. Tasks:
- Overview of selected theoretical basis and practical on TOE; selection criteria
assess the situation TOE for provincial level;
- Evaluation of the factors affecting to Nghe An TOE;
- Analysis real sector TOE and in the space of Nghe An province in the period 2001 –
2010;

- To propose some solutions in order to develop and perfect the Nghe An TOE form
a reasonable and effective.
3. Limit the scope of research
- Content: The thesis research focused forms TOE Nghe An province by sector
(tourist, tourism, urban tourism, tourist routes (TOT), industrial (TOI), farm (TOA)
and spatial (economic zone (EZ), and economic center of the economic sub-region).
- Space: research the entire territory of Nghe An province with 17 districts, 2 towns and
one city, including attention compared to the north central and the country.
- About time: the subject focusing on the period 2001 to 2010 and vision to 2020.
4. Historical of research topics
4.1. Abroad
At the beginning of the nineteenth century, the world had the works that later
became the theoretical basis for the research and development organization of the
territorial social production, as: Theory "Development of the the agricultural belt "theory
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of V.Thunen" zone industrial Comment "of A.Weber, theoretical" center point "of
W.Christaller Until the twentieth century, research on production background TOE
conducted deeper, typically theory: "Growth Pole" Francoi Perroux with the interpretation
of territorial economic development in the direction of investment key.
In 1947, Russian scientist N.N. Koloxopski came up with the theory of territorial
development of integrated production, in which he proposed several theoretical issues
and practical solutions TOE for the resource-rich territories. In England, in the typical
work Peter Haggett and colleagues as: "Spatial analysis in economic geography" (1965),
"The geographic model" (1967) and "The Geography: a modern synthesis "(1975), TOE
research oriented modeling, the application of quantitative methods.
In general, these studies have focused TOE rules at all levels, interested in the
true nature of the arrangement of the population in relation to economic development
to create a network of dark advantages of it. Although still limited, but this work has
basically given the direction of research on the structure and relationships to
determine the objective laws of the distribution. Accordingly, the economic

geography described structure is replaced by Geography (Modern Economic
Geography), marking a new stage of development of Geography [29].
At the end of the twentieth century, research TOE focused on positioning the
region. Represents the direction of this study is Paul Krugman, an American
economist [108]. World Development Report 2009 [35] also showed the importance
and current trends TOE is the accumulation - are concentrated in the cities with the
migration and specialization [35].
4.2. In Vietnam
Starting from the 60 years of the twentieth century, Vietnam has carried out
research on the distribution and TOE, such research building IP Viet Tri, Thai
Nguyen Iron and Steel, Bien Hoa, wheat Delta Regional Planning Red River, dairy
regions Ba Vi [24]
In the 70, research TOE continue to be deployed which crystallized Master Plan
development and distribution of productive forces Vietnam era from 1986 to 2000
with the help of the Soviet Union.
Since the Sixth National Party Congress (1986), research on TOE conducted
widely and attracted the participation of a large number of scientists. In particular,
typical GS. Le Ba Thao with the topics and key independent state he headed for:
"Scientific Basis of TOE Vietnam" [54]. Specifically, the authors discuss aspects
affecting the distribution and the spatial relationship between economic sectors,
given the the Vietnamese TOE orientation diagram on the basis of ensuring the
sustainability of the environment cases, the gap between different regions.
In his "socio-territorial organization: some theoretical issues and applications"
[98] and the book "On economic development (research path to wealth)" [97], the
effects authors introduced a general way the basic problems of socio-economic
organization of space. Of these, the most important content is identified, the form
TOE, offer solutions to ensure spatial plan for the implementation and analysis of the
relationship between spatial organization economiy - Social issues such as: territorial
development structure, eliminate the poor, backward, industrialization and
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modernization of the country, protect the environment and promote participation in
the international division of labor.
Theoretical basis and practical on TOE general and Vietnam in particular have
also been a number of scientists Hanoi Pedagogical University presented in the
curriculum as the general socio-economic geography [73], socio-economic
geography of Vietnam [58.60].
Many scientific research about TOE also performed at the regional scale, inter-
provincial, determine the economic center pole of economic development and the
axis lines, such as scientific research base for TCLT and propose solutions to social
and economic development northwest under the influence of Son La hydropower [1],
key TOE central Vietnam [28], TOE Research mountainous northern border service
socio-economic development period of industrialization and modernization by 2020
(for example, Lao Cai Province) [29], TOAreas of the southern key economic [37],
TOE RRD and key lines …
Some doctoral thesis defended also mention TOE both theoretical and practical
study in depth each industry sector as TO cassava production and processing in the
southeastern provinces [51] , TOI [40], TOT [33.57] and TOE on provincial areas as
"TOE towards sustainable development in Vinh Phuc province" [47], "Binh Dinh TOE"
[14].
4.3. In Nghe An province
Master plan for socio-economic development of Nghe An province by 2020 [80]
outlined the framework of territorial economic development for the whole province,
including industrial parks, farms, resorts, urban, sub-regional economy. etc.; scheme
"socio-economic development of the Western Nghe An Province in 2010" [88] and the
synthesis report of Nghe An ocean strategy [87] studied the spatial TCLT with two
regions western and coastal areas; development planning EZ Southeast [84] key territorial
development in the coastal area of the province; master plan for socio-economic
development Vinh City 2020 outlines plans economic development plan for the center of
the province; works rest study TOE in the sectors: industry, agriculture, tourism
Research on Technology Security in view of Geography has a doctoral thesis, is

typical: Evaluation hilly land Nghe An and proposed land use models for forestry and
agriculture (10 districts mountainous areas) [30], the study on the basis of scientific
construction of tourist destinations in Nghe An province [15], territorial organization
Nghe An industry [95], the territorial organization of agriculture in Nghe An province.
Based on the results of the research of the world TOE and in Vietnam as well as
in Nghe An province, topics based legacy systems theory and practice about TOE.
Since then, manipulate, add, update problems unclear about TOE, as a basis for the
study, a comprehensive assessment system about TOE on Nghe An province.
5. Perspectives and research methods: Threads used as research perspectives:
general territory; system structure; sustainable development; historical perspective
and the major research methods: collecting, processing and synthesis financial
statistics; comparison; Field surveys; experts; maps, GIS and forecasts.
6. The contributions of the thesis:
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- Inherit supplement and clarify the rationale and practical on TOE to use in
provincial areas, selection criteria evaluation the provincial TOE situation by sector
and space;
- Clarify the strengths and limitations of the factors affecting to Nghe An TOE;
Analyze, evaluate some form TOE province of Nghe An, which use indicator system
to clarify the status of some form of perspective sectors (urban tourism) and space
(EZ, economic center, economic sub-regions) in the period 2001 - 2010;
- Propose solutions TOE Nghe An province to 2020, includes general system
solutions and specific solutions for each form TOE.
7. The structure of the thesis:
In addition to the introduction, conclusion and appendices, the content of the
thesis consists of 157 pages, is divided into three chapters:
- Chapter 1: Rationale and practical obout TOE;
- Chapter 2: Influence factors and status about TOE in Nghe An province, 2001 –
2010;
- Chapter 3: Orientation and solutions for TOE Nghe An province to 2020.

Chapter 1. RATIONNALE AND PRACTICE OBOUT TOE (including 42 pages)
1.1. Rationale
1.1.1. The relevant theory
1.1.1.1. Social division of labor
1.1.1.2. Some theories of TOE: The theory of public opinion now; Theory "central
point"; positive development theory; non-balanced development theory…
1.1.2. Concept, content, principles and objects of TOE
1.1.2.1. The concept
Economic organization of space is the "sort" and "coordinate" (has been and is
expected to be) in the context to the multi-sector, multi-region to use a reasonable
potential However, labor, economic geography, political and technical facilities have
been and will be built to achieve the highest efficiency in terms of: economic, social,
environment and sustainable development of a territory [73.97].
1.1.2.2. The content of TOE
First, forecasts of development (goal, the development direction of the point
system for the industry, the field of research on the territory - that is what will
produce, how much scale, the how structure).
Second, the feasibility of the proposed territory (where the expected
distribution for the most effective) - ie selecting form TOE for the future.
1.1.2.3. Principles of TOE
First, TOE to create an order and reasonable having regard to the resource
capabilities and market requirements to ensure the benefit of the community and socio-
economic efficiency.
Second, to ensure the harmonious development and the interaction between
industry, research territory in the territories. Also, pay special attention to the required link
between the research territory with other territories through the development of accurate
forecasting exchange of material flows between the territory in order to bring economic
efficiency overall.
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Third, to ensure conformity with the level of human resources and the level of S –

T to plan TOE built and executed. When needed can hire foreign experts in this field to
perform the task.
Fourth, to construct for the area (urban centers, cities, etc.) to create higher-level
civilization in TOE.
1.1.2.4. Object of TOE:. Considering the characteristics and dynamic role, including
the urban space (the center), the periphery (rural or suburban territory), the special
territories (key economic areas, party sense of growth, EZ, KDL ). At a policy
perspective, including: large areas (including several provinces), provincial regions
(including some provinces), the inter-district (multi-district) [98]. In terms of specific
behaviors, including: factories, engineering works, residential and residential areas,
industrial zones, urban areas, the KDL, the plant and raw materials
1.1.3. Factors affecting TOE: TOE influenced by the factors of geographical location,
natural conditions and natural resources (topography, climate, land, water and living organisms,
minerals) and socio-economic factors (population, labor force, science and technology
advances, infrastructure, technical infrastructure, capital investment, economic policy
guidelines development, market and inter-regional economic relations, economic activities -
political, social, regional and international.
1.1.4. Forms TOE
1.1.4.1. The industry form TOE under: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries, including a
number of forms: Households (household), farms, agricultural cooperatives,
specialized areas, agricultural areas. Industry, including: The industry, the industrial parks,
industrial centers, industrial areas. Services: For tourism, TCLT expression of relatively
clear forms: point, line, area, center, tourist areas [72]
1.1.4.2. The form spatial TOE, including some typical forms of economic zones,
economic center, key economic regions and economic areas.
1.1.5. EVALUATION INDICATORS TOE PROVINCIAL SHIPPING FOR
SECURITY TECHNOLOGY
1.1.5.1. According to branch
a. Agriculture
Besides farm evaluation criteria identified in the thesis "Nghe An TOA" [53],

to clarify the efficiency of production of the farm business, we add target rate
income on the value of production of goods and services of farms. The distribution of
farms in the territory should also be assessed quotas and structure of agricultural
farms in the sub-region is also the author note.
b. Industry
We inherit the results of the thesis "territorial organization Nghe An industry"
[95] and add the target production rate value of the total production value of the
whole provincial industrial zone in order to clarify contribution of the industrial
zones for industrial production of the province.
c. Tourism
In this thesis, we choose the form of urban tourism to focus assessment due to its
clear effect in the exploitation and development of the tourism industry in the province.
* Group of indicators for assessment of tourism resources and infrastructure
* Tourist Resources
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* Groups of indicators assessing the situation: Tourist market: The number,
growth rate, a proportion of the total number of tourists in the province; Territorial
Structure of tourists; residence time; expenditure. Technical facilities (quantity and
quality). Revenue: quantity and growth rate, structure. Labor: number, per capita
income. Average revenue on tourism labor. Tourism revenues / total production
value of the business and tourist city, the share of tourism GDP in the total GDP of
the city.
1.1.5.2. According space
a. Economic Zone
- Indicators of scale and the ability to lease: Natural area of land and may lease
land; land leased; fill rate.
- Indicators of investment: capital investment projects, the average investment in the
project; Scale investment/business; Investment/leasing land area.
- Indicators of jobs and income for workers. Indicators of business: production value,
growth rate and structure; revenue and revenue growth; Revenue/labor;

Sales/business; turnover ratio on the production value; export value; Share of export
value; import-export balance.
- Indicators of production and business efficiency: profit and speed increase profits;
rate of return on sales.
b. Economic Center
- The indicators on the state of the overall economic development (GDP and GDP
contribution of the center in the province's economy; economic growth medium;
sectoral economic structure; Total value of production/labor total economic activity
of the heart; GDP/person; spreading, associated).
- The indicators on the state of development ( Industry: production value, the growth
rate of industrial production value, Share of industrial production value, Major industry
(qualitative indicators), form TOI in center; Services: value, growth rate of total retail
sales of goods and services consumers; Featured services of the center. Agriculture:
production value, the growth rate of agricultural production value; crops, livestock
mainly; Forms TOA)
c. Economic sub-regional
- The general criteria (Natural areas; land use structure; population and population
density; Labor: quantity, structure, proportion of trained; production capital
investment; infrastructure and urban systems);
- The indicators on the state of economic development (GDP, GDP ratio compared to
the province and the GDP growth rate; sectoral economic structure; Total production
value/total employees of sub-regional economic activity; GDP per capita. Current
status of the development of the industry: the system can use only objective
assessment of the state of development of the central sector of the economy,
including attention to the target of specific products (specialization); TOE in the sub-
region; center (nucleus) of the economic sub-region).
1.2. BASIC PRACTICAL
1.2.1. TOE in a number of countries around the world
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Subject study TOE of a number of countries around the world such as the ,

South Korea, China, a number of Southeast Asian countries and draw some lessons
for Vietnam.
1.2.2. Some form TOE in Vietnam
1.2.2.1. Some industry form TOE under
a. Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
- Farm country nearly 145.9 thousand TT (2010). Nearly 55% of the annual crop
is TT and TT aquaculture. Mekong Delta and Red River Delta are two regions with
the largest number of farms in the country.
- Growing areas in Vietnam have formed and developed include: rice-growing
areas, rubber, coffee, tea, sugar cane, pineapples, cashew, paper materials, or dairy-
lying farming seafood,
- Agricultural Region: In Vietnam now has 7 agro-ecological zones. Each area
has ecological conditions, socio-economic conditions, the level of intensive
agricultural production structure and various specialized products also vary. It is the
region: the northern mountainous midland, Red River Delta, North central Coast,
South Central Coast, Central Highlands, Southeast and Mekong Delta.
For provincial scope, no agricultural areas where only small agricultural areas.
Depending on the natural characteristics of each province may have a few small
agricultural area in accordance with the ecological characteristics. In each
agricultural sub-region, the natural conditions, the socio-economic similarities and
has some specialized products specific to the sub-region.
b. Industry
- Industrial focus: As of 2010, there were 254 industrial zones were established
in 57 provinces, with a total area of 68,800 ha of natural land (land T can lease on
45,000 hectares, accounting about 60% of the total natural land area). In it, there are
171 industrial parks in operation with a total natural land area of 43,375 hectares and
83 industrial zones in the stage of compensation, site clearance and construction.
- Industrial Centre (handicraft)
Based on the role of of TT T in the territorial division of labor, our country has
the small industry of national significance (Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi), the craft of

regional significance (Da Nang , Tho ), the local craft meaningful as Viet Tri, Bac
Giang and Thai Nguyen, Vinh, Nha Trang
Based on the production value of T, the country has great craft (HCM 600 trillion,
2010), handicrafts (from 200 to 500 trillion: Bien Hoa, Vung Tau, Thu Dau Mot, Hanoi),
handicrafts quite large (50 - 100 trillion: Binh Son Quang Ngai, Quang Ninh and Hai
Phong, Bac Ninh, Vinh Phuc Tho, Long An ), the small industry average (from 20 - 50
trillion: Ha Long, Da Nang, and Tan An, My Tho, Hung Yen, Hai Duong
c. Services
- Tourist Attractions: significant leading national destinations - international,
including the world heritage and national monuments special. To date, there are 13
world heritage site and 23 national monuments special recognition. In addition, there
are hundreds of tourist local and regional significance.
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- Tourist: By 2010, both n ¬ 10 KDL agreements weight of national formation,
spread from north to south. Projected to 2020 on both the n ¬ convention will have
24 KDL country and 2030 will be 45 KDL.
- Tourist Center: Currently, the area of the country has formed four tourist
centers of national significance, including: Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hue, Da Nang.
In addition, a series of regional significance as the center of Ha Long, Vinh, Dalat,
Nha Trang, Vung Tau, Can Tho,
In provincial areas, tourist centers are often expressed in the form of urban
tourism. That is where the advantage of tourism development and tourism play an
important role in urban operations [30]
- Tour also developed very diverse, including national and regional tours -
international, national and local tours local tourist routes.
- Tourist Region: According to Vietnam's tourism development strategy to the year
2020, Vision 2030, which was approved by the Prime Minister in November / 2011, our
country will have seven tourist regions (boundary coincides with the economic synthesis).
1.2.2.2. The form of spatial TOE
a. Economic zone: there are now 18 EZ approved in the development plan of the

country's EZ 2020 with a total area of 730.6 thousand ha, about 2.2% of the total area
of the country. In particular, the end of 2011, there were 15 EZ was established with
a total area of 662.2 thousand ha.
b. Economic center (EC): has 2 national EC - 2 special urban: the capital Hanoi and
Ho Chi Minh City; 3 regional EC - grade 1, central cities: Hai Phong (northern coastal
region), Da Nang (central), Can Tho (the South West). In addition, water we also have EC -
grade 1: Thai Nguyen and Nam Dinh, Hue, Vinh, Dalat, Nha Trang and Quy Nhon and
Buon Ma Thuot; Which, Vinh City is being built to become EC regions north central;
1.2.3. Some forms TOE at North central
1.2.3.1. The form TOE of branch
a. Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
* Farm: By 2010, the north central has 10.303 farms, accounting for 7.1% of the
total number of farms in the country.
* Growing areas: In addition to the rice crop is still considered important in order to
stabilize food, north central has formed a number of specialized areas associated with
industrial processing and export, such as: peanut-growing regions, cane-growing
areas, the rubber-growing areas, the production of pepper, fruit trees;-stricken
livestock bovine meat; concentrated aquaculture areas
b. Industry
* Industrial: As of 2010, the north central has 16 active IPs with a total area of
3.7 thousand hectares, the average size of 228.9 hectares / IP, fill rate 53.6%, higher
than the the national average (49.9%).
* Industrial Center: Vinh city (food beverages, building materials, mechanical,
textile, thick; Thanh Hoa City (mechanical, chemical, building materials, food,
beverages) , Nghi Son (building materials, mechanical, petroleum products; Hue City
is both a tourist center, and is the industrial center (textiles - thick, food, beverages,
construction materials, wood processing and forest products).
c. Travel Services
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- The tourist national or international significance include: Ho, Dong Loc T-junction,

the souvenir Nguyen Du, Quang Tri Citadel, Bach Ma National Park, Dong Hoi.
- A number of urban-regional tourism center, the province, forming and
promoting the role of Sam Son, Cua Lo, Hue. Besides, a new TCLTDL form also
under construction and development in the region is the KDL, including: Kim Lien
Thien Cam, Phong Nha - Ke Bang, Lang Co - Canh Duong
- In the region has formed a national tourist routes, such as: online Thanh Hoa,
Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Thua Thien Hue to Ho Chi Minh City or
Hanoi along National Highway 1A ; online Hue, Dong Ha Dong Hoi - Phong Nha;
online Hue, Dong Ha Lao Bao along Highway 1 and 9.
1.2.3.2. The form of spatial TOE
a. Economic zone: Nghi Son (Thanh Hoa), Nghe An Southeast, Vung Ang (Ha
Tinh), rather than in Quang Binh, Quang Tri South East, Chan May - Lang Co (Thua
Thien Hue) has a total area of more than 121 thousand hectares, accounting for
16.6% of the total area of the country EZ. In 2010, the rate of filling of the IPs in the
EZ of the activities was 53.6%, higher than the national average (49.9%) [117].
b. Economic centers: Vinh, Thanh Hoa, Hue.
Chapter 2. INFLUENCE FACTORS AND STATUS OBOUTN TOE IN
NGHE AN PROVINCE
(Include 78 pages, 05 maps, 06 charts and 22 tables)
2.1. FACTORS AFFECTING TOE
2.1.1. Geographical location
Nghe An province in the north central, the territory stretching from the Northwest
and Southeast, the natural area is 16490.7 km2, including 17 (7 district, coastal plains and
mountainous district 10), TP Vinh and two towns: Cua Lo, Thai Hoa with 473
communes, wards and townships. The population in 2010 was 2929.1 thousand people.
Nghe territory located in the following coordinates: from 18,035 'to 20010'10'' north
latitude and from 103050'25'' to 105040'30'' east longitude. Northern, Nghe An adjacent
Thanh Hoa province (196 km), the South Ha Tinh (92.6 km), west bordering with Lao
PDR 419km, east overlooking the South China Sea with a length of coastline is 82km.
Nghe An geographic location easily establish relationships with the local economy in

the country as well as to expand the exchange of international economic, is important to
TOE factor, especially in agriculture, industry and the key territorial development poles.
2.1.2. Natural conditions and natural resources
2.1.2.1. Terrai
Nghe An has a varied topography, complex, both medium high mountains with
coastal plain. Diverse terrain is determined TOE basis. In the hilly areas of land
wide, capable of developing the farm, the forest growing, perennial crops, raising
cattle or arranged the mining and hydropower; lines, eco-tourism, etc.; In plain areas,
facilitate the layout of the farm, the growing of food crops, industrial crops, points,
and industrial zones services; coastal areas, islands can develop synthetic marine
economic sectors: tourism, ports, fisheries, shipbuilding, mining, marine Coastal
plain area with many advantages over the formation and development of industrial
zones, EZ, TZ; There are many estuaries can set the port transport and fishing port:
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Cua Lo, Dong Hoi, the door this will be the driving force, creating attraction, the
spread for the surrounding area, creating a new position and force for socio-
economic development of the province.
2.1.2.2. Climate
Cclimate of Nghe An is monsoon tropics, Asia tropical winter. Climate
differentiation according to dimensions North-South, East-West and at the height of the
terrain create favorable conditions for the TOA in the ecological advantages of each sub-
region and make contact complete in TOE.
2.1.2.3. Water Resources
a. Surface water resources are estimated at 42 billion m3 with dense river
system, river network density from 0.6 to 0.7 km/km2. The river system is the largest
river in the province, 375 km (only flows in the Nghe An Province), has an area of
17 730 km2 basin, with 82 tributaries of grades 1, 2, accounting for 80% of water
surface the province. In general, rivers have large values for the TOE, especially in
TOA, waterway transportation, hydropower industry for the province.
b. Groundwater resources of the province is considered plentiful. Unless the

basalt Nghia Dan, Quy Hop, groundwater capacity in the places remaining to meet
water demand and production.
2.1.2.4. Natural land resources, the province had 1649 thousand hectares. In
particular, rivers, streams and mountain area of 76.2 thousand hectares (4.6%), the
remaining 1572.8 ha in the two systems mainland: land feralit in the hills and alluvial
plains and create conditions for production organization and forms TOE layout.
2.1.2.5. Forest resources of the province was 876.5 thousand hectares (head of the
country, accounting for about 6.5% of national forest area), the coverage was 53.15%
(ranked 8/63 provinces and cities). In particular, the natural forest area accounts for 84.2%,
with total reserves of about 50 million m3 of wood, bamboo, availability meters over one
billion trees, allowing provinces to organize forestry production goods large scale.
2.1.2.6. Mineral resources of the province has 113 mines with relatively large
volume, 171 ore and limestone are fairly evenly distributed in the locality. In particular,
the main mineral extraction conditions include: tin, white marble, limestone, clay,
stones, gravel, iron ore, mineral water reserves and the distribution of minerals have an
impact on the formation and development of the mining industry and the processing
industry to make up the richness in picture TOI of the province.
2.1.2.7. Marine Resources
Nghe An has a coastline of 82 km, an area of the sea is 4230 square nautical
miles and is considered the potential for development of fisheries (fisheries reserve
of about 80 thousand tons, capable of exploiting the some 35 - 37 thousand tons/year
and 3.5 thousand ha of brackish water), marine tourism (many beautiful beaches: Cua
Lo, Nghi Thiet, Nghi Yen, of the Constitution, Forum Members, Hon Cau, Quynh
Quynh Table, Quynh Lap ), port (of the, Cua Lo Nghi Thiet, Islamic East and is
a favorable area to allocate IPs and EZs.
2.1.3. The socio-economic factors
2.1.3.1. Population and labor force
a. Population Nghe fourth most populous country and the second in the north
central (after Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh and Thanh Hoa) with a total population of 2.93
10

million. Currently, Nghe An is a "golden population structure", are favorable conditions
for socio-economic development in the province in general, TOE particular.
b. Labour of the province was 1.85 million, accounting for 63.6% of the
population. Labor force is largely young and fit: between the ages of 15 and 24
accounted for 22.5%; between 25 and 34 accounted for 15%, from 35 to 44
accounted for 12.7%, and from 45 - 54 8.7 % [2]. However, the level of labor is low
(in 2010, the percentage of trained labor share is 14.7%). Structural shift workers but
slow. In 2010, the agricultural, forestry and fishery workers accounted for 65.7%,
industry and construction 20 percent and services 14.3%.
2.1.3.2. Provincial Science and Technology aims to bring progress for
production and life, especially in the fields of agriculture, forestry, fisheries and
industry. Many technology transfer project was made effective as: fruit seed
development (orange, pineapple), hybrid herd development, development of shrimp,
shrimp greasybock, shrimp summer, introduced varieties put into production,
processing of agricultural, forestry and aquatic products
The subject of social science and humanities deployed contribute to the
conservation and promotion of cultural values tradition, the scientific basis and practical
help committees and governments at all levels set socio-economic development policies
consistent and can be exploited to construct points, lines, TZ
2.1.3.3. Infrastructure
a. Communications
- The network of motorways throughout the province with over 13 thousand km,
average road density is the 0.79 km/km2 natural area.
- Unified railway networks running the length of 124 km over 7 provinces, the
largest of which is the station of Vinh; Railway Bridge Laundry (Forum Asia) -
Nghia Dan is 32 km long railway linking consistent with Nghia Dan, transportation
of timber and forest products; Railway Bridge Dry - Cua Lo town unified railway
connection with Cua Lo, passenger and goods import and export.
- Transport by sea of the province with the port system development located
along the coastline. To the south of the province Cua Lo, a capacity of 1.5 million

tons / year, capable of receiving vessels of 10 thousand DWT. North of the province
of Dong Hoi port is being built to serve the needs of the import and export of goods
for the thermal power plants, steel mills and construction materials in Dong Hoi
Industrial Park and surrounding areas.
- Transport by air: Vinh Airport runway 2.400m long; 45m wide with four lanes
aircraft, receive the kind of middle-class A320 - A321 or equivalent, transport
capacity over 80 thousand passengers / year.
b. Telecommunications network of the province is investing in modern
technology, high flux, increasing the speed and quality with a full range of:
telephone, fax, internet All communes in the province are equipped with digital
electronic total stations with fiber optic cable and digital microwave transmission
network, 100% of communes have phone and mobile phone coverage.
c. Power supply and distribution systems primarily from the national power grid
through four lines: two high-voltage 500 KV, 220 KV, 110 KV. Provincial grid
system includes: 220 KV transmission line (243 km), 110 kV transmission line (171
11
km), 35 KV (1519 km), 22 KV (696 km), low-voltage lines with a total length of
more than 10 thousand km. There has been a 100% air districts the national
electricity grid, 95% of communes, wards and electricity use.
d. Water supply system from 37 plants, water supply stations, in which: 15
plants supply water to urban areas, with a total capacity of over 80 thousand m3/day,
22 factories, stations water supply for rural areas (total capacity of over four
thousand m3/day), meet about 87% of the demand for water in the city and 85% of
the demand for clean water in rural areas.
2.1.3.4. Capital development
a. The provincial capital is mobilized up to speed quickly, the average period of
2001 - 2010 to 15 - 17% / year and the investment-to-GDP ratio is increasing: from
42.4% in 2001 to 54, 2% in 2010.
b. Investment outside the province has attracted 436 projects, including 118
foreign investment projects with a total capital $ 1,499.3 and 318 domestic

investment projects capitalized at 113.8 trillion (period 2001 - 2010).
2.1.3.5. Prominent policy environment is urban development policy system -
creating territorial framework, the driving force of economic development in space;
industrial zone development policy, EZ; policy development sectors associated with
advantage of each sector in the territory; policies to build economic infrastructure of
a modern, rapidly growing source of energy to meet the needs of industrialization
and modernization of the province; Strengthening institutional capacity and
development human resources; technology transfer, capacity building and research
Nghe An implementation that has the potential
2.1.3.6. Market and inter-regional economic relations
a. Domestic market, with nearly 3 million people in the province and the
country's 86.9 million people.
b. Foreign markets: South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong; Asian newly industrialized
countries; Japan, European countries, America; Russia, the countries of Northeast Asia.
2.1.3.7. Inter-regional economic relations with the developing central the
Central key economic region, with the South of Thanh Hoa- North of Nghe An and
South of Nghe An - North of Ha Tinh.
2.1.3.8. Political and economic activities international society in the region
and will create better conditions for the country as well as local to make good use of
the opportunity created by the international context, expand ability comprehensive
international economic cooperation, exploiting comparative advantage, taking
advantage of external resources to promote better internal resources and create
synergy to develop the country.
2.1.4. General assessment of the factors affecting TOE Nghe An province
2.2. STATUS TOE NGHE AN
2.2.1. Overview
2.2.2. TOE by branch
2.2.2.1. Agriculture
Farm is TOA form prominent and popular in the process of industrialization and
modernization in the province of Nghe An. In 2010 increased 1.9 times from 2005 to

1859 farms (18.0% of the total number of farms in the region north central and 1.3% of
12
the total number of farms in the country). Scale of production and labor productivity of
the farms are expanding continually. In 2010, the total value of production of goods and
services on the farms is 370.6 billion, 3.5 times compared to 2005, the contribution of this
criterion in the province's agricultural, forestry and fishery production value increased
from 1.2 percent to 1.8 percent during the same period. Average labor productivity of
farms increased from 12.5 million in 2005 to 23.9 million in 2010, nearly 1.3 times higher
than the overall labor productivity of the AFF (19 million / employee) .
Production efficiency thus improved. The rate of farm income from capital increased
from 27.3% in 2005 to 37.5% in 2010. The rate of return compared to the value of goods
and services common to the farm level also increased from 39% to 41% in the same period.
Distribution, sub-Northwest is home to the largest number of farms with 960
farms (51.6% of the total number of farms in the province). State coastal plains has
747 farms (40.2% of farms in the province). The number of farms in the Southwest
sub-region is at least 152 farms (8.2%).
* General assessment of current farm development
2.2.2.2. Industry
In Nghe An TOI picture, emerging forms of IP. By 2010, Nghe An province has
three zones were in operation on the area of 678 ha, including: North Vinh,
Restricted and Hoang Mai, accounting for 23.8% of the planned industrial park. The
average size of 226 ha / IP, Nam Cam Industrial Park covers an area of the largest
planned in three industrial parks went into operation.
Fill rate of active IPs in the province in 2010 was 63.2%, an increase of 22.3%
compared to 2008, higher than the overall average (62%). Production scale is expanding
constantly. In 2010, the production value reached 2032.8 billion IPs (more than 8 times
in 2005). Average period of production value growth of 53.9%. Contribution in the total
industrial production value targets of the province increased from 1.8% to 5.2% for the
same period. Labor productivity of the industrial zones in 2010 reached 335.9 million,
2.3 times compared to 2005, labor productivity 6.4 times the whole province and 2.2

times the industry labor productivity the province (154.3 million / labor).
Production efficiency of the industrial zones are gradually promoted. Scale up
from 1.56 billion profit in 2005 to 56.8 billion in 2010. The average profit growth
rate phase of the industrial zone is 113.4% / year.
However, the level of production efficiency of the industrial zone is not high. In
the period 2005 - 2010, the average rate of return on capital is only 2.2%. If the rate
of return on sales, the figure is even lower (2.18%).
* Overall assessment on the state of development of industrial zones
2.2.2.3. Tourism
TOT Nghe An has 4 main form is tourist, KDL, urban tourism and tourist
routes. In fact development, the form of this relationship closely together to make up
the rapid development and empowerment of local tourism in the region's tourism
north central as well as the nation. In particular, urban tourism Cua Lo emerged with
the performance as well as the contribution of the tourism development of the
province and the North central region.
Table 2.10. Synthesis of a number of indicators of urban tourism activities
in marine tourism
13
Năm 2001 2005 2010
1. Number of customers (thousands) 360,0 1050,0 1872,0
Compared to the province (%) 59,4 69,5 68,8
Including: - Domestic customers 357,9 1044,5 1869,0
- International customers 2,1 5,5 2,97
2. Accommodation establishments 53 201 301
Compared to the province (%) 55,8 60,9 67,9
3. Tourism revenue (billions) 20,2 121,0 301,2
Compared to the province (%) 40,9 61,1 62,0
4. Labor (people) 1400 1900 3000
Compared to the province (%) 56,0 52,8 57,7
5.Tourism labor productivity (10

6
VNĐ/labor) 14,4 63,7 100,4
Compared to the province (%) 26,4 66,7 68,7
6. The share of tourism revenue in total
production value of the town
13,7 11,2 17,8
* General assessment of territory tourism organizations
2.2.3. Spatial TOE
2.2.3.1. Southeast Economic Zone
EZ was founded on 11/06/2007 by decision number 85/2007/QD - TTG of the
Prime Minister with a total area of 18.8 thousand hectares, including 18 communes
of 3 districts of Nghe An province Nghi Loc, Dien Chau and Cua Lo TX.
a. Scale and the ability to rent: Area may EZ rental is 9177 ha (48.7% of the
total area of the EZ). In 2010, the fill rate is 25.3%.
b. Investment situation: By the end of 2010, EZ Southeast has attracted 55
investment projects, including 50 domestic investment projects (9108.2 billion) and
five water projects out (15 million USD). Investment projects in Southeast EZ
mainly processing industry (construction materials, limestone, seafood, timber,
fodder, etc.); mining industry and infrastructure construction floor.
c. Employment and labor income in Southeast EZ also increasingly improved. In
2010, EZ jobs for 1603 employees with an average salary of 2.3 million VND / month.
d. Business situation
- EZ Scale of production value in 2010 reached 871 billion, an increase of 4.3
times compared to 2008 and accounted for 41% of total industrial production value
of of EZ businesses in Southeast and industrial zones in the province. Speed increase
average production value in the period 2008 - 2010 is 126% / year. Accounting for
the highest proportion of the processing industry (construction materials, limestone,
seafood, timber, fodder, etc.) with more than 90% of total production value of the
EZ.
- Labor productivity high with 543 million / labor, 10.3 times more than the

average labor productivity of the province.
14
- Scale EZ revenue increased from 200.8 billion (2008) to 1398.9 billion (2010 -
contributed about 1% of total revenue of the EZ Vietnam) [10], the rate of increase
The average period of 169.3% / year.
- Percentage of sales / production value increased from 99.5% in 2008 to 161% in
2010, suggesting that in addition to material production activities supporting services in
the EZ has been focused on the development, contributing to add value to the EZ.
- Export value (GTXK) always contribute on 1/3 of revenue and tend to increase
the share (from 31.1% in 2008 to 71.1% in 2010); import-export balance of EZ
always positive and exports tend to increase the density in the structure of import and
export values.
e. Production and business efficiency
Scale profit and EZ's rate of return is not high. In 2010, valued at 26.4 billion
profit, the rate of return is 3%, the average annual profit of 14.7 billion. The reason is
that the new EZ in operation, production is not stable.
f. Overall Assessment
2.2.3.2. Economic Center
a. Vinh City is the oldest capital of Nghe An province and has been recognized as a
grade 1 in 2008, covers an area of 104.9 km2 and a population of 305.6 thousand.
- The status of economic development
Table 2.14. Socio-economic indicators of Vinh City from 2001 – 2010
Year
200
1
200
5
201
0
GDP (10

3
billion VNĐ)
1,4 2,7 10,9
Contribute to the province's (%)
17,
7
21,
7
26,3
Contribute to the North central's GDP (%)
4,7 4,7 14,0
Growth rate (%)
-
12,
5
12,0
GDP
structure
(%)
Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries
3,4 2,1 1,5
Industry - Construction
34,
9
23,
5
23,4
Services
61,

7
74,
4
75,1
Value of production (10
3
billion VNĐ)
2,3
7,4
22,5
GDP/person (10
6
VNĐ)
7,9
8
15,
6
35,6
Labor productivity (10
6
VND/labor)
47,
7
53,
9
107,
4
+ Industry: City is five industrial zones, including North Vinh is effective IPs
with a fill rate of 88.5%, jobs for nearly 4.5 million workers, representing 55% of the
production value, 61.6% in sales, 42.4% in earnings and 69.6% of the budget

contribution of the industrial zones in the province. The industrial Hung Dong, Dong
Vinh and Nghi Phu Hung Loc is operating on the basis of the business went into
production stability and development.
+ Services: Vinh City is a service center and the focal point of import and export
goods from neighboring provinces and territories. From the city of Vinh, the goods
15
are delivered to the region's major commercial centers such as: Ha Tinh Thanh Hoa,
Quang Binh, Quang Tri, the central business district of the province and the country:
Laos China In particular, Vinh market wholesalers and retail, import and export of
Nghe An and north central.
+ The strong economic growth of the city of Vinh in recent years has spread to the
periphery and inevitably the expansion of urban space (additional 37.4 km2) and make
the effects of enhanced city. From Vinh area affected links expanded in the direction:
Hung Nguyen - Nam Dan, Quynh Luu – Do Luong, Nghi Loc, Con Cuong - Thanh
Chuong - Que Phong (West). Around Vinh has established a number of satellite towns:
Nghi Xuan town, the town of Xuan An, Hong Linh town of Ha Tinh, Hung Nguyen
town, the town of Nam Dan and Cua Lo town.
b. Thai Hoa Town is a new urban growth poles of the state of the North West
province of Nghe An, Vinh city 90 km to the northwest. The town was established by
Decree No. 164/2007/ND-CP dated 15/11/2007 of the Prime Minister, including four
wards and 6 communes, covering an area of 135 km2 and a population of 60.1 thousand
The status of economic development
Table 2.16. Socio-economic indicators of Thai Hoa town 2009 - 2010 [2,16,18]
Indicator 2009 2010
Nghe
An province,
2010
Northwest
subregion, 2010
GDP (10

3
billion VNĐ)
786,1 940,9 41427,4 6027,0
Growth rate (%)
- 11,4 11,0 7,1
GDP structure (%)
100 100 100 100
- Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries
25,0 13,0 28,5 41,1
- Industry - Construction
27,8 37,0 33,5 27,6
- Services
47,2 50,0 38,0 31,3
Value of production (10
3
billion VNĐ)
1593,3 1922,1 84535,5 12198,0
GDP/person (10
6
VNĐ)
13,1 15,7 14,1 11,1
Labor productivity (10
6
VND/labor)
41,9 50,3 52,5 38,2
+ Agriculture: Thai Hoa is the area growing sugar cane, coffee, rubber, etc.
associated with the processing plant.
+ Industry: Forming the key territory as industrial industry line in, means
America; cottage industries and village Quang Phong

+ Services: Taihe Town is the largest commercial center of the state of the
North West, a bridge and flow distribution center.
c. Evaluating the general state of economic development centers
2.2.3.3. Sub-regional economic
Besides the formation of EZ, economic center, economic organization of space
in Nghe An province also differentiation in the sub-region based on segmentation of
natural and economic conditions of each area of socio- areas. Currently, the territory
16
of the province was formed three sub-regional economy, which is sub-coastal plains
and Southwest sub-region.
Table 2.24. Aggregate some indicator of the three sub-regions
Indicator Unit TVĐBVB TVTB TVTN
area Km
2
2.700 5.371 8.375
Population 10
3
people 1860,0 543,9 522,0
The population
density
people/km
2
690 101 62
Labor 10
3
people 1161,7 347,8 309,2
Trained labor rate % 19,6 10,2 10,2
Production capital Billion 44.496 4.623 4.623
Advantages
The flat

terrain
- Land line
pretty laid
fertile
- Abundant
water
- Rich
marine
resources
- The
quantity
and quality
of the
highest
population
and labor
-
Infrastructure,
the best
technical
facilities
- Rich
urban
system
Land feralit
(land
13.000ha
red basalt)
- Large
forest area

(40%)
- Minerals:
tin, white
marble,
limestone,
gravel,
construction,
mineral
water
- Thu gate
- Roads,
electricity,
irrigation
development
is quite
The
province's
largest forest
area (50%)
-
Hydroelectric
energy
reserves 1300
MW
- International
border gate
and Nam Can
Thanh Thuy
National
Difficulties Lack of

professional
and
technical
workers
Educational
level and
low
percentage
of trained
workers.
- Capital
investment
for limited
The complex
topography,
many alpine
- Arid climate
- Educational
level, the
percentage of
trained labor
and low
17
Indicator Unit TVĐBVB TVTB TVTN
production
capital
investment
for
production.
- Sparse

urban
networks
-
Infrastructure,
poor technical
infrastructure
Contribution to
provincial
’
GDP
%
71,3 14,6 14,0
GDP/person
10
6
VND/person
15,8 11,1 11,1
Labor productivity
10
6
VND/person
60,1 38,2 38,6
In three sub regional economy, coastal plain sub-regional leader in the
development conditions, the ability to exploit the territory, level of economic
development as well as contribute to the economy of the province and is the effective
the highest economic development. sub-northwest second in both conditions as well
as the level and development effectiveness.
However, there are significant differences in development between the three sub-
regions, especially in the beginning and the end. coastal plain sub-regional only 16.4% of
the area but concentrate 63.3% of the population and contributes 71.3% of the province's

GDP. Per capita income of coastal plain sub-regional 1.4 times higher than the other two
regions, labor productivity more than 1.5 times compared to sub-southwest.
2.2.4. General assessment of the Nghe An TOE
2.2.4.1. The results achieved
TOE create territorial framework for the formation of urban and economic centers
(Vinh, Taihe town), the driving force for development (EZ Southeast), IPs, TZ-growing
region. TOE contribute to the province's production from small-scale production,
distributed to large-scale commodity production with the formation of a number of key
products: building materials, stone white, milk and beverages, sugar , frozen seafood,
economic structural shift in the right direction. TOE promote the process of
urbanization, the urban system in the province is formed with more number associated
with the requirements of socio-economic development of the province, the urban
landscape becomes more spacious; create more more jobs, higher labor productivity, so
that the per capita income is significantly improved. Especially created to be a positive
change in the style of production, adapt to the market of a residential parts and labor -
factors to ensure socio-economic development with faster speeds, higher.
2.2.4.2. These limitations exist in: Forms TOE not catch a maximum territorial
advantage, the investment priorities and policies of the province; production scale is
small, do not create motivation - the spread as expectations for the adjacent territory.
18
Forms TOE mainly formed in SRC (EZ, EC IPs ), in the other two sub-regions form
an important TOE tied to the strength of territory almost no investment and
development (EZ gate, IP, TZ ). Especially Southwest sub-region have not developed
a positive economic development center. There is no clear division of labor and the link
in the form TOE, status is still "in its every man for himself", the IZ, EZ can not be
created leading products competitive on the market, overlapping investment waste
production, reducing the competitiveness of the product. The management and control
of the environment in the industrial zones, EZ does not exist or the waste treatment
system is not working.
Chapter 3. ORIENTATION AND SOLUTIONS FOR TERRITORIAL

ORGANIZATION ECONOMIC NGHE AN PROVINCE TO 2020
(includes 35 pages, 01 maps, 01 tables)
3.1. Orientation, attitudes and economic development goals
3.2. Perspective, goal-oriented and TOE
3.2.1. Views
- Focus resources to create positive growth, region, and developed a number of
key areas, innovative products.
- Urban Development in accordance with the distribution and level of
development of productive forces in the province.
- Planning to develop economic zones, industrial development must go hand in
hand with planning the essential social infrastructure, such as: housing, schools,
medical facilities, sports to create favorable conditions for workers.
- In agriculture, economic development associated with market goods, to
overcome the economic self-development, self-sufficiency, small.
- Developing service oriented diversification, forming a network of service
centers in the district, sub-region.
3.2.2. Target: Construction and development of Southeast EZ multi-disciplinary,
multi-function, becoming a breakthrough development areas of Nghe An province; Step
by step construction of a complete urban system the province has socio-economic
infrastructure and modern techniques, clean urban environment, distribution and rational
development in the province, make protection for each municipality to develop stable,
balanced and sustainable. Development of Vinh city into the cultural and economic center
of the north central, together with the construction of Nghe An EZ Southeast, creating
growth poles of the province and the region. Take adequate resources to the development
of small and medium-sized urban centers, on the basis of fully exploit the advantages and
potential of all regions, linked together to support all areas of development, development
to create balance in three regions: northwest, southwest, and the coastal plain.
Development of the Nam Cam, Hoang Mai, Nghia Dan, Quynh Luu sea - Dien Chau -
Nghi Loc to motivate provincial economic growth. Establish key marine economic
development along the coastal strip to spearhead economic seaports and maritime,

shipbuilding; farming and fishing; island tourism development associated with coastal
cities. Socio-economic development of the West.
3.2.3 Orientation
3.2.3.1. Oriented sector TOE
19
a. Industry: In the period 2011 to 2020, conducting basic construction investment IPs
Government. To attract investment projects to essentially fill the area of Nam Cam
Industrial Park, Hoang Mai. Perform the procedure called for, attract business investment
in Phu Quy IP. Conduct site survey organizations in the district, the local to establish
some new IPs: Luong (key is cement) and Anh Son (attached to the Ho Chi Minh to force
the processing of agricultural and forest products, construction materials production.
b. Agriculture: Development of farming systems in the direction of expansion of
and commodity production scale; development of high quality rice-growing region;
formed an of concentrated industrial plant with large scale associated with the processing
and sale of products (groundnut, sesame, tea, etc.); promote concentrated livestock areas,
which focus on cattle breeding in the mountainous districts; formation and development
of the area used for growing vegetables food, flowers, ornamental plants; exploitation
and efficient use of forest land, especially of natural protected areas Pu, Pu and Pu Mat
National Park activities; Development of aquaculture areas large-scale commodity focus;
gradually forming high-tech agricultural production.
c. Tourism: Development in key areas, including: South Forum and vicinity; Vinh
City; Cua Lo town; Pu Mat National Park and vicinity; Giang Son hot mineral waters -
Chengdu Liang; Quy Chau - Que Phong; the Quynh Luu cruise - Dien Chau - Nghi Loc.
Tourist resort network is organized in association with the formation and
development of the national urban system, focusing on some of the following areas:
tourist resort of the hole, Quynh Sea, the City, the Cape Dragon; ecotourism areas:
Pristine Pu Mat, Jiangshan hot springs, waterfall Back And, slot operators Attached,
the cave Quy Chau, Quy Hop and riverside tourism, travel desertions, Eyes .
3.2.3.2. Spatial orientation TOE
a. Economic Zone:

Coastal EZ: Economic Development Southeast ensure the provision of efficient
and sustainable synthesis of socio - economic, national security and the environment:
To locate functional areas in accordance with current building conditions, natural
terrain, the technical infrastructure to bring the highest economic efficiency; mount
the development of the relationship with the city of Vinh, Cua Lo town, the town of
Quan Hanh, Dien Chau town and vicinity access; Take maximum advantage of Cua
Lo port, airport Vinh, National Highway 1A and the entire transport system of the EZ
for the development of the EZ. At the same time, maximize the advantages of natural
resources and labor of the EZ; favorable priority areas in terms of construction,
technical infrastructure conditions to form IPs and non-tariff areas to attract more
investment into the EZ for economic development.
Border-gate economic zone: Complete construction of the international border Nam
Can (Ky Son district), economic development commensurate with the international border;
continue building gate Thanh Thuy (Thanh Chuong) gate International Vietnam, Laos, Ho
Chi Minh route connected to exchanges with Laos and other countries in the region;
Prepare infrastructure investment to open more border gates (Que Phong).
b. Economic center
City Development Vinh strong economic center of the province, is an urban cultural
and economic center of the North central region. Construction Vinh - Cua Lo become the
major commercial center of the North central, a cargo hub, wholesale, import and export
20
to the province and the region; urban form - a new growth pole (Con Cuong, Hoang Mai,
Luong Phu Forum).
c. Sub-regional economic
* State coastal plains: By sector: priority to develop specialized areas of short-
term industrial crops, pig, cow, farming areas in fisheries; Nam Cam Industrial Park
Development, Hoang Mai, new construction Tho Loc Industrial Zone, Dong Hoi ; urban
tourism development Cua Lo, resorts Kim Lien, Bai Lu; build new resorts Quynh Sea,
Cape Dragon, In space: Developing and expanding development and economic
center pole Vinh City, Cua Lo town; Construction growth poles Hoang Mai town

* State North West: By sector: Development of regional long-term industrial
crops: coffee, rubber, tea, orange, regional stability and intensive sugar cane,
accelerate the breeding buffalo (Tan States, Quy Hop, Que Phong, Quy Chau), beef
(Tan Ky, Quy Chau), and watershed protection forests, special-use forests Pu, Pu
activity, regional development planting materials; Construction and development of
clusters industry in Quy Hop, Nghia Dan Que Phong, gradually forming IPs Phu
Quy; Quy Chau tourism development, enhance system service business center in the
district, expanding the role of the service center Taihe town; In space: Construction
Thu gate, continue to invest in development to Thai Hoa town became a major
economic center - sub-regional growth poles of the Northwest.
* State the Southwest: About industry: Developing specialized areas planted
crops: tea, sugar cane, oranges, cassava; promote regional development bovine
animal meat; Regional Development planting materials for the processing industry
wood, paper material in UK Son, Thanh Chuong; Construction and effective
protection of Pu Mat National Park; Gradually building and formation of IPs
associated with the production of building materials, with key products are cement
(in British Paints ), natural stone tiles, agro-forestry production of the tea, cassava,
meat of bovine animals, etc.; develop eco-tourism Pu Mat National Park; promote the
development of commercial center systems and services in the district, enhance the
role of service centers Con Cuong town. As space: Construction EZ Nam Can border
gate, Thanh Thuy gate; Formation and development investment a positive economic
growth center for the sub-region in the town of Con Cuong.
3.3. The solutions TOE to 2020
3.3.1. The general solution
3.3.1.1. Planning: Regularly assess and review for approved plan to adjust and
supplement timely suit the new context; attach importance to the planning, building
and improving infrastructure systems , especially transport and energy infrastructure
- "skeleton" and "blood" of the "body" of socio-economic general, TOE in particular;
Planning forms TOE must proceed in parallel and placed in intimate relationship
with the surrounding residential areas, especially for the form as IPs and EZs.

3.3.1.2. Development infrastructure
3.3.1.3. Raise capital from other sources: the state budget, business, capital,
mobilization of the people, foreign investment (FDI and ODA) and foreign
provinces.
3.3.1.4. Human Resource Development
21
On the basis of standardized planning and staff, improve qualification under the
motto "what to learn, lack of education"; developed and implemented thoroughly
compelling policy to encourage qualified labor force, good business; Attracting
experts, highly qualified workers from outside the priority areas which forces the
missing spot; diversified forms training;
3.3.1.5. Science and Technology
Using multi-tier technology, giving priority to modern technology, combined with
traditional technology; Investment in equipment technical facilities management service
of science and technology to meet the timely research and deployment baseline; create
conditions to attract national experts to participate in the program S - T of the province;
Innovation policy for staff working with a team of scientists technology; renew the
statistical approach S - T according to international guidelines and standards; tax
exemption and reduction for the application of new technology products; encourage
scientific research for solving the pressing issues of the province, especially in
applications in the field of manufacturing and trading.
3.3.1.6. Policy mechanisms: Innovative mechanisms and investment policies;
Support development of the sector; develop relations of production; consolidate
product and market development.
3.3.1.7. International cooperation, regional, and other local
3.3.2.8. Environmental protection, disaster prevention and mitigation
Ensure efficient operation of disaster early warning system; application of
information technology to improve efficiency and increase the service warning;
increase investment synchronization facilities, staff for this work; perform periodic
maneuvers flood, forest fire prevention; perform a thorough environmental law,

environmental impact assessment seriously and construction of waste treatment
systems for all economic development projects in the area
3.3.2. Some specific solutions for each TOE form
3.3.2.1. Farms: Investment, a farm management system, closed from the input
stage to the output to make up the highly CMH; Mounting between farm production
and processing industry; Apply new scientific achievements in production and
business management in the direction of high-tech clean technology; enhance
training programs, fostering scientific and technical training, technology to farmers
appropriate forms; extension workers have the same people involved in the
production process beginning for those products or new manufacturing process
technology; There are specific plans and positive propaganda to raise the prevention
of diseases and natural disasters to each area and the people, especially those directly
involved in production.
3.3.2.2. Industrial Park: Complete early detailed planning of industrial zones for
each period to 2020. Prioritize investment in building the technical infrastructure for
the industrial park conditions, the ability to call for investment in development (Nam
Cam Industrial Park, Hoang Mai IP); Strengthen links between industrial zones,
defined main products of each IP to prioritize investment and attract investment;
planning human resource training, active links, ordered from labor training facilities;
Strengthen joint venture, associated with science centers, research institutes and
universities for advice in improving technology, intensive investment, transfer of
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new technologies; Mandatory implementation of environmental impact assessment
schools and determined only licensed for those IPs, now have waste treatment system
standards; Seriously check and withdraw the operating license for the project, the
production base is not enough capacity to perform business activities.
3.3.2.3. Urban tourism: Diversification of products; closely manage service
activities, required to publicly post the prices of goods and services; periodic training in
a basically cultural tourism for individuals human, business travel service facilities in
the area; Links to parks, tourist attractions in the province (Vinh, Kim Lien, Pu Mat,

Nam Can border gate, Bai Lu, Golden Lotus ) to create attractive tour; enhance the
promotion, tourism promotion in all media, any form, anywhere and anytime;
3.3.2.4. Economic Zone: Links to other forms TOE; organizational form
associations for businesses operating in the same field; study and reorganization of
the system of investment promotion centers and commercial organization and
operation model of a member company; Create linkages and cooperation with two
Nghi Son EZ and Vung Ang; Management and closely monitoring the situation of
production and business of now to have statistics, report observations as the basis for
the assessment and forecast correctly, and anti-tax losses and budget; Conduct
licensed investment options carefully care based on the assessment of the actual
capacity of the investor; thorough recovery of slow project implementation (too time
permits), dissolved and land acquisition for the business enterprise losses long.
3.3.2.5. Economic Center: Implementing the division of labor between
economic centers; provincial regulatory initiative and priority of capital, science and
technology and human resources with technical expertise to create growth poles a
relatively balanced development on the territory of the province, especially with the
growth poles of the vast western region much potential yet to be awakened; promote
the construction of new and upgraded infrastructure to create a bond between the
poles as well as expanding the spread between the poles and the surrounding
territory.
CONCLUSION
1. TOE is an important content of the national socio-economic development strategy
in the medium and long term. TOE crucial to the rational and efficient use of development
resources of the territory. Thereby promoting the economic structure shifted towards
progress, improve their socio-economic development, strengthen relationships, surgical
area, contributing to accelerate the process of economic integration. Therefore,
implementation TOE must comply with the principles and content.
2. Nghe An is a province located in the NORTH CENTRAL, as much territory
conditions favorable for TOE as geographical location, forest resources, marine
resources, population Besides other advantages, provincial TOE also face many

difficulties and challenges such as complexity, are fragmented terrain; rigors of
weather and climate; low level of labor ; the fierce competition of the market
3. TOE Nghe An province in recent years has made certain achievements.
Diverse forms TOE more towards promoting the advantages of territory and space
links. In industry, TOE forms Highlights: farms, industrial parks, urban tourism.
Space, besides the form of sub-regional economic center of economic, appeared a
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new form is EZ. The development of the form TOE were contributing to the
province's economy shifted CHN modernization, improve economic development,
shorten the gap in development compared to the average of the whole country , the
urban as well as rural areas more spacious, people's quality of life significantly
improved. In addition to the achievements, efficiency TOE of the province is still
low, not to promote the full advantage of the territorial and spatial linkages
4. To Nghe An TOE reasonable and more effective in the future, the province
needs to implement a comprehensive system solutions, including including common
solutions TOE (planning, human resource development, mobilization and collection
investment capital, development plan - CN, policies, international cooperation,
regional and local) and specific solutions for some specific forms TOE should be
concentrated focus further development in the future (farm, industrial zones, urban
tourism and EZ).
In the implementation process, due to the content and study areas, research
conditions restricted, is not eligible for self-assessment surveys, statistics from the
agencies for with full each form TOE not so inevitable limitations in the research
results - not the amount of, Crawls effective, the specific contribution of socio-
economic background TOE for research in the area. However, in the course of the
research project, the author has picked up many useful things in terms of content as
well as research methods, both theory and practice for research and teaching present
and future. The limitations of the topics expected to be further studied and improved.
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