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TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN
NGUYỄN TẤT THÀNH
ĐỀ THI THỬ ĐẠI HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH
Năm học 2009-2010
Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the
position of the main stress in each of the following questions .
1. A. information B. decoration C. considerate D. confidential
2. A. ensure B. result C. museum D. follow
3. A. holiday B. monitor C. insurance D. instrument
4. A. sacrifice B. supportive C. compliment D. maintenance
5. A. biology B. historical C. security D. mechanism
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
6. Fiction books tell stories from the author's _________
A. imagine B. imaginative C. imaginable D. imagination
7. It's a pity you did not go to my party. Otherwise, you _________ lots of fun.
A. had B. had had C. would have D. would have had
8. Can you tell me where _________ all morning?
A. you have been B. you were C. have you been D. were you
9. We regret to tell you that the materials you order are out of _________.
A. work B. stock D. reach D. practice
10.They intended to _________ with the old computers as soon as they could afford some new ones.
A. do away B. do up C. do over D. do down
11. _________ the end, the managers decided to stop the tower project as the prices had increased a lot.
A. In B. At C. On D. By
12. There's no _________ in waiting any longer so we left.
A. use B. point C. way D. good
13. _________ you do not have the key, you will have to come back before he leaves.
A. Although B. However C. Provided D. As
14. I have a bad toothache today. I _________ to the dentist yesterday when it started hurting.

A. should go B. should be C. should have gone D. should have been
15. I don't remember _________ the door when I left home this morning.
A. to lock B. locking C. lock D. having locked
16. I want to _________ this old car for a Ferrari but I don't have enough money now.
A. change B. exchange C. sell D. replace
17. If you _________ behaving like this, you will bring yourself nothing but trouble.
A. try on B. turn on C. insist on D. focus on
18. Last week, the professor promised that he _________ about the Internet 3.0 today.
A. told B. tells C. would tell D. is telling
19. I'm sure the answer to my letter _________ before next Friday evening.
A. will arrive B. will have arrived C. arrives D. is arriving
20. It's English phrasal verbs _________ puzzle learners most.
A. which B. that C. who D. Ф
21. "It's kind of you to help me tidy the room"
" _________"
A. Really B. You're welcome C. That's all right D. It doesn’t matter
22. The children can stay here _________ they keep things in order.
A. as long as B. in order to C. because D. although
23. All of us were _________ to hear that he was successful in his final exam.
A. surprising B. surprised C. surprisingly D. surprise
24. "Which of the two boys is a boy Scout?". " _________ of them is"
A. All B. None C. Neither D. Either
25. _________ all university students think that they can earn a lot right after graduation.
A. most B. almost C. mostly D. the most
26. Our school clubs gives students _________ pleasure after school time.
A. a great deal of B. a large number of C. a large quantity of D. a large deal of
27. Art critics do not agree on what _________ a painting great.
A. qualities to make B. qualities make C. are qualities to make D. do qualities make
28. The house still remains in _________ after the hurricane.
A. a good condition B. good condition C. good conditions D. the good condition

29. We are fighting _________ time to finish the job before weekend.
A. on B. in C. with D. against
30. This is _________ the most challenging task I have ever done.
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A. by far B. by all means C. by the way D. by rights
31. Pete was born and brought up in Cornwall and he knows the place like the _________
A. nose on his face B. back of his hand C. hairs on his head D. tip of his tongue
32. His aunt bought him some books on astronomy and football, _________ he had any interest in.
A. neither of whom B. neither of which C. neither of what D. neither of them
33. "_________ ". "Not now but I used to"
A. Won't you have some tea? B. Do you watch TV very often?
C. Some more wine? D. Are you going to bed?
34. "Young people nowadays are ambitious."
A. You can say that again B. You are right
C. That's not it D. You bet
35. "You have a good voice!"
"_________"
A. I appreciate it B. Well-done C. Yes, of course D. You've done a good job
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
word for each of the blanks.
There are various type of pollution in the world. The most 36_________ one is air pollution. it is
caused mostly by factories which discharge smoke. This smoke pollutes the atmosphere 37_________ dust
and cinder which can cause various types of diseases like lung cancer, heart failure and sinus infection.
38_________ inhaled, carbon monoxide from exhaust 39_________ of vehicles is also very dangerous and
can cause instant death if people inhale in 40_________ amount.
Water pollution is the pollution that occurs in the rivers, seas, oceans, lakes and other waterways.
Water pollution is normally caused by the 41_________ of waste such as garbage and faeces. The marine
life in these waters will be affected. Some sea creatures perish while others 42_________ the toxic extracts
of the poisonous wastes in their bodies. When human beings eat these creatures, they will 43 _________ fall

ill or die. In Japan alone, every year, thousand of people suffer 44_________ strange diseases due to
mercury poisoning. Others lose their 45_________ or meet their deaths.
36. A. widespread B. extensive C. intensive D. expanding
37. A. through B. in C. by D. with
38. A. after B. on C. when D. upon
39. A. tubes B. tracts C. pipes D. sprayers
40. A. tremendous B. unlimited C. exceeding D. excessive
41. A. throwing B. pouring C. dumping D. discarding
42. A. stock B. store C. hold D. contain
43. A. either B. both C. equally D. constantly
44. A. by B. from C. through D. with
45. A. aptitude B. competence C. ability D. capacity
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions
Three scales of temperature, each of which permits a precise measurement, are in concurrent use: the
Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales. These three different temperature scales were each developed by
different people and have come to be used in different situations.
The scale that is most widely used by the general public in the United States is the Fahrenheit scale. In
1714, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, a German physicist who was living in Holland and operating an instrument
business, developed a mercury-in-glass thermometer and the temperature scale that still carries his name.
His original scale had two fixed points: 0º was the lowest temperature that he could achieve in a solution of
ice, water, and salt, and 96º was what he believed was the normal temperature of the human body (though
this was later determined to be 98.6º). Based on this scale, he calculated that the freezing point (or ice
point) of water was 32º; in later studies, it was determined that the boiling point of water (the steam point)
was 212º. The Fahrenheit scale came to be accepted as the standard measure of temperature in a number of
countries, including Great Britain, and from there it was spread to British colonies throughout the world.
Today, however, the United States is the only major country in the world that still uses the Fahrenheit scale.
The scale that is in use in many other countries is the Celsius scale. Anders Celsius (1701–1744), a
Swedish astronomer, developed a thermometer in 1741 that based temperatures on the freezing and boiling
temperatures of water. On the thermometer that Celsius developed, however, 0º was used to indicate the

boiling temperature of water, and 100º was used to indicate the freezing temperature of water. After his
death, the scale was reversed by a friend, the biologist Carl von Linne (1707–1748), who achieved acclaim
for his development of the Linnean's classification system for plants and animals. On the new scale after the
reversal by von Linne, 0º indicated the freezing temperature of water, and 100º indicated the boiling
temperature of water. At around the same time that Celsius and von Linne were working on their
thermometer in Sweden, a similar thermometer was being developed in France. After the French Revolution,
the scale developed in France was adopted as part of the metric system in that country under the name
centigrade, which means "a hundred units," and from there it spread worldwide. In 1948, an international
agreement was made to rename the centigrade scale the Celsius scale in honor of the scientist who was first
known to use a 100-degree scale, though it should be remembered that the scale that Celsius actually used
himself was the reverse of today's scale.
2
A third scale, the Kelvin scale, is generally used today for scientific purposes. This scale was first
suggested in 1854 by two English physicists: William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824–1907) and James
Prescott Joule (1818–1889). The Kelvin scale defines 0º as absolute zero, the hypothetical temperature at
which all atomic and molecular motion theoretically stops, and 100º separates the freezing point and
boiling point of water, just as it does on the Celsius scale. On the Kelvin scale, with 0º equal to absolute
zero, water freezes at 273º, and water boils at a temperature 100º higher. The Kelvin scale is well suited to
some areas of scientific study because it does not have any negative values, yet it still maintains the 100º
difference between the freezing point and boiling point of water that the Celsius scale has and can thus easily
be converted to the Celsius scale by merely subtracting 273º from the temperature on the Kelvin scale.
46. The word fixed in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by
A. ordered B. repaired C. established D. attached
47. What is stated in the passage about the temperature scale developed by Fahrenheit?
A. On it, 0º was the freezing point of water.
B. It was based on the lowest and highest temperatures that he could achieve with a mixture of salt and
water.
C. On it, 100º was the boiling point of water.
D. It was based on an inaccurate understanding of the normal temperature of the human body
48. The author refers to many other countries in paragraph 3 in order to

A. introduce a discussion of the areas of the world where the Celsius scale is used
B. argue for the need for a standard measure of temperature throughout the world
C. provide an example that demonstrates the effectiveness of the Celsius scale
D. relate the widespread use of the Celsius scale to the previously mentioned limited use of the
Fahrenheit scale
49. Which of the following is NOT true about the Celsius scale, according to the passage?
A. It was developed by an astronomer from Sweden.
B. It came into use in the eighteenth century.
C. One hundred degrees separated the freezing and boiling temperatures of water on it.
D. On it, 0º indicated the temperature at which water freezes.
50. The word reversed in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. brought in B. turned around C. thought up D. sent back
51. The word adopted in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by
A. taken on B. brought up C. looked upon D. turned down
52. Which of the sentences below expresses the information in the italic sentence in paragraph 3?
A. The discovery of the centigrade scale in 1948 brought honor to the scientist who discovered it.
B. After an international organization decided to use the centigrade scale in 1948, Celsius reversed the
numbers on the scale.
C. In 1948, nations agreed to name the centigrade scale after the man who developed an earlier version
of the scale.
D. In 1948, Celsius honored the scientist who was first known to use a 100-degree scale by naming it the
centigrade scale.
53. A hypothetical temperature in paragraph 4 is one that
A. is assumed to exist B. has been found to be false
C. is known to be impossible D. has been proved through experiments
54. The phrase well suited to in paragraph 4 could best be replaced by
A. appropriate for B. outfitted with C. related to D. in harmony with
55. It can be inferred from the passage that a temperature of 50º centigrade would be equal to
A. 223º on the Kelvin scale B. 273º on the Kelvin scale
C. 323º on the Kelvin scale D. 373º on the Kelvin scale

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
It stands to reason that galaxies, large star systems that contain millions or even billions of stars, should
collide with one another fairly often, given that the average separation between galaxies is only
approximately 20 times the diameter of the average galaxy. In contrast, stars almost never collide because
the average distance between stars is astronomical, perhaps 10,000,000 times their diameter.
Using a telescope, it is possible to find hundreds of galaxies that appear to be colliding. However, when
two galaxies appear to come into contact, there is in reality no direct contact between the stars of one galaxy
and the stars of the other. Instead, the two galaxies pass through each other, and the gravitational forces in
the two galaxies alter the shapes of the galaxies, often producing tails and bridges. One well-known pair of
colliding galaxies, for example, is called the Mice because each of the two interacting galaxies resembles a
mouse with a long tail, and the Whirlpool galaxy appears to be connected to a smaller galaxy by means of a
bridge extending from one of its long spirals. It is impossible for astronomers to monitor the changing
shapes of colliding galaxies because the interactions between galaxies last hundreds of millions of years, but
it is possible to study galaxies in various stages of collision and draw conclusions about what happens when
galaxies collide.
In certain situations, when two galaxies collide, they do not always pass through each other and emerge
as two separate galaxies. In one situation, if two galaxies are moving slowly enough, they may collide and
then may not have enough velocity to escape each other's gravitational pull after the collision. In this case,
the two galaxies will collide, and then move past each other, and then be pulled back to collide again, and
continue this way until they eventually merge into a single galaxy. In another situation, if a much larger
3
galaxy comes into contact with a smaller galaxy, the larger galaxy may absorb the smaller one in a process
called galactic cannibalism. In this process, a larger galaxy first pulls away the outer stars of the smaller
galaxy and then begins to pull at the denser core. While the process of galactic cannibalism is taking place
and the two galaxies are merging into one, the cores of both the larger galaxy and the smaller galaxy can be
clearly visible.
Some giant elliptical galaxies, with what appear to be multiple nuclei, have been found in the skies, and
astronomers once thought that these giant galaxies were giant galactic cannibals that had consumed many
smaller galaxies recently enough that the cores of the cannibalized galaxies were still intact. One such

galaxy, with what appeared to be eight separate nuclei, was found and was used to put forth the hypothesis
that galaxies could be voracious monsters capable of swallowing up uncountable other galaxies
simultaneously. However, further studies have shown that the numerous nuclei that seemed to be part of a
single large galaxy were in reality the nuclei of smaller galaxies that were in front of or behind the larger
galaxy. Thus, astronomers are now confident that galactic cannibalism exists among a limited number of
interacting galaxies; however, astronomers are not convinced of the existence of cannibalistic galactic
monsters that swallow up large numbers of smaller galaxies simultaneously.
Signs of galactic cannibalism exist even in our own galaxy, the Milky Way. Astronomers have found
younger stars south of the galaxy's disk, where only older stars should be found, suggesting that the younger
stars formed when our galaxy cannibalized a smaller galaxy. Furthermore, it can be clearly seen now that
our galaxy is beginning to digest the Magellanic Clouds, which are small irregular galaxies that are
companions to the Milky Way and are visible in the southern skies over Earth.
56. Which of the following is NOT true according to paragraph 1?
A. Galaxies may contain billions of stars.
B. On the average, the distance between galaxies is around 20 times the diameter of a galaxy.
C. It is unusual for stars to collide.
D. The average distance between stars is 70 times their diameter
57. The author mentions tails and bridges in paragraph 2 in order to
A. provide a visual image of the parts of galaxies that have been affected by gravitational forces
B. provide examples of the types of galaxies that tend to collide
C. describe the recognizable characteristics of the colliding galaxies called the Mice
D. create a visual roadmap of the routes that galaxies take through the skies
58. The word last in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by
A. end in B. endure for C. finish with D. lose out to
59. The word merge in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. divide B. swallow C. join D. appear
60. What occurs during galactic cannibalism, according to paragraph 3?
A. A larger galaxy is absorbed by a smaller one.
B. The first step involves pulling at the core of the smaller galaxy.
C. The outer stars of the smaller galaxy are absorbed by its core.

D. The core of the smaller galaxy generally manages to remain visible
61. Which of the sentences below expresses the information in the italic sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Astronomers have recently found some giant galaxies that have cannibalized a number of galaxies.
B. Astronomers used to think that certain giant galaxies that appeared to have a number of nuclei were
galactic cannibals
C. When astronomers find galaxies with multiple nuclei, they know that they have found galactic
cannibals.
D. Even though a galaxy has multiple nuclei, it is not certain whether or not the galaxy is a galactic
cannibal.
62. The phrase put forth in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. encounter B. understand C. deny D. promote
63. Why does the author mention voracious monsters in paragraph 4?
A. To emphasize how violently the galaxies strike each other
B. To emphasize how much energy the giant galaxies consume
C. To emphasize how many smaller galaxies the giant galaxies seem to consume
D. To emphasize how really big the giant galaxies are
64. It is stated in paragraph 4 that scientists today are quite certain that
A. galactic cannibalism does not really exist
B. there is a limited amount of galactic cannibalism
C. galactic cannibalism is commonplace
D. galactic cannibals are capable of taking over numerous small galaxies at the same time
65. Based on the information in paragraph 5, what will most likely happen to the Magellanic Clouds in the
distant future?
A. They will become galactic cannibals. B. They will develop separate nuclei.
C. They will become regular galaxies. D. They will become part of the Milky Way
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction.
66. A paragraph is a portion of a text consists of some sentences related to the same idea.
A B C D
67. The measurement unit known as a "foot" has originally based on the size of the human foot.
A B C D

68. She achieved world famous through her studies of child-rearing, personality and culture.
4
A B C D
69. Some plants in this garden require very little sunlight but this one needs much more sunlight than others.
A B C D
70. Many animals have become extinction due to the interference of human beings.
A B C D
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to
each of the following questions.
71. The builders are going to mend my roof tomorrow.
A. I am going to have my roof mended by the builders tomorrow.
B. I am going to have the builders to build my roof tomorrow.
C. I am going to have the builders mended my roof tomorrow
D. I am going to mend my roof with the builders tomorrow.
72. "Where is the book I lent you?" Dave asked
A. Dave asked if he lent me the book.
B. Dave asked where was the book he had lent me.
C. Dave asked where was the book he lent me.
D. Dave asked me where the book he had lent me was.
73. "Why don't you get your hair cut, Gavin?" said Adam.
A. Adam advised Gavin to cut his hair.
B. Adam suggested that Gavin have his hair cut.
C. It was suggestible that Adam cut Gavin's hair.
D. Gavin was suggested to have a haircut.
74. Alan worked too hard at the office, which led to his illness.
A. Alan worked too hard at the office because of his illness.
B. Alan's working too hard at the office resulted from his illness.
C. Alan's illness resulted from his working too hard at the office.
D. Alan was ill when he was working too hard at the office.
75. It is my opinion that there is no advantage in further discussion.

A. I think we need further discussion of advantage.
B. I see no point in further discussion.
C. I think further discussion needs to be advantaged.
D. Further discussion is not to my advantage.
76. Without skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
A. Had it been for skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
B. He would not have survived the operation if he had had skilful surgery.
C. But for skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
D. He did not survive the operation because of unskillful surgery.
77. What she does in her free time does not concern me.
A. What she does in her free time is none of my business.
B. What she does in her free time is not my concern.
C. I don't know what she does in her free time.
D. What she does in her free time is not concerned by me.
78. His speech was so boring that everyone got up and left.
A. He got up and left because every one was talking.
B. No one stayed to listen to him because his speech was so boring.
C. Every one stood up so that they could hear his speech.
D. His speech was interesting enough for every one to listen.
79. You needn't have taken so many warm clothes.
A. It is not necessary for you to take so many warm clothes.
B. You have taken so many clothes that I don't need.
C. There's no need for you to take so many warm clothes.
D. You took lots of warm clothes and it turned out to be not necessary.
80. Mark blew up when he heard the news.
A. Mark became curious when he heard the news.
B. Mark got angry when he heard the news.
C. Mark was worried when he heard the news.
D. Mark became nervous when he heard the news.
5

KEY
TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN
NGUYỄN TẤT THÀNH
ĐỀ THI THỬ ĐẠI HỌC MÔN TIẾNG ANH
Năm học 2009-2010
Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the
position of the main stress in each of the following questions .
1. A. information B. decoration C. considerate D. confidential
2. A. ensure B. result C. museum D. follow
3. A. holiday B. monitor C. insurance D. instrument
4. A. sacrifice B. supportive C. compliment D. maintenance
5. A. biology B. historical C. security D. mechanism
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
6. Fiction books tell stories from the author's _________
A. imagine B. imaginative C. imaginable D. imagination
7. It's a pity you did not go to my party. Otherwise, you _________ lots of fun.
A. had B. had had C. would have D. would have had
8. Can you tell me where _________ all morning?
A. you have been B. you were C. have you been D. were you
9. We regret to tell you that the materials you order are out of _________.
A. work B. stock D. reach D. practice
10.They intended to _________ with the old computers as soon as they could afford some new ones.
A. do away B. do up C. do over D. do down
11. _________ the end, the managers decided to stop the tower project as the prices had increased a lot.
A. In B. At C. On D. By
12. There's no _________ in waiting any longer so we left.
A. use B. point C. way D. good
13. _________ you do not have the key, you will have to come back before he leaves.

A. Although B. However C. Provided D. As
14. I have a bad toothache today. I _________ to the dentist yesterday when it started hurting.
A. should go B. should be C. should have gone D. should have been
15. I don't remember _________ the door when I left home this morning.
A. to lock B. locking C. lock D. having locked
16. I want to _________ this old car for a Ferrari but I don't have enough money now.
A. change B. exchange C. sell D. replace
17. If you _________ behaving like this, you will bring yourself nothing but trouble.
A. try on B. turn on C. insist on D. focus on
18. Last week, the professor promised that he _________ about the Internet 3.0 today.
A. told B. tells C. would tell D. is telling
19. I'm sure the answer to my letter _________ before next Friday evening.
A. will arrive B. will have arrived C. arrives D. is arriving
20. It's English phrasal verbs _________ puzzle learners most.
A. which B. that C. who D. Ф
21. "It's kind of you to help me tidy the room"
" _________"
A. Really B. You're welcome C. That's all right D. It doesn’t matter
22. The children can stay here _________ they keep things in order.
A. as long as B. in order to C. because D. although
23. All of us were _________ to hear that he was successful in his final exam.
A. surprising B. surprised C. surprisingly D. surprise
24. "Which of the two boys is a boy Scout?". " _________ of them is"
A. All B. None C. Neither D. Either
25. _________ all university students think that they can earn a lot right after graduation.
A. most B. almost C. mostly D. the most
26. Our school clubs gives students _________ pleasure after school time.
A. a great deal of B. a large number of C. a large quantity of D. a large deal of
27. Art critics do not agree on what _________ a painting great.
A. qualities to make B. qualities make C. are qualities to make D. do qualities make

28. The house still remains in _________ after the hurricane.
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123
A. a good condition B. good condition C. good conditions D. the good condition
29. We are fighting _________ time to finish the job before weekend.
A. on B. in C. with D. against
30. This is _________ the most challenging task I have ever done.
A. by far B. by all means C. by the way D. by rights
31. Pete was born and brought up in Cornwall and he knows the place like the _________
A. nose on his face B. back of his hand C. hairs on his head D. tip of his tongue
32. His aunt bought him some books on astronomy and football, _________ he had any interest in.
A. neither of whom B. neither of which C. neither of what D. neither of them
33. "_________ ". "Not now but I used to"
A. Won't you have some tea? B. Do you watch TV very often?
C. Some more wine? D. Are you going to bed?
34. "Young people nowadays are ambitious."
A. You can say that again B. You are right
C. That's not it D. You bet
35. "You have a good voice!"
"_________"
A. I appreciate it B. Well-done C. Yes, of course D. You've done a good job
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
word for each of the blanks.
There are various type of pollution in the world. The most 36_________ one is air pollution. it is
caused mostly by factories which discharge smoke. This smoke pollutes the atmosphere 37_________ dust
and cinder which can cause various types of diseases like lung cancer, heart failure and sinus infection.
38_________ inhaled, carbon monoxide from exhaust 39_________ of vehicles is also very dangerous and
can cause instant death if people inhale in 40_________ amount.
Water pollution is the pollution that occurs in the rivers, seas, oceans, lakes and other waterways.
Water pollution is normally caused by the 41_________ of waste such as garbage and faeces. The marine

life in these waters will be affected. Some sea creatures perish while others 42_________ the toxic extracts
of the poisonous wastes in their bodies. When human beings eat these creatures, they will 43 _________ fall
ill or die. In Japan alone, every year, thousand of people suffer 44_________ strange diseases due to
mercury poisoning. Others lose their 45_________ or meet their deaths.
36. A. widespread B. extensive C. intensive D. expanding
37. A. through B. in C. by D. with
38. A. after B. on C. when D. upon
39. A. tubes B. tracts C. pipes D. sprayers
40. A. tremendous B. unlimited C. exceeding D. excessive
41. A. throwing B. pouring C. dumping D. discarding
42. A. stock B. store C. hold D. contain
43. A. either B. both C. equally D. constantly
44. A. by B. from C. through D. with
45. A. aptitude B. competence C. ability D. capacity
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions
Three scales of temperature, each of which permits a precise measurement, are in concurrent use: the
Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales. These three different temperature scales were each developed by
different people and have come to be used in different situations.
The scale that is most widely used by the general public in the United States is the Fahrenheit scale. In
1714, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, a German physicist who was living in Holland and operating an instrument
business, developed a mercury-in-glass thermometer and the temperature scale that still carries his name.
His original scale had two fixed points: 0º was the lowest temperature that he could achieve in a solution of
ice, water, and salt, and 96º was what he believed was the normal temperature of the human body (though
this was later determined to be 98.6º). Based on this scale, he calculated that the freezing point (or ice
point) of water was 32º; in later studies, it was determined that the boiling point of water (the steam point)
was 212º. The Fahrenheit scale came to be accepted as the standard measure of temperature in a number of
countries, including Great Britain, and from there it was spread to British colonies throughout the world.
Today, however, the United States is the only major country in the world that still uses the Fahrenheit scale.
The scale that is in use in many other countries is the Celsius scale. Anders Celsius (1701–1744), a

Swedish astronomer, developed a thermometer in 1741 that based temperatures on the freezing and boiling
temperatures of water. On the thermometer that Celsius developed, however, 0º was used to indicate the
boiling temperature of water, and 100º was used to indicate the freezing temperature of water. After his
death, the scale was reversed by a friend, the biologist Carl von Linne (1707–1748), who achieved acclaim
for his development of the Linnean's classification system for plants and animals. On the new scale after the
reversal by von Linne, 0º indicated the freezing temperature of water, and 100º indicated the boiling
temperature of water. At around the same time that Celsius and von Linne were working on their
thermometer in Sweden, a similar thermometer was being developed in France. After the French Revolution,
the scale developed in France was adopted as part of the metric system in that country under the name
centigrade, which means "a hundred units," and from there it spread worldwide. In 1948, an international
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agreement was made to rename the centigrade scale the Celsius scale in honor of the scientist who was first
known to use a 100-degree scale, though it should be remembered that the scale that Celsius actually used
himself was the reverse of today's scale.
A third scale, the Kelvin scale, is generally used today for scientific purposes. This scale was first
suggested in 1854 by two English physicists: William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824–1907) and James
Prescott Joule (1818–1889). The Kelvin scale defines 0º as absolute zero, the hypothetical temperature at
which all atomic and molecular motion theoretically stops, and 100º separates the freezing point and
boiling point of water, just as it does on the Celsius scale. On the Kelvin scale, with 0º equal to absolute
zero, water freezes at 273º, and water boils at a temperature 100º higher. The Kelvin scale is well suited to
some areas of scientific study because it does not have any negative values, yet it still maintains the 100º
difference between the freezing point and boiling point of water that the Celsius scale has and can thus easily
be converted to the Celsius scale by merely subtracting 273º from the temperature on the Kelvin scale.
46. The word fixed in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by
A. ordered B. repaired C. established D. attached
47. What is stated in the passage about the temperature scale developed by Fahrenheit?
A. On it, 0º was the freezing point of water.
B. It was based on the lowest and highest temperatures that he could achieve with a mixture of salt and
water.
C. On it, 100º was the boiling point of water.

D. It was based on an inaccurate understanding of the normal temperature of the human body
48. The author refers to many other countries in paragraph 3 in order to
A. introduce a discussion of the areas of the world where the Celsius scale is used
B. argue for the need for a standard measure of temperature throughout the world
C. provide an example that demonstrates the effectiveness of the Celsius scale
D. relate the widespread use of the Celsius scale to the previously mentioned limited use of the
Fahrenheit scale
49. Which of the following is NOT true about the Celsius scale, according to the passage?
A. It was developed by an astronomer from Sweden.
B. It came into use in the eighteenth century.
C. One hundred degrees separated the freezing and boiling temperatures of water on it.
D. On it, 0º indicated the temperature at which water freezes.
50. The word reversed in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. brought in B. turned around C. thought up D. sent back
51. The word adopted in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by
A. taken on B. brought up C. looked upon D. turned down
52. Which of the sentences below expresses the information in the italic sentence in paragraph 3?
A. The discovery of the centigrade scale in 1948 brought honor to the scientist who discovered it.
B. After an international organization decided to use the centigrade scale in 1948, Celsius reversed the
numbers on the scale.
C. In 1948, nations agreed to name the centigrade scale after the man who developed an earlier version
of the scale.
D. In 1948, Celsius honored the scientist who was first known to use a 100-degree scale by naming it the
centigrade scale.
53. A hypothetical temperature in paragraph 4 is one that
A. is assumed to exist B. has been found to be false
C. is known to be impossible D. has been proved through experiments
54. The phrase well suited to in paragraph 4 could best be replaced by
A. appropriate for B. outfitted with C. related to D. in harmony with
55. It can be inferred from the passage that a temperature of 50º centigrade would be equal to

A. 223º on the Kelvin scale B. 273º on the Kelvin scale
C. 323º on the Kelvin scale D. 373º on the Kelvin scale
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
It stands to reason that galaxies, large star systems that contain millions or even billions of stars, should
collide with one another fairly often, given that the average separation between galaxies is only
approximately 20 times the diameter of the average galaxy. In contrast, stars almost never collide because
the average distance between stars is astronomical, perhaps 10,000,000 times their diameter.
Using a telescope, it is possible to find hundreds of galaxies that appear to be colliding. However, when
two galaxies appear to come into contact, there is in reality no direct contact between the stars of one galaxy
and the stars of the other. Instead, the two galaxies pass through each other, and the gravitational forces in
the two galaxies alter the shapes of the galaxies, often producing tails and bridges. One well-known pair of
colliding galaxies, for example, is called the Mice because each of the two interacting galaxies resembles a
mouse with a long tail, and the Whirlpool galaxy appears to be connected to a smaller galaxy by means of a
bridge extending from one of its long spirals. It is impossible for astronomers to monitor the changing
shapes of colliding galaxies because the interactions between galaxies last hundreds of millions of years, but
it is possible to study galaxies in various stages of collision and draw conclusions about what happens when
galaxies collide.
In certain situations, when two galaxies collide, they do not always pass through each other and emerge
as two separate galaxies. In one situation, if two galaxies are moving slowly enough, they may collide and
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then may not have enough velocity to escape each other's gravitational pull after the collision. In this case,
the two galaxies will collide, and then move past each other, and then be pulled back to collide again, and
continue this way until they eventually merge into a single galaxy. In another situation, if a much larger
galaxy comes into contact with a smaller galaxy, the larger galaxy may absorb the smaller one in a process
called galactic cannibalism. In this process, a larger galaxy first pulls away the outer stars of the smaller
galaxy and then begins to pull at the denser core. While the process of galactic cannibalism is taking place
and the two galaxies are merging into one, the cores of both the larger galaxy and the smaller galaxy can be
clearly visible.
Some giant elliptical galaxies, with what appear to be multiple nuclei, have been found in the skies, and

astronomers once thought that these giant galaxies were giant galactic cannibals that had consumed many
smaller galaxies recently enough that the cores of the cannibalized galaxies were still intact. One such
galaxy, with what appeared to be eight separate nuclei, was found and was used to put forth the hypothesis
that galaxies could be voracious monsters capable of swallowing up uncountable other galaxies
simultaneously. However, further studies have shown that the numerous nuclei that seemed to be part of a
single large galaxy were in reality the nuclei of smaller galaxies that were in front of or behind the larger
galaxy. Thus, astronomers are now confident that galactic cannibalism exists among a limited number of
interacting galaxies; however, astronomers are not convinced of the existence of cannibalistic galactic
monsters that swallow up large numbers of smaller galaxies simultaneously.
Signs of galactic cannibalism exist even in our own galaxy, the Milky Way. Astronomers have found
younger stars south of the galaxy's disk, where only older stars should be found, suggesting that the younger
stars formed when our galaxy cannibalized a smaller galaxy. Furthermore, it can be clearly seen now that
our galaxy is beginning to digest the Magellanic Clouds, which are small irregular galaxies that are
companions to the Milky Way and are visible in the southern skies over Earth.
56. Which of the following is NOT true according to paragraph 1?
A. Galaxies may contain billions of stars.
B. On the average, the distance between galaxies is around 20 times the diameter of a galaxy.
C. It is unusual for stars to collide.
D. The average distance between stars is 70 times their diameter
57. The author mentions tails and bridges in paragraph 2 in order to
A. provide a visual image of the parts of galaxies that have been affected by gravitational forces
B. provide examples of the types of galaxies that tend to collide
C. describe the recognizable characteristics of the colliding galaxies called the Mice
D. create a visual roadmap of the routes that galaxies take through the skies
58. The word last in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by
A. end in B. endure for C. finish with D. lose out to
59. The word merge in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. divide B. swallow C. join D. appear
60. What occurs during galactic cannibalism, according to paragraph 3?
A. A larger galaxy is absorbed by a smaller one.

B. The first step involves pulling at the core of the smaller galaxy.
C. The outer stars of the smaller galaxy are absorbed by its core.
D. The core of the smaller galaxy generally manages to remain visible
61. Which of the sentences below expresses the information in the italic sentence in paragraph 4?
A. Astronomers have recently found some giant galaxies that have cannibalized a number of galaxies.
B. Astronomers used to think that certain giant galaxies that appeared to have a number of nuclei were
galactic cannibals
C. When astronomers find galaxies with multiple nuclei, they know that they have found galactic
cannibals.
D. Even though a galaxy has multiple nuclei, it is not certain whether or not the galaxy is a galactic
cannibal.
62. The phrase put forth in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. encounter B. understand C. deny D. promote
63. Why does the author mention voracious monsters in paragraph 4?
A. To emphasize how violently the galaxies strike each other
B. To emphasize how much energy the giant galaxies consume
C. To emphasize how many smaller galaxies the giant galaxies seem to consume
D. To emphasize how really big the giant galaxies are
64. It is stated in paragraph 4 that scientists today are quite certain that
A. galactic cannibalism does not really exist
B. there is a limited amount of galactic cannibalism
C. galactic cannibalism is commonplace
D. galactic cannibals are capable of taking over numerous small galaxies at the same time
65. Based on the information in paragraph 5, what will most likely happen to the Magellanic Clouds in the
distant future?
A. They will become galactic cannibals. B. They will develop separate nuclei.
C. They will become regular galaxies. D. They will become part of the Milky Way
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction.
66. A paragraph is a portion of a text consists of some sentences related to the same idea.
A B C D

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67. The measurement unit known as a "foot" has originally based on the size of the human foot.
A B C D
68. She achieved world famous through her studies of child-rearing, personality and culture.
A B C D
69. Some plants in this garden require very little sunlight but this one needs much more sunlight than others.
A B C D
70. Many animals have become extinction due to the interference of human beings.
A B C D
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to
each of the following questions.
71. The builders are going to mend my roof tomorrow.
A. I am going to have my roof mended by the builders tomorrow.
B. I am going to have the builders to build my roof tomorrow.
C. I am going to have the builders mended my roof tomorrow
D. I am going to mend my roof with the builders tomorrow.
72. "Where is the book I lent you?" Dave asked
A. Dave asked if he lent me the book.
B. Dave asked where was the book he had lent me.
C. Dave asked where was the book he lent me.
D. Dave asked me where the book he had lent me was.
73. "Why don't you get your hair cut, Gavin?" said Adam.
A. Adam advised Gavin to cut his hair.
B. Adam suggested that Gavin have his hair cut.
C. It was suggestible that Adam cut Gavin's hair.
D. Gavin was suggested to have a haircut.
74. Alan worked too hard at the office, which led to his illness.
A. Alan worked too hard at the office because of his illness.
B. Alan's working too hard at the office resulted from his illness.
C. Alan's illness resulted from his working too hard at the office.

D. Alan was ill when he was working too hard at the office.
75. It is my opinion that there is no advantage in further discussion.
A. I think we need further discussion of advantage.
B. I see no point in further discussion.
C. I think further discussion needs to be advantaged.
D. Further discussion is not to my advantage.
76. Without skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
A. Had it been for skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
B. He would not have survived the operation if he had had skilful surgery.
C. But for skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
D. He did not survive the operation because of unskillful surgery.
77. What she does in her free time does not concern me.
A. What she does in her free time is none of my business.
B. What she does in her free time is not my concern.
C. I don't know what she does in her free time.
D. What she does in her free time is not concerned by me.
78. His speech was so boring that everyone got up and left.
A. He got up and left because every one was talking.
B. No one stayed to listen to him because his speech was so boring.
C. Every one stood up so that they could hear his speech.
D. His speech was interesting enough for every one to listen.
79. You needn't have taken so many warm clothes.
A. It is not necessary for you to take so many warm clothes.
B. You have taken so many clothes that I don't need.
C. There's no need for you to take so many warm clothes.
D. You took lots of warm clothes and it turned out to be not necessary.
80. Mark blew up when he heard the news.
A. Mark became curious when he heard the news.
B. Mark got angry when he heard the news.
C. Mark was worried when he heard the news.

D. Mark became nervous when he heard the news.
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