tìm hiểu đời sồng của người dân nghèo tại xã bình khánh, huyện cần giờ, thành phố hồ chí minh và đề xuất một số biện pháp giảm nghèo

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ĐẠI HỌC NÔNG LÂM THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH
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TÌM HIỂU ĐỜI SỒNG CỦA NGƯỜI DÂN NGHÈO TẠI XÃ
BÌNH KHÁNH, HUYỆN CẦN GIỜ, THÀNH PHỐ
HỒ CHÍ MINH VÀ ĐỀ XUẤT MỘT SỐ
BIỆN PHÁP GIẢM NGHÈO
TRẦN THỊ PHƯƠNG HẢO
KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP
ĐỂ NHẬN VĂN BẰNG CỬ NHÂN
NGÀNH KINH TẾ NÔNG LÂM
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THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH VÀ ĐỀ XUẤT MỘT SỐ BIỆN PHÁP GIẢM
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B
DANH MỤC PHỤ LỤC
<~+~#Œax8O—yrx
<~+~#a<Ey—yrxx˜8
<rx8Œ*a<™y8š<›rœ8r•
<rx8Œ&a<™y8š<›Ow8ky“ž88yF 

<rx8Œ#a<™y8š<›8yFjŸOw8
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CHƯƠNG 1
MỞ ĐẦU
1.1. Đặt vấn đề
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}D}‘*{%BT*V##W*,J/4##.5,.;%.('IŒ’(%4+%!.
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BM#X(T,ap'"T,.5*%L$.#W*k8‡:=HR2#,
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=H•6BM#X#3%. +/(#*'B";J+B$"T"*"6S#AP\,*.;%"…#
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#6*#)&/+%N/,\,I4#6*.,J"6S#.#@~#W*"BB*J
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+C"6S#a
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#$.,-#W*y8=HR24,J/[74<4.9.3C
#n,"T.“Tìm hiểu đời sống của người dân nghèo tại xã Bình Khánh, huyện Cần

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Giờ, TP HCM và đề xuất một số biện pháp giảm nghèo”{%)%!.[oB'
B/#=)*")I%_'b"Q*6^a
1.2. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu của đề tài
1.2.1. Mục tiêu chung
R%f,"7A#W*67@;_'.0kHR24,J/[74
..•")"T=,$.d&/I%_'S+]a
1.2.2. Mục tiêu cụ thể
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KR%f,,#[,BTBBA•@~B#W*##!4#~.fb";J+BB*J
.•,.@~6,"Hoaˆ,*")A'Ad*##!#)B*JB(9B*J.0"Q*
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1.2.3. Nội dung cần nghiên cứu
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.50AI=,$.4"7A#W* !@;.p'%M,#;,o"HA'0A¥4.•")=#"Q
"6S###J3,.I6b"3.R.50_'a
T=,$.I#)+C\,*"3.@~B%!.AI(#{%
I%_'b"Q*6^a
1.2.4. Phạm vi nghiên cứu
a) Không gian
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C"T.J#e"6S#C#n,.5C.5C0%Bo+"Q*&=HR24
,J/[74<akHR2+%!.=H_'#W*,J/[74+^
#)BQ.5#3+6S#\,*.514+#W*¢+6,.9d*<B,J/BRB-Jb
";J#)5$.T,B$"T"+6,.;%BA‚"6S#"T#-b[A*,#W*"T.a
b) Thời gian
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1.2.5. Cấu trúc luận văn
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D
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B"Q*"f%.P#/"T.a 5'#6^JA‚#'.*&3.d+@'"M"3B/#
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Chương 2„l\,*
L.C,.l\,.BT"Q*&=HR2B#9.#k8.0=Ha
Chương 3„8!@,B6^C#n,
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).f)5{#6^J+\,*.5'$.#W*"T.a0";JA‚I
d(3.\,I%"T."HC#n,"6S#a
•"T.J4A‚ .5,(\,.BT.RR"7A#W*##!"T,.5*B
(3.\,I'0."!#W*#6^.5Rk8A*,("H.R%f,.P#.3B.*%(I'
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/.0.p'6L..^#'67@;b"Q*6^a
Chương 5„23.+,-B(3Q
+0(3.\,I"0."6S#Bd0#3#W*"T.a
6*5*(3Q{%)]#'#\,JT"Q*6^BTdB$"T#[U
.5S#'67@;4{%Y1#)%!.#,!#A..^a
}
CHƯƠNG 2
TỔNG QUAN
2.1. Điều kiện tự nhiên của xã Bình Khánh, huyện Cần Giờ, TP HCM
2.1.1. Vị trí địa lý
kHR2{%b*V##W*,J/[74#)BQ.5"Q*+]6A*,„
K<*;J8*%=H/<6L#4,J/8_a

K<*98*%=H*%9/a
K<*9=H<6L#24,J/8^50#4.e8*a
K<*V#=H<Yk,;4,J/8_4##.5,.;%<('I
Œ‘KŒ’(%4##.5,.;%,J/[7('I}‘(%"67&!a
R2+=H"[,#[,#W*,J/[74#)BQ.53.An#"…#&/.BT(
.34\,#X4*akH{%*J*'"f%H&*A9:X,4"6S#&*'&1#
&b*#'A9+L+A9:X,BA9O'r0a:"T,(/.,-+S#'
.,.,JT'6L#5*B'#I<a5,.;%=H#).5~#"67#&{
P*@”(%+T.,J3"67r•O#BT.5,.;%,J/B"…#&/.b";J
#)%!.&3~#B~#'(#\,*+04"n,#[,"+0#$.3.#'
67@;bR2)5CB#W*,J/[7)#,a
2.1.2. Khí hậu
2-,[7)#,B=HR2)5C%*.)ƒ%4
#Q,##W*\,+, )%`*#-=#"0'BL*%`*%6*V5¢5/.„%`*%6*
.•.‘KŒ%`*V.•.ŒŒK}|’.6L#+SB’.6L#1.•a
8/."!.5,&R.5'N%+4DD

a
2.1.3. Tình hình thủy văn và nguồn nước
Hệ thống sông ngòi: =HR2#)/.A9450##{#Q.4BL^
DA9450#.0'.%0*'.9.WJ.,-+Sa/.A9X
,J/[7#Q,I6b#W*#3"!& .5T,(9"T,aWJ.5T,+C
=,*+[.5'J.•KD%4.,-./#'*'.9B,9.5.WJAIa
Nguồn nước: #BR#)/.A9X@J"…#Cb";J#),6L#
5$.@@'a867@;A•@~,6L#J"f,9.5.WJAI4+%%,€
,JC4,6L#J.67=,JC&Q£%_4@'")B/#A•@~,
6L#J#'.5.51.BA'0.#X0#3a
2.1.4. Địa hình
kHR2#)"Q*R.6^"&{¦A'BL##=H(#.5'
,J/[7a#@0"Q*R#W*,J/[7"6S#.f/.5'IaŒa

Bảng 2.1. Phân Loại Địa Hình Ở Cần Giờ
Dạng địa hình Độ cao
(m)
Diện tích
(Ha)
Phân bố
29-6L# ‡Œ4Œ ‘ #`*0x
8-.p'#,(hT,N% Œ4‘‡4 ”a’ R2+#WJ3,
8-.p'#,(hN% Œ‡Œ4‘ Œ‘a [,3..',J/
8-.p'#,(h. 4‘‡Œ4 Œ’aŒ‘ [,3..',J/
8-.p'#,(hJ §4‘ ’a [,3..',J/
8,.„<X2C,J/[7
2.2. Điều kiện KT-XH xã Bình Khánh, huyện Cần Giờ, TP HCM
2.2.1. Tình hình chung về KT-XH
kHR2#)"T,(/.PC.,-+S#'B/#..5f9/4
"…#&/.+,9.5.WJAIa•Œ” ’4TAI=,$..,[9#,Jf&3.
"*@0T4.5+Y*"B'.;%#*4#,Jf@Q##^#$,#;J.5B
,94.5.51.(3.S,9.9%#¨"…#&/..6^%0..5f4.,JB*.5X
"[,#[,.3!.4"[,.,J3"67&!BT,J/CB/#&,9&~#B~
(#\,*+0&3J#."0.a,JC4dN%[";J@'@£&3
.$..67#W*.7.3.C@Q#&/=IJ5*.67=,JC4"7A#W*67@;
…T,()(Na
2.2.2. Tình hình sử dụng đất
$."*.5'9/+.6+/,AI=,$.#WJ3,a/#\,I+]BA•@~
"$...A‚)[+%.N.,-#'67AI=,$.a
Bảng 2.2. Cơ Cấu Đất Đai Xã Bình Khánh Năm 2007
Chỉ tiêu Diện tích (ha) Cơ cấu (%)
’
$.9/ a ‘4 ’‘4’}
$.b Œ‘D4 D4‘

$.#,JC@` ‘D4 Œ4
$.i*.5* ’4”4 4Œ’
$.A9A,B%….6L##,JC@` Œa”4 ”4}}
$.#6*A•@~ Œ4Œ 4
Tổng cộng 4.345,0 100,00
8,.„<X"Q*#=HR2
ˆ,*Ia#'.$J4.l@/.#"$..PC#W*=H+}D}‘*4[+L
@/.#"$.#W*=H"H"6S#(*.#BA•@~|}aD}D4”*•a/.#"$.#6*A•
@~+Œ4Œ*#3%%!.. +/5$.o+4¡a
$.bR2#WJ3,+"$.9/4#3%’‘4’}¡.l@/.#"$.
.PCa'B-J'0."!AI=,$.##W*67@;b";J++%9/a
kH#)/.A9X@J"…#4BRB-J@/.#"$.A9A,B%….6L##,JC
@`#†#3%%!.. +/+L[D¡aT,J.0'.,-+S#'B/#B-#,Jf4
*'+6,)*&{"67.WJ4.0'"T,(/#'##p.,=,$.-#I
.5'B'6L#a
Bảng 2.3. Hiện Trạng Sử Dụng Đất Nông Nghiệp Năm 2007
Loại đất Diện tích (ha) Cơ cấu (%)
Đất trồng cây hàng năm 605 21,2
K$..5+Y* }” Œ4
K$..5#;JN%(# ŒŒD Œ”4
Đất trồng cây lâu năm 1789 63,0
Đất nuôi trồng thủy sản 458 15,8
Đất sản xuất nông nghiệp 2852 100,0
8,.„<X"Q*#=HR2
ˆ,*IaD#'.$J4BL ‘*"$.AI=,;.9/.R"$..5#;J
+;,N%|#;J"6L#4#;JN.5•#)@/.#+L$.+Œ ”*#3%. +/’D¡.l
@/.#"$.9/a3"3+@/.#.5#;JN%’‘*#3%
Œ4¡a5'")4@/.#"$..5+Y*+}”*#3% Œ¡.l@/.#"$..5
#;JN%4[#X+0+@/.#.5##+'0#;JN%(#|ŒŒD*
#3%Œ”¡•a/.#"$.,9.5.WJAI+}‘ *#3%Œ‘4 ¡a

2.2.3. Dân số - Lao động và việc làm

a) Dân số
'67+;.\,*.51#'\,.5R..5f#W*%!.B`4%!."Q*
6^#†6#$.=Y#.##'%1"Q6L"f..5f(.3=H!a
Bảng 2.4. Tình Hình Dân Số Toàn Xã Năm 2007
Khoản mục Đơn vị tính Số lượng Tỷ lệ (%)
Tổng nhân khẩu Người 17.703 100,0
K8*% 867  a’‘ } 4”
K8d 867 ”a}’ ‘Œ4Œ
Tổng số hộ Hộ 3.939
Nhân khẩu trung bình hộ Người 4,7
8,.„<X2C=HR2
ˆ,*Ia}#'.$J4.lA;(ƒ,.'=H."3#,N%+
ŒaD674;&"T,b $.5'^Da”D”!*"R4.5'")„*%#3%
} 4”¡4d#3%‘Œ4Œ¡.lA;(ƒ,.5'=Ha'=H#)Da”D”!BLA;
(ƒ,.5,&R!+}‡‘67a "!@;A.5,&Rb=H+}}67(%

a
b) Lao động và việc làm
f"n,#[,B/#+%#'67@;4###$#\,JT"Q*6^
"H#)d6^6L'0."!4..5f##T.5,JT.4#'
B*JB"fAI=,$.€.36B/#I\,J3.+*'"!.0#U(9"(f4BM
#X.R.5067@;"+%N=*"f#I./.,-a
Bảng 2.5. Thực Trạng Sản Xuất của Các Hộ trong Xã Năm 2007
Khoản mục Đơn vị tính Số lượng Tỷ lệ (%)
!AI=,$.9/ ! Da}”‘ 4
!+%.f,.W#9/ !  4’
!(@'*.6^%04@Q#B~ ! } Œ4
Tổng Hộ 3.939 100,0

8,.„<XKk=HR2
ˆ,*Ia‘#'.$J4.'=H#)Da”D”!@;4[+L##!"T, .5,
AI=,$..5'+iBP#9/BLDa}”‘!#3% 4¡.5'.lA!a
Bảng 2.6. Cơ Cấu Tuổi trong Thành Phần Dân Số
Tuổi Số khẩu (Người) Tỷ lệ (%)
6L"!.,l+*'"! ‘aDŒŒ D4
5'"!.,l+*'"! ”a‘”‘ ‘}4
8'"!.,l+*'"! a” Œ‘4
Tổng 17.703 100,0
8,.„<XKk=HR2

ˆ,*Ia’#'.$J4=H#)+6S67.5'"!.,l+*'"!.6^"@
@'|‘}4¡•6"*[+0++*'"!l.94 .5,#WJ3,b+iBP#
9/4%!.A.'0."!(@'*.6^%04@Q#B~B(#|+%
.,C•aAP;.+*'"!.p'T@M"3,.,-.3,l
"Q4BBR.3"7A67@;.0=H#X…T,()(Na
2.2.4. Hệ thống cơ sở hạ tầng
a) Giao thông
5,.;%=H#).5~#"67#&{P*@”2%4+T.,J3r•
O#BT.5,.;%,J/akH#†#)%!.&3~#B~+C.~##'(#\,*
+0a/=HBM#XT,.,J3"67&{""o4;J5$.T,()(N#'67
@;B'%`*%6*a
kH"H&C.9)*Œ’a %"67*'.9|"0.. +/¡A'BL.l#T,
@"67m%•B=;J@P}’#;J#[,&C.9|"0.. +/ ¡.lA#[,9.9•a
b) Điện và nước sinh hoạt
/*J.5C"Q*&=H#)('I”‘¡!@;"6S##,#$6L#A0#.•/
.#,#$#W*’B/."6S#&`|‘"%
D
•a
'=H"H"0.”¡A!#)"/A'0.BAI=,$.4"n"6S#,#[,

.VA4A'0.4@Q#B~#W*67@;4D¡#X+0+##!b(,BP#"
5,!=*4"67@;J"/(9(©'"3^"6S#a
c) Y tế
'=H#)Œ.50%J.34.50%=BL’&#Ai4ŒJAi4D@6S#AiBJ.aR
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d) Giáo dục và văn hóa
- Giáo dục
”
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Bảng 2.7. Tình Hình Giáo Dục của Xã Bình Khánh Năm Học 2006 -2007
Khoản mục Số lượng trường Số lớp học Số học sinh
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- Văn hóa
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2.2.5. Đặc điểm kinh tế
a) Về sản xuất nông nghiệp năm 2007
- Nuôi tôm sú
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b) Về phi nông nghiệp
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"!.0#U(9"(fa
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2.3. Các hoạt động xã hội
2.3.1. Chính sách xã hội
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A,$.4A.T+‘Œaa"4DDA,$.#'1#A#$4D|1#(h•4A.T
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2.3.2. Về hoạt động sinh hoạt của đoàn viên, thanh niên
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2.3.3. Các hoạt động tín ngưỡng, tôn giáo
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2.4. Những thuận lợi và khó khăn của xã Bình Khánh
2.4.1. Thuận lợi
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2.4.2. Khó khăn
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