Phụ nữ Việt Nam với việc xây dựng, phát huy, phát triển và giữ gìn bản sắc văn hóa dân tộc qua một số tư liệu cổ.PDF

PHU
NUr
VIET NAM
Vdl VIEC
XAY
Dl/NG,
PHAT HUY, PHAT
TRIEN
VA
GlQ
GIN BAN SAC
VAN
HOA DAN TOC
QUA MOT SO
Ti;
LIEU CO
DdoTdUyen
Khoa
Ljch sijr
Trudng
DHSP - DHQG Ha Ngi
Din tdc Viet Nam vdn cd ljch sir va ndn van hoi
liu
ddi. Con ngudi Viet Nam da sdm xiy
dyng cho minh mdt ban sic van boa rieng. Chfnh ban sde van hoi dd da tao cho din tdc mdt ch6
diing vihig
vang va la nhin td lam nen
stic
manh, ddng lye cua sy phit tridn kinh td va xa hdi. La
mdt
lye lugng lao

ddng quan trgng, ttt xa xua phu nii Viet Nam da la nhung ngudi cd cdng
Idn
trong viec xiy dung, phit tridn va gin giir ban sic van hoi din tdc. Hg da dugc ca din tdc nggi
ca vi sir sich xua ghi
lai.
Trong pham vi cua bio cao nay, d gdc dd van hoi chiing tdi mudn
khdc boa lai vai trd vi cdng lao to
Idn
cua phu nii Viet Nam thdng qua mdt sd tu heu cd tren mdt
sd khfa canh
cbii
ydu sau diy:
1.
Phu
nft
Viet Nam c6
long
yeu
nude
nong nan va y chi tU
cudng
dan tgc.
Ljch
siJr
Viet Nam la ljch sir cua qui
trtnh
dyng nude di ddi vdi qui trinh gift
nude.
Chinh
didu niy da tao cho con ngudi Viet Nam ndi ehung va phu nii Viet Nam ndi rieng mdt long

yeu
nude
ndng nin va
^ chi
ty cudng din tdc. Chung ta da ttmg bidt ddn
nhihig
phu nii cd ten tudi
nhu Hai Ba Tnmg, Bi Trieu - nhiing nii tudng cim quan di danh giac. Hg da chidn diu ddn
bed
thd cudi cdng, quydt khdng chju dd sa vao tay giac dd giii trgn
khi
tidt vdi non sdng, vdi dit
nude.
Nha sii hgc Le Van Huu - tie
gia
bd sir thanh van diu tien d nude ta vao thd ky XIII da ndi
vi Hai Bi: "Trung Trie, Tnmg Nhi
la
dan ba, bd mdt tidng ma cie quin Cim Nhin, Nbat Nam,
Hgp Phd, cung 65 thinh d
linh
ngoai ddu hudng ung, viec dyng nude, xung
vuong
dd nhu trd
ban tay, cd thd thiy hinh thd dit Viet ta du dyng nghiep bi vuong. Tide ring ndi sau hg Trieu
cho
dd^n
tmdc hg
NgO,
trong khoang han ngin nam, bgn din dng chi ciii diu bd tay, lam tdi td

cho ngudi phuong Bic, ha chang xiu bd vdi hai ehj em hg Trung la ddn ba bay sao?
"*1\
Hai thd
ky sau, nha sir hgc Ngd Si Lien cung ca nggi: "Hg Trung giin thai
tbii
nhi Hin bao ngugc, vung
tay hd mdt tidng ma qudc thdng nude ta ca dd dugc khdi phuc,
kbi
khii anh hung hi chi
liic
sdng dyng nude xung vuong, mi sau khi ehdt
edn
cd thd chdng ngan tai boa. Pham gap nhung
viec tai uong, ban
lut,
ddn ciu dao khdng viec gi
li
khdng
Ijnb
ting. Ca bi Trung em cung thd vi
la din ba ma cd
dtic
hanh ke
si,
cai
khi bting
dung trong khoang trdi dit khdng vi thin cbdt ma
kdm di. Bgn dai tmgng phu hi chdng
nen
nudi

liy
cii khf phich
cuong
tryc
chinh
dai iy u?"
"\
Ben canh Hai Ba Trung chiing ta edn gap mudn van nhiing ngudi phy nii binh thudng khic vdn
mang trong minh tmydn thdng yeu nude ndng nan va tinh thin quit cudng bit kbuit. Nhiing
ngudd
phu nit dd da dugc nhin din cic
dja
phuong thd
phung
va dugc
luu
danh trong cic ban
thin
tich
b dinh, ddn, midu
eiia
ling. Ban than tfeb cua tdng Phu lao
buyen Phii
Ninh,
tinh Pbii
Thg cho
bid^t:
"Bi Td A Doanh xuit thin trong mdt gia dinh ndng din ngheo khd, vtra
hdt
tang

(I),
(2) Ngd
a
Lien - Dai viet sir ky loan
thu
- NXB KHXH Ha Ndi 1993, tr 157, 158
23
cha me
thi
gap hoan Td Djnb ba da tham gia quan khdi
ngbia
eiia Tnmg nir vuong va vi sau
dugc phong li A My Nguyet Anh cdng ehua"
'".
Hon 1000 nam dan tdc ta bj phong kidn
Phuong Bdc dd hd,
Idng
yeu nude ndng nan, tinh thin quat khdi eiia dan tdc ban
liie
nao hdt
lai
dugc bidu hien va phit buy cao do. Nban dan Viet Nam da nhidu
lin
ndi diy chdng lai sy dd hd
vi xim luge cua ke
tbti
nhdm gianh dde lip ty do cho din tdc. Hinh anh ngudi phu nii Viet Nam
kien cudng bit kbuit mai mm edn dgng lai trong ky lie cua nhin dan: "Ba A Dung Nuong ngudi
dao San Tiy da cung con trai tham gia khdi
nglua

chdng quan Luang, khi thua ba da khdng chju
hang giac va nhay xudng sdng
tudn
tidt vi
sau,5uge
nhan dan lap midu thd"
<^'.
Trong
cude
diu
tranh ehung cua din tdc khdng chi cd phu ntr midn xudi ma phu nii cua cic vung din tdc thidu
sd cung khdng chju lam kidp nd le, hg cung sin sang dumg
len
chdng giac khi van menh dan tdc
bj de doa: "Thd ky
thii
VI quan
Luong
sang
xam
luge Viet Nam cd ba Quich A De - Mdt phu
nO
b dao Tuyen Quang da kdt tdc vin khan cai trang thinh ding nam nhi hung
dOng chi
buy tirdng
sT
dinh giac, ba da by sinb anh dung. Nhin dan nhd cdng on ba da lap midu dd thd, khi Trieu
Quang Phuc
len
ngdi ba dugc tang them la Ttr Hue Phd Dat dai

vuong"'''.
Ban thin tfeb cua
buyen Van Lam tinh Hung Yen cung ghi vi sy tfeb cua mdt nu anh hung: "Thdi trin cd Ba An
Nuong la eon
thiir
hai trong nam chi em gii eon dng
Dio
Nglua vi ba Hoang Thj Nhu b Phil
Thieu Thien trin Thanh Hoi. Bd me mit sdm, nam ehj em sdng canh
edi
cut, ddt dfu nhau
lang
thang kidm sdng. Biy gid cd giac d ngoai bien gidi
phi'a
Tay vao
xam
lin bd edi, nha vua sai
dinh thin cim quin di dinh nhung khdng thdng ndi. Nha vua
lo
Idng,
sai tim anh tai trong thien
ha. Nam
ehj
em ty
nguyenlap
cic ddn,
chia
cic nga, chidn diu, quydt dep tan
lu
giac. Rieng An

Nuong mac quin io dan dng, cai trang lam nam gidi tay cim dao, tay phit cd, ciing
ehj
em dinh
giip li ca vdi quin giac. Mdi mdt train, giac da kinh hai tan vd, bj cbdt vd sd. Nhi vua ca mtmg,
cho md tiec khao thudng, phong tude sai din trong vting ddn bin tiee. Sau nay khi An Nuong
qua ddi, nha vua
thuong
xdt, sai dinh thin lam
Id
didu tang linh dinh cho din trong vung xiy
dyng lang midu, ban.
I(K)
quan tidn dd den nhang thd ciing. Nhi vua edn bao phong my ty la tdi
linh thin"
'"*.
Cd thd ndi long
yeu
nude, y ebf ty cudng dan tdc da
xay
dyng
nen
nhan cieb eon ngudi
Viet Nam mi phy nir Viet Nam la nhiing bidu bien sinb ddng va cu thd. Ddng thdi chfnh nd da
due kdt
nen
tmydn thdng kien cudng bit khuit cua din tdc qua miy ngan nam ljch
sir.
2.
Ldng nhan ii, bao dung, trgng
ngbia

tinh dao
ly
- mdt ban sde van hoi din tdc da dugc
phu nii Viet Nam xiy dyng va phit buy ttr ngan nam vd tmdc.
Ttr khi dyng nude nhan dan ta da
phai duong
diu vdi giac ngoai
xam
dd gin dde lap ddng
thdi phai chdng chgi vdi thien nhien khdc nghiet dd dani
bao'cudc
sdng cua minh. Vi
viy
Idng
yeu
nude
b diy khdng phai la mdt cai gi dan le ma nd dugc gin kdt giira nude vdi lang, giiia ca
nhin vdi cdng ddng, giua eon ngudi vdi xa hdi dd tao cho con ngudi Viet Nam mdt ldng nhin
ii.
(1)
PTS.
D6
Thi Hao chu
bifin
-
Nhimg guong
mat phu nir Viet Nam qua tu lieu Han
N6in
- NXB KHXH
HiN6i,

1996,
tr21.
(2) Nhiing guong mat phu nii Viet Nam - Qua tu lieu Han N6m -
NXB KHXH Hh
N6i,
1996,
tr 23
(3) Nhihig
gucmg
mat phu nu Viet Nam - Qua tu lieu Han
N6m
-
NXB
KHXH Hi
N6i,
1996, tr 24
(4) Nhihig guong mat phu
uQ
Viet Nam - Qua tu lieu
Hdn
N6m -
NXB
KHXH
Hk
N6i,
1996, tr 35-36
24
do
lugng, bao dung, dim hy sinb vi ngudi khic. Vd mat nay, phy nii Viet Nam chdng nhiing cd
cdng

Idn
trong viec tao dung ndn ma
edn
la ngudi xiy dip, phit buy va gin giu nd.
S\i
sich
phong kidn xua nhu Dai Viet thdng sir cua Le Quy Ddn, Dai Viet sir
k^
toin thu cua Ngd
S
Lien, Dai nam nhit thdng
chi,
Dai nam het tmyen
eiia
Qudc sii quin tridu
Nguydn
v.v mac dii
chju anh hudng
siu sde
eiia tu tudng nho giao vin phai ghi lai nhung con ngudi thyc vi nhung
viec tiiuc, vd nhihig guong het ntr. Hg Ii nhihig ngudi phu nit binh thudng nhung di trgn ddi thu
ti^t vdi chdng, gia trgn dao eiia ngudi con diu, phung
dudng
cha me chdng. Chung ta cd thd kd
ra diy nhidu tim guong phu nii tieu bidu dd:
"Nguyln
Thj Quang, ngudi buyen Tien Lii,
luc
17
tudi liy chdng Id Nguydn

Chiu,
ngudi cung xa, mdi dugc mdt nim chdng phai di h'nh
thii
6 Thii
Nguyen mdc benh cbdt. Thi thin ddn noi chdng cbdt dem
hii
cdt vd ehdn, khi hdt tang chdng,
cha me chdng cho vd nha dd cai gii, tiij til thd giu tidt ddn cbdt, bidu duong cha
m^
chdng.
"Nim
Tu Dvic thu nhit dugc bidu
duong""'.
Ldng nhan ii cua
ngudd
phy nii Viet Nam khdng chi bidu bien trong pham vi gia
di^ib
nhd
hep ma
edn
bidu hien siu sde d ngbia xdm, tinh lang.
T^
xua din gian ta da cd ciu "li linh diim
li rich" hay "no ddi cd nhau". Dai nam nhit thdng
chi
- Bd sich eiia qudc sir quin tridu Nguydn
da ghi lai: "Nguydn Thj Thdng, ngudi buyen Duyen Ha, liy chdng la Nguydn Dinh Nam, ngudi
cting
xa, 20 mdi, khdng cd eon, d goi, cha me bao
edi

gia thi liy viec giir
tjdt
ddn cbdt dd phan
ddi.
Ttr diy lam an sieng nang, tin tien
nen
nbat dung diy
dii.
Nam Minh Menh thii' l4, gap mit
miia thj ciing
IfX)
bdc thdc dd chin cip ngudi ngheo, dugc on ban thudng 4 tim sa, nam Ty
Diic
tbiic
hai dugc bidu
duong"'^'.
Tinh
ddn
biu,
sy bao dung
eiia
ngudi phu nu Viet Nam
edn
bidu hien ro ret b cieb cu xu
giira ngudi vdi ngudi, y
tbiic
ddi vdi cdng ddng, bidt hy sinb vi tip tiid, bidt trgng tinh ngudi.
Bi ky d xa Cao Xi buyen Thanh Cai tinh Ha Tiy cd nghi lai: "Ba Phan Thj
Chile
ngudi

bin xa, vdn nhin biu
diic
dd, hang xdm tren dudi bidt tidng, ai cung
qu^f
trgng ba. Thiy din xa
cin tidn, ba da phit hdng san, hdng tim ciing
1(XX)
quan dd din chi ding vao viec cdng. Din xa
cam
on.in diic
eiia ba da
dimg
bia va coi ba la tim guong hdt ldng vi viec ngbia dd con chiu
mudn ddi noi
theo"*''.
Bin "Hau thin bi
kf
b Thii Binh
cQng
cho bidt b xa Phit Lde, huyen Ddng Quan tinh
Thii Binh cd bi
Bili
Dieu Loan thiy que nha
tiing
b&,
thidu tidn trd ng thud cu, ba dem
giiip
xa
trang trai no nin, gin 100 quan tidn, hai sao 5
thude

mdng. Dip lai tim ldng nhin
diic eiia
ba,
din xa suy
tdn
bi Ii biu
thin"'*'.
6
phudng Ha Khiu (Hi Ndi) cung cd bi Nguydn Thj
Qic
li
ngudi cd tim ldng ttr thien da xin ciing 300 quan tidn vao viec cdng.
Ngoii ra
edn
cd hang
ngan-,
hang van ehj em phu
nii:
khic du d dja vi cao thip khic nhau
nhung b diu hg cung mang cdt cieb cua ngudi con gii Viet Nam dd li sin sang hy sinb vi
nghla
Idn,
bidt dat
Igi ich
eiia tap thd len tren quydn
Igi
cua ci nhin minh: "Mdt ngudi con gii binh
thudng b xa
Xuin
Van Ddng, buyen

Pbiic
Thg tinh Son Tiy thiy din xa nghdo tiing
nen
thidu
tidn
ndp
suu. Ba da ty nguyen cho din 400 quan tidn dd
btl
vao chd suu thud bi thidu. Cim on
in
(1) Qudc
sii
quin tridu Nguydn - Dai nam nhit thdng ehf
- NXB
KHXH Hi
N6i,
1971,
T.3,
U-
301
(2) Qu6c
sir
quin tridu
Nguyln
- Dai nam nha't thdng
chi
-
NXB
KHXH
H^

N6i,
1971,
T.3,
tr
302
(3)
NhOng guorng
mat
Sdd tr 62
(4)SDD,tr61
25
dtic
eiia
bi, dan lang tren dudi
m*dt
ldng tdn ba la hau thin"'". Thin tfeb
ciia
xa Kha Lim buyen
An Lao tinh Kidn An da nggi cdng dire
eiia Chieu
Chinh cdng
ehiia
- eon vua Trin Thii Tdng:
"Liy chdng mdi dugc hai nam, chdng ehdt, nang d vay thu tidt thd chdng, sau dd nang cho xiy
chiia,
sdm tdi thdp huong thd
phat,
bd tbf ngudi ngheo, md chg, khuydn
kbich
dan cham viec

ndng tang, chin bin dudng lao,
eihi
khd phd nguy, ai cung vui
ve"'^'.
Cd thd ndi long nhan ii, bao dung, trgng ngbia tinh dao ly ma bao
triim
len tit ca la tinh
thuong yeu
qu^^
trgng eon ngudi va eude sdng cua con ngudi b ngudi phu nir Viet Nam da
due
kdt thinh tir tudng tridt ly tinh thudng sdng ddng trong van boa dan gian, da in sau vao tim
kham ngudi Viet Nam qua bang ngan nam ljch sin
"Biu
oi
thuong liy bf ciing
Tuy ring khic gidng nhung ehung mdt gian".
Chfnh gii trj van hoi nay da tao ra
sire
manh
eiia
tinh thin doan kdt,
siic
manh cua chii
ngbia nhin van,
sire
manh
eiia
sing tao,
siie

manh
ciia
tinh thin kien cudng bit kbuit, diu tranh
chdng lai mgi cai xiu, cai ie dd
vuon
tdi chin, thien, my trong cic quan he giiia ci nhin vdi ca
nhan, ca nhan vdi cdng ddng, giua eon ngudi vdi ty nhien. Day cung la ndn tang cua tinh thin
cdng ddng,
eiia
le sdng, ndp sdng, trong sing cao ca ttr xua ddn nay vin dugc
tlinb
gii rit cao
trong cie gii trj van hoi Viet Nam ndi rieng va nhan
loai
ndi ehung.
3.
Can
cii
va sang tao trong lao dgng, c6 dau 6c thyc
te,
phu
nOf
Viet Nam da gop
phan quan trgng trong viec lam giau
nhfmg
gia trj van boa
truyen
thdng
ciia
dan tgc.

Sinb ra va
Idn
len d mdt dai nude cd thien nhien bao phong nhung lai cung du ddn, eon
ngudi Viet Nam ndi ehung va phu
nCr
Viet Nam ndi rieng da sdm mang trong minh mdt tinh thin
lao ddng cin
eti
va sang tao. Ttr eude sdng thyc td, ttr lao ddng hg da tao ra nhihig gii trj van hoi
vat chit va tinh thin phong phii ma cho ddn nay nhung gia trj van hoi dd vdn dugc nhan dan ta
bio tdn vi phit buy. La ngudi ndi trg, phu nir Viet Nam vtra thao, vtra gidi trong viec chd bidn
cic mdn an ttr nhung san phim cua que huong mang dam dac didm tfnb cieb Viet Nam nhu: Cic
loai binh lim tir gao ndp, gao te, cic mdn an dan gia, nhu
tuong,
ca, dua mudi, tir bang ngan
nam nay la do phu nir sing tao ra va gin giu.
Theo
tmydn thuydt din gian va mdt sd ban thin
tfch ghi lai thi me Au Co la ngudi sinb ra 100
diia
eon ma sau nay hg da trd thinh cic vj td ciia
cic ddng hg tren dit Viet. Me Au Co ciing day cho din trdng
Wa,
hudng din cho dan trdng tm'a.
Me edn sing chd ra mdt thd' binh ggi la binh udi. Binh udi cd ttr thdi me Au Co, binh ehung cd
ttr thdi Lang Lieu, binh ft cd ttr thdi cd Ut (con gii
eiia
vua Hung) la nhihig
thii
binh cd tmydn

cd ljch sir xa xdi nbat. Vd sau cie ba Dam Nuong, Hdng Nuong, Thanh Nuong da nghi ra cic
loai binh trdi, binh dung, binh bdt
'''.
Cho ddn nay trong cie djp
Id
tdt, b nhidu noi cic loai
binh nay vin la nhihig mdn an dugc nhidu ngudi ua
tbi'eh
bdi dd la mdt thir van hoi im thyc dac
sde ciia cu dan ddng bdng Bdc Bd.
Phu nir Viet Nam cung la nhimg ngudi duy
trt
va bao tdn nhiing gii trj van hoi tmydn
thdng nhu trong cic ngbd
thii
cdng cd tmydn, trang phuc, cieb det vdi, then boa van
O
nhidu
noi nhin din dja phuong da tdn vinh nhihig phu nu dd la td su cua ngbd va dugc
chep
trong cie
ban thin ti'eh
eiia
lang.
C) cac viing
din tdc thidu sd, nhung bd viy, io, khan do
ebi'nh
ban tay
(l)SDD,ti6l
(2)

SDD,
tr
61
(3) Vii Ngoc
Kliaiili luge truyen Ihrin
td cac
ngaiili
nghd.
NXB KHXH
1991,
tr
20,
21,
29, 30.
2S
ciia nhiing ngudi phu nii det chdng nhihig da tao nen ban sde van hoi rieng cua mdi tdc ngudi mi
c6n lim phong phu va da dang cho ndn van hoi qudc gia.
Vdi vai trd li ngudi me, ngudi vg, phu
niT
la ngudi diu tien trong dudng due, nudi day eon
cii.
Nhihig
Idi
hit m,
nhthig Ian
dieu din ca, sy day dd cua ngudi me da sdm di vio tim hdn
diia
tre rdi dugc giii gin va tmydn tir thd he nay sang thd he khic.
NbOng
con ngudi Viet Nam iy

Idn
len da hip tiiu vi mang trong minh h'nh cieb, dao dtic vdi ban sde van hoi rieng ciia din tdc.
Nha bic hgc Le
Qu^
Ddn d thd ky
18
da nggi ca ngudi phu nii trong tic phim ciia minh: "Hoang
biu
(trie
cu bi Thuong - me vua Le Thii Td) kheo giii dao lam vg, thd cha me hdt long hidu
kinh,
liy
on hue
dSi
\u vdi hg hang, dung
Id
ngbia day con chiu, dde biu bao, nghieng bd thdc
mi chu cip cho ngudi ngheo, sdt thuong ke edi ciit, mgi ngudi ddu ca tiing diic tdt
ciia
hoang
biu'". Trong bd "Dai Nam nhit flidng ebf' hinh anh ngudi phy ntr cung dugc chep lai vdi vai trd
to
Idn
trong viec day con: "Ba Nguydn Thj Sdu d buyen Quang Didn tinh Thtra Thien. Nim 17
mdi bi liy chdng. Ba da lo toan cung cip cho chdng, khuydn
khich
dng hgc hinh thi cii. Vi viy
dng da dd hai khoa hi tai. 6ng qua ddi liic ba 25 tiidi nhung ba quydt tam d vay thd chdng nudi
con. Hai con ttr be ddn
Idn ludn

dugc ba cham nom day dd va khuydn
khi'eh
hgc hanh. Tuy yeu
thuong va chidu chudng con nhung ba ndi tidng la ngudi me nghiem khdc. Vi vay cic con ba ddu
dd cu nhin va thay nhau lam quan d Hoan Chiu. Nam Ty
Diic
thiir 36 ba dugc vua bidu duong
tang phong la bic tidt phu va ban cho
lua
tidn"'^'.
Phu nii Viet Nam chdng nhung da gdp phdn tfeb eye vao viec bao tdn va phit tridn nhthig ydu
td chu
ydii
trong ndn van hoi vit chit
ciia
din tdc ma con la
lye
lugng quan trgng trong viec bao ve
vi phit tridn ndn van boa tinh thin.
Trong cic dieu miia cd tmydn, cie lin dieu din gian, phu nii eting cd vai trd dac biet.
Cudn
"H5'
phudng phd luc" cua nha bic hgc Luang Thd Vinh d thd ky XV da khdng djnb td su
cua nghe
thuit
cheo
6
Viet Nam la ba Pham Thi Trin ngudi Hai Duong sdng va boat ddng cheo
tir thdi Dinh. Ngudi phu nii dung diu ngbd cheo nay gidi
miia

hit, thudng day
miia
cho quin sy,
dugc phong
chiic
va dugc tdn la "Huydn
nir"'''.
Trong ndn van
chuong
bic hgc
ciia
dan tdc, nhihig ngudi phu nir cd tai nang da mang ca
tim hdn va tn tue dd gdp pin phit tridn van hoi dan tdc. Nir
si
Doan Thj Didm dugc sir sich xua
ghi lai: "Ba li ngudi buyen Van Giang xii' Kinh Bdc. Ba la ngudi hay ehir gidi
tho
van. Tmdng
hgc ciia ba da dao tao dugc nhidu ngudi dd dat trong dd cd tidn
si
Dio Duy Doan. Tie phim cua
bi cd Tmydn ky tin phd va ban djch Chinh Phu Ngim ciia Dang Trin
Cdn"'*'.
Cdn nii thi
si
Hd
Xuin Huong dugc coi la: "Mdt nha tho nir rit dde dio cudi thdi Hiu
Le"<^'.
Tidng ndi cua ngudi phu nir tren didn dan van hgc da gdp phin lam phong phii cho ndn
van hgc nude nha, ddng thdi hg cdn la nhihig tim guong xiy dyng nen dire ti'nh cao dep cua

ngudi con gii Viet Nam.
Hon mudi thd ky dd hd Viet Nam, cie tridu dai phong kidn phuong Bic mudn
vinh vidn
bidn Viet Nam thanh quin, buyen cua Tmng Qudc va ddng boa vd mat phong tue, tip quan
nhung
chting
da vip phai sy khing cy manh me
ciia
nhin din tren dit nude niy. Sudt chidu dai
(1) Le
Qui Ddn
- Dai viet thdng sit.
NXB
KHXH Ha
N6i,
1978,
tr 18.
(2) Dai nam nhit thdng ehf. Sdd
(3) Tnch theo
luge
tmydn thin td nginh
nghd.
Sdd, tr
91.
(4,5)
Nhihig guong
mat
Sdd,
u
269

27
ljch sir dan tdc, phu nii Vict Nam da giu vai trd tfch eye trong vice gin gift, phat buy va nang cao
them nhimg gii tri van boa
iruydn ihd'ng ciia
dan tgc - dd la long yeu nude, tinh than lao ddng
cin
CII,
ndp sdng gian dj, thuy ehung,
Idng nhfm
ai, vj
iha,
biei an nbfmg ngudi cd cdng vdi nude
vdi ling Didu nay da gdp phan to
li'm
lam that bai am muu
eiia
ke
thii.
Chung ta dang dimg
trude
ngudng cira
ciia
thd ky 21, dit nude Viet Nam dang chuydn
bidn ttmg ngay. Nhung nhung gia trj van boa Iruydn thdng
eiia
dan tdc vdn khdng ngtmg dugc
bao tdn va phit tridn. Bdi vi nd cd vai trd dac biet quan trgng ddi vdi sy phit tridn bdn vung cua
dit nude ta trong giai
doim
mdi. Dimg nhu NQ Hdi ngbj lin

thii
5 BCHTW Dang khoi 8 vd
"Xiy dyng va phat tridn ndn van boa Viet
Nsmi
lien lien, dam da ban sde din tdc" da khang djnh.
Tdi lieu tham khdo
1.
Ngd Si Lien - Dai
Viel
sir ky loan
ihu
- NXB KHXH Ha Ndi
1993,
lap 1, 2, 3
2.
Le Quy Ddn - Dai Viet thdng sir - NXB KHXH Ha Ndi
1978.
3.
Qudc
sir
quan tridu
Nguyen
- Dai
niun
nbat thdng ebf - NXB KHXH Ha Ndi 1971 tap 1,
2,
3, 4, 5.
4.
PTS Dd Thj Hao
ehii

bien Nhfmg guong mat phu nfr Viet Nam (qua tu lieu Han ndm) -
NXBKHHXHaNdi
1996.
5.
VQ Ngge Khanh - Luge truyen than td cie
nganh
ngbd. NXB KHHX
1991.
6. van kien Hoi nghi
Ian
thir 5 BCHTW khoa 8 - NXB Chfnh trj
Qui-t'c
gia Ha Ndi
1998.
7.
Hd Chf Minh toan tap - lap 3 - NXB Chfnh tri Qudc gia Ha Ndi 1995.
SUMMARY
Vietnamese
women's role
in creating, reinforcing, developing and conserving the
features of the
naticmal
culture as indicated in some ancient materials
Vietnam is a country which have an agelong history and culture. The Vietnamese from
very early lime built their particular cultural
fealurea,
those have created for the nation a steady
standing position and acted as the
iactor
helped lo generate power and motivation for the

country's socio-economic development. As an important labour force, Vietnamese women have
contributed significantly lo
ihe
lomialion,
tievelopmcnl
and maintaining the features of the
national culture since long ago. Their eonlribulion has been complimenled by the whole nation
and memorized in ancient history books. Within the scope of this report, in terms of culture
aspect, we would like to
realtimi
the Vietnamese women's great contribution through the proofs
gathered from some ancient materials as follows:
1.
Vietnamese women are keen patriots with the will of national self-reliance.
2.
Vietnamese women have helped create the spirit olbumanitarianism, tolerance and
morality - one of Ihe national
eiillure
features - for thousands years now.
3.
Working hard and inilialively,
Ihinking
practically,
Vietnamese
women have given
important contribution lo
ihe
enrichmenl of traditional values of the Vietnamese
euluiie.
28