Chế độ tài sản chung của vợ chồng theo Luât Hôn nhân và gia đình năm 2000


KHOA LUẬT





TRƢƠNG THỊ NGỌC TUYẾT


CHẾ ĐỘ TÀI SẢN CHUNG CỦA VỢ CHỒNG
THEO LUẬT HÔN NHÂN VÀ GIA ĐÌNH NĂM 2000



: Luật dân sự
: 60 38 30


LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ LUẬT HỌC

 PGS.TS NGUYỄN VĂN CỪ


HÀ NỘI - 2012

LỜI CAM ĐOAN











Trƣơng Thị Ngọc Tuyết



MỤC LỤC




MỞ ĐẦU 1
1.  1
2.  2
3.  3
4.  4
5.  4
6.  5

7.  5
8.  6
Chƣơng 1: KHÁI QUÁT VỀ CHẾ ĐỘ TÀI SẢN CHUNG CỦA VỢ CHỒNG 7
1.1. m ca ch  n chung ca v chng 7
1.1.1. m 7
1.1.2. m ch  n chung ca v chng 9
1.2. a vinh quan h n ca v chng 10
1.3.  13
1.4.  17
1.4.1.  17
1.4.2.             
 22
Chƣơng 2: NỘI DUNG CỦA CHẾ ĐỘ TÀI SẢN CHUNG CỦA VỢ
CHỒNG THEO LUẬT HN&GĐ NĂM 2000 36
2.1.  36
2.1.1.  37
2.1.2.  41
2.2.  49



2.3.  52
2.3.1.  52
2.3.2.  62
2.3.3. 
 70
Chƣơng 3: THỰC TIỄN ÁP DỤNG VÀ MỘT SỐ KIẾN NGHỊ
HOÀN THIỆN CHẾ ĐỘ TÀI SẢN CHUNG CỦA VỢ CHỒNG 77
3.1. 





















 77
3.1.1. 







 
 78

3.1.2. 







 81
3.1.3. 







 
 83
3.1.4.  85
3.1.5. 





















 87
3.2.             
 90
3.2.1. 
















 90
3.2.2.  93
3.2.3. 









. 94
3.2.4. 


















 97
3.2.5.  98
3.2.6.              
 99
3.2.7.  100
KẾT LUẬN 102
DANH MU
̣
C TA
̀
I LIÊ
̣
U THAM KHA
̉
O 104




DANH MỤC CÁC TỪ VIẾT TẮT


1.
BLDS
BLDS
2.


3.

-



-CP
4.




35/2000/QH10
5.
-




02/2000/NQ-
6.

TANDTC
7.

TAND

1

MỞ ĐẦU

1. Tính cấp thiết của việc nghiên cứu đề tài





























, vai



 





















 . 




, 








 , 

 , 


 

























 , 








  

. , 






  , 




























, 



















. 













































.


 2000 















chung , ph
, 


, 













,   

 . , 
, 










 
     p, kinh doanh, 










 . 







 chung 






 .          
  










 chung 

2

,    











 

















.





 , 





  









n 

.
2. Tình hình nghiên cứu đề tài
- 
,
 
. 


 
chung 
 t Chế

đô
̣
ta
̀
i sa
̉
n cu
̉
a vơ
̣
chồng theo Luâ
̣
t HN&GĐ Viê
̣
t Nam” n
  “Hậu quả pháp lý của việc chia tài sản vợ chồng
trong thời kỳ hôn nhân”   
 2002; “Quyền sở hữu của vợ chồng theo luật HN&GĐ
năm 2000”  
 2004; Chế độ tài sản theo thỏa thuận của vợ chồng trong pháp luật
Cộng hòa Pháp và pháp luật Việt Nam” 
 Bàn thêm về chia tài sản chung của vợ
chồng trong thời kỳ hôn nhân theo Luật HN&GĐ hiện hành”  
  Luâ
̣
n
bàn về các hnh thc sở hữu và sở hữu chung hợp nht của vợ chồng” 
2011 



3






 “Quan hệ tài sản giữa các thành
viên trong gia đnh theo Luật HN&GĐ năm 2000”;     
, 2002: “Xác định tài sản của vợ chồng - một số vn đề lý
luận và thực tiễn áp dụng”  Chế độ tài sản vợ chồng theo
luật HN&GĐ Việt Nam” TS 

 
; 

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
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 chung , 
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
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

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  

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 chung 

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
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 n2000  . c 
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
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
, , 
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
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
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
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
 

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
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
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 
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
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
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chung 2000. ,

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
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
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 
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
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 chung 
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  
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
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








 , 
















.
3. Mục đích nghiên cứu
         
2000, BLDS 

 , 
y 

4




4. Phạm vi nghiên cứu
             
 



5. Phƣơng pháp nghiên cứu
 




- 
 


 
 :
- P

-  


- 


 
               


5

-   
 


a 

6. Những điểm mới của Luận văn
 

- 

 
-               
 n
               
 
 
-  


 

7. Ý nghĩa của việc nghiên cứu đề tài















, 





















6

,  


 chung 


 , 

















h.
8. Kết cấu của luận văn

3 
Chương 1: 
Chương 2: 
HN& 
Chương 3: 


7

C 1
KHÁI QUÁT VỀ CHẾ ĐỘ TÀI SẢN CHUNG CỦA VỢ CHỒNG

1.1 Khái niệm, đặc điểm của chế độ tài sản chung của vợ chồng
1.1.1. m
 , 
  
. 
 

.

    , 
     













, 


















g.  
             


 

.
chung 
, 
2005 

BLDS. Theo t, “tài sản là của cải vật cht dùng vào mục
đích sản xut hoặc tiêu dùng

8

- 
N
  
 “Tài sản bao gồm vật, tiền,
giy tờ có giá và các quyền tài sản”  
   .

          
,        

-
- 
 

chế độ tài sản chung của vợ chồng là tổng hợp
các quy phạm pháp luật điều chỉnh các quan hệ xã hội liên quan đến tài sản
chung của vợ chồng, bao gồm các quy định về căn c, nguồn gốc xác lập tài
sản chung, quyền và nghĩa vụ của vợ chồng đối với tài sản chung, các trường

hợp và nguyên tắc chia tài sản chung của vợ chồng.

    chung  

 
, 
 



9












chung 
 
          
.
1.1.2. m ch  n chung ca v chng
- Về chủ thể:  tr  th ca quan h u chnh bi ch
 n chung ca v chi quan h p

 cht v . Theo
 

 V

  n chung ca v chng ch tn ti trong
thi k 
- Về hnh thc sở hữu: nh tu 219 ca
BLDS 2005 u 27 Lu n chung ca v

10

chng thuc s hu chung hp nht.     
  
           
 
. 




 

. Tt hp nh ch tn ti trong
sut thi k u trong thi k  cha
thu khn chung.
- Việc thực hiện quyền và nghĩa vụ của các chủ thể có những giới hạn
nht định. Xu l cnh 




           
hia

1.2. Ý nghĩa của việc xác định quan hệ tài sản của vợ chồng

               
 


11

 
 



- 

  




- 
- 







 
 

 


 

12


              
  "Trong trường hợp tài sản riêng của vợ hoặc chồng đã
được đưa vào sử dụng chung mà hoa lợi, lợi tc từ tài sản riêng đó là nguồn
sống duy nht của gia đnh th việc định đoạt tài sản riêng đó phải được sự
thoả thuận của cả vợ chồng”.
- Ch   n chung ca v chng nhm bm quyn li ca
a v, chi th ba
          n chung ca v chng.
Nhnh ct v quan h n ca v chc h
bo v quyn li c    n
vm bo  ng l vt chc thc
hin v quan h s hn gia v chng, quyn v
cng gia v n tha k n ca nhau gia v 
chng. Trong mt s ng hp, ch  n chung ca v ch
bo v quyi th 
dn chung ca v ch
d hoc bng thit h

- 
chi cơm lành, canh ngọt”








13



 

 


        



vinh quan h n ca v chng
s  quan trng tng  thun li,  v chng
 ng thi bo v quyi th
ba khi tham gia quan h n vi v chng. 

chung 




1.3. Cơ sở lý luận và thực tiễn của chế độ tài sản chung của vợ chồng
i
 


q



14

 

             
 


   
 , 
 
; n


 





- 
.
T 
 

“trọng nam khinh nữ” 

 
“gia trưởng”“nô lệ” trong gia
“chồng là người chủ

15

trương trong gia đnh”, 





 “nếu không giải phóng phụ nữ th xây dựng
chủ nghĩa xã hội mới chỉ một nửa” 
 


,  
theo 
(theo quy 

-  





 
- 

  


  

16

 

 .
  n
 .


-  - 






 




 







.

17

              
 
 



 
- 
phong tc, tp
c i. Bi l, ni dung ca phong tc, t yu tp
nh vi sng x hi,  
. ng tht hi hi phc t
ng chi phu chi trong mi quan h vi i
i cnh ng l
vi trong quan h .   y, ngay trong l  u ca Lut
 Vinh v vic giữ gn và phát huy truyền
thống và những phong tục tốt đẹp của dân tộc Việt Nam, xóa bỏ những phong

tục, tập quán lạc hậu về HN&GĐquy tc, x s cc, phong tc,
tc c th  t s tu kit d 
thc hin c tn quan trng cn gia
nh bn vng; gi gng mc, hn ch nhng m
cng hc, tc tp tr u
ni to ra mng thun li c sng.
1.4. Sơ lƣợc về chế độ tài sản chung của vợ chồng qua các thời kỳ
lịch sử
1.4.1. 
 Thời kỳ phong kiến


18








           
heo 

“tại gia tòng phụ, xut giá tòng phu, phu tử tòng tử”. 




 

 
- m
 



 

            
 

               

19

  

. 

              
 
                

 




 Trong thời kỳ Pháp thuộc,  
BLDS “chia để trị”, 


 
chung :
- BLDS  ;
- BLDS  ;
- Tg
Trong thi k t v  thc ra ch  
cc thn nhm cng c o v la giai
ca ch phong kia nhn ch   thc
hic bng gia v chng, ng thi bo v ng c
quyn cc bin ca chi vi v: v  
c ch tb 
u thuc quyn s hn qui chng.

20

Theo , 

 
 



 
 do p
vi, 
 

 107




                




.



 
