Lý thuyết và bài tập về phrasal verbs

MORE PHRASAL VERBS

A. SOME COMMON PHRASAL VERBS

PRACTICE

wake up - stand up - look after - sit down - give up - ring up - get on

I. Choose the correct phrasal verbs from the list above to complete these sentences.

1. The children get up at eight o`clock to have breakfast.
2. “ ……!” he said. `This is not the time for sleeping!`
3. After the crash, my legs hurt: it was very difficult to ……
4. “ ……in that chair, please,” said the doctor.
5. The bus was moving too fast and I couldn`t …… it.
6. Mr and Mrs Smith are going to …… the children for an hour.
7. I`m going to …… smoking tomorrow.
8. I`m going to …… the station and ask about the trains.

II. Read the dialogue and underline the phrasal verbs. Write each phrasal verb in
the infinitive in your notebook.

A: Oh hello. Nice to see you again. Did you have a good holiday? I was planning to ring
you up to ask you about it.
B: Yes, it was lovely. We had to set off really early because the plane took off at 6 a.m.
But then we were on the beach in the sun by lunchtime.
A: Great! And what did you do most days?
B: Well, we usually slept in. It was very nice not having to get up early. And then we
stayed up late at night, going out to discos and nightclubs. During the day, we usually lay
on the beach or looked round the town.
A: And what about food?

B: Well, we didn`t usually have any breakfast. By the time we got downstairs at the hotel,
they had cleared away all the breakfast things. We tried out different restaurants for lunch
and most of them were very
good. The fish was particularly nice. And we usually stayed in for dinner at the hotel.
A: So what did you like best?
B: I liked everything - the beaches, the weather, the food, the night life, the people. I`d
like to go back again next year so I`m saving up for it already. People book very early for
that area so I must fix it up after the New
Year. If I carry on saving for a few months, I`ll have enough money.

III. Match the phrasal verbs from exercise 99a with these definitions. Copy the
definitions with the correct phrasal verb into your notebook.

1. To test something for the first time to find out whether it is good or not. = try out
2. To rise into the air to start flying (usually a plane or a bird). = take off
3. To make the arrangements for something
4. To visit a place and look at the different parts of it
5. To stay inside somewhere, not to go out
6. To begin a journey
7. To make somewhere tidy by removing things (e.g. plates and food from a table, toys
from a floor]
8. To continue to do something
9. To get out of bed
10. To return
11. To not be in bed late at night, after bedtime
12. To not spend some of your money, but to put it away or in a bank.
13. To leave the house/hotel to go somewhere, usually for pleasure.
14. To sleep late in the morning.
15. To telephone someone

B. PHRASAL VERBS THAT DON`T TAKE AN OBJECT

- The car broke down on the way to hospital and we had to call for an ambulance.
- Please hurry up! We`re going to miss the train.
- Look out! There`s a car coming.
• Like other verbs, some phrasal verbs take an object:
- Can you pick up that bag?
verb object
And some phrasal verbs do not take an object:
- We `re setting off (no object) at 7 o`clock tomorrow morning.
[verb]
• Examples of phrasal verbs that don`t take an object:
to break down = to stop working (when talking about machinery)
to hurry up = to move, go, do something faster
to look oat = to take care
PRACTICE

Complete the sentences, using the phrasal verbs in the box. Put the verbs into the correct
tense and form.

get up break down set off sleep in stay in
speak up go back hurry up go out look out

1. My washing machine broke down this morning so I had to do all the washing by hand.
2. The train leaves at 5.45 so I think we should …… at 5.00.
3. I`d like to …… tonight but I`ve got a lot of work to do so I should ……
4. Please …… . We`re going to be late.
5. Oh good. I don`t have to ……. early for work tomorrow so I can ………
6. I`m sorry but my hearing is not very good. Could you …… , please ?
7. ……! You`re going to hit that car.

8. I had a holiday in Malaysia last year and it was beautiful. I`d love to

C. PHRASAL VERBS THAT TAKE AN OBJECT: SEPARABLE

- I looked up the new words in a dictionary.
- Can you put away the dishes?
- I put my glasses down somewhere but I can`t remember where.
- They`ve got too much money; they should give some of it away.
- I don`t know the answer but I must find it out.
• Many phrasal verbs take an object: I can`t pick up this bag.
• We can say:
- I can`t pick up this bag.
verb particle object
- I can`t pick this bag up.
verb object particle
The verb and the particle can separate. The particle can go before or after the object.
• If the object is a pronoun {her, me, it, etc.) it goes before the particle:
I can`t pick it up.
NOT I can`t Dick up it.
• Examples of phrasal verbs that take an object (separable):
to look up = to find the meaning of a word in a dictionary or to find some other
information in a book
to put away = to put something in its proper place, e.g. a cupboard or box
to put down = to put something on a surface, e.g. a table or the floor
to give away = to give something to someone free of charge
to find out = to find information about something
to turn on = to start a machine by putting electricity into it
to turn off = to stop a machine by stopping the supply of electricity
to work out = to solve a problem by thinking hard about it
to put off = to delay something to a later date

PRACTICE

I. Rewrite the sentences substituting the underlined words with a phrasal verb from the
box. Write the sentences
a) with the object after the verb and particle;
b) with the object between the verb and particle.
(Where the object is a pronoun, you can only put it between the verb and particle.)

look up fix up give away turn on turn off
put down ring up put away work out put off

1. I usually telephone my sister at the weekend for a chat.
- I usually ring up my sister at the weekend for a chat.
- I usually ring my sister up at the weekend for a chat.
2. These clothes are too small for Andrew. I should give them to someone else.
3. I don`t know the meaning of this word. I must find it in the dictionary.
4. We should talk about this problem. Can we arrange a meeting?
5. Your room looks terrible, James. Why don`t you put your clothes into the cupboard.
6 Would you like to p_ut your bag on the floor?
7. This problem is really difficult. Could you help me solve it?
8. OK, we`re ready. Would you start the machine, please?
9. Marie can`t come. She wants to delay the meeting until Monday.
10. The machine is too noisy. Could you stop it working, please?

D. PHRASAL VERBS THAT TAKE AN OBJECT BUT DO NOT SEPARATE

- She was very ill last year but she has got over the illness now.
- He takes after his father. He`s got the same blonde hair and blue eyes and the same
gentle manner.

- She works in the mornings but she can`t live off that. She must find a full-time job.
- I came across an old photograph of you yesterday. It was taken when you were at
school.
• Some phrasal verbs do not have the object between the verb and the particle.
In these verbs, the verb and the particle cannot separate. They are inseparable. The object
can only go after the verb and the particle:
- I`d like to go out tonight. Can you look after the children? (to look after = to take care
of someone or something)
verb particle object
We cannot say: Can you look the children after?
• When the object is a pronoun, it goes after the phrasal verb in the same way:
- Can you look after them?
• Examples of phrasal verbs that take an object but do not separate:
to get over = to recover from something, e.g. an illness, the death of a relative or friend,
etc. That is, to get better after
something bad happens to you
to take after = to look or behave like a parent (or older relative)
to live off = to get money from something to pay for everything you need to live, e.g.
food, clothes, transport, etc.
to come across = to find something or meet someone by chance

PRACTICE

Complete the sentences with a verb from the box. Put the verb into the correct tense form.
take after
look round
come across
get over
live on
look after

1. He was very unhappy after his girlfriend left him but I think he is starting to get over it
now.
2. We`re going on holiday next month. We must find someone to .… the cat and the
plants.
3. I know you`ve seen the new part of the town but you should …… the old part - it`s
very interesting.
4. We were on our way to college when we …… some dancers. They were doing a
beautiful dance in the street.
5. He`s very good at sport and his mother is, too. He … her.
6. She loves acting but she can`t the money she earns from it. She has to do other
jobs.


ANSWER KEY

A.

I. 1. get up 2. Wake up! 3. stand up 4. Sit down 5. get on 6. look after 7. give up 8. ring
up
II. ring up, set off, take off, sleep in, get up, stay up, go out, look round, clear away, try
out, stay in, go back, save up, fix up, carry on
III. 1. try out 2. take off 3. fix up 4. look round 5. stay in 6. set off 7. clear away 8. carry
on 9. get up 10. go back 11. stay up 12. save up 13. go out 14. sleep in 15. ring up

B. 1. broke down 2. set off 3. go out stay in 4. hurry up 5. get up ……. sleep in 6.
speak up 7. Look out 8. go back

C.
1. I usually ring up my sister/ring my sister up
2. I should give them away.

3. I must look it up in the dictionary.
4. Can we fix up a meeting/fix a meeting up?
5. Why don`t you put away your clothes/put your clothes away?
6. Would you like to put your bag down/put down your bag?
7. Could you help me work it out?
8. Would you turn the machine on/turn on the machine, please?
9. She wants to put the meeting off/put off the meeting until Monday.
10.Could you turn it off , please?
D.1.get over 2.look after 3.look around 4.came across 5.takes after 6.live on