Giáo trình mô đun ương cua giống nghề sản xuát giống cua xanh








 05






4


1

T

          


ch kinh





2








xanh  

và bà con lao
 

 
              
5/201   11/2013          
31/2010/TT-        -


Sản xuất giống cua xanh 
:
M

Nuôi cua 



 gi
Giáo trình Ương cua giống   
Ương cua giống Sản xuất giống cua xanh 


ng   thành (cua  
).
68 3 bài:
Bài 1.  
Bài 2. 
Bài 3. 


3

 
- 













4

 6
 7
 8

1.  8
1.1.  8
1.2.   11
1.3.  19
1.4.  23
1.5.  25
2.  26
3.  28
 31
1.  31
1.1.  31
1.2. Thu cua 32
1.3.  33
2.  34
2.1.  34
2.2.  34
2.3.    38
3.  41
3.1.  41
3.2.  44
4.  sóc cua 44
4.1. Cho  45
4.2.  50
 52
1.  52
1.1.  53


5
1.2.  56

1.3.  59
1.4.  59
1.5.  60
1.6.  62
1.7. 
3
, H
2
S 64
2.  67
3. Gây  68
4.  68
4.1. tra  68
4.2.  68
4.3.  68
4.4.   69
5.  69
 71
 86
 86



6


1. Chlorine: Clorin, hypoclorit canxi Ca(ClO)
2





tính sá
vôi CaCl
2
.
 formaldehide (CH
2
O) 37 - 



7
: CUA 
 05

Ương cua giống 68 14 
46 


 , 
 




 
c và q .

8
Bài 1.  
-01

          
ng

  g 
 cua  ít .
:
- 

-       

A. 
1.    cua


Ao có hình ch  200 - 500m
2

  0,8 - 1,2m.
 
là cát pha bùn.

             
- 50cm.
 trong ao,  cù lao, ch
- 0,5m.


1.1. phèn  




9


       
      
       
      


Hình 5.

- Lc t sông, ry ao c có pH > 6,5) b
hoc thy triu.
- Ngâm ao 3 -  phèn t trong b c.
- Tháo b khm phèn này.
- Ly ao tr li.
- Ngâm 3 -  phèn t t tip tc.
- Tháo b hc trong ao.

- Ki:
trc tip bng thit b t, c thc hin n 
c tip bng thit b t

Hiu DM-13 t

Hiu DM-15  m ct
Hình 5.1.2. Mt loi thit b 


10




c 1: C   ng
t sao cho 2 (hoc 3) vòng kim
loi ct.


Hình 5.1.3. Cm thit b t


c kt qu
c ch s pH theo kim ch

ng t 3 - 8).

N  t > 5,5 thì có th
thc hic chun b ao tip
theo.

Hình 5.1.4. Kim ch  mc pH = 7

Hoc tip tc ra phèn nu t
ao nuôi có pH < 5.


Hình 5.1.5. Kim ch  mc pH = 4

n m, mm
 nhi các tng khác nhau ct cn kho sát.
Lau sch các vòng kim loi sau u có vt g , làm sch bng
giy nhám.


11
+ p bng test pH
t có th a dung dt bng b
kim tra pH.
c thc hin khi không có thit b t hot

t trong bóng râm nt quá m.
p vn mc ct vào.
Hòa 1kg mc ct (t l 1:1).
Khuy k  c.
 c lng trong.
Ly dt (phng b kim tra pH.
 bng b king dn  mc 2.1. Chn ngun
c mn, bài Chm xây dng tri sn xut ging cua xanh ca mô
ng tri sn xut ging cua.

1.2. 
ao 

1.2.1. Vét bùn 
é


     


 
       


Hình 5.1.6
t thi ca cua, tha và phù sa  c
tích t t v c.
a nhic, mm bnh s gây hi cho cua nu không
i ao.






12
c gom bng trang

 phân hy thành phân bón.

Hình 5.1.7. ng trang
(cào)
  mái b vì có th b trôi vào ao tr l


- ng phng, c
-  c bên ngoài không xung th
c.
- Tháo c t pyrit st bii
thành phèn khi tip xúc vc).

 - 

       
      các phao

      






Hình 5.1.8. 

1.2.2.   



13
      


 

 - 

3





Hình 5.1.9. 
- nh mc trong ao
bc que g, tre.

- Tính th c trong ao =
din tích ao x mc

2



500m
2
x 0,3m = 150m
3



Hình 5.1.10. c trong ao



- ng r dây thuc cá cn dùng


là 150m
3

      

3

     
dùng = 150m
3
x 3kg / 100m
3
=
4,5kg
- Xay ho p dp r dây
thuc cá r   c
khong 12 gi.

Hình 5.1.11. dâ


14



- Vt l c dch r dây
thuc cá.

- Tu dch r dây thuc cá
khp ao ho    c
ng trong ao.

Hình 5.1.12. 

 


- Vt b cá cht.

      
     
        


Hình 5.1.13. 
1.2.3. Bón vôi
 




khi bón vào ao.



Hình 5.1.14. 
3

15

.
 - 
u.
 - 
2




5.


2
)
< 5
5 - 6
> 6
200 - 250
150 - 200
100 - 150
 
 pH .


    


Khi bón vào ao, vôi hút




Hình 5.1.15. Vôi nung CaO


    


nung.
    
bón vào ao.


Hình 5.1.16. Vôi bung Ca(OH)
2
 
 vào vôi nung


16
  

Cách bón vôi
- R u vôi nông nghip vào
 i vi ao không b phèn.

-  c    

thành vôi bung.
      
   


Hình 5.1.17. Bón vôi vào ao
 ý:




1.2.4.  ao
 
ã 





     

    - 10 ngày,
      


Hình 5.1.18t nt chân chim

     


17
1.2.5. Tu  





- Chun b dng c c, xng, dao.
- t rn, chut và các loài
ng vt khác làm hang sng  b
ao. Lp l mi  c 2 mt trong và
ngoài b ao.
-
n b b lún,
st lm bo không b c tràn
b do thy triu cao trong v nuôi
mi.


Hình 5.1.19
- G b các v hàu bám vào thành cng cc.
- p li khe phai b v.
- Sa cha các ván phai b mc, gãy cn. B sung ván phai b mt.
- B m nén cht khu vc và sau cng b xói l do áp lc
c.



1.2.6. Bao 


vào ao và c


- i mui hoi có mi 1mm, cao 0,8-1m, biên trên ca tm
c ging dây PE c 5 -   bao quanh ao.
- Cc tre hoc g cao 1,2 - 1,5m, s ng cc   bao quanh ao vi
khong cách 1m/cc.
- Dây PE hoc dây k bui vào cc.
- Búa, cuc, xng, dao.


18




   


0,5 - 1m.

Hình 5.1.20. 




    
sâu 0,2 - 0,4  
vào trong   

 - 2m.


Hình 5.1.21. C vào rãnh



     
     ên
 - 1m.


      


Hình 5.1.22.  





19

1.2.7. cù lao





1.3. 

1.3.1.  vào ao
Cùng n


c 1: Kim tra nguc
 






.




- 

- Lc theo thy triu
ua




20
+ 
     

     

thiên:
   ,  
    -  
kính tùy theo 


Hình 5.1.23. 

      

khe phai.

phía trong ao.
     

     
      


Hình 5.1.24. 
+ 
   bên ngoài
      
sông 
    


      
 bên ngoài.

Hình 5.1.25
- Lc b
              

C
Cách 1: 

, 


21
Cách 2: 


- Lc kt hp


 

. 
.
1.3.2. Gây màu 
phát cho cua 
cách .
 - 0,4m

- Chn phân bón

Urea (N
2

H
4
CO)
DAP diamonphosphate
Urephosphate (N-P-K = 16:20:0)
N-P-K (46:0:0)


 - 3kg/1.000m
3
.



 - 20kg/1.000m
3
.
- Thm bón phân
           -     





22
c cho ao  có 
tích 500m
2
 
3

Cách tính :
m
2
x 0,4m = 200m
3

00m
3

200m
3
x 2kg/1.000m
3
= 0,4kg

Hòa tan phân hoàn toàn v.
      

      





cua.

Hình 5.1.26. 
      


và màu

 - 4
       


cua là 30 - 40cm
       
      


Hình 5.1.27. 


23
Màu xanh vàng 
      
.
   -     



 
0,8 - 1m.




Hình 5.1.28. 
ao 

1.4. 
 


 


Hình 5.1.29 trong ao



24



     
    - 10cm, dài 3 -



Hình 5.1.30

 - 1m, sao cho khi 
 - 0,5m và cách 
 - 2m

    x 10m hay 5 x 8 -
 - 1m.

      - 2mm


cua 
dàng.


Hình 5.1.31
  chìm t.
 - 30cm.
4 -  - 0,8m
Làm mái che


Làm khung giàn che
 
 - 2m.
Làm mái