giáo trình nuôi lợn nái

BỘ NÔNG NGHIỆP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN NÔNG THÔN
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NUÔI LỢN NÁI
MÃ SỐ: MĐ 06
NGHỀ: CHĂN NUÔI GÀ, HỮU CƠ
Trình độ: Sơ cấp nghề
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TUYÊN BỐ BẢN QUYỀN:
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MÃ TÀI LIỆU: MĐ 06
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LỜI GIỚI THIỆU
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MÔ ĐUN NUÔI LỢN NÁI
Mã mô đun: MĐ 03
Giới thiệu mô đun:
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Bài 1: CHUẨN BỊ ĐIỀU KIỆN NUÔI LỢN NÁI
Mã bài: MĐ 06 - 01

Mục tiêu:
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A. Nội dung:
1. Khái niệm về nông nghiệp hữu cơ
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œ_JN7•9 $ L'0. !,
,(sL69L'5*x6'5 >LR[6Y #44T
$L*-)*4;'57'>6*(BLž
2. Chăn nuôi hữu cơ
2.1. Khái niệm
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7$:,3DQQ 94?711 Q$8
_Q$UB7$%Ÿ6n$.CDQUBL .P
DQP)*L2xT* 44y62aE76
J64T$  6 8\D7y[N4*X)4T$U23'1
1L*/ 5N42'64T$.M'cRiL
.,YN'>0 "'$8S;5V,76LQ$
7$% '? Ÿ6DQ*/26d 6 L7$%B
Q/h7$'()*+* Q$UB8
2.2. Các đặc điểm chính của chăn nuôi hữu cơ
_Q$UB,Z6 "2Nf6x6U6'?LZ4T4'4T
$L$ 9EVJ64T$4$X.CDQ%

?()N'()/R?[*(B**UB8
F
4T%f5'()(M7$71 L(;LDQ'J
,,(s4'()'NR:[EJ6X
4T%f5'()(MZ./47yc20 OL<#f
2DLZ%ZL2(6%L E'&/2Qu4'/2./X%
N/28
<'4T XM #!*/g
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'(<./QJ6%('L4(BL,l04l'5'()
XZ,{,8
_%'J4TZ"L2;L='&6P'4T%E2P
.xLdL,"L)Lh8
rf6#*/'()RY,Z'/2./1)*LU
?2L224$$'&2D'.3L'L'e24#'71
6M2D7$Y4T$o
_%7/Q, !7<?J6.E'L'/2./ C''4T7$
.>$T*4;'4T7-o
ST'():,3'&RY,ZRf6#4.?7•<.>/
R?'()c54;%*/4T7$YD7y[J6
(O0'4T8
2.3. Đặc điểm của nuôi lợn hữu cơ
_Q$)UB2$ (O/2?)N8q)
7$.>N #L'()<*RX4;20 OL'()Z,
'8
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'"eUBA\8 Q$)UB=7$:,3DQ
$*L7$:,3%6?L?711Q (ML
28_4T (M2Z"8
]4TL,1#$xE%,1.aQ/  a

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2. Chuẩn bị chuồng nuôi
2.1. Chọn hướng chuồng
6 Q$)4<7<4RY,Z# C2
'/2./'57NN?L'/2./42$ (OL*xd6,>
.E?<4;29!DQ$C2Y6f/7
< Q$8]4TL#$7RY,Z*/''()"e
*-)*4;'0'&2J6d)Md6'* &768
 Q$)UB#$B) Xe'& 
<N.?)45O<L,4T"c2#*Y'/2./
2452-6¡4?2*452-6'$8_14!4T(O6'&#
(;$620(;628
2.2. Chọn vị trí đặt chuồng
0#U4> 1%5'?
6L7$  '9(;Le2?*8
T)e?*L 648
Hình 6.1.1. Vị trí đặt chuồng
2.3. Chọn kiểu chuồng
6 Q$UB%757&#L-[N)
26275#*-)*8
(O!)Z"n'N'&J4 XeL'N4;)N
E4;6,a() dL)2L6"97&#E2L718S!
)17N #LX(O4T'."n4
#'&J04.6'"28
N4;UN)EBL14T'L6"97&#
2L4!'YB)(OR" 6L48

_#%&2.ClL$L0RY8]1#4;)
7/FLIH2
@
¢8
5#.C'?L%&% B2L2-(60'?BRN*'af6:V
L%&:,3'% "> (OL ?'D64
4T%)C22$ (ON?)* &8
@
_#$7$EecL":,34T'>6*(BL(
"E'0.E'NL'0.4;#$71g
N †2
@
 j2Rm2hYGFHFF28_%&$†pF)
P'EN4;l)*'?44TUBg
Phương án A:
AN     FF  *E  2-
(6L'?F*EL2NF*E
6jF28
A4l)*4;<
*e2‘
<*  3  2    ;*  (
4T'<7'EN
 ".520%2;* ?
,@F2
Hình 6.1.2. Chất độn chuồng
Phương án B:
jF2 
jF2 ?
jF2 ?œ'?œ2N
F2 ?4;<*e2‘

Hình 6.1.3. Chất độn chuồng
q;*?'#(4TD644T%)L%7/QD<
44T%L'#O*YJ6?UB *YLXe2
NL2$ (O#$$=7$$NLe2(;8
j
‹&#7+*71%Y
BL,1# 'J
)'2
/28
Hình 6.1.4. Chuồng nuôi kín
‹&  #  $  /L  2l    2
#L  ,  1  #  7$  ;
('/2./714'J?2)2–
4B8
Hình 6.1.5. Chuồng chăn thả
‹&#E2L[cN42-6
'$L1)*4;N)E
4;6,a
Hình 6.1.6. Chuồng hầm chăn thả

k
rf6.aQ/6"
2 c.Cc4!4;4T
7)(O%%f[
'.;Y LYy
pc7$Ef6g4;
)nEIF2'J8
Hình 6.1.7. Rào chắn
3. Chuẩn bị máng ăn
3.1. Chọn kiểu máng ăn

Q'()<7<?**-
)*4;)L'()'020'?
Q%&2.Cl
Hinh 6.1.8. Máng ăn
Q  % & T  ,3 
TL7$"RY7"N'&
44T&L4
Hình 6.1.9. Máng ăn
I
3.2. Chọn vị trí đặt máng ăn
02Q7$fR6#
$L(O'06:6#
4Q448
0U4> 1)6'LT*
 58
Hình 6.1.10. Vị trí đặt máng ăn
3.3. Kiểm tra máng ăn
‹&2 6'71J62Q
‹&2 64> 1'02Q
‹&2 6'64'YJ62Q
‹&2 6'6gQ7$%%9Lc 2P
(B)8
4. Chuẩn bị máng uống
4.1. Chọn kiểu máng uống
N'()<7<(BZ
2QR*/'/2./%(;
)NLRY.L
2.Cl0<7<4x(;/
Z"4;N'/T28
Hình 6.1.11. Máng uống bằng gỗ

-['57J6d4-Ld )2692N
*-)*8
S2-6¡%&.N 14x(;/T2YBL)%&N
(;'#Oc2$'%8
m
4.2. Chọn vị trí đặt máng uống
S> 1'02N(O7$R62QLT))N
(;L'0.4;7&4x/T2LE94> 1 t,{(;0
<7<N)'C264x/'&)NN 2-6¡8
4.3. Kiểm tra máng uống
‹&2 6'71gN*/71L7$ x n(;
‹&2 6'6g‹$%9L7$c
(;NL,{,6(;442
5. Chuẩn bị thiết bị và dụng cụ chăn nuôi
5.1. Liệt kê thiết bị và dụng cụ
_,33Q$g(,33'():,3*343
$$,(sLQ2%)8
œ]334g_PLRiLR$ ž
!  m88@8  r$  'Z  D  QL  (;
N
Hình 6.1.13. Xẻng
Hình 6.1.14. Chổi
b
œ]337gr$LTL ¡2[L./6'ž
_,33Xgq(,33*3434*x4 >.
)(gKB2"2L*67L7+L72"2L.$Lž'().N 1='/2./
4$ -4) 4:,3
Hình 6.1.15. Bơm tiêm sắt
Hình 6.1.16. Kim tiêm
Hình 6.1.17. Kéo cong kéo thẳng

Hình 6.1.18. Pank
†
  7<  J  YL
0   7<  '  :8
]-'i7&2 6Y
)2–48
Hình 6.1.19. Nhiệt kế
5.2. Bố trí thiết bị
]33Q$g'().N 1E74ZQ$4:,3
4?U
_,33Xg'().N 1='/2./4$ -4) 4
:,38
¡2['().N 1'&ccL2(6L%-6L'#O ¡2[*/T
 47+"47+RN
5.3. Kiểm tra thiết bị và dụng cụ
<.>'()7&2 6'/2./:,3NL7$Y7%7Q(O:
,3t(64T$8
B. Câu hỏi và bài tập thực hành
1. Câu hỏi:
pr'>(;#L4> 1'0#47&#$)£
p$/97&2QL4> 1'02Q47&2 62Q£
p$/97&2QL4> 1'02Q47&2 62N£
pq7"<.>#$4.N 1£
2. Thực hành:
2.1. Bài thực hành số 6.1.1.PDZ7/2 Q$
)UBBPD;*98
3"g_JN7<D4 ¡7WQ5'&Z4R
'>7&#L(;#44> 1RY,Z#)UB
G
p#Zg )UBL6.L(;'L?^

F
L.X,ž
p_D<gZ.T*[%2I94"¢%2
p243J6%2¢Y7Z.T*gDZZ
''&'23"" 68
pO6gO6E<'&94" .!
243'()68 XVg(6.6#2O6(;,`.6'E4
TR+L'
_XVgO6 "LYO6,94" .!
ZR243'()68
p‹<f/4"e/*e2E''()6.Zg""
1 DZZ'LN()L?()/*e2žh
2.2. Bài thực hành số 6.1.2.PDZ97&L4> 1'047&2
 62Q2N£
p3"g_JN7<D4 ¡7WQ'&Z49
7&#L7&2Q.N 12Q2N*-)*4;'57
Q$8
p#Zg 6 Q$)UBL7&2QL2N8
p_D<gZ.T*[%2I(O
p243J6%2g_97&2QL.N 147&2 62Q)
UB
pO6gjF*X
_XVgO6 "LYO6,94" .!
ZR243'()68
p‹<f/4"e/*e2E''()6.Zg91
R2Q2N'"eUB ?L64T$L
4Q2%$,(s)h4*-)*4;)
2.3. Bài thực hành số 6.1.3. PDZ.N 1 6<.>
#$)UB£
p3"g_JN7<D4 ¡7WQ'&Z4.N 1

 6<.>#$)UB8
p#Zg 6 Q$)UBL 6<.>'a" 
.8
p_D<gZ.T*[%2I(O
p243J6%2gKN 1 6<.>'X"E
pO6gjF*X
@F
_XVgO6 "LYO6,94" .!
ZR243'()68
p‹<f/4"e/*e2E''()6.ZgKN 1 6
<.>'/2./'X"E7WT8
2.4. Bài thực hành số 6.1.4.PDZ'N#4 /?
'%#$£
p3"g_JN7<D4 ¡7WQ'&Z4'N
4e.>?'#
p#Zg,1'NL,33'NL"'#g ?L
L2-(6L*.L<*e2‘888
p_D<gZ.T*[%2†(O
p243J6%2gNYY2
@
 †2
@
L /?'#
[2 @*(B
pO6g@F*X
_XVgO6 "LYO6,94" .!
ZR243'()68
p‹<f/4"e/*e2E''()6.Zg'N4
/?'#'X¤4'/2./"e7WT
C. Ghi nhớ

p_7&#$*/*-)*4;BM8
p_?'%*/'X¤4"eUB
pKN 1<.>#$)*48
@
Bài 2: CHUẨN BỊ THỨC ĂN, NƯỚC UỐNG
Mã bài: MĐ 06 - 02
Mục tiêu:
prY,Z'()7e*EQ)["eUB
pAN '()DQ)
p_e.>'()(;N)
A. Nội dung
1. Lập kế hoạch thức ăn
1.1. Nhu cầu dinh dưỡng của lợn nái
K/@88E,,(sJ6)
Nái Năng lượng
(Kcalo)
Protein Ca (%) P (%) Khoáng tổng số
T.> jFFFpjFIF Ipm  †LF @Lmp@L†
:6 @GFFpjFFF kpI j GLF @LGpjLF
$ jFFFpjFF mpb k GLI jLpjLI
Nhu cầu dinh dưỡng cho lợn nái chửa:
_EQ'J,,(s'&$.6* &8O6:6J6)
6@6'4;E,,(s76,Z6 "2D'
* &J6.6g
Giai đoạn 1g d7*NN'<:6D†khgq()DQE
6'M2D .!4!N'* &.6xT2
Giai đoạn 2g d:6D†I'<7'ihgq()DQE
):6Q"7/@IHjF¥4;6''&?*'J
,,(s$.6* &8O7•.6;6L7N
().6'mIpbF¥7N())B

Nhu cầu dinh dưỡng cho nái nuôi con:
pDQ$E,,(sBDQ)T
.>4:68_EQ/45N()4?()DQ8‹e
*EDQ'i*34N())[2–4& 
J62–
@@
pq()DQ'i6Q,EdD?'<Db8d
D† M'Q[7/QL7$<8
p$dIHbg_%&Q@Hj7¢¢
p$d†HFg_%&QjLIHk7¢¢
p_QkpI.U6¢=X*)Q'()5B4"%6NB8
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1.2. Tiêu chuẩn hữu cơ của thức ăn cho lợn nái
S;Q$UBLDQ%#N-""L7$
:,3DQ.PL2Q (ML?7114.?
7•2%6?8
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R?4;"1(6g
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• #DQg]6'!Z/R?[*(B**UB8§D6'E
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'>6*(B(*/'/2./#"'()/R?[
(B !.54U AhQ()7$*//*e2.<
'P[8_*+*@F¥"DQ/*e2$(O
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1.3. Lập khẩu phần ăn cho lợn nái
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Chỉ tiêu
Các loại lợn
Lợn thịt
10 – 30 kg
Lợn thịt
31 – 60 kg
Lợn thịt
61 – 90 kg
Lợn nái
Nội Lai Nội Lai Nội Lai Nội Lai
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Giai đoạn nuôi con Lượng thức ăn/con/ngày đêm
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