Cấm và hạn chế đình công trong pháp luật lao động Việt Nam Luận văn ThS. Luật

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đại học quốc gia hà nội
khoa luật






PHM TH THU HNG







cấm và hạn chế đình công
trong pháp luật lao động việt nam





luận văn thạc sĩ luật học

Hà nội - 2008

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



Trang


1

Chương 1:  

6
1.1.
Khái quát 
6
1.1.1.

6
1.1.1.1.


6
1.1.1.2.

12
1.1.1.3.

16
1.1.2.

19
1.1.2.1.

19
1.1.2.2.

20
1.2.
M s v  l
22
1.2.1.

22
1.2.2.
, 
24
1.2.3.

26
1.2.4.



29

Chương 2:  
 VÀ TH TI
ÁP D
35
2.1.

37
2.2.1.
Nh

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2.1.2.


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2.1.3.
        

41
2.2.

44
2.2.1.

44
2.2.2.



















47
2.2.2.1.

48
2.2.2.2.

49
2.2.2.3.

51
2.2.2.4.

52

2.2.2.5.












, 





57
2.2.2.6.

61
2.2.3.

64
2.2.3.1.

65

2
2.2.3.2.

67
2.3.
Th ti áp d các quy  v c, h ch  công
t Vi Nam
69




Chương 3:       
       


76
3.1.
Nh xét chung
76
3.2.
 c b 


78
3.2.1.
Gi pháp mang tính  h
78
3.2.2.
Gi pháp c th

80
3.3.
M s ki ngh
82
3.3.1.
V các quy  c pháp lu
82
3.3.2.
V quá trình t ch th hi
95


98


99













3




            
-

Liên 
, 

n


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              




               





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


4





    
 

             

 


 
 -CP
            
             
 


              

 

-CP ngày 08/8/2007 

 
-CP ngày 27/7/       
               
            

5

-
   -         

     -        
hành  
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v 
 


6


-     

.
:
"Pháp luật về đình công và giải quyết đình công ở Việt Nam trong điều kiện
kinh tế thị trường và hội nhập quốc tế" ; 
: "Vấn đề đình công của công nhân ở nước
ta hiện nay" , 
 T


   
 

"Cấm và hạn chế đình công trong pháp luật lao động Việt Nam".
  
Mục đích chung: 
  

 


Mục đích cụ thể: 
- 
- 
- 

7
- 


- 
- 
-             



du- 
Tác gi lu vn s d 



             

Chương 1: .
Chương 2: C
.
Chương 3: 


8
Chương 1
MỘT SỐ VẤN ĐỀ LÝ LUẬN CHUNG
VỀ CẤM, HẠN CHẾ ĐÌNH CÔNG

1.1. KHÁI QUÁT 
1.1.1. 
1.1.1.1. Khái niệm đình công

   nh: h



              

- 

    
        


            


      [28].        
pháp.

          


9


  các  


  








"" 

  
 [57].
Trong      cho r, đình công là
việc những người lao động ngừng công việc hàng loạt với tính chất tạm thời
do có tranh chấp lao động




     

 



10

"Đình công không chỉ bao gồm sự ngừng việc có
phối hợp mà gồm cả lãn công, nghỉ việc hàng loạt, bãi công ngồi, có ý đồ hủy
hoại, tiêu hủy hoặc phá hoại thiết bị, cơ sở sản xuất và những hoạt động
tương tự" [21] 





 



 công, song, 

Trong 
        (1966) mà     
24/9/1982 ghi rõ: "Các thành viên của Công ước cam kết bảo đảm quyền đình
công với điều kiện là quyền này phải được thực hiện phù hợp với luật pháp
của mỗi nước"- - 




cò



 

11


ILO b v quy nh công c ng  trên c s Công 
 qu t s 87 (1948) v các quy t do liên k và quy t ch,
Công  s 98 (1949) v quy t ch và thng l t th. ILO có hai
c c  bi giám sát vn  t do liên k (k c ình công) c ngi lao
 là: U ban v quy t do liên kt c H ng qu tr ILO và H
ng i tra, hoà gii v quy t do liên k. Quan i c ILO v v 

ình công  th hi t trung trong b t kho sát v quy t do liên
k và thng l tp th do U ban các chuyên gia v vi áp d Công
 và khuy ngh c ILO trình bày t H ngh  qu t k h
th 69 (1983).
          



- xã

tâm [47, tr. 31.
 


- 
 





12
Theo quan - 

     
 . Tuy nhiên,

nhân 




:
"


- " [32, tr. 161]
       -         

- 




T các khái ni trên y có th hi ình công theo ngh chung
nh  nh công là hi t ngng vi hoàn toàn (ngg vi tri
) có t ch c t th  

 ích c t th . Tuy nhiên
vi v d khái ni này trong quá trình ban hành pháp lu r th
tr, bi vi gi nguyên hay thu h khái ni trên còn ph thu vào quan
i, l tr và s  hg c m nhà n.

13
 Vi Nam, t i 172 B 2006  a ra khái ni
v ình công nh sau: " công là s ng vic t th, t nguy và có
t ch c t th   gi quy tranh ch t th" [13].
V khái ni này,   coi là ình công ph m b các i ki nh:
Là s ng vi có tính t thi; do nh ng lao  t nguy ti
hành và nh gi quy tranh ch  t th gi nh ng lao
 và ngi s d . y là nh   r quan tr 

phân bi nh công vi lãn công và nh công v bi tình.
Nh v có th nh th, khái ni ình công trong pháp lu lao
 Vi Nam  quy  theo h h hn so v khái ni ình
công theo ngh chung (nh  nêu). i này g ngh v vi n x ra
các tr h ng vi t nh òi yêu sách v m ch th khác
không ph là ng , ho ngg vi không nh gii quy tranh
ch t th thì không  coi là ình công theo quy  c 
 Vi Nam.
1.1.1.2. Các dấu hiệu cơ bản của đình công
* Đình công là sự phản ứng của những người lao động thông qua
hành vi ngừng việc tạm thời.
  


            



             

   

14

  







      
hàn, 
m 



* Đình công do tập thể lao động tự nguyện tiến hành
  

Thứ nhất
Thứ hai

 




 
 
 .

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
          

           




 



Theo tôi, 


 
 

 
 [18, tr. 34]
"
    
""


".
* Đình công được thực hiện có tính tổ chức
Thứ nhất
thứ hai

16

 
t



 


   
 


 
 là 
Trong p quy
. 
ác



  
       

 


 "
 " 

17
* Đình công nhằm mục đích đạt được yêu sách về quyền và lợi ích của
tập thể lao động
M





 


 ó
           









             
    







18
1.1.1.3. Bản chất của đình công
* Dưới góc độ kinh tế - xã hội
nh công  hi là quy kinh t - xã  ng lao ; là
bi pháp  c ng  nh gây s ép   
nhg yêu sách nh  g v l ích kinh t ho l ích ngh nghi. C
th là yêu sách xoay xung quanh v  thu nh (lng, th, các khon

ph  gi làm vi, th gi ngh ngi, b hi xã h, bo h lao
 và các khon phúc l khác ó tng thu nh luôn luôn là v 
nóng b, là nguyên nhân chính c nhi cu ình công. Ng 
ình công yêu c gi ch ph th hi úng các i khon v ngh v
theo lu  ho nh xác l m tho   m v nh i
khon có l hn cho gi th.
nh công  coi là v khí l h nh c t th ; nó
 s d khi các bên thng l hoà gi không thànhình công có
th gây thi h ho e do gây thi h v kinh t cho ng s d nh:
làm ngng tr s xu,  l tr t qu lý doanh nghi, làm gim nng
su, ch l s phm; hn th n hi t này còn có th  h
t uy tín c doanh nghi trên thng tr. Vì l , ch s d b
bu ph  yêu sách (th là yêu sách kinh t) c t th lao
 nh  l nhg l ích kinh t khác to l và lâu dài hn.
* Dưới góc độ pháp lý
h công là quy c ng   pháp lu tha nh. Có
quc gia ghi nh quy ình công trong vn bn pháp lý có giá tr cao nh
là á  C hoà Liên bang , Pháp;  a s các qu gia
khác ghi nh quyn nh công trong  hay các vn bn pháp
lý có giá tr tng ng nh  lu v quan h   c Thái Lan
(1975), Lu v Th t gi quy tranh ch  t th c C hoà

19
Liên bang Nga (1995).  2006 c Vi Nam cng chính th
ghi nh  ình công           




 

     
 


 
            C  

 
và nh 


ình công là 
         tranh      
thành nh
 
 V là hình

  
ích 
  
cho 
 ông. Rõ

20
ràng, 


 

              

 
 


 











              
- 
đình công là sự ngừng việc hoàn toàn (ngừng
việc triệt để), có tổ chức của tập thể lao động nhằm mục đích gây sức ép buộc
giới chủ phải thực hiện những yêu sách gắn với quyền và lợi ích của tập thể
lao động             


21
1.1.2. 
1.1.2.1. Ảnh hưởng tích cực


 


là không khí . i này 
 trong hoàn c h 
ch .
            


 




ình công còn - 




 


h

 Không

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
              

    



-
              tuyên


 
 
1.1.2.2. Ảnh hưởng tiêu cực
Bên 


 

  



 
 và i khác. 
sau  
  nh công.
 


23

, 
ính
     


 

này. Snó 
toàn
. ng 
      

 

 
              
     

 



, 

 




24
, nh

             

     , tuy nhiên,    

              

 
1.2. MỘT SỐ VẤN ĐỀ LÝ LUẬN CHUNG VỀ CẤM, HẠN CHẾ ĐÌNH CÔNG
1.2.1. 

-  và

           ,    
 . Tuy nhiên  
 các  
gia   
 


 [50]. Trong  gi
nói trên. 
khác chính l , ành vi
          
 mãn   ti 
 
n; 
   