QUẢN TRỊ RỦI RO THỊ TRƯỜNG TẠI NGÂN HÀNG THƯƠNG MẠI THEO BASEL

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QUN TR RI RO TH TRƯNG
TI NGÂN HNG THƯƠNG MI THEO BASEL
  !"#
$%&'$()$*+ $%&,
TP.HCM, tháng 12/2014
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QUN TR RI RO TH TRƯNG TI NGÂN HNG THƯƠNG MI
$-*.-')$#
/$-**+&
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2$8:1"Hb8$3
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B$V($B$,$0.,$`*"G\
] c#.*F("$1$+ >(#!?$8-H).,$`*3
] d1$G+ >.90$$B$,.,$`*-H
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h
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6Xe"9$!'$6Fe"9$3MJ;$16;"GH:
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$BJH::*<$g$` 4_J;$$16;!
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:*<J"F$/.,BJ*<:*<TB8!
.961*+$:*<;$1$$01$T$8*+$$I;#C
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$J;F ",3
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c9 1C$;:*<$0*%)"F$[M==MM%$V:
*<$0 1CT<$1$$B$,2C$4$==MM!I&
MMMd 1C!?!@133T6);GI".8$`$"F$H
:==MM$g$.(I3
fAjMkHG)$1$(F#!"F$H
:!11$g*B*< 1 b$g1$;G)H:
==MM($1$AjML3
]+'$L#'$R#'*E(>-!VW'P$$P$'$8'9:#S@X*H<'S'Y#*-
A*% `-?J6$8F#B".961$01$96);
$?!@133$1$AjMLT$;"F$H:==MM3
A$`) $8;F#.961?!@1H8$8C*
$1$H):G$D?$1$6-Md8"MA+C1 /0
$(-:*<.J(1(#*<'$3A-b
$"F$G$D!?.961\$"!"."*+$
(?$".!"3A).91@1!
l
AT(1(F*<PU?@1!V@1
"*+$()A.91@1ATC(1(F
P?@1!V@13

Q*E#.7'85*!'$8'9:#'$Z![6HZ@
/ L'()%'$Z!. N8$[6HZ@
M474!Z#9$8Z#$ `"+&("#$ ""#6
"#$I6"#$ 3M-4H:7411:
*<$ _ $1$Aj0- `"#$ R>$1$+ ,;$(
,$0$.9&!48Aj$DK.,"#$ RC# 8"2:*<3Z#
$ R6:2(hmn"#$ .OC# 8"2:*<!e
$D$8o!hn:*<$`"#$ 63A)$8"#$ 6$
:*<!"#$ R$g6:$ #4@F2(hmn"#$ 3
M@F"# ≥on3ZF$01-$`"##"2:*<*+$
9$F6S$1$ `*2$0:*<"23h"$;")H
$8*I/0.,3
M"##74p
dq=r=kq
0.,
s3htf
(;
stf
:*<
uon
M8\
=kq
0.,
\M$1$$8##"20.,
f
(;
\L/$;"##"2(;
f
:*<
\L/$;"##"2:*<

d1$+(*+$) ""#$ Rv?$1$GF\B
$`6!+ ,;$"$8e",`!<1(
6`#C!B *2$<1(3B $
#$"?$0)1(*<+ Aj$*(/$"#-$`#
C3=:*<*+$*< 6)6S1:Z="4
w
2$9\#T$-T.7'85*!'$8'9:#'$Z![6HZ@
2/$9\#T$-T)$]0'6E6E*HZETT!6)$1
x-$`#"2:*<*+$4_"2E)#6>\
?!(1"#!@1!83
2//5*!@X*H<'.6);6+$?#"2 !1
:"1:+ $3
61 P$'$^))565*!@X*H<'
Rủi ro giá 1?:*<!1::*<$$1$1 )
"$1$$""2?$#:Aj&y13M1 )"
$1$$"$8<(1($.J/$1$23
Rủi ro tái đầu tư:?:*<!)Aj $ `*>
"#$J"&Mc2"2/$< I3
>1 _$$9M#)565*!@X*H<'*%6+) $g*1:
)$3
Khía cạnh thu nhập()/$;"#"P$:*<3
Khía cạnh giá trị kinh tế*%)1:)$$1$$8!+
"$1$(1(6$.;#H'$6F$$1$$
B!?("$1$$IH113z1:)$;$B$,111:
F($$1$>G`.9)!*+$$)C 1?:*<3
A8;I!1:)$;$8C*+$$1:F($$1$
>G`$!*+$:e$1$>G.9)#"2
$8E$1$>G.9)#"2+$;"2>G`.9)#
"2$1$(1(63
N0$(1:)$80)G*%$?#

"21:F($>G*I!8$$ $1J.FI
"GG*%.($?"20$( 3
o
Các tổn thất ngầmd1$0$("G "1:) "&
*I*%*))JJ$0$3
f11/$;?{"$8$ !
$`$$$*%$?H1/#"2JJ
$0*I3Y'$6F!&$B$,B*+$:14:*<$8
C$8&+`.&6);$?H1/3
Z0.,!;".($8?$#:*+$b)? "8
*+$+6S$1$+$8?$I!<($P($8C
$1$>9$$3
)1 # 4'`)#*-&H-'5*!@X*H<')56
M474!z11$;>H:"61#$#"2?
!6>h-$\
 j;>H:;$` -.F$1$$)*+$"
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F$1$6*2$$`)C4.^"C1$1$4$1$$)*+$"
$01$?*+$ -.F3j;>H:$`*+$B61*<-"G
?$C11"F$4.^"C1&4
*2.|$;>H:"G/$$8C$ 3
\71#$ 6S$I$(;$
"/$;?1$:*+$HbFH!$1$$0
1$",$*+$) CC1"($)&!"$1$>9$
$8{C11"C1?3
d1$$`H:^$1$$1"}'$$1$@6$:
1$FHb?"6S$89 :^F",
$1$)#$0$H1JHbC1G;+0$3
A$`$8$1$6; *<!4.^"C1"2F",^
";$ "2$1$6; .$"61$19$) $

61#$";>H:3d1$2 /$( I $8
~
I":;$ $-1$$:1$F"G))"Hb$1$6; 
*<!4.^"C1?3
d1$$01$",$"G?$$`*+$H
:^"#"26$"/$; /$( $$1$(;3A&$0
1$$`*+$1 .,F#"(E$1!'$6F$8
&1$6F"G 1 b"%(#"2>$$C"#&$1$$13
A$`1$:$1$$1$ •"(;
2"6S&S ("$1$,$"C1`
*2$*+$K.,9$F3ZF$($)$1$1)Hb
$`*+$;>H:@69$;$ -.F*2$3
d1$$`$8$1$F#*<?6
*+$>?"11*+$*%$&?
4$1$#"2 ("(;3A&:$$1$F#$`
*+$$1$"-Hb"?(C^3
d1$$`) "1 .,$1$2((;"$1$
BF1$C.J ("$1$/$#"2$1$$01$;
6;3
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$$&)H) "11$1$$01$"2(#"2
?3
d1$$`$8F#B`C*<!4.^!
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H:!61#$"$E?(6; .3
d1$$`$8F#C1;6;`#"2H1
JHb?3L;6; $I6$F#C1;6;C
"11;$ "G0FH$F#"$`)!6K
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$*<F#3f)HC$`*+$$$ $$1$$IH11
-H3
d1$$IH11$`$8B`": <E$1$
C11/$;?$$1$3MB$`0
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." .3
d1$$`$8"#*I/"2/$;?
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Bảng 1: Công cụ đáo hạn
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R]l R]l m3an 
l] l] m3wn 
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‚m m3l] ln m3l
]m on m3l

‚m 3hn m3l
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1&$B$,$0"2;/$?*+$v"B
$"F$$C$/1";*+$v*I3
sATNe#@X*H<''9\#@6*+ >61;#*+$/1
$B$,$01$(;<C1$:*I!"2;/$1
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1 6);1"$#3
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C9$F;.:$*+$("2.:$6`*2$+ >)(3
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*I!"2/$1*+$1$:(<Cv+ >3
=$,C":*<$9$F.:$(6\
z.:$1GF"?!+ >X(?!+ >#1X
("+ >?*ITB$:$ 0$,C3
Bảng 2: Tổng hợp các phương pháp phái sinh lãi suất
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j+ >#1*I
d/1+$0  fB d":)*<"
d/1+.F d8 d":)*<"
dD#?Up7‰= fB d":)*<"
j+ >X(‰Md
d/1+$0  fB d":)*<"
d/1+.F d8 d":)*<"
dD#?Up7‰= fB d":)*<"
j+ >X(?!j+ 
>1?

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j+ >@1X( fB d":)*<"V(GF
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d/1+$0  fB M($"2$1$":)6C-H\
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]LBJ;6;
d/1+.F
dD#?
j+ >X(?!j+ 
>1?
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d 0:*<$.9"W.4
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