Thuyết minh đồ án môn kết cấu nhà

 
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BỘ GIAO THÔNG VẬN TẢI
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CÔNG NGHỆ GIAO THÔNG VẬN TẢI
KHOA CÔNG TRÌNH

ĐỒ ÁN MÔN HỌC
CHUYÊN NGÀNH XÂY DỰNG DÂN DỤNG VÀ CÔNG NGHIỆP

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GIÁO VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN : VŨ ĐÌNH THƠ
SINH VIÊN THỰC HIỆN : NGUYỄN VIẾT LĂNG
LỚP : 64DLDD01
-./0123
.4567.89
9
9
 
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GIỚI THIỆU CÔNG TRÌNH
1. Giới thiệu kiến trúc
:2;<23=0>2??@A3B1C>2?
<23=0>2?D4BEFGH<7=I23J;1K9LJMHJCNO;PQGRS23=TB)UN23
:2JV2?N23:2U
W=XBYFCNO;Z[R\23X@]^=;_F`a23`:=<23;b==?c5J=TK2:22?d23
`N4;;e=0e230fB=?<23=?Kg23J=?h;??O5;?KDBY;`b=0h]?<233B12=0K23

2?@J2?N23Di2;j=?k;?B12?lJ5?\;D\;?K;g;5?m23;?n;2o230B:23
`a23;g;Dg;?23o2U
?n;2o23;p1;g;=I23CNO;5?Q2?O5XqD@0r0@23
g;=I23CNO;Rs23X@HDo223pJ5?m23X@HDBY;J5?m23]?g;?JUU
2. Tìm hiểu các giải pháp thiết kế công trình
2.1. Giải pháp về hình khối
BtB5?g5Hu=`a23
BtB5?g5Hu=Cn23
vHu=Cn23J;<23=0>2?CNO;5?g==0Bk2X:2;1KHe=;g;?XB:2=\;D@Cw2
CBYF]?<23;jZS=?1GCxBCe=23e=2?@=?yK;?BvF;1KRKCj]?<233QG01
2?d23`B:2CeR1KCe23X42=W5=0F23ACjUFG2?B:2;<23=0>2?Di2=TK01
CNO;He=ZS;Q2CbB;I2=?B^=UBY;=x;?n;?>2?]?bB;<23=0>2?Cw23Bt2J
0r0@23U
3. Giải pháp về các hệ thống kĩ thuật chính trong nhà
3.1. Giao thông
9;IF=?123`e;j;?n;2o23=?Kg=?BkHD@CBXTB
3.2. Điều hoà thông gió và chiếu sáng
*[R\23?Y=?b23CBvF?K@]?<23]?h;\;`eCNO;P[XqD@X@HXT2?
=?yK?Y=?b23CNz23b23;?TG=?yK;IF=?123=?yK5?Nw23=?{23Cn23JD@
;?TG=0K23=0I2=?yK5?Nw23231235?Q2`bC^2;g;D|=0h=B:F=?\U
-./0123
.4567.89
L
L
 
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Y=?b23;?B^FZg23;?K;<23=0>2?;}23CNO;]^=?O5=~;?B^FZg23
2?Q2=TKD4B;?B^FZg23=S2?B:2U?<233B12=I239J;g;5?m23X@HDBY;D@
?Y=?b233B1K=?<23;?h2?=0:2;g;=I23CvFCNO;=W2R\23?^=]?t2o23
;?B^FZg23=S2?B:2=?<23EF1;g;;[1]h2?`b=0h`:223K@BU

3.3. Cấp điện
0123=?B^=`|CBY2=0K23;<23=0>2?CNO;X•5CIGCp=0K23;g;5?m235?s
?O5D4B;?n2o23Z[R\23JCtH`tK]€=?FW=JDW2?@2?12=K@2UQGRi2
CBY2=0K235?m23CNO;Cu=23IH;jX45Dl;g;?CBY212=K@2UQGRi2=?yK
5?Nw23Cn23CNO;Cu==0K23;g;?e5]€=?FW=UBY2;?K;<23=0>2?CNO;X_G
=~XN4BCBY2;p1?FGY2J23K@B01CkCv5?m23H_=CBY2;m2`b=0hHe=HgG
5?g=CBY2RS5?m23CtH`tK;<23ZF_=;F23;_5;?K=K@22?@UY=?b23`gK
;?gG2eB`eJCBY2=?KTBJCBY2`gKJB2=y02y=CNO;`b=0h?O5XqU
3.4. Cấp và thoát nước
_52N4;3F•2;F23;_52N4;X_G=~2?@HgG2N4;=SZt2PF_==0K23
=0Nz23UY=?b23;_5=?Kg=2N4;H‚B=I23CNO;`b=0h=0K23b23]€=?FW=
2aHA;e==0K233j;]?FDYZB2?U
?Kg=2N4;ƒ1K3•H=?Kg=2N4;Hu=D@=?Kg=2N4;=?tBZB2??KT=U
„?Kg=2N4;Hu=CNO;=?S;?BY22?z?Y=?b23Z:2<Ri22N4;=~`12
;<23D@HgB=?yK;g;Cz23b232aHA3j;;e=;?tGPFb23?Y=?b23=?Kg=
2N4;=K@22?@0•B;?tG01?Y=?b23=?Kg=2N4;;p1=?@2?5?bU
„?Kg=2N4;=?tBZB2??KT=2N4;=?tBZB2??KT==~;g;]?FDYZB2?=0:2
;g;=I23CNO;Ri2D@K;g;Cz23b23R_2=0K23;g;?e5]€=?FW=R_F=0K23
2?@DYZB2?PFb23C^2=I23=0Y=JZ1FCj2N4;=?tBCNO;C1D@K`kP[XqAR4B
=I23?IH0•B=~CQGCNO;Ri201?Y=?b23=?Kg=2N4;;?F23;p1=?@2?5?bU
3.5. Cứu hoả
?B^=`|;?d1;?gGCNO;`b=0hAH‚B=I23D@H‚B5?m23Uk5?m23
;?b23?Kt?KT2;?K;<23=0>2?=0:2;g;=I23CvF`b=0h?…23;nF?KtD@;g;
`>2?;nF?Kt;IH=1G2?aH2?12?;?j23RW5=•=CgH;?gG]?BH4B`•=CIFU
N4;CNO;X_G=~=0:2;g;`kPFb23Uv=?Kg=23zB]?B;j;?gGJ?Y=?b23
3B1K=?<23Cn23X@L;IF=?123`eU0K23X•23=?123`b=0hCBY2;?B^FZg23
=SCe23J?Y=?b23=?<233BjCe23XS;JCk;?b2323T=U
-./0123
.4567.89
†

†
 
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PHẦN KẾT CẤU
I. THIẾT KẾ KẾT CẤU CÔNG TRÌNH
1. Tổng quan về thiết kế kết cấu công trình
9U9 Lựa chọn vật liệu
W=XBYFPQG;I2;j;Nz23Ce;1KJ=0…23XNO232?lJ]?t2o23;?b23;?gG
=b=
?@;1K=I23=?Nz23;j=tB=0…230_=X422^FZ[R\23;g;XKTBDW=XBYF=0:2
=TKCBvF]BY23BtHCNO;Cg23]k=tB=0…23;?K;<23=0>2?]k;t=tB=0…23
Cn23;}232?=tB=0…2323123RKXS;EFg2=h2?U
W=XBYF;j=h2?`B^2RT23;1KU?t2o23`B^2RT23R‡K;1K;j=?k`x
ZF23;?K=h2?2o23;?|FXS;=?_5U
W=XBYF;j=h2?=?KgB`B^2=?_5;j=g;R\230_==b=]?B;?|F;g;=tB=0…23
Xu5XTBˆCe23C_=J3Bj`fK‰
W=XBYF;j=h2?XBv2]?bB;1K;j=g;R\23=0K23=0Nz23?O5=tB=0…23;j
=h2?;?_=Xu5XTB]?<23`|=g;?0zB;g;`e5?W2;p1;<23=0>2?U
W=XBYFRŠ;?^=TKD@3Bg=?@2??O5Xh
0K23CBvF]BY2=TBBY=1H?BY221G=?>DW=XBYF`:=<23;b==?c5?Ku;
DW=XBYF=?c5X@;g;XKTBDW=XBYFC123CNO;;g;2?@=?B^=]^Z[R\235?x`B^2
=0K23;g;]^=;_F2?@;1K=I23U
1.2. Hình dạng công trình và sơ đồ bố trí kết cấu
9 Sơ đồ mặt bằng, sơ đồ kết cấu
?@;1K=I23=?Nz23;jHu=`a23Cw23Bt2J=b=2?_=X@XS1;?…22?d23
?>2?;j=h2?;?_=CbBPn23;1KU0K23=0Nz23?O523NO;XTB;<23=0>2?;I2
CNO;5?Q201;g;5?I2]?g;2?1FCkH‚B5?I2CvF;j?>2?RT23Cw23Bt2U
g;`e5?W2;?|FXS;;?h2?;p12?@;1K=I232?NDg;?XrB;}23;I25?tB
CNO;`b=0hCbBPn23U0K23=0Nz23?O5;g;]^=;_FDg;?XrB]?<23=?k`b=0h
CbBPn23=?>;I25?tB;j`BY25?g5Cu;`BY=Ck;?b23PK•2;?K;<23=0>2?

=?yK5?Nw23Cn23U
-./0123
.4567.89
7
7
 

Y=?b23]^=;_F;I2CNO;`b=0hX@HZ1KCk=0K23H‚B=0Nz23?O5=tB
=0…23ZwC•X@HDBY;;p1;g;]^=;_F0r0@23HT;?XT;D@=0FGv2He=;g;?
H1F;?j232?_==4BHj23;<23=0>2?U
0g2?Rs23;g;ZwC•]^=;_F;j;g2?Hl23D@]^=;_FRT23;<23PK2
=?yK5?Nw2323123D>;g;XKTB]^=;_F2@GRŠ`|5?g?KTBR4B=g;R\23;p1
Ce23C_=D@3Bj`fKU
9 Theo phương đứng
e;n23;p1]^=;_F=?yK5?Nw23=?{23Cn23;I25?tBCNO;=?B^=]^=
3BtHRI2X:25?h1=0:2U
I2=0g2?ZS=?1GCxBCe;n23;p1?Y]^=;_FCe=23e=ˆ2?NX@HDBY;
=?<23=I23?Ku;3BtH;e=;}232?N=?B^=]^RT23?i23;?Q2JRT233BW=;_5‰
0K23=0Nz23?O5Cu;`BY=2jB=0:223NzB=?B^=]^;I25?tB;j`BY25?g5
=h;?;S;X@H;n23=?Q2?Y]^=;_FCk=0g2?ZS5?g?KTBA;g;Ds23PF23G^FU
1.3. Lựa chọn giải pháp kết cấu
9 Cơ sở để tính toán kết cấu.
o2;nD@K3BtB5?g5]B^2=0‹;D@?•Zw]B^2=0‹;U
o2;nD@K=tB=0…23=g;R\23ˆLM†M9ŒŒ•‰U
o2;nD@K=B:F;?FŽ2J;?VRi2J=@BXBYFCNO;`12?@2?U
o2;nD@K;_F=TK`:=<23;b==?c5D@;g;DW=XBYFU
)?Nw23g2Z@2
0K23;<23=0>2??YZ@2;jt2??NA230_=X42=4BZSX@HDBY;]?<233B12
;p1]^=;_FUBY;XS1;?…25?Nw23g2Z@2?O5XqX@CBvF0_=EF12=0…23UK
DWG;I25?tB;jZS5?Q2=h;?C‹23CkXS1;?…2015?Nw23g25?s?O5D4B]^=

;_F;p1;<23=0>2?U
1Pc=;g;5?Nw23g2Z@2Z1F
*@2ZNz2=K@2]?bB
_F=TK`1K3•H?YRIHD@`t2Z@2
-./0123
.4567.89
•
•
 

•FCBkH
h2?=Kg2Cw23Bt2JCNO;Z[R\235?x`B^2A2N4;=1D4B;<23
23?Y=?B;<235?K235?‹2:2=?FW2=BY2;?KDBY;XS1;?…2;<2323?Y=?B
;<23U
?NO;CBkH
?BvF;1KRIHD@CeDr23;p1`t2Z@20_=X42]?BDNO=]?ŽFCe
X42JRi2C^2;?BvF;1K=I23;p1;<23=0>2?X422:23QG`_=XOB;?K]^=;_F
;<23=0>2?]?B;?|F=tB=0…2323123D@]?<23=B^=]BYH;?B5?hDW=XBYFU
?<23=B^=]BYH]?<233B12Z[R\23U
*@2<;z
_F=TK3•H?YRIHDF<233j;D4B2?1F=?yK?1B5?Nw23J;?B1`t2
Z@2=?@2?;g;<`t2]:`b2;T2?;j2?|5`cJ=?yKG:F;IF;_F=TK]?Kt23
;g;?3Bd1;g;RIH]?<23EFgLHU
•FCBkH
0g2?CNO;;jEFg2?BvF;e=`:2=0K232:2=B^=]BYHCNO;
]?<233B12Z[R\23D@;j]B^2=0‹;C•5J=?h;??O5D4B;g;;<23=0>2?G:F;IF
=?ŽHH€;1KD@]?<233B12Z[R\23X422??eB=0Nz23J;QFXT;`eU
?NO;CBkH
?<23=B^=]BYHJ=?B;<235?n;=T5Uu=]?g;J]?BHu=`a23Z@2
EFg0e23;I25?tB`b=0h=?:H;g;RIH;?h2?U>DWGJ2j;}23]?<23=0g2?

CNO;2?d23?T2;?^RK;?BvF;1KRIH;?h2?5?tB;1KCk3BtHCeDr23U
*@2]?<23RIHˆZ@22_H‰
_F=TK3•H;g;`t2]:=0S;=B^5X:2;e=U
•FCBkH
?BvF;1K]^=;_F2?l2:23BtHCNO;;?BvF;1K;<23=0>2?
B^=]BYHCNO;]?<233B12Z[R\23
Š5?Q2;?B1]?<233B12
-./0123
.4567.89
6
6
 

?h;??O5D4B2?d23;<23=0>2?;j]?ŽFCeD~1ˆ6÷‘H‰
?NO;CBkH
h2?=Kg25?n;=T5
?B;<235?n;=T5
^=XFW2
o2;nD@K
u;CBkH]B^2=0‹;D@Cu;CBkH]^=;_FJ=tB=0…23;p1;<23=0>2?U
wZA5?Q2=h;?Zw`eA=0:2U
NO;ZSC•23q;p1=?IG3BgK?N423Ri2U
’HXS1;?…25?Nw23g2Z@2ZNz2=K@2]?bBCk=?B^=]^;?K;<23
=0>2?U
9 Hệ kết cấu chịu lực.
<23=0>2?X@?1B]?bB;1K=I233•H;j7=I232xBJ;?BvF;1K=h2?=~
;b=8J88C^2CV2?HgBX@9LJMHUu=`a23;<23=0>2??>2??>2?;?d2?W=
;j]h;?=?4;7JLPL8J†HU
<23=0>2?;j9=?123`e2:2]^=;_FRs23Ck=h2?=Kg2;j=?kX@?Y
]^=;_F]?F23

u;CBkH;p1?Y]^=;_F]?F23
j]?t2o23=TK01]?<233B12X@HDBY;X42J=?h;??O5D4B;g;;<23=0>2?
;<23;e23D@?Y]^=;_F]?F23;jZwC•X@HDBY;RŠR@23J
Y]^=;_F]?F23=?Nz23CNO;Rs23;?K;g;;<23=0>2?;j;?BvF;1KC^2
L8=I23CbBD4BDs23Ce23CQ=2?l?w2;_5MJ9•=I23D4BDs23;_5‘D@98
=I23D4BDs23;_5Œ
-./0123
.4567.89
M
M
 

9U7U Phương pháp tính toán hệ kết cấu.
*wC•=h2?X@?>2?t2?Cw23Bt2?Kg;p1;<23=0>2?JCNO;XW501;?pG^F
2?aH=?S;?BY2?Kg]?t2o23=h2?=Kg2;g;]^=;_F5?n;=T5U?NDWGD4B
;g;?=h2?=?p;<23J23NzB=?B^=]^`Fe;5?tBRs23;g;ZwC•=h2?=Kg2Cw2
3Bt2J;?_52?W2DBY;;?B1;•=]^=;_F=?@2?;g;5?I22?l?w2`a23;g;?`l
EF1;g;XB:2]^=]?<233B12U•23=?zBZSX@HDBY;;p1DW=XBYF;}23CNO;
Cw23Bt2?KgJ;?K0a232jX@HDBY;=0K233B12CKT2C@2?•BJ=FQ2=?yKC|2?
XFW=KK]yU0K233B1BCKT2?BY221GJ2?zZS5?g==0Bk2HT2?H“;p1HgG
=h2?CBY2=[JCf;j2?d23=?1GCxBEF12=0…23=0K23;g;?2?>22?W25?Nw23
5?g5=h2?=Kg2;<23=0>2?U?FG2??N423Cu;=?s?KgD@Cw23Bt2?Kg;g;
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Hu=`a23L5?Nw23;p1;<23=0>2?;?:2?2?1F]?gX42J2?232?|5]?F23]?g

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X@HDBY;=?yKL5?Nw23U
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9U•U Tải trọng
9 Tải trọng đứng
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9U6 . Nội lực và chuyển vị

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21GD@CNO;n23R\23]?g0e230fBCk=h2?=Kg2]^=;_F;<23=0>2?U
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9UMU Tổ hợp và tính cốt thép
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3. Xác định tải trọng tác dụng lên công trình
3.1 Tĩnh tải tác dụng lên công trình
3.1.1 Tĩnh tải sàn
ž2?=tBZ@2`1K3•H=0…23XNO23`t2=?Q2`t2Z@2`a23ƒˆ5?I2
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3.2. Hoạt tải:
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=I232?NZ1F
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*@2Œ ƒ12;<23JZt2? †88 9JL †68
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3.3. Xác định tải trọng gió.
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3Bj=h2?=?@2?5?I2=ž2?
3.2.1 Thành phần gió tĩnh
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7U9U Chọn vật liệu
7ULU Vật liệu dùng:
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7ULU9U Chiều dày sàn
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7ULULU Phân loại các ô sàn
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