đánh giá khả năng tăng trọng của heo con sau cai sữa (giai đoạn từ 2856 ngày tuổi) tại khu chăn nuôi tập trung thành đội cần thơ



  











  A
HEO CON SAU CAI 
28-I) TI 






C
NGÀNH  - THÚ Y

2013


  







  A
HEO CON SAU CAI 
28-I) TI 
N TH




 
 - THÚ Y















2013


  







  A
HEO CON SAU CAI 
28-I) TI 


 tháng 









, ngày tháng 


 tháng 


i

L











ii



lên,  



 Anh Khoa 
       
này.




tru
  




















iii



Li cam  i
Li c ii
 v
 vi

 vii
 viii

 1

C 3
2.1 Ging heo 3
2.1.1 Heo Yorkshire 3
2.1.2 Heo Landrace 4
 4
2.2 Mt s m sinh lý ca heo con 5
  5
 6
2.2. 6
 7
 8
2.3 Nhu cng ca heo con 9
2.3.1 Nhu cng 9
2.3.2 Nhu cu protein và acid amin 10
2.3.3 Nhu cu cht khoáng 11
2.3.4 Nhu cu vitamin 12
2.3.5 Nhu cu v cht béo 14
2.3.6 Nhu cu v c 14
2.4 Mt s yu t t ng ca heo con 14
 14
 15
 17
 18
2.4.5   20

  21
3.1 n 22
3.1.1  22
 22
 22
 24
 24
 25
 25
3.2 Pu 26


iv

 26
 26
 27
 27
 28

 29
4.1 Ghi nhn tng quát 29
4.2 ng ca ging ca heo nghiên cu 30
 30
 31
 32
 33
4.3 ng ca s l ng ca heo nghiên cu 33
 33
nh  34

4.4 ng cng ca heo nghiên cu 36
4.5 ng ca ging ca heo nghiên
cu 37
4.6 T l tiêu chy ca heo nghiên cu theo ging 39

: Kt lu ngh 41
 41
 41

Tài li 43
 45
 1
 1
   1
 1
 1
   1
 1
   1
LI CAM OAN i
LI C ii
 v
2.9:  
1
3 v

16 v
2.13:  17 v
 vi
 vii

 viii


v

 1
theo dõi s  trng và phát trin c
sau cai sa thuc 3 nhóm gii s ng c
 l, thn các yu t: t ng, h s chuyn
hóa th 2
:  3
2.1 Ging heo 3
2.1.1 Heo Yorkshire 3
2.1.2 Heo Landrace 4
Hình 2.2: Heo Landrace 4
 4
2.2 Mt s m sinh lý ca heo con 5
 5


(Vũ Đình
Tôn và Trần Thị Thuận, 2005)
 



 5

 6
 6

 6
 6
(Nguồn: Nguyễn Thanh Sơn và Nguyễn Quế Côi, 2005) 6
 6
êu hóa 7
 7
 8
2.3 Nhu cng ca heo con 9
2.3.1 Nhu cng 9

 
(Trương Lăng, 1999). 9
 10
 10
(Nguồn: Nguyễn Thiện, 2008) 10
2.3.2 Nhu cu protein và acid amin 10
  11
2.3.3 Nhu cu cht khoáng 11

VCK) 12
2.3.4 Nhu cu vitamin 12


vi


VCK) 13
2.3.5 Nhu cu v cht béo 14
2.3.6 Nhu cu v c 14
2.4 Mt s yu t ng ca heo con 14

 14
 15

 16
 17
 17
 17
 18
 22
3.1 n 22
 22
 22
 22
 24
 24

- 2 (9024)). 25
 25
 25
 25


- 26
 26
u 26
 26
 26

 26
 27

iêu theo dõi 27
Khng toàn  cai sa 28
 28
 29
4.1 Ghi nhn tng quát 29
4.2 Kt qu ng ca ging ca heo nghiên
cu 30
 30
 31
 32
 33
4.3 Kt qu v ng ca s l ng ca heo nghiên cu 33
 33


vii

 34
4.4 Kt qu ng cng ca heo nghiên cu 36
4.5 Kt qu ng ca ging ca heo nghiên
cu 37
4.6 T l tiêu chy ca heo nghiên cu theo ging 39
T LU NGH 41
 41
 41

-  44

v



1:  6
2:   6
3:  6
4:  7
5:  10
:  10
: K 11
:  12
2.9: itamin hàn 13
2.10:  15
2.11:  
16
2.12:  17
2.13:  17
: 
-2 (9024)) 25
: Quy trình  25
: Quy trình tiêm phòng cho heo c 26
 và   30
  34
  34
 và  36

 38
  39
















vi

DA

Hình 2.1: Heo nái  3
Hình 2.2: Heo nái Landrace 4
H  22
Hình 3.2:  23
 23
Hình 3.4:   23
 24
 24

 25
 26
  31
Hình 4.2TTTL theo nhóm g 32
Hình 4.3  32
Hình 4.4TTTL  35
Hình 4.5  36
Hình 4.6 40



vii



AA Acid amin
 
LY 
NT 
 
 ng i
TTTL 
 
 
VCK 
Vit Vitamin
YL 
YLY (

viii

TÓM 
 

.   heo con sau
        nuôi heo  
  
.
-  có ng là 7,2 kg ±0,19 kg/con.
- NT2:  
-  

heo con (8-15 kg) Winner,.

gian 7h; 9h; 11h; 13h30; 15h30 và 17h30.
 
  /con, NT2 là 14,1 kg/con
và NT3 là 14,4 kg/con (P<0,01).

  
và NT3 là 7,7 kg/con. 
 t 

 g/con/ngày.
NT1         78,5%),    
(68,6%) và 73,2%)
(P<0,01).
 NT1 là 3,77%, NT2 là 4,32% và NT3 là 3,94%.

 
 


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: 



 nói chung và  nói riêng 
    và nó còn là
 
C               
   . Và        
dùng  
 
(Bộ Nông nghiệp và Phát triển nông thôn, 2008).
 


 



 

 
(Phạm Sỹ Tiệp, 2006).
 

-




               

 
uôi-Khoa Nông n-
h:   
con - 



2

 theo dõi s ng và phát trin ca heo 
sau cai sa thuc 3 nhóm ging YL, LY và YLY i s ng ca
s l, thn các yu t: t ng, h s chuyn hóa
th              .

3

: 
2.1 Ging heo
2.1.1 Heo Yorkshire

 Là  -
 kích

    (Nguyễn Ngọc Tuân và Trần
Thị Dân, 2000).
 Hình 2.1):

 

              
(Nguyễn Ngọc Tuân và Trần Thị Dân, 2000).
( Nguồn: www.fwi.co.uk)
Hình 2.1: Heo Yorkshire
H              
dòng cái 
. , 
n. Bình quân heo
nái có 12-- 
--13
kg/con. Heo - 52-
55% (Lê Hồng Mận, 2006). 






4

2.1.2 Heo Landrace
 nêm,
   -17
 (Hình 2.2
 
(Nguyễn Ngọc Tuân và Trần Thị Dân, 2000).
(Nguồn: www.cedarridgegenetics.com)
Hình 2.2: Heo Landrace
Heo , he-8 tháng 
-110 kg. Heo nái có 12--
--100 kg,
54-56% (Lê Hồng Mận, 2006).
2.1ng heo lai
Nguyễn Ngọc Tuân và Trần Thị Dân (2000) 

          


Yorkshire) cho ra nái 2 
andrace) 
 
 con
lai là heo   (Võ Văn
Ninh, 2006).

Trương Lăng và Nguyễn Hiền (2000) 
-
l-57% và tiê 3,8-
   Nam.


5

Heo lai ( Yorkshire x  Landrace) 
           
nhanh 6--
cho 1 kg t-57
Heo lai Yorkshire   
(Lê Hồng Mận, 2002).
Trương Lăng (2000)  
Y
--57
3,8-4,2 kg cho 1 
2.2 M
2.2 và 
nh ra thì  
              (Trần Cừ,
1972). - 

-
sinh (Nguyễn Thiện và Võ Trọng Hốt, 2007).
Trần Cừ (1972) trong quá trình    
  
- 


 
(Trần Cừ, 1972). -11 mg

            -9 mg
Fe/con/ngày (Trương Lăng, 2007).
-               

 heo con (Trần Cừ, 1972).
              
              
 (Vũ
Đình Tôn và Trần Thị Thuận, 2005). K nh:
n
 


6

 
    
 
: 
 (ngày)
21-35
35-49
49-70

250
450
600

Theo công ty quốc tế Alltech của Mỹ (2005)  

:  
 (ngày)
21
35
49
70
(kg/con)
7,0
10,5
17,0
30
2.2


-(Trần Thị Dân,
2006).
Heo con cai 
(Jeon et al., 2005)
Nguyễn Thanh Sơn và Nguyễn Quế Côi (2005)  

g 2.3: N
 heo


o
C)

o

C)

35
32-38
Heo 2-5 kg
30
27-32
Heo 5-20 kg
27
24-30
(Nguồn: Nguyễn Thanh Sơn và Nguyễn Quế Côi, 2005)
2.2.3  con
Nguyễn Thiện và Võ Trọng Hốt (2007)  

 
 
                 
             -19% protein.
-globulin -45%), -globulin

.


7


ng mãi

 sau khi



(Nguyễn Thiện và Võ Trọng Hốt, 2007).
          
g 
 
               45%
glucid, 50% protein, 20-25
% protein. -15% (Trương
Lăng, 2003).
2.2.4 
Nguyễn Thiện và Võ Trọng Hốt (2007)  




:  heo con



h


2,5 ml
1815 ml


100 ml
6000 ml



40 ml
2100 ml

(Nguồn: Nguyễn Thiện và Võ Trọng Hốt, 2007)
2.2
Trương Lăng (2000)     



2.2
Vũ Đình Tôn và Trần Thị Thuận (2005)  k

-



8



H
-
 
-30 ngày tu-
 
dày còn có các lcid lactic, acetic và propionic 

             
 (Trương Lăng, 2003).
2.2.4.3 

 có  
  dung tích 40-50 ml, 20 ngày là 100 ml
            
 tính enzyme
-u hóa trong
    mino peptidase, dipeptidase, lipase và amylase. Trong
-1,7 lít
            n 2

(Trần Thị Dân, 2006).
2.2.5 
Trương Lăng (2003) heo con ong

2.2.5.1 Nhng bii v tiêu hoá




 
(Trần Cừ, 1972).
2.2.5
,
        m m    . Theo
Trương Lăng (1999)         


9

làm cho heo con 


 

(Trần Thị Dân, 2006)
               

-
-. kích
 
 nhanh (Trương
Lăng, 2000).
2.2.5
 
- v, 
 
 eo (Trần Thị Dân, 2006).
- i 
             



gây ra 
(Trương Lăng, 2003).
h

 
2.3 Nhu cng ca heo con
2.3.1 Nhu cng

  
(Trương Lăng, 1999).

10

: 

 heo (kg)
3-5
5-10
10-20

n (kcal/kg)



Protein thô (%)
3400
3265
855
820
250
26
3400
3265
1690

1620
500
23,7
3400
3265
3400
3265
1000
20,9
(Nguồn: NRC, 1998)


 
        
(Vũ Đình Tôn và Trần Thị
Thuận, 2005).
: 
Ngày tui (ngày)
i b sung (Kcal)
10-20
250
20-30
500
30-40
625
45-60
750
(Nguồn: Nguyễn Thiện, 2008)
2.3.2 Nhu cu protein và acid amin
             

 g protein cho 4 
a



 
(Phạm Sỹ Tiệp, 2004).
Vũ Đình Tôn và Trần Thị Thuận (2005) cho rng cung c protein cho
heo con  n này rt quan tri k ng rt mnh
ca h ng prot t lng trong khu
phn thm bo t 120-130 
tht  m bo nhu cu thi
n là cung c s i phi cung cp  các acid amin
vi t l i phù hp. Heo con cn 10 acid thit y Phe, Val, Trp,
Met, Arg, Thr, His, Ile, 


11

 Trong các aa ta cn chú ý ti 2 loi aa quan trng là
Lys và Met. Lys có vai trò quan trn
s tng 



:  con (90%VCK)
AA (%)
 (kg)
3 -5
5-10

10-20
Arg
His
Ile
Leu
Lys
Met
Met + Cys
Phe
Phe+Tyr
Thr
Trp
Val
1,4
1,1
1,8
3,4
3,4
0,9
1,9
2,0
3,2
2,1
0,6
2,3
2,4
1,9
3,2
6,0
5,9

1,6
3,4
3,5
5,5
3,7
1,1
4,0
4,2
3,2
5,5
10,3
10,1
2,7
5,8
6,1
9,5
6,3
1,9
6,9
( Nguồn: NRC, 1998)
2.3.3 Nhu cu cht khoáng
C
hòa 

 (Phạn Sỹ Tiệp, 2006)
Trương Lăng (2003)   -
a l , vi

Vũ Đình Tôn và Trần Thị Thuận (2005)  


:
Ca và P: 2 ng           
             ng còi
trong 0,6
heo con là 1,6-

 