!"
#$%% &'%()
&* #+,$ !- $. /0**$1". $
2%345'* #' * 6()7 !89$: '
!6 !,$8;
<%='%> !0'+1/0?#&9@A
<BC<CDE<FG2BH2I2IBJKL2MEN<KL2OBPQ<R<BS<
<T2IDEU2VW<BS<
<6 X)'Y'A,$Z[% 05/(\
<7 6 X]'^'_$'[' 7!_`
1*$ &8(aX&'(Y'*/A5%': b b 5 !
c'd
e<Bf2BOBg2BhUBijU<BS<
<[%k 6 X
2(lmnompq
O! ]eronnq
stpoupq
: !b1eponuq
: !b1# etoemq
I$c1]dtmoevqctpoeqd
: troerq
V we'wn'wx'wen'OO'B'O'U'
O! ]) u%X
O! ]:$ !7X( '1y' !1y 1y<! 6 %vtoptq'7
^ !$& !$ b3/AcztpQd
O! ]!X(1$'$'1]']y1<! 6 %npoutq'
7^ !$& !$ b3/A :c{tpQd
O! ]"* X(]'] '!] $'!]! <! 6 %etoemq
O! ]k 6 %/[1/k=(Y#'/&% !6!:
: :!c: !b1dX
: :!Z: /)8(% !6(Y/&l.
: :!# X!] '!] '] 1$'U<O'U|O' >
($ ' !1 '`
: :!# X8}k>$10%X]9 !' y'!$'
': ~ !$ b'] ]!'1]`
: )X!'' !''Q`[l 3 =a=$&!$
nI•<FS|2B|€•2IjU<BS<
O! ]X: >},$ !: '%,$1* /6>& !0'%,$1* /6
A}$[ #5
s X$:5(\': > !Z<! #5% 5‚6'(Y'/A
~'/A+= =‚ )**
I$9 Xa=$]I$]$:)nu5(\(ƒ2$[$$]
1(ƒ/A/A,$1* /6
V X :$ =]y1': ' [(\b (!:
[) 0
: )X :$ =) 0'% /A b: k]y1''
! ]' =$: } :$,$ ! !/„:
2(lX!: ,$ !'$' !(ƒk8# !/„: '/+$^ ?
' 8: /A'8),$' !> *8# !/„
:
<6 [ $A= 6 !…%+$! ]' ' )l 6 /†
<6 $3 #5% !6(Y'/(\9* #5%'/3 ƒ=
#5‡**(l+$=%5.1% #5 (ƒˆ1
!Z5k?? 2*$7 6 /88 "$$}
6 !a"?1=(ƒ
<6 6 $'†‰ * !: /A?16#ˆA/A
=(†k 6
<&!Z 6 X
oO! ]?8 1] !3/* !o] '$&‚
oU * 6?k1 = X
ŠyZ$)X$ !] 9']!' ]'
ŠZ$)X] '$ 1!'
Š: )X‹
n
'B
n
‹'B
n
K'`
Š: Z$)(X' '!]
K>"]$X
o 2$1"?X 6 /(\=* $* „Z 6 ?$=
o V$}X !>$}1*bw$$ !Œ]
o K>"]$0$ 6>9$: ‚$%6$' 6 69+•
K>[1%+ˆ X
o 2$1"?X 6 8,$8=?1!a& !>$}6$='*$b'
$A&U ]!'O]$
o K&$} !"+ˆ 6 " l' !5 !$ * !"e
n
K> * $X
o 2$1"?X> !0 !"+ˆ 6 Z$}*$b = … &
(
Šw ]!$!$ 6 %$/†
Šw ]!$11]$ = Z* 9
ŠK!ŒK!$ ] = *
K>& 6 X
o 2$1"?X> !0k=:&
o |‡*X… /[$>9$: !"+ˆ 6 Z* :ˆZ= )
%$ !…V+$* /%[%$/.)
o 2:&X
ŠQ$!]] = Z* $ !…9
Š!$]!!$ = Z* /]
ŠO]$ = Z* 9
2:& !0 !"+ˆ 6 6 */„?$…' # ƒ(%
$}6$} &!Z= /A
|/%' 6 % 0$3?1‡$}(' ' 6 (`'
; !‚(?1'%`<6 ^% 0?1A/A #5$}
‡ 6 ˆ/A &#Ž ! 6 k =(%c3'
$3 !#d#/A: w$Œ 'w$Œ 9=$1‡ 0*
‡?k1/A &Q1 9/A &1?1 [ !$()2*$
A/Aˆ(ƒ% 0* :ˆ $[
Ảnh hưởng của pH khi chế biến thịt
o Bpx•xtX b\**8} 6 /^†85Z(l
B85Z(lk 6
o B :pn•pxX b\8}/^†85Z(l :
Chất lượng cảm quan thịt
o •A+c ]]!]d
o •A * 6c‘$]d
o B()6cŒ$!d
Trạng thái cảm quan
<!=
"
<6 () <6 ~ ()
oQ
oQY%$…'/A!…'‚6
(ƒ
oQl +$1… /[$6
l
oQY$ &'/A!…87 '‚6
oI? !'/A/3 (ƒ
oˆ l !
o|6= !
oI?~ !'~/3
oQˆ l%+$l
o|6= /
’* … oQ$… (ƒ' oQ$… &)')(l
•A!…
/3
oF……
o•A/3':1% 1:
6 /0=:$* :
% 1!
o<6 ~ ():% 1/0=
* “( !a= !=
(ƒ%
o<6 :% 1'* % 1
!a= (ƒ/(\
<k1 o<k1 6 ()ˆ &
k1' !'/3
o<k1 !%!†& k1'‚'$
… &1?$
2(l
/$/0
$A
o2(l !'‚6 )'
!"+ˆ „A lYl*
o<6 ~ ()X(l/'‚6
' !"ˆ lY Z
* Y†
o<6 X(l/'}'‚6
'[$(^* YZ
•KL2OBPQBCwC2<R<BS<
o M79b
o s=9(a
o ”$%
o <6 /=
o <6 $%
o ````
<GQB•EKL2OBPQ<BS<B–‹BE2Bh
B$%A ()**/@% _?$/ƒ !0!A!@ !+$(l'
: (la?$—$•ˆ/0k8}$%8,$8 & %$%
& &!Z&91K8}$%%$…‚6!: /ˆ
X‚ )$ ˜<6 $%A %5 !$1+ &k(ƒ?
‚2$1"$**!: /= _ 6 !?$'^'"'\'[<>: /?1
$3 >}> !Zk(ƒ?‚Z51'ˆ%/*'
(ƒ =†!9:$/0/@… * 6 !/09:$˜^$3
()k 6 ='[ 6 Y ,$=^'5%6 ).1=~'
:1
<[(Yk 6 ]
s= 6
<[%cettd
2(l O! ] s
s\Y vm'p ev'p um'p t'm vtx
s\™= xt'š ex'p ne'p e'e nxr
s\= mu't eš m't e't evu
Nhiệt độ nóng chảy của mỡ một số loài động vật
QYk=/A. 2 /A%81
_$ um›up
t
B] nr›vr
t
2> nš›vu
t
w^ up›pn
t
I nu›vt
t
<BC<CDE<FG2BH2I2IBJ<BS<B–‹BE2Bh
K)/3,$ !
<6 ]
s><6
F<6
… s
€lQ$&<6
2?F<6
•0F
Q%<!]ˆM*1
B$%
K:1
•%%
K8O}
<BEœC<Q2BDE<FG2B
1. s> 6 X
]% ?~'a'Ž'/[$†'… ='= ')
a (ƒ'$5
<6 8/(\> ]/71"$[$k<V2
mtvxo
nttn
+ 6 () !89$: >}
<6 ] ()ˆ %l'+ˆ )]'ˆ … k 6 %$
3'+ 6 +=' l 6 5'/A/3 &
<6 %= /& !… 6 \=' !/%/& !…5
‰?1
B][1b Y
2. F 6 X
Q/bXF= !_ =: ' !"+ˆ 6 /3 ƒ
8/0A &(\. !"+ˆ 6
3. … X
… ]bY‚\1"$[$
D$ !17/($1"$&l Z*†/0‡
,$ ! * ]
4. €l$& 6 X
(l$&Xn
Q$&X9$&=1“"8 6
$1* /0X/Aˆ/+$: (Y „ : +$
Q$&?X?* 6 !$6$&'‚9?/+$ : 8
6 !b
s=$&X
B’\$&5$& ! {nql$1"$'/0,$/"ap
<•$& ! !’\XxXettt
B^ $6etq
s($;X$& ! ‚ ! >}8/881"$[$(\$&
! $[* 8 !"špq'(\ ,$epq': ^
(lteq'(\(l(luq
!
"#$
%
<],$1$?
ž
$"
Ÿ
Ÿ
¡
?
Ÿ
¡
)
¢
/?1
¡
$
Ÿ
]
£
$1"
¢
(
¡
)
Ÿ
¡
/
ž
c$
ž
()
Ÿ
$
Ÿ
d/"
Ÿ
)
Ÿ
¡
/
ž
?
Ÿ
c 6 d•
¡
)
¡
()
Ÿ
(
¡
!"
Ÿ
6 ]
£
$1"
¢
¡
!()
¡
()
Ÿ
$
Ÿ
"
¡
],$1$?
ž
?
¢
?
Ÿ
$
2!^ "/(ƒ1 ]¤ !ˆ!
<k/(ƒX
K8}%()66$ '$/†k 6 +)
K>$* k/(ƒ8}‡)$&/(ƒ% "
… &k 6 %8(a l. ] ! % Z$
•(ƒ !$6$&% !0=. Z$b'5
ˆ> !0k. ?1 &'(/(ƒ%/Al 8 !a
,$ !$* ' } :$$&8}
<k1 ]X1 ]$,$8: ’\'
!'1 ]
<7/}1,$ !$10% ! & )'^ &
<k !ˆ!X^ &'&91%
¥z<%=/bk(l$& 6
&=,$ !?k1 &!Z 6 $1"$
<=6
<=$
)**$
22‹
n
B2‹
n
2‹
2‹ŠQcd2‹Qc !yd
2‹ŠBc]d 2‹Bc !y]d
2‹Q¤2‹BX$/† ()
&~ Y
&91%
$}X@ !$ $$
Q$&1 ]X^ ! ]Z(l
5. 2?! 6 X
<6 /(\? !(l= !nov$!=+ˆ (l:
vp
¦ l $&al+ˆ 6 (l•3 ƒ'$& !
! ^=• (l
¦|/%'= :/(\(\$& ! ! !8}$1
6. B$% 6 X
2"$‚/0$%
2"$$% (ƒ‚’'b/& !%/0$ †
2"$$%,$1* /6 [k%'.1>"$
:/+,$ !"‚’%+$>( ' ‚ !
%%+$3%8} 6 $.'6/…'8 !6
8,$k8}'/A/&l(ƒ(\…b !%
="$/(\‚/0$%3'b '§'`% 0(l
=’'?ˆ‚(% 0‚ !:$ˆ¨91†/0
$1"$ =%
•0%/(\(\%[ * [8&*"$ !/+$1
'/A}"$ b\8np›utq
2 /Ak‚/& uttoupt
t
' :)/0&1k’
%’ & %$˜
2#: -$} $}k1*$ !%’Œ!]1]
2!^%X
ŠU] ]1]
Š©$!Œ$!]1]
Špo] 1Œ$!Œ$!]1]
ŠU] ]
Š– 1
ŠO]
ŠUŒ!
ŠU]
ŠF]
ŠK
<[k%
<[k%1*$ &,$ ! !$%'%%,$.
* /*: (\ b8,$88} !,$ !$%%
8utt\: $ ! [k%'\:
(ƒ]'Z$)'!1'1!!A & [b
(‹
n
'‹'‹
n
'2
n
`
o\: ]X%8nt\: ]$ ! [
k%B\: ]% &=,$ !91%' =$'
‚8} "$ . ‡ >}
oB\: X2+$\: !(\$$ :1 !%F(\$
/% !^,$ ! ! =‚8}$%<$1
"%% † ! "$ .
oZ$)XZ$)/)8 !%%=/A
_e›et$1" ' !/%Z$)%= _e›v
+$:
V|UŒ!'] '!1'$ 1!'y$ 1!`
Z$)[$( =‚8}(7% 8
,$8cB+ˆ 8}=9$&d'/3 ƒ% /
! ]
o: 1X=…/% !^,$ ! ! =
$'‚8}
o\: 1!X/% !^,$ ! !8,$8
7/(\ ! !Z$%/ˆ
&'()*+,-".#
ªK>…/k%"+ˆ 8}X…//%(l/[$ "k
$%/& "$'%1"8}s(\
%+$1b %",$/*,$ !$%
2? &b8(a/*>…/k%X%uˆ X
oB &%$„/6 …/k%l
oL(ak>k= %( k /'
k !>' != ($ kb
oL(a b: ˆ k8}-:$ =k+ˆ 8
}( *cŽ'd/+$%8(a/*>…/k%
s(\(l !8}%8(a!¨! '- 6
…/~'/A}k%$ &/A$10/Al
…/l
ªK> } :$k%$8}
K$%$…/ !"+ˆ 8} %… /[$:[8
}= %"8}'Z [ !%‰ } :$
: Z: % b !(l' &%$a != 0
†‡ } b)a != 0/ˆ•?1,$ !:[ _
!'> 7/.1k1*$k%>?3/Ak [ !
%$'!%•6$8(ak
2? &b8(a/*> } :$k%X
o<[' /A'/A}3/Ak%
o* :$ „#/+$$1"$c/A}'/Al†'[1'†'d
oO() ƒ9%
•wJ2OB•OBE2Bh
B$%%X$% !"vt
t
% 0"/*emt
t
B$%~
8pƒ'(\$& !8}(lvq'/A} _xt›mtq%
* :$8}+= * * . c !‚d(
ƒ$%…">…/ } :$ !8}b '
(\(l^=+$" 8,$8~c85 ‡$}
d
B$%=XB$=a /A(lvt
t
<ƒ$~/*p1
/"'(\$&k8} _m›epq'/A} _vp›ppq'%* :$
ˆ ‰'# ^ & !‚ & )8}/(\
(l$&'85…/' } :$(l ! /0)O()
1$?$'/+$1~ ]Z : + !(\
()/&l8}= (ƒ=18l /A' /A
81Y
D$ !$%/(\ * !^ kˆ)lc^ >
/Aˆ >/A'^%!"$%!"d¤% 0$
% -/ˆ$%(l B$% -/$%(l n()
$^$%
B$%(l X
!> *%$/+$*A =$6% "$
6(l <!$6%%^ : [ () >(
[k%$2(ƒ ? 6 $6 !"/0: ^
:8}
€$/0X
K8}% b/3/+$'% 0)l%' >/A%?1$1+89$: /0
/= 5$:
2(\/0X
Q$…()6k8}( 0/[1/k/ˆ !(k8
}$% !$1+ &
¦(/#/(\ 6*$k(ƒ "$‚¤=^=*
B$% -/
2$1" …XA !(ƒ%=/(\ .ZA /> !]% *
5=ˆ /:
: [$%/(\/,$ !(ƒ/ !" b/‚/ b
l/>'%-%%/ b *97l8}
6 / b !:$ %‰_= :[ ! 6 $
% -/~!7 …n[ ƒ9;
$1* /0X&/6+$\: ?1$ (
cBOUX1!$!]11,$]! ,$]d
<!^$%[%'%… ' &,$= 7 o/}1/0/+$•
(\%
<BC<wSBE2Bh
V6 !b$3$%/(\/ˆ !1'/%b%
! !$38(a l$>**2Z. $/09?1>
$3$%1/(\‚=6$ '% 1<(ƒ
b !$3 ~ !…=ˆ * !‰'/089= /88
8}2Z8}/09%/(\ !] !"Z,$]%
9/ˆ !"9]/}1'/($3$%