đánh giá rủi ro độc tính sinh thái và khung quản lý liên quan đến những dòng thải bệnh viện đổ vào nhà máy xử lý nước thải

Tiểu luận “Đánh giá rủi ro độc tính sinh thái đối với nước thải bệnh viện
một khung đề xuất cho những dòng thải đổ vào hệ thống cống đô thị”
MỤC LỤC
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Tiểu luận “Đánh giá rủi ro độc tính sinh thái đối với nước thải bệnh viện
một khung đề xuất cho những dòng thải đổ vào hệ thống cống đô thị”
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1. ĐÁNH GIÁ RỦI RO ĐỘC TÍNH SINH THÁI ĐỐI VỚI NƯỚC THẢI
BỆNH VIỆN
1.1.Giới thiệu
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&tŒu0•
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Tiểu luận “Đánh giá rủi ro độc tính sinh thái đối với nước thải bệnh viện
một khung đề xuất cho những dòng thải đổ vào hệ thống cống đô thị”
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Tiểu luận “Đánh giá rủi ro độc tính sinh thái đối với nước thải bệnh viện
một khung đề xuất cho những dòng thải đổ vào hệ thống cống đô thị”
-*P*.!&7&-&&;!$kJ&w&;y34w&;>T!"\=`#!+26'67+,!
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Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là:
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Tiểu luận “Đánh giá rủi ro độc tính sinh thái đối với nước thải bệnh viện
một khung đề xuất cho những dòng thải đổ vào hệ thống cống đô thị”
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67!">A&'(s7(9uW(!"w/!"ABwJ&y34wA-3+PA.=&w*P! !"*,!
J&&T&t(&+7e>&; &E&t()6BAO"T>>•!sB!"5-!"sN*P7‚9
67!"!$&#)!*!ŒI•T&!"w.M>?!)J&M&5=&'(&-&+7=J&*P7
‚9sB!"*$eW-›ŒU•r!"5G‚967!"!$&N&'()!!?!sB!"
/z!"J&6;;>w$l!"67!"s7#!"RRRbRA"•1ŒL•Y75$e&>(+7v!"
!,!#!$%!"X!"r!!P3+PsB!"5-!"sNŒI•-!"-*<‚9&7;3! !"
&;B!}AsB!"€7W3$&!P3@&Ts#!j!"):*sy!+PAJ6 (*P):f
)-AŒL•
1.3. Lý thuyết đánh giá rủi ro sinh thái
-!"-6'675G&@!.!-+PF>&7!&'(5-!"-6'67.!--!"-

6'67.!-+PAGW-6O!5-!"-s#!j!"\#36(&'(AG7C&!<\-&.;
ŒQ•`-6O!!P3/M(6,!34Jk5C&@!-&5G!"*P5C&@!4>\f&*P!;!
A=!*P70"(57=!&'(5-!"-6'67k\-&5:!*;!5<w"(57=!>?!@&*P"(
57=!AB#5C&@!6'67Œ^•
1.3.1.Xác định vấn đề
9-&5:!*;!5<+PAGW-6O!=7*P5-!"-&-&"#34*O.(7&-&7=5G!"
&'(&7!!"$l"?36(7C&&TN"?36(#!$%!"54!.!-Œ^•T&!"&;>&E
.%&75-!"-6'67.!-{!"NV4W#&'()$&!P3+P0.#!>yAkno.M
5-!"-! !"5NAs4f&@&e>*Ax&,&'(!PW#!+2*P.!-
5=/!wno&-&ABO!2!AAB#! !"AJW(!&@!" (AG\-&.;*P
5-!"-5NAs4f&7C&" (!<\-&.;*5-!"-!<5NAs4f&wno
AGs47=&>?!@&
1.3.2. Giai đoạn phân tích
D?!@&+PAGW-6O!sNA6(P!>•!&J34&'(6'67w4>\f&*P-&
5G!"w&-&AJW(!" (&f!"*!(*P5C&@!.!-Œ^•
1.3.3. Giai đoạn mô tả đặc tính rủi ro
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7=&w\-&5:!*;!5<w>?!@&/M57-!7C&W(!.-! !"#!$%!"+,!.!
-+,!W(!54!*&5-!"-&-&5NAs4f&Œ08•r!=AG/v3n.™>\4>&Tt
Mo&-&>$E!">->e>+2Œ0•*P.M+M(&H!&-&>$E!">->>xG&*P7At&5G
KB!H&k-!"--&5G!"*P6'67AB6$l!"
Tiểu luận “Đánh giá rủi ro độc tính sinh thái đối với nước thải bệnh viện
một khung đề xuất cho những dòng thải đổ vào hệ thống cống đô thị”
!",A6H!"&'(*;!5<*P)G/ +.œ!&T*€6€Œ^•+$26•!"“rủi ro sinh thái có
thể được hiển thị bằng nhiều cách khác nhau: định tính (có hoặc không có rủi ro), bán
định lượng (rủi ro yếu, trung bình hoặc cao), rủi ro theo xác suất (rủi ro là x%)”
D$E!">->5$e&)454!•€W7€!–n$E!".Jo+PAG>$E!">->>{)4!
!;&'(AB#5C&@!6'67)-!5:!+$e!"D$E!">->!P3&'34@!~+n7C&
$E!".Jo)N:&7!r!"5G/M)-7nDˆo5$e&&()%AG!r!"5G/M)-7
!"$š!"nDˆoŒ^•-6:!r!"5G!"$š!"!P3&TN5$e&$&+$e!"X&-&/ +

.œ!&T67!"P+&7! !"&;!s4w*P.]/x!"! !""-6:575=&@
!"An&-&@!"A.!H&b)7(..(3.o5J*!$&#)!*!KC&/z5G&
@!&'(—!e>&-&7-&;&TN+!E!7C&!…E!.7*/M)-75G&@!&'(
! !"&;6,!"+’67!"—!e>w!$!">$E!">->,A*P7AG$E!".J
nW7€!oX(!F!6•!"5C&@!5G&5v5$e&,A*P7Œ^•MX(!F!!P3&TN
5$e&->/x!"Js7=5G!"&'(&-&7-&;67!"AG—!e>+P$E!"M!(
3!,!w&„!"&T)•!"&t!"&7;3&-&7-&;*7=5G!"sB!"$E!"5r!"
&„!"&T-&5G!"&G!"/r!$E!"MŒ^u0•
V"-6:$E!".JnW7€!o`•w6'675$e&\€A+P5-!"sNw`&P!"+!O6'
67&P!"+!"$e&+=ws`žw6'675$e&\€A+P;>r!"5G!"$š!"67!"&EN
.!*FwM&4w5$e&5=/!AG&-&{!"W-)%ˆR(3ˆRw7C&ˆw
5$e&&()%.J(!7P!n*@/xRo67!"6$l!"e>sB!"&TˆR7C&ˆ
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1.4. Phương pháp luận đánh giá rủi ro độc học sinh thái của nước thải
bệnh viện
1.4.1. Đánh giá mối nguy hại
&5-!"-AJ!"3=&'(!$&#)!*!5J*.!-&j!&t*P7
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u C&@!T(H&n5$e&575=&)%&-&B!".J&!"w&-&B!".JB!}A*B
&E*P &Eo‹
u C&@!*.!‹
u C&@!5G&H&
Hình 2. E5r5-!"-6'675G&H&.!-
KB!H&k-!"--&5G!"*P6'67AB6$l!"
Tiểu luận “Đánh giá rủi ro độc tính sinh thái đối với nước thải bệnh viện
một khung đề xuất cho những dòng thải đổ vào hệ thống cống đô thị”
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u B!".JY*PY
I
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một khung đề xuất cho những dòng thải đổ vào hệ thống cống đô thị”
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A=!"+$7-!$&.!7=w&„!"!$J!"\]+2!$&#.!H&nqqDo
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Các nhân tố nhạy cảm bị tác động
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giá
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